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Tahmasebi Sarvestani M, Chidlow G, Wood JP, Casson RJ. Effects of slit lamp-delivered retinal laser photobiomodulation in a rat model of choroidal neovascularization. Exp Eye Res 2024; 244:109909. [PMID: 38710357 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2024.109909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Neovascular age-related macular degeneration, also known as exudative or wet age-related macular degeneration, is the leading cause of blindness in the developed world. Photobiomodulation has the potential to target the up-stream hypoxic and pro-inflammatory drivers of choroidal neovascularization. This study investigated whether photobiomodulation attenuates characteristic pathological features of choroidal neovascularization in a rodent model. Experimental choroidal neovascularization was induced in Brown Norway rats with laser photocoagulation. A custom-designed, slit-lamp-mounted, 670 nm laser was used to administer retinal photobiomodulation every 3 days, beginning 6 days prior to choroidal neovascularization induction and continuing until the animals were killed 14 days later. The effect of photobiomodulation on the size of choroidal neovascular membranes was determined using isolectin-B4 immunohistochemistry and spectral domain-optical coherence tomography. Vascular leakage was determined with fluorescein angiography. The effect of treatment on levels of vascular endothelial growth factor expression was quantified with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Treatment with photobiomodulation was associated with choroidal neovascular membranes that were smaller, had less fluorescein leakage, and a diminished presence of inflammatory cells as compared to sham eyes. These effects were not associated with a statistically significant difference in the level of vascular endothelial growth factor when compared to sham eyes. The data shown herein indicate that photobiomodulation attenuates pathological features of choroidal neovascularization in a rodent model by mechanisms that may be independent of vascular endothelial growth factor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Glyn Chidlow
- Ophthalmic Research Laboratory, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - John P Wood
- Ophthalmic Research Laboratory, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Robert J Casson
- Ophthalmic Research Laboratory, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
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2
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Jia J, Qiu D, Lu C, Wang W, Li N, Han Y, Tong P, Sun X, Wu M, Dai J. Transcriptome Analysis of Choroid and Retina From Tree Shrew With Choroidal Neovascularization Reveals Key Signaling Moieties. Front Genet 2021; 12:654955. [PMID: 34040635 PMCID: PMC8141912 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.654955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological neovascularization in choroid, a leading cause of blindness, is a characteristic of many fundus diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration. The present study aimed to elucidate the key signaling pathways in choroidal neovascularization (CNV) by analyzing the mRNA profiles of choroid and retina in tree shrews with CNV. We induced choroidal angiogenesis by laser photocoagulation in 15 tree shrews and obtained mRNA profiles of their choroids and retinas by high-throughput transcriptome sequencing. Hierarchical cluster analysis, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, CD31 immunohistochemistry (IHC), and reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) were performed. After laser photocoagulation, we obtained a total of 350 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the choroid, including 59 genes in Module-FASN (“ME-FASN”) module and 28 genes in Module-RPL (“ME-RPL”) module. A total of 69 DEGs in retina, including 20 genes in Module-SLC (“ME-SLC”) module. Bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that DEGs in choroid were mainly involved in membrane transport; DEGs in “ME-RPL” were prominent in pathways associated with IgA production, antigen presentation, and cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) signaling. DEGs in “ME-FASN” were involved in fatty acid metabolism and PPAR signaling pathway, while DEGs in “ME-SLC” were involved in GABAergic synapse, neuroactive life receptor interaction, cholinergic synapse, and retrograde endocannabinoid signaling pathway. PPI network analysis demonstrated that the ribosomal protein family genes (RPL31, RPL7, RPL26L1, and RPL19) are key factors of “ME-RPL,” acyl-CoA superfamily genes (ACACA, ACAT1, ACAA2, and ACACB) and FASN are key factors of “ME-FASN” and superfamily of solid carrier genes (SLC17A6, SLC32A1, SLC12A5, and SLC6A1) and complement genes (C4A, C3, and C2) are key factors of “ME-SLC.” In conclusion, the present study discovered the important signal transductions (fatty acid metabolic pathway and CAMs signaling) and genes (ribosomal protein family and the complement system) in tree shrew CNV. We consider that our findings hold implications in unraveling molecular mechanisms that underlie occurrence and development of CNV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Jia
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China.,Scientific Research Laboratory Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Dandan Qiu
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China.,Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Caixia Lu
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Wenguang Wang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Na Li
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Yuanyuan Han
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Pinfen Tong
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaomei Sun
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Min Wu
- Yunnan Eye Institute, The Second People's Hospital of Yunnan, Kunming, China
| | - Jiejie Dai
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
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3
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Shi L, Zhao M, Abbey CA, Tsai SH, Xie W, Pham D, Chapman S, Bayless KJ, Hein TW, Rosa RH, Ko ML, Kuo L, Ko GYP. Newly Identified Peptide, Peptide Lv, Promotes Pathological Angiogenesis. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 8:e013673. [PMID: 31698979 PMCID: PMC6915261 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.013673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background We recently discovered a small endogenous peptide, peptide Lv, with the ability to activate vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 and its downstream signaling. As vascular endothelial growth factor through vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 contributes to normal development, vasodilation, angiogenesis, and pathogenesis of various diseases, we investigated the role of peptide Lv in vasodilation and developmental and pathological angiogenesis in this study. Methods and Results The endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and 3-dimensional sprouting assays were used to test the abilities of peptide Lv in angiogenesis in vitro. The chick chorioallantoic membranes and early postnatal mice were used to examine its impact on developmental angiogenesis. The oxygen-induced retinopathy and laser-induced choroidal neovascularization mouse models were used for in vivo pathological angiogenesis. The isolated porcine retinal and coronary arterioles were used for vasodilation assays. Peptide Lv elicited angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Peptide Lv and vascular endothelial growth factor acted synergistically in promoting endothelial cell proliferation. Peptide Lv-elicited vasodilation was not completely dependent on nitric oxide, indicating that peptide Lv had vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2/nitric oxide-independent targets. An antibody against peptide Lv, anti-Lv, dampened vascular endothelial growth factor-elicited endothelial proliferation and laser-induced vascular leakage and choroidal neovascularization. While the pathological angiogenesis in mouse eyes with oxygen-induced retinopathy was enhanced by exogenous peptide Lv, anti-Lv dampened this process. Furthermore, deletion of peptide Lv in mice significantly decreased pathological neovascularization compared with their wild-type littermates. Conclusions These results demonstrate that peptide Lv plays a significant role in pathological angiogenesis but may be less critical during development. Peptide Lv is involved in pathological angiogenesis through vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2-dependent and -independent pathways. As anti-Lv dampened the pathological angiogenesis in the eye, anti-Lv may have a therapeutic potential to treat pathological angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liheng Shi
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Texas A&M University College Station TX
| | - Min Zhao
- Department of Medical Physiology Ophthalmic Vascular Research Program College of Medicine Texas A&M University Health Science Center Bryan TX
| | - Colette A Abbey
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine College of Medicine Texas A&M University Health Science Center Bryan TX
| | - Shu-Huai Tsai
- Department of Medical Physiology Ophthalmic Vascular Research Program College of Medicine Texas A&M University Health Science Center Bryan TX
| | - Wankun Xie
- Department of Medical Physiology Ophthalmic Vascular Research Program College of Medicine Texas A&M University Health Science Center Bryan TX
| | - Dylan Pham
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Texas A&M University College Station TX
| | - Samantha Chapman
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Texas A&M University College Station TX
| | - Kayla J Bayless
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine College of Medicine Texas A&M University Health Science Center Bryan TX
| | - Travis W Hein
- Department of Medical Physiology Ophthalmic Vascular Research Program College of Medicine Texas A&M University Health Science Center Bryan TX
| | - Robert H Rosa
- Department of Medical Physiology Ophthalmic Vascular Research Program College of Medicine Texas A&M University Health Science Center Bryan TX.,Department of Ophthalmology Baylor Scott & White Eye Institute Temple TX
| | - Michael L Ko
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Texas A&M University College Station TX.,Department of Biology Blinn College Bryan TX
| | - Lih Kuo
- Department of Medical Physiology Ophthalmic Vascular Research Program College of Medicine Texas A&M University Health Science Center Bryan TX
| | - Gladys Y-P Ko
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Texas A&M University College Station TX.,Texas A&M Institute for Neuroscience Texas A&M University College Station TX
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4
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Meyer JH, Larsen PP, Strack C, Harmening WM, Krohne TU, Holz FG, Schmitz-Valckenberg S. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) in an animal model of laser-induced choroidal neovascularization. Exp Eye Res 2019; 184:162-171. [PMID: 31002822 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Aim of the study was to compare optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) and conventional fluorescein angiography (FA) for quantitative analysis of the retinal and choroidal vasculature in the animal model of laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV). Therefore, Dark Agouti rats underwent argon laser photocoagulation to induce CNV at D0. In vivo imaging using combined confocal scanner laser ophthalmoscopy (cSLO)-based FA and OCT-A (Heidelberg Engineering GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany) was performed before and immediately after laser treatment as well as at day 2, 7, 14 and 21. OCT-A en-face images were compared to cSLO images obtained by conventional FA topographic uptake recorded using a series of different pre-defined focus settings. For a quantitative comparison of CNV imaging by OCT-A and FA, CNV area, vessel density, number of vessel junctions, total vessel length and number of vessel end points were analyzed. Subsequent ex vivo analyses of the CNV included immunofluorescence staining of vessels in retinal and RPE/choroidal/scleral flatmount preparations. We found, that OCT-A allowed for high-resolution non-invasive imaging of the superficial, intermediate and deep retinal capillary plexus as well as the choroidal blood vessels in rats. Compared with OCT-A, visualization of CNV progression by invasive FA was less accurate, in particular the deep vascular plexus was visualized in more detail by OCT-A. The area of neovascularization was mainly detected in the deep retinal vascular plexus, outer nuclear layer (ONL), ellipsoid zone (EZ) and the choroid. Within the laser lesions, signs of CNV formation occurred at day 7 with progression in size and number of small vessels until day 21. Due to leakage and staining effects, CNV areas appeared significantly larger in FA compared to OCT-A images (p ≤ 0.0001 for all tested layers). Vessel density, number of vessel junctions, total vessel length and number of vessel end points were significantly higher in intermediate vascular plexus (IVP) and deep vascular plexus (DVP) in OCT-A compared to FA images. Overall, CNV area in flatmounts was similar to OCT-A results and much smaller compared to the area of dye leakage by FA. This study demonstrates that in vivo OCT-A imaging in small animals is feasible and allows for precise analysis of the formation of new blood vessel formation in the animal model of laser-induced CNV. Given its superior axial resolution, sensitivity and non-invasiveness compared to conventional FA imaging, OCT-A opens the door for a more detailed evaluation of CNV development in such a model and, thus, enables the analysis of the response to novel therapeutic interventions in longitudinal in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna H Meyer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Petra P Larsen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Claudine Strack
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Tim U Krohne
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Frank G Holz
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Zhao M, Xie W, Tsai SH, Hein TW, Rocke BA, Kuo L, Rosa RH. Intravitreal Stanniocalcin-1 Enhances New Blood Vessel Growth in a Rat Model of Laser-Induced Choroidal Neovascularization. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2018; 59:1125-1133. [PMID: 29490350 PMCID: PMC5830987 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.17-23083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of stanniocalcin-1 (STC-1), a photoreceptor-protective glycoprotein, on the development of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in relation to VEGF and its main receptor (VEGFR2) expression after laser injury. Methods In rats, CNV was induced by laser photocoagulation in both eyes, followed by intravitreal injection of STC-1 in the right eye and vehicle or denatured STC-1 injection in the left eye as control. Two weeks after laser injury, fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging and fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) were performed. Fluorescein leakage from CNV was graded using a defined scale system. The size of CNV was quantified with spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), fluorescein-labeled choroid-sclera flat mounts, and hematoxylin-eosin staining. Protein expressions were evaluated by Western blot. Results Photocoagulation produced a well-circumscribed area of CNV. With STC-1 treatment, CNV lesions assessed by FAF were increased by 50% in both intensity and area. The CNV lesions were also increased with SD-OCT, flat-mount, and histologic analyses. FFA disclosed enhanced fluorescein leakage in CNV lesions in STC-1 treated eyes. The STC-1 protein was detected in the choroidal tissue and its level was increased with CNV lesions in correlation with VEGF and VEGFR2 expressions. Intravitreal administration of STC-1 significantly increased choroidal expression of both VEGF and VEGFR2 proteins. Conclusions Chorodial tissue expresses STC-1, which seemingly acts as a stress response protein by enhancing pathological new blood vessel growth in laser-induced CNV. It is likely that STC-1 promotes CNV development via VEGF signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhao
- Ophthalmic Vascular Research Program, Department of Ophthalmology, Scott & White Eye Institute, Temple, Texas, United States.,Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas, United States
| | - Wankun Xie
- Ophthalmic Vascular Research Program, Department of Ophthalmology, Scott & White Eye Institute, Temple, Texas, United States.,Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas, United States
| | - Shu-Huai Tsai
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas, United States
| | - Travis W Hein
- Ophthalmic Vascular Research Program, Department of Ophthalmology, Scott & White Eye Institute, Temple, Texas, United States.,Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas, United States
| | - Brent A Rocke
- Olin E. Teague Veterans' Medical Center, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas, United States
| | - Lih Kuo
- Ophthalmic Vascular Research Program, Department of Ophthalmology, Scott & White Eye Institute, Temple, Texas, United States.,Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas, United States
| | - Robert H Rosa
- Ophthalmic Vascular Research Program, Department of Ophthalmology, Scott & White Eye Institute, Temple, Texas, United States.,Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, Texas, United States
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6
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Lyu Y, Xu WQ, Sun LJ, Pan XY, Zhang J, Wang YS. Effect of integrin α5β1 inhibition on SDF-l/CXCR4-mediated choroidal neovascularization. Int J Ophthalmol 2018; 11:726-735. [PMID: 29862169 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2018.05.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the roles of integrins in choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and their associations with the stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1)/CXCR4 axis. METHODS CNV lesions were induced in mice using laser photocoagulation. After CNV induction, all animals were randomly assigned to: control, SDF-1, SDF-1+age-related macular degeneration (AMD) 3100 (CXCR4 inhibitor), and SDF-1+ATN161 (integrin α5β1 inhibitor) groups; their effects on CNV progression were observed using hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) grading and optical coherence tomography (OCT), and their effects on CXCR4/integrin α5 expression were evaluated using Western blot and double immunofluorescence staining. Hypoxia-exposed endothelial cells (ECs) were used to simulate CNV in vitro, they were treated with SDF-1, combined with CXCR4 siRNA/AMD3100 or ATN161, and expression of integrin α5, cell migration and tube formation were analyzed. RESULTS Integrin subunit α5 increased at 3rd and 7th day and decreased at 14th day in CNV mice, with no significant change of β1-integrin. CXCR4 expression in CNV mice had persistent increase within 14d after induction. SDF-1 treatment significantly promoted the CNV progression during 3-14d. The mean CNV length in AMD3100 and ATN161 group at day 7 was 270.13 and 264.23 µm in HE images, significantly lower than the mean length in SDF-1 (345.70 µm) group. AMD3100 and ATN161 also significantly reduced thickness and leakage of CNV induced by SDF-1. Mean integrin α5 positive area in SDF-1 group reached 2.31×104 µm2, significantly higher than control (1.25×104 µm2), which decreased to 1.78×104 µm2 after AMD3100 treatment. About 61.36% of ECs in CNV lesions expressed α5 in SDF-1 group, which significantly decreased to 43.12% after AMD3100 treatment. In vitro, integrin α5 peaked by 6 folds after 6h of hypoxia exposure and CXCR4 gradually increased by up to 2.3 folds after 24h of hypoxia. Approximately 25.12% of ECs expressed integrin α5 after SDF-1 stimulation, which decreased to 7.2%-9.5% after si-CXCR4 or AMD3100 treatment. ATN161 exerted an inhibitory effect comparable to that of si-CXCR4 on EC migration and tube formation in the presence of SDF-1. CONCLUSION SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling induces integrin α5β1 expression in ECs to promote CNV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lyu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of China PLA, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, General Hospital of Lanzhou Military Command, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu Province, China
| | - Wen-Qin Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of China PLA, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Li-Juan Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of China PLA, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Pan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of China PLA, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yu-Sheng Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of China PLA, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
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7
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Nie C, Zhang MN, Zhao HW, Olsen TD, Jackman K, Hu LN, Ma WP, Chen XF, Wang J, Zhang Y, Gao TS, Uehara H, Ambati BK, Luo L. Correlation of in vivo and in vitro methods in measuring choroidal vascularization volumes using a subretinal injection induced choroidal neovascularization model. Chin Med J (Engl) 2016; 128:1516-22. [PMID: 26021510 PMCID: PMC4733772 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.157681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In vivo quantification of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) based on noninvasive optical coherence tomography (OCT) examination and in vitro choroidal flatmount immunohistochemistry stained of CNV currently were used to evaluate the process and severity of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) both in human and animal studies. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between these two methods in murine CNV models induced by subretinal injection. METHODS CNV was developed in 20 C57BL6/j mice by subretinal injection of adeno-associated viral delivery of a short hairpin RNA targeting sFLT-1 (AAV.shRNA.sFLT-1), as reported previously. After 4 weeks, CNV was imaged by OCT and fluorescence angiography. The scaling factors for each dimension, x, y, and z (μm/pixel) were recorded, and the corneal curvature standard was adjusted from human (7.7) to mice (1.4). The volume of each OCT image stack was calculated and then normalized by multiplying the number of voxels by the scaling factors for each dimension in Seg3D software (University of Utah Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute, available at http://www.sci.utah.edu/cibc-software/seg3d.html). Eighteen mice were prepared for choroidal flatmounts and stained by CD31. The CNV volumes were calculated using scanning laser confocal microscopy after immunohistochemistry staining. Two mice were stained by Hematoxylin and Eosin for observing the CNV morphology. RESULTS The CNV volume calculated using OCT was, on average, 2.6 times larger than the volume calculated using the laser confocal microscopy. The correlation statistical analysis showed OCT measuring of CNV correlated significantly with the in vitro method (R 2 =0.448, P = 0.001, n = 18). The correlation coefficient for CNV quantification using OCT and confocal microscopy was 0.693 (n = 18, P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS There is a fair linear correlation on CNV volumes between in vivo and in vitro methods in CNV models induced by subretinal injection. The result might provide a useful evaluation of CNV both for the studies using CNV models induced by subretinal injection and human AMD studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ling Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, The 306th Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100101, China
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8
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Li T, Aredo B, Zhang K, Zhong X, Pulido JS, Wang S, He YG, Huang X, Brekken RA, Ufret-Vincenty RL. Phosphatidylserine (PS) Is Exposed in Choroidal Neovascular Endothelium: PS-Targeting Antibodies Inhibit Choroidal Angiogenesis In Vivo and Ex Vivo. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2016; 56:7137-45. [PMID: 26529048 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.15-17302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) accounts for 90% of cases of severe vision loss in patients with advanced age-related macular degeneration. Identifying new therapeutic targets for CNV may lead to novel combination therapies to improve outcomes and reduce treatment burden. Our goal was to test whether phosphatidylserine (PS) becomes exposed in the outer membrane of choroidal neovascular endothelium, and whether this could provide a new therapeutic target for CNV. METHODS Choroidal neovascularization was induced in C57BL/6J mice using laser photocoagulation. Choroidal neovascularization lesions costained for exposed PS and for intercellular adhesion molecule 2 (or isolectin B4) were imaged in flat mounts and in cross sections. The laser CNV model and a choroidal sprouting assay were used to test the effect of PS-targeting antibodies on choroidal angiogenesis. Choroidal neovascularization lesion size was determined by intercellular adhesion molecule 2 (ICAM-2) staining of flat mounts. RESULTS We found that PS was exposed in CNV lesions and colocalized with vascular endothelial staining. Treatment with PS-targeting antibodies led to a 40% to 80% reduction in CNV lesion area when compared to treatment with a control antibody. The effect was the same as that seen using an equal dose of an anti-VEGF antibody. Results were confirmed using the choroid sprouting assay, an ex vivo model of choroidal angiogenesis. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that PS is exposed in choroidal neovascular endothelium. Furthermore, targeting this exposed PS with antibodies may be of therapeutic value in CNV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Department of Ophthalmology University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States 2Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of Chi
| | - Bogale Aredo
- Department of Ophthalmology University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States
| | - Kaiyan Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States 3Department of Ophthalmology, Hainan Provincial People's Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhong
- Department of Ophthalmology University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States
| | - Jose S Pulido
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
| | - Shusheng Wang
- Departments of Cell and Molecular Biology and Ophthalmology, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
| | - Yu-Guang He
- Department of Ophthalmology University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States
| | - Xianming Huang
- Department of Pharmacology and the Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States
| | - Rolf A Brekken
- Department of Pharmacology and the Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States 7Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United
| | - Rafael L Ufret-Vincenty
- Department of Ophthalmology University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States
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9
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Alnawaiseh M, Rosentreter A, Hillmann A, Alex AF, Niekämper D, Heiduschka P, Pap T, Eter N. OCT angiography in the mouse: A novel evaluation method for vascular pathologies of the mouse retina. Exp Eye Res 2016; 145:417-423. [PMID: 26946073 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2016.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the application of optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography in the retinas of healthy mice and to evaluate choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in a mouse model of laser-induced CNV. METHODS C57BL/6J mice aged 18-25 weeks were examined using the spectral-domain optical coherence tomography device RTVue XR Avanti (Optovue, Inc, Fremont, California, USA). Blood flow in different retinal layers was detected using the split-spectrum amplitude-decorrelation angiography algorithm. Fluorescein angiography (FA) images were obtained using the Heidelberg Spectralis device (Heidelberg, Germany). RESULTS Using the RTVue XR Avanti, we were able to obtain high-quality OCT angiography images of normal vasculature in the superficial, deep capillary and choriocapillary layers in laser-treated mice and untreated controls. Whereas no blood flow was detectable in the outer retina of untreated mice, blood flow and hence neovascular vessels were found in laser-treated mice. CONCLUSIONS OCT angiography can clearly visualize the normal vascular plexus in the different retinal layers in the mouse retina and choroid. With OCT angiography, it is possible to verify the choroidal neovascularization induced by laser treatment. Thus, OCT angiography is a helpful imaging tool for non-invasive, in vivo evaluation of laser-induced CNV in the mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maged Alnawaiseh
- Dept. of Ophthalmology, University of Muenster Medical Center, Muenster, Germany; Institute of Experimental Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Muenster Medical Center, Muenster, Germany.
| | - André Rosentreter
- Dept. of Ophthalmology, University of Muenster Medical Center, Muenster, Germany; Dept. of Ophthalmology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anja Hillmann
- Institute of Experimental Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Muenster Medical Center, Muenster, Germany
| | - Anne F Alex
- Dept. of Ophthalmology, University of Muenster Medical Center, Muenster, Germany
| | - Daniel Niekämper
- Dept. of Ophthalmology, University of Muenster Medical Center, Muenster, Germany
| | - Peter Heiduschka
- Dept. of Ophthalmology, University of Muenster Medical Center, Muenster, Germany
| | - Thomas Pap
- Institute of Experimental Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Muenster Medical Center, Muenster, Germany
| | - Nicole Eter
- Dept. of Ophthalmology, University of Muenster Medical Center, Muenster, Germany
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Liu W, Li H, Shah RS, Shu X, Linsenmeier RA, Fawzi AA, Zhang HF. Simultaneous optical coherence tomography angiography and fluorescein angiography in rodents with normal retina and laser-induced choroidal neovascularization. OPTICS LETTERS 2015; 40:5782-5. [PMID: 26670511 PMCID: PMC6711669 DOI: 10.1364/ol.40.005782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescein angiography (FA) is the current clinical imaging standard for vascular related retinal diseases such as macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy. However, FA is considered invasive and can provide only two-dimensional imaging. In comparison, optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is noninvasive and can generate three-dimensional imaging; investigations of OCTA already demonstrated great promise in retinal vascular imaging. Yet, to further develop and apply OCTA, strengths and weaknesses between OCTA and FA need to be thoroughly compared. To avoid complications in image registration, an ideal comparison requires co-registered and simultaneous imaging by both FA and OCTA. In this Letter, we developed a system with integrated laser-scanning ophthalmoscope FA (SLO-FA) and OCTA, and conducted simultaneous dual-modality retinal vascular imaging in rodents. In imaging healthy rodent eyes, OCTA can resolve retinal capillaries better than SLO-FA does, particularly deep capillaries. In imaging rodent eyes with laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV), OCTA can identify CNV that eludes SLO-FA detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhong Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Ronil S. Shah
- Department of Ophthalmology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Xiao Shu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Robert A. Linsenmeier
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - Amani A. Fawzi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Hao F. Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
- Corresponding author:
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11
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Sulaiman RS, Quigley J, Qi X, O'Hare MN, Grant MB, Boulton ME, Corson TW. A Simple Optical Coherence Tomography Quantification Method for Choroidal Neovascularization. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2015; 31:447-54. [PMID: 26060878 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2015.0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Therapeutic efficacy is routinely assessed by measurement of lesion size using flatmounted choroids and confocal microscopy in the laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (L-CNV) rodent model. We investigated whether optical coherence tomography (OCT) quantification, using an ellipsoid volume measurement, was comparable to standard ex vivo evaluation methods for this model and whether this approach could be used to monitor treatment-related lesion changes. METHODS Bruch's membrane was ruptured by argon laser in the dilated eyes of C57BL/6J mice, followed by intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF164 or vehicle, or no injection. In vivo OCT images were acquired using Micron III or InVivoVue systems at 7, 10, and/or 14 days post-laser and neovascular lesion volume was calculated as an ellipsoid. Subsequently, lesion volume was compared to that calculated from confocal Z-stack images of agglutinin-stained choroidal flatmounts. RESULTS Ellipsoid volume measurement of orthogonal 2-dimensional OCT images obtained from different imaging systems correlated with ex vivo lesion volumes for L-CNV (Spearman's ρ=0.82, 0.75, and 0.82 at days 7, 10, and 14, respectively). Ellipsoid volume calculation allowed temporal monitoring and evaluation of CNV lesions in response to antivascular endothelial growth factor treatment. CONCLUSIONS Ellipsoid volume measurements allow rapid, quantitative use of OCT for the assessment of CNV lesions in vivo. This novel method can be used with different OCT imaging systems with sensitivity to distinguish between treatment conditions. It may serve as a useful adjunct to the standard ex vivo confocal quantification, to assess therapeutic efficacy in preclinical models of CNV, and in models of other ocular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania S Sulaiman
- 1 Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis, Indiana.,2 Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis, Indiana.,3 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis, Indiana.,4 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University , Cairo, Egypt
| | - Judith Quigley
- 1 Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis, Indiana.,2 Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Xiaoping Qi
- 1 Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis, Indiana.,2 Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Michael N O'Hare
- 1 Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis, Indiana.,2 Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis, Indiana.,5 School of Biomedical Science, University of Ulster , Coleraine, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Maria B Grant
- 1 Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis, Indiana.,2 Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Michael E Boulton
- 1 Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis, Indiana.,2 Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Timothy W Corson
- 1 Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis, Indiana.,2 Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis, Indiana.,3 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis, Indiana.,6 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis, Indiana.,7 Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center , Indianapolis, Indiana
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12
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Berger A, Cavallero S, Dominguez E, Barbe P, Simonutti M, Sahel JA, Sennlaub F, Raoul W, Paques M, Bemelmans AP. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography of the rodent eye: highlighting layers of the outer retina using signal averaging and comparison with histology. PLoS One 2014; 9:e96494. [PMID: 24788712 PMCID: PMC4008571 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) is a widely used method to observe retinal layers and follow pathological events in human. Recently, this technique has been adapted for animal imaging. This non-invasive technology brings a cross-sectional visualization of the retina, which permits to observe precisely each layer. There is a clear expansion of the use of this imaging modality in rodents, thus, a precise characterization of the different outer retinal layers observed by SD-OCT is now necessary to make the most of this technology. The identification of the inner strata until the outer nuclear layer has already been clearly established, while the attribution of the layers observed by SD-OCT to the structures corresponding to photoreceptors segments and retinal pigment epithelium is much more questionable. To progress in the understanding of experimental SD-OCT imaging, we developed a method for averaging SD-OCT data to generate a mean image allowing to better delineate layers in the retina of pigmented and albino strains of mice and rats. It allowed us to locate precisely the interface between photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelium and to identify unambiguously four layers corresponding to the inner and outer parts of photoreceptors segments. We show that the thickness of the various layers can be measured as accurately in vivo on SD-OCT images, than post-mortem by a morphometric analysis of histological sections. We applied SD-OCT to different models and demonstrated that it allows analysis of focal or diffuse retinal pathological processes such as mutation-dependant damages or light-driven modification of photoreceptors. Moreover, we report a new method of combined use of SD-OCT and integration to quantify laser-induced choroidal neovascularization. In conclusion, we clearly demonstrated that SD-OCT represents a valuable tool for imaging the rodent retina that is at least as accurate as histology, non-invasive and allows longitudinal follow-up of the same animal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeline Berger
- Inserm, U 968, Paris, France
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 968, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Cavallero
- Inserm, U 968, Paris, France
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 968, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France
| | - Elisa Dominguez
- Inserm, U 968, Paris, France
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 968, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France
| | - Peggy Barbe
- Inserm, U 968, Paris, France
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 968, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France
| | - Manuel Simonutti
- Inserm, U 968, Paris, France
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 968, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France
| | - José-Alain Sahel
- Inserm, U 968, Paris, France
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 968, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France
- Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, INSERM-DHOS CIC 503, Paris, France
| | - Florian Sennlaub
- Inserm, U 968, Paris, France
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 968, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France
| | - William Raoul
- Inserm, U 968, Paris, France
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 968, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France
| | - Michel Paques
- Inserm, U 968, Paris, France
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 968, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France
- Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, INSERM-DHOS CIC 503, Paris, France
| | - Alexis-Pierre Bemelmans
- Inserm, U 968, Paris, France
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 968, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France
- CEA, DSV, IBM, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- CNRS, CEA URA 2210, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- * E-mail:
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13
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Machalińska A, Lejkowska R, Duchnik M, Kawa M, Rogińska D, Wiszniewska B, Machaliński B. Dose-dependent retinal changes following sodium iodate administration: application of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography for monitoring of retinal injury and endogenous regeneration. Curr Eye Res 2014; 39:1033-41. [PMID: 24661221 DOI: 10.3109/02713683.2014.892996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the progression of acute retinal injury by correlating histological sections with in vivo spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) images. METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice were treated intravenously with two different sodium iodate (NaIO3) doses (35 mg/kg or 15 mg/kg). In vivo SD-OCT was performed up to 3 months post-injury. Ex vivo retinal histology, TUNEL and IsolectinB4 immunostaining were also conducted. Quantitative comparison of histopathological images and SD-OCT images was performed. RESULTS SD-OCT examination revealed that administration of 35 mg/kg NaIO3 was associated with progressive and irreversible retinal degeneration. On day 3 post-injury, we found numerous apoptotic cells in the outer nuclear layer (ONL) that strongly corresponded to hyper-reflective areas in the SD-OCT images. At 7 d post-injury, SD-OCT images showed irregular-shaped patterns of hyper-reflectivity in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) that corresponded with the accumulation of macrophages phagocytosing melanin granules and cell debris. Additionally, we documented hyper-reflective opacities in the vitreous that were most numerous at 7 d. At 3 months post-injury, the neurosensory retina was significantly thinner, predominantly due to progressive photoreceptor (PR) loss. In contrast, administration of 15 mg/kg NaIO3 did not induce hyper-reflectivity of ONL in SD-OCT images, which indicates a lack of massive PR cell death. At 3 months post-injury, SD-OCT images showed the complete restoration of outer retina lamination and restoration of hyper-reflective structural bands. Histological assessment of retinas acquired after the last SD-OCT imaging session revealed complete regeneration of the RPE and considerable improvement of PR architecture. CONCLUSIONS Our findings showed the high level of effectiveness of SD-OCT imaging for monitoring dynamic changes in retinal morphology following acute retinal injury. Moreover, we demonstrated for the first time that SD-OCT can be used to non-invasively detect regeneration in the damaged retina.
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