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Dang C, Wang Y, Li Q, Lu Y. Neuroimaging modalities in the detection of Alzheimer's disease-associated biomarkers. PSYCHORADIOLOGY 2023; 3:kkad009. [PMID: 38666112 PMCID: PMC11003434 DOI: 10.1093/psyrad/kkad009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. Neuropathological changes in AD patients occur up to 10-20 years before the emergence of clinical symptoms. Specific diagnosis and appropriate intervention strategies are crucial during the phase of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD. The detection of biomarkers has emerged as a promising tool for tracking the efficacy of potential therapies, making an early disease diagnosis, and prejudging treatment prognosis. Specifically, multiple neuroimaging modalities, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography, optical imaging, and single photon emission-computed tomography, have provided a few potential biomarkers for clinical application. The MRI modalities described in this review include structural MRI, functional MRI, diffusion tensor imaging, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and arterial spin labelling. These techniques allow the detection of presymptomatic diagnostic biomarkers in the brains of cognitively normal elderly people and might also be used to monitor AD disease progression after the onset of clinical symptoms. This review highlights potential biomarkers, merits, and demerits of different neuroimaging modalities and their clinical value in MCI and AD patients. Further studies are necessary to explore more biomarkers and overcome the limitations of multiple neuroimaging modalities for inclusion in diagnostic criteria for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Dang
- Department of Periodical Press, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Yanchao Wang
- Department of Neurology, Chifeng University of Affiliated Hospital, Chifeng 024000, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yaoheng Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Chengdu Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Hospital, Chengdu 610000, China
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2
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Wang R, Gao H, Xie H, Jia Z, Chen Q. Molecular imaging biomarkers in familial frontotemporal lobar degeneration: Progress and prospects. Front Neurol 2022; 13:933217. [PMID: 36051222 PMCID: PMC9424494 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.933217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Familial frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) is a pathologically heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative diseases with diverse genotypes and clinical phenotypes. Three major mutations were reported in patients with familial FTLD, namely, progranulin (GRN), microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT), and the chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 (C9orf72) repeat expansion, which could cause neurodegenerative pathological changes years before symptom onset. Noninvasive quantitative molecular imaging with PET or single-photon emission CT (SPECT) allows for selective visualization of the molecular targets in vivo to investigate brain metabolism, perfusion, neuroinflammation, and pathophysiological changes. There was increasing evidence that several molecular imaging biomarkers tend to serve as biomarkers to reveal the early brain abnormalities in familial FTLD. Tau-PET with 18F-flortaucipir and 11C-PBB3 demonstrated the elevated tau position in patients with FTLD and also showed the ability to differentiate patterns among the different subtypes of the mutations in familial FTLD. Furthermore, dopamine transporter imaging with the 11C-DOPA and 11C-CFT in PET and the 123I-FP-CIT in SPECT revealed the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the asymptomatic and symptomatic patients of familial FTLD. In addition, PET imaging with the 11C-MP4A has demonstrated reduced acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in patients with FTLD, while PET with the 11C-DAA1106 and 11C-PK11195 revealed an increased level of microglial activation associated with neuroinflammation even before the onset of symptoms in familial FTLD. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET indicated hypometabolism in FTLD with different mutations preceded the atrophy on MRI. Identifying molecular imaging biomarkers for familial FTLD is important for the in-vivo assessment of underlying pathophysiological changes with disease progression and future disease-modifying therapy. We review the recent progress of molecular imaging in familial FTLD with focused on the possible implication of these techniques and their prospects in specific mutation types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihan Wang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Gao
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongsheng Xie
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiyun Jia
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qin Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Qin Chen
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Lagarde J, Olivieri P, Tonietto M, Tissot C, Rivals I, Gervais P, Caillé F, Moussion M, Bottlaender M, Sarazin M. Tau-PET imaging predicts cognitive decline and brain atrophy progression in early Alzheimer's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2022; 93:459-467. [PMID: 35228270 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2021-328623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore whether regional tau binding measured at baseline is associated with the rapidity of Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression over 2 years, as assessed by the decline in specified cognitive domains, and the progression of regional brain atrophy, in comparison with amyloid-positron emission tomography (PET), MRI and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers. METHODS Thirty-six patients with AD (positive CSF biomarkers and amyloid-PET) and 15 controls underwent a complete neuropsychological assessment, 3T brain MRI, [11C]-PiB and [18F]-flortaucipir PET imaging, and were monitored annually over 2 years, with a second brain MRI after 2 years. We used mixed effects models to explore the relations between tau-PET, amyloid-PET, CSF biomarkers and MRI at baseline and cognitive decline and the progression of brain atrophy over 2 years in patients with AD. RESULTS Baseline tau-PET was strongly associated with the subsequent cognitive decline in regions that are usually associated with each cognitive domain. No significant relationship was observed between the cognitive decline and initial amyloid load, regional cortical atrophy or CSF biomarkers. Baseline tau tracer binding in the superior temporal gyrus was associated with subsequent atrophy in an inferomedial temporal volume of interest, as was the voxelwise tau tracer binding with subsequent cortical atrophy in the superior temporal, parietal and frontal association cortices. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that tau tracer binding is predictive of cognitive decline in AD in domain-specific brain areas, which provides important insights into the interaction between tau burden and neurodegeneration, and is of the utmost importance to develop new prognostic markers that will help improve the design of therapeutic trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Lagarde
- Department of Neurology of Memory and Language, GHU Paris Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris, France .,Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, BioMaps, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot CEA, CNRS, Inserm, Orsay, France
| | - Pauline Olivieri
- Department of Neurology of Memory and Language, GHU Paris Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, BioMaps, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot CEA, CNRS, Inserm, Orsay, France
| | - Matteo Tonietto
- Université Paris-Saclay, BioMaps, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot CEA, CNRS, Inserm, Orsay, France
| | - Cecile Tissot
- McGill University Research Centre for Studies in Aging, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Isabelle Rivals
- Equipe de Statistique Appliquée, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, INSERM, UMRS 1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique, 10 rue Vauquelin, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Gervais
- Université Paris-Saclay, BioMaps, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot CEA, CNRS, Inserm, Orsay, France
| | - Fabien Caillé
- Université Paris-Saclay, BioMaps, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot CEA, CNRS, Inserm, Orsay, France
| | - Martin Moussion
- Department of Neurology of Memory and Language, GHU Paris Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris, France.,Centre d'évaluation Troubles Psychiques et Vieillissement, GHU Paris Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris, France
| | - Michel Bottlaender
- Université Paris-Saclay, BioMaps, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot CEA, CNRS, Inserm, Orsay, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, UNIACT, Neurospin, Joliot Institute, CEA, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Marie Sarazin
- Department of Neurology of Memory and Language, GHU Paris Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, BioMaps, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot CEA, CNRS, Inserm, Orsay, France
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Haeger A, Bottlaender M, Lagarde J, Porciuncula Baptista R, Rabrait-Lerman C, Luecken V, Schulz JB, Vignaud A, Sarazin M, Reetz K, Romanzetti S, Boumezbeur F. What can 7T sodium MRI tell us about cellular energy depletion and neurotransmission in Alzheimer's disease? Alzheimers Dement 2021; 17:1843-1854. [PMID: 34855281 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The pathophysiological processes underlying the development and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) on the neuronal level are still unclear. Previous research has hinted at metabolic energy deficits and altered sodium homeostasis with impaired neuronal function as a potential metabolic marker relevant for neurotransmission in AD. Using sodium (23 Na) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging on an ultra-high-field 7 Tesla MR scanner, we found increased cerebral tissue sodium concentration (TSC) in 17 biomarker-defined AD patients compared to 22 age-matched control subjects in vivo. TSC was highly discriminative between controls and early AD stages and was predictive for cognitive state, and associated with regional tau load assessed with flortaucipir-positron emission tomography as a possible mediator of TSC-associated neurodegeneration. TSC could therefore serve as a non-invasive, stage-dependent, metabolic imaging marker. Setting a focus on cellular metabolism and potentially disturbed interneuronal communication due to energy-dependent altered cell homeostasis could hamper progressive cognitive decline by targeting these processes in future interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexa Haeger
- NeuroSpin, CEA, CNRS, Paris-Saclay University, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.,Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,JARA-BRAIN Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Michel Bottlaender
- NeuroSpin, CEA, CNRS, Paris-Saclay University, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.,Paris-Saclay University, CEA, CNRS, Inserm, BioMaps, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Orsay, France
| | - Julien Lagarde
- Paris-Saclay University, CEA, CNRS, Inserm, BioMaps, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Orsay, France.,Neurology of Memory and Language, GHU Paris Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, Sainte-Anne Hospital, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Volker Luecken
- NeuroSpin, CEA, CNRS, Paris-Saclay University, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jörg B Schulz
- Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,JARA-BRAIN Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Alexandre Vignaud
- NeuroSpin, CEA, CNRS, Paris-Saclay University, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marie Sarazin
- Paris-Saclay University, CEA, CNRS, Inserm, BioMaps, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Orsay, France.,Neurology of Memory and Language, GHU Paris Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, Sainte-Anne Hospital, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Kathrin Reetz
- Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,JARA-BRAIN Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sandro Romanzetti
- Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,JARA-BRAIN Institute Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Fawzi Boumezbeur
- NeuroSpin, CEA, CNRS, Paris-Saclay University, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia and accounts for approximately 50% to 80% of all cases of dementia. The diagnosis of probable AD is based on clinical criteria and overlapping clinical features pose a challenge to accurate diagnosis. However, neuroimaging has been included as a biomarker in various published criteria for the diagnosis of probable AD, in the absence of a confirmatory diagnostic test during life. Advances in neuroimaging techniques and their inclusion in diagnostic and research criteria for the diagnosis of AD includes the use of positron emission tomography (PET) imaging as a biomarker in various therapeutic and prognostic studies in AD. The development and application of a range of PET tracers will allow more detailed assessment of people with AD and will improve diagnostic specificity and targeted therapy of AD. The aim of this review is to summarize current evidence on PET imaging using the non-specific tracer [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose and specific tracers that target amyloid and tau pathology in people with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailendra Mohan Tripathi
- Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Alison D Murray
- Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK
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Tamil Selvan S, Ravichandar R, Kanta Ghosh K, Mohan A, Mahalakshmi P, Gulyás B, Padmanabhan P. Coordination chemistry of ligands: Insights into the design of amyloid beta/tau-PET imaging probes and nanoparticles-based therapies for Alzheimer’s disease. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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