1
|
Congenital Fibrosis of the Extraocular Muscles: An Overview from Genetics to Management. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9111605. [DOI: 10.3390/children9111605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles (CFEOM) is a genetic disorder belonging to the congenital cranial dysinnervation disorders and is characterized by nonprogressive restrictive ophthalmoplegia. It is phenotypically and genotypically heterogeneous. At least seven causative genes and one locus are responsible for the five subtypes, named CFEOM-1 to CFEOM-5. This review summarizes the currently available molecular genetic findings and genotype–phenotype correlations, as well as the advances in the management of CFEOM. We propose that the classification of the disorder could be optimized to provide better guidance for clinical interventions. Finally, we discuss the future of genetic-diagnosis-directed studies to better understand such axon guidance disorders.
Collapse
|
2
|
Choi WS, Kwon YH, Ryu WY. Scleral Perforation During Inferior Rectus Muscle Recession in Congenital Fibrosis of the Extraocular Muscles. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN OPHTHALMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 2016. [DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2016.57.3.524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Woo Seok Choi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Yoon Hyung Kwon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Won Yeol Ryu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| |
Collapse
|