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Mandai M, Watanabe A, Kurimoto Y, Hirami Y, Morinaga C, Daimon T, Fujihara M, Akimaru H, Sakai N, Shibata Y, Terada M, Nomiya Y, Tanishima S, Nakamura M, Kamao H, Sugita S, Onishi A, Ito T, Fujita K, Kawamata S, Go MJ, Shinohara C, Hata KI, Sawada M, Yamamoto M, Ohta S, Ohara Y, Yoshida K, Kuwahara J, Kitano Y, Amano N, Umekage M, Kitaoka F, Tanaka A, Okada C, Takasu N, Ogawa S, Yamanaka S, Takahashi M. Autologous Induced Stem-Cell-Derived Retinal Cells for Macular Degeneration. N Engl J Med 2017; 376:1038-1046. [PMID: 28296613 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1608368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 899] [Impact Index Per Article: 128.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
We assessed the feasibility of transplanting a sheet of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in a patient with neovascular age-related macular degeneration. The iPSCs were generated from skin fibroblasts obtained from two patients with advanced neovascular age-related macular degeneration and were differentiated into RPE cells. The RPE cells and the iPSCs from which they were derived were subject to extensive testing. A surgery that included the removal of the neovascular membrane and transplantation of the autologous iPSC-derived RPE cell sheet under the retina was performed in one of the patients. At 1 year after surgery, the transplanted sheet remained intact, best corrected visual acuity had not improved or worsened, and cystoid macular edema was present. (Funded by Highway Program for Realization of Regenerative Medicine and others; University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry [UMIN-CTR] number, UMIN000011929 .).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiko Mandai
- From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) - all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
| | - Akira Watanabe
- From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) - all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
| | - Yasuo Kurimoto
- From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) - all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
| | - Yasuhiko Hirami
- From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) - all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
| | - Chikako Morinaga
- From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) - all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
| | - Takashi Daimon
- From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) - all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
| | - Masashi Fujihara
- From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) - all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
| | - Hiroshi Akimaru
- From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) - all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
| | - Noriko Sakai
- From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) - all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
| | - Yumiko Shibata
- From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) - all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
| | - Motoki Terada
- From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) - all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
| | - Yui Nomiya
- From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) - all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
| | - Shigeki Tanishima
- From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) - all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
| | - Masahiro Nakamura
- From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) - all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
| | - Hiroyuki Kamao
- From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) - all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
| | - Sunao Sugita
- From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) - all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
| | - Akishi Onishi
- From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) - all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
| | - Tomoko Ito
- From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) - all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
| | - Kanako Fujita
- From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) - all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
| | - Shin Kawamata
- From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) - all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
| | - Masahiro J Go
- From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) - all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
| | - Chikara Shinohara
- From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) - all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
| | - Ken-Ichiro Hata
- From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) - all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
| | - Masanori Sawada
- From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) - all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
| | - Midori Yamamoto
- From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) - all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
| | - Sachiko Ohta
- From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) - all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
| | - Yasuo Ohara
- From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) - all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
| | - Kenichi Yoshida
- From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) - all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
| | - Junko Kuwahara
- From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) - all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
| | - Yuko Kitano
- From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) - all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
| | - Naoki Amano
- From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) - all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
| | - Masafumi Umekage
- From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) - all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
| | - Fumiyo Kitaoka
- From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) - all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
| | - Azusa Tanaka
- From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) - all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
| | - Chihiro Okada
- From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) - all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
| | - Naoko Takasu
- From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) - all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
| | - Seishi Ogawa
- From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) - all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
| | - Shinya Yamanaka
- From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) - all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
| | - Masayo Takahashi
- From the Division of Ophthalmology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (M.M., Y. Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F., M.Y., S. Ohta, M. Takahashi), Laboratory for Retinal Regeneration, RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (M.M., C.M., H.A., N.S., Y.S., M. Terada, H.K., S.S., A.O., M.Y., M. Takahashi), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital (Y.Kurimoto, Y.H., M.F.), the Department of Clinical Trial Management, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (T.I., K.F.), and Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation (S.K., M.J.G.), Kobe, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA) (A.W., Y.N., M.N., J.K., Y. Kitano, N.A., M.U., F.K., A.T., N.T., S.Y.), Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) (A.W.), and Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine (K.Y., S. Ogawa), Kyoto University, Kyoto, the Department of Biostatistics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya (T.D.), Platform of Therapeutics for Rare Disease, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health, and Nutrition, Ibaraki (H.A.), Mitsubishi Space Software, Tokyo (S.T., Y.O., C.O.), the Department of Ophthalmology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki (H.K.), Japan Tissue Engineering, Gamagori (C.S., K.H.), and HEALIOS K.K., Tokyo (M.S.) - all in Japan; and Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco (S.Y.)
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