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Wu R, Fu J, Meng L, Lv H, Wang Z, Yuan Y. Late-onset hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy expands the phenotypic spectrum of MFN2-related diseases. Neuropathology 2018; 38:463-467. [PMID: 30011089 DOI: 10.1111/neup.12487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Revised: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the Mitofusin 2 (MFN2) gene have been identified in patients with autosomal dominant axonal motor and sensory neuropathy or Charcot-Marie-Tooth 2A (CMT2A). Here we describe clinical and pathological changes in an adult patient with sporadic hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy (HSAN) due to an MFN2 mutation. The patient was a 53-year-old man who had sensory involvement and anhidrosis in all limbs without motor features. The electrophysiological assessment documented severe axonal sensory neuropathy. The sural nerve biopsy confirmed the electrophysiological findings, revealing severe loss of myelinated and unmyelinated fibers with regeneration clusters. Genetic analysis revealed the previously identified mutation c.776 G > A in MFN2. Our report expands the phenotypic spectrum of MFN2-related diseases. Sequencing of MFN2 should be considered in all patients presenting with late-onset HSAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Fu
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lingchao Meng
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - He Lv
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoxia Wang
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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2
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Bommarito G, Cellerino M, Prada V, Venturi C, Capellari S, Cortelli P, Mancardi GL, Parchi P, Schenone A. A novel prion protein gene‐truncating mutation causing autonomic neuropathy and diarrhea. Eur J Neurol 2018; 25:e91-e92. [DOI: 10.1111/ene.13665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Bommarito
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health University of Genoa and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS Genoa Italy
| | - M. Cellerino
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health University of Genoa and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS Genoa Italy
| | - V. Prada
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health University of Genoa and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS Genoa Italy
| | - C. Venturi
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health University of Genoa and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS Genoa Italy
| | - S. Capellari
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie Università di Bologna Bologna Italy
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche Bologna Italy
| | - P. Cortelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie Università di Bologna Bologna Italy
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche Bologna Italy
| | - G. L. Mancardi
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health University of Genoa and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS Genoa Italy
| | - P. Parchi
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche Bologna Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Diagnostica e Sperimentale Università di Bologna Bologna Italy
| | - A. Schenone
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health University of Genoa and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS Genoa Italy
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Fong JC, Rojas JC, Bang J, Legati A, Rankin KP, Forner S, Miller ZA, Karydas AM, Coppola G, Grouse CK, Ralph J, Miller BL, Geschwind MD. Genetic Prion Disease Caused by PRNP Q160X Mutation Presenting with an Orbitofrontal Syndrome, Cyclic Diarrhea, and Peripheral Neuropathy. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 55:249-258. [PMID: 27716661 DOI: 10.3233/jad-160300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Patients with pathogenic truncating mutations in the prion gene (PRNP) usually present with prolonged disease courses with severe neurofibrillary tangle and cerebral amyloidosis pathology, but more atypical phenotypes also occur, including those with dysautonomia and peripheral neuropathy. We describe the neurological, cognitive, neuroimaging, and electrophysiological features of a 31-year-old man presenting with an orbitofrontal syndrome, gastrointestinal symptoms, and peripheral neuropathy associated with PRNP Q160X nonsense mutation, with symptom onset at age 27. The mutation was also detected in his asymptomatic father and a symptomatic paternal cousin; several members of prior generations died from early onset dementia. This is the first report of a family affected with the nonsense PRNP mutation Q160X displaying clear autosomal dominant disease in multiple family members and reduced penetrance. This case strengthens the evidence suggesting an association between PRNP truncating mutations and prion systemic amyloidosis. PRNP gene testing should be considered in any patient with atypical dementia, especially with early onset and neuropathy, even in the absence of a family history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie C Fong
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Julio C Rojas
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jee Bang
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Andrea Legati
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Katherine P Rankin
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sven Forner
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Zachary A Miller
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Anna M Karydas
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Giovanni Coppola
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Carrie K Grouse
- Department of Neurology, Spine & Nerve EMG Unit, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey Ralph
- Department of Neurology, Spine & Nerve EMG Unit, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bruce L Miller
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michael D Geschwind
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Kovač V, Čurin Šerbec V. Prion Proteins Without the Glycophosphatidylinositol Anchor: Potential Biomarkers in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Biomark Insights 2018; 13:1177271918756648. [PMID: 29449775 PMCID: PMC5808966 DOI: 10.1177/1177271918756648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Prion protein (PrP) is a biomolecule that is involved in neuronal signaling, myelinization, and the development of neurodegenerative diseases. In the cell, PrP is shed by the ADAM10 protease. This process generates PrP molecules that lack glycophosphatidylinositol anchor, and these molecules incorporate into toxic aggregates and neutralize toxic oligomers. Due to this dual role, these molecules are important biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we present shed PrP as a potential biomarker, with a focus on PrP226*, which may be the main biomarker for predicting neurodegenerative diseases in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerija Kovač
- Department for the Production of Diagnostic Reagents and Research, Blood Transfusion Centre of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vladka Čurin Šerbec
- Department for the Production of Diagnostic Reagents and Research, Blood Transfusion Centre of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Schmitz M, Dittmar K, Llorens F, Gelpi E, Ferrer I, Schulz-Schaeffer WJ, Zerr I. Hereditary Human Prion Diseases: an Update. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:4138-4149. [PMID: 27324792 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9918-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Prion diseases in humans are neurodegenerative diseases which are caused by an accumulation of abnormal, misfolded cellular prion protein known as scrapie prion protein (PrPSc). Genetic, acquired, or spontaneous (sporadic) forms are known. Pathogenic mutations in the human prion protein gene (PRNP) have been identified in 10-15 % of CJD patients. These mutations may be single point mutations, STOP codon mutations, or insertions or deletions of octa-peptide repeats. Some non-coding mutations and new mutations in the PrP gene have been identified without clear evidence for their pathogenic significance. In the present review, we provide an updated overview of PRNP mutations, which have been documented in the literature until now, describe the change in the DNA, the family history, the pathogenicity, and the number of described cases, which has not been published in this complexity before. We also provide a description of each genetic prion disease type, present characteristic histopathological features, and the PrPSc isoform expression pattern of various familial/genetic prion diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Schmitz
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen and the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany. .,Department of Neuropathology, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Kathrin Dittmar
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen and the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Franc Llorens
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen and the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ellen Gelpi
- Neurological Tissue Bank, Biobanc-Hospital Clinic-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isidre Ferrer
- Institute of Neuropathology, Bellvitge University Hospital, CIBERNED, Hospitalet de Llobregat, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Walter J Schulz-Schaeffer
- Department of Neuropathology, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Inga Zerr
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen and the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
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6
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Mead S, Reilly MM. A new prion disease: relationship with central and peripheral amyloidoses. Nat Rev Neurol 2015; 11:90-7. [DOI: 10.1038/nrneurol.2014.263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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