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Pfau K, Lengyel I, Ossewaarde-van Norel J, van Leeuwen R, Risseeuw S, Leftheriotis G, Scholl HPN, Feltgen N, Holz FG, Pfau M. Pseudoxanthoma elasticum - Genetics, pathophysiology, and clinical presentation. Prog Retin Eye Res 2024; 102:101274. [PMID: 38815804 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2024.101274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is an autosomal-recessively inherited multisystem disease. Mutations in the ABCC6-gene are causative, coding for a transmembrane transporter mainly expressed in hepatocytes, which promotes the efflux of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). This results in low levels of plasma inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi), a critical anti-mineralization factor. The clinical phenotype of PXE is characterized by the effects of elastic fiber calcification in the skin, the cardiovascular system, and the eyes. In the eyes, calcification of Bruch's membrane results in clinically visible lesions, including peau d'orange, angioid streaks, and comet tail lesions. Frequently, patients must be treated for secondary macular neovascularization. No effective therapy is available for treating the cause of PXE, but several promising approaches are emerging. Finding appropriate outcome measures remains a significant challenge for clinical trials in this slowly progressive disease. This review article provides an in-depth summary of the current understanding of PXE and its multi-systemic manifestations. The article offers a detailed overview of the ocular manifestations, including their morphological and functional consequences, as well as potential complications. Lastly, previous and future clinical trials of causative treatments for PXE are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Pfau
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Imre Lengyel
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Redmer van Leeuwen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Sara Risseeuw
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Georges Leftheriotis
- University Hospital Nice, Vascular Physiology and Medicine Unit, 06000, Nice, France
| | | | - Nicolas Feltgen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Frank G Holz
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Maximilian Pfau
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel, Basel, Basel-Stadt, Switzerland
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Cicinelli MV, Ramtohul P, Bianco L, Introini U, Bandello F, Freund KB, Battaglia Parodi M. Prevalence, Features, and Outcomes of Type 1 Neovascularization in Eyes with Angioid Streaks. Ophthalmol Retina 2024:S2468-6530(24)00364-6. [PMID: 39127109 DOI: 10.1016/j.oret.2024.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to delineate the characteristics, prevalence, and outcomes of neovascularization (NV), particularly aneurysmal type 1 NV, in patients with angioid streaks (AS) secondary to pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE), and to introduce a clinical classification based on multimodal imaging. DESIGN Retrospective longitudinal cohort study. PARTICIPANTS Eighty-five patients (168 eyes) with AS secondary to PXE at 2 tertiary referral centers. METHODS Data collection included demographic, medical, and ocular histories. Diagnostic methods comprised fundus photography, autofluorescence, indocyanine green angiography, OCT, and OCT angiography. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Prevalence of type 1 NV, visual acuity (VA), risk of exudation. RESULTS Type 1 NV was identified in 127 eyes (76%), with 85 of these (67%) showing exclusively type 1 NV. These lesions often originated around the disc, at sites of Bruch membrane dehiscences, and followed the path of AS, extending to the macula in 101 eyes (80%). Despite 65% of type 1 NV remaining nonexudative, 35% evolved into exudative over 5 years, and 11 eyes experienced midperipheral subretinal hemorrhages. Aneurysmal dilations, observed in 57% of eyes, substantially increased exudation risk (hazard ratio = 3.86, P = 0.02). Despite treatment, VA significantly deteriorated in exudative type 1 NV (P = 0.02). Type 2 NV, detected in 42 eyes (33%), often coexisted with type 1 NV and was associated with poorer visual outcomes and higher rates of macular atrophy. A classification of AS was developed, ranging from empty AS (stage 0, no NV) to advanced NV (stage 3, both type 1 and type 2 NV). CONCLUSIONS Type 1 NV predominates in AS. Although predominantly nonexudative, its progression correlates with substantial visual impairment, similar to the deficits observed with type 2 NV. Aneurysmal type 1 NV poses a significant exudation risk, underscoring the need for vigilant monitoring. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S) Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vittoria Cicinelli
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
| | - Prithvi Ramtohul
- Ophthalmology Department, Hopital Nord, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Lorenzo Bianco
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Ugo Introini
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Bandello
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - K Bailey Freund
- Vitreous Retina Macula Consultants of New York, New York, New York; Department of Ophthalmology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Maurizio Battaglia Parodi
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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Laghi A, Mandel VD, Zubba I, Franceschini C, Demofonte I, Chello C, Miraglia E, Ardigò M, Giustini S. Comprehensive analysis of pseudoxanthoma elasticum: epidemiological, genetic, and clinical findings from the leading Italian center. Ital J Dermatol Venerol 2024; 159:430-435. [PMID: 39069841 DOI: 10.23736/s2784-8671.24.07949-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is a rare genetic autosomal recessive metabolic disease characterized by progressive mineralization and fragmentation of elastic fibers from soft connective tissues. The objective of our study was to analyze the epidemiological, genetic, cutaneous, and extracutaneous clinical data from the largest Italian monocentric cohort of PXE patients. METHODS We included all patients diagnosed with PXE and referred to Neurocutaneous Rare Diseases at Umberto I Polyclinic Hospital (Rome, Italy) between January 1983 and February 2024. A retrospective analysis of their data was performed. RESULTS We enrolled 86 patients (77.9% women), revealing compound heterozygosity in 19.8% of cases and homozygosity in 5.8%. Missense (34.9%), non-sense (5.8%), splice-site (5.8%), deletion (4.7%), and frameshift (2.3%) mutations were disclosed. Cutaneous alterations were noted in the neck (69.7%), axilla (33.7%), inguinal (17.5%), and cubital folds (11.7%). The most common ocular findings were angioid streaks (64.0%) and choroidal neovascularization (18.6%), with blindness reported in 5.8% of cases. Thicker intima-media was observed around the mid-fifties in the supra-aortic trunks (40.7%), lower limb arteries (32.6%), and renal arteries (4.7%). Regurgitation was more common in atrioventricular valves (48.8%) than in semilunar ones (10.5% and 9.3%). Dyslipidemia (19.8%), hypertension (18.8%), and fatty liver disease (12.8%) were prevalent, with calcifications found in the kidneys (25.6%), liver (15.1%), spleen (11.6%), and testicles (8.1% of males). Autoimmune diseases and depression were observed in 11.6% and 4.7% of cases, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Enhanced understanding of PXE can improve patients' quality of life and facilitate the development of more effective therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Laghi
- Unit of Dermatology and STDs, Department of Medicine, Celio Military Hospital, Rome, Italy -
- Unit of Dermatology, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy -
| | - Victor D Mandel
- Unit of Porphyria and Rare Diseases, IRCCS San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Zubba
- Unit of Dermatology, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Franceschini
- Unit of Porphyria and Rare Diseases, IRCCS San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Demofonte
- Unit of Dermatology, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Camilla Chello
- Unit of Dermatology, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Miraglia
- Department of Dermatology, San Sebastiano Hospital, Frascati, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Ardigò
- Unit of Porphyria and Rare Diseases, IRCCS San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, Rome, Italy
- Unit of Dermatology, IRCCS Humanitas Clinic, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Sandra Giustini
- Unit of Dermatology, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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Velez-Montoya R, Osorio-Landa HK, Franco-Ramirez KC, Martínez-Pacheco V, Ramirez-Estudillo JA, Rosales-Padrón JF, Ledesma-Gil G, Fromow-Guerra J. Long-term functional, anatomical outcome, and qualitative analysis by OCTA, as a predictor of disease recurrences in patients with choroidal neovascularization secondary to angioid streaks. Int J Retina Vitreous 2024; 10:53. [PMID: 39075569 DOI: 10.1186/s40942-024-00568-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To report the risk of exudation recurrence and long-term outcomes in patients with choroidal neovascularization secondary to angioid streaks, according to its morphology and characteristics by optical coherence tomography angiography. METHODS Retrospective analysis of electronic medical records from three hospitals. We enrolled patients with a clinical diagnosis of angioid streaks choroidal neovascularization that had a minimum follow-up of 12 months. From each record, we extracted general demographic data, best corrected visual acuity (baseline, before and after each disease recurrence and last on file), type of treatment, time between last intravitreal injection and disease recurrence, and classification of the neovascular lesion morphology by optical coherence tomography, and optical coherence tomography angiography. Patients with myopic choroidal neovascularization were used as controls. Interobserver agreement was assessed with a Cohen-Kappa test. The Odds ratio was calculated with a chi2 test for significance. Visual acuity change through time was evaluated with an ANOVA for repeated measurements with an alpha value of 0.05 for statistical significance. RESULTS We enrolled 30 patients in the study group and 14 in the control group. In the study group, the baseline and final BCVA were 0.861 ± 0.59 and 1.095 ± 0.61 logMAR (p = 0.1) respectively. CONTROL GROUP 1.045 ± 0.57 and 0.617 ± 0.53 logMAR (p < 0.05). In the study group, the predominant CNV type by OCTA was mixed (37%), and interlacing (57%) in the control group. Mixed and cog-wheel patterns at baseline had increased Odds for recurrence in the study group (p = 0.09). Patients in the study group required more intravitreal injections on each recurrence episode to achieve disease control (3.5 ± 1.5 vs.1.4 ± 0.2, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The benefits of anti-VEGF treatment are lost over time in patients with angioid streaks and CNV. Lesion characteristics by optical coherence tomography angiography could help physicians predict the risk of recurrence. TRIAL REGISTRATION Retrospective registered, and IRB approved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul Velez-Montoya
- Retina Department, Asociación para Evitar le Ceguera en México IAP, #46 Vicente García Torres Street, San Lucas Coyacan, Mexico City, 04030, Mexico.
| | - Hillary K Osorio-Landa
- Retina Department, Asociación para Evitar le Ceguera en México IAP, #46 Vicente García Torres Street, San Lucas Coyacan, Mexico City, 04030, Mexico
| | - K Carolina Franco-Ramirez
- Retina Department, Asociación para Evitar le Ceguera en México IAP, #46 Vicente García Torres Street, San Lucas Coyacan, Mexico City, 04030, Mexico
| | - Victor Martínez-Pacheco
- Retina Department, Hospital de Nuestra Señora de la Luz IAP, Ezequiel Montes #135, Tabacalera, Mexico City, 06030, Mexico
| | - J Abel Ramirez-Estudillo
- Retina Department, Hospital de Nuestra Señora de la Luz IAP, Ezequiel Montes #135, Tabacalera, Mexico City, 06030, Mexico
| | | | - Gerardo Ledesma-Gil
- Retina Department, Instituto Fundacion Conde de Valenciana, Chimalpopoca #14, Centro, Mexico City, 06800, Mexico
| | - Jans Fromow-Guerra
- Retina Department, Asociación para Evitar le Ceguera en México IAP, #46 Vicente García Torres Street, San Lucas Coyacan, Mexico City, 04030, Mexico
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Oyeniran E, Wiley H, Bellur S, Sen HN, Ferreira CR, Chew EY, Kodati S. EXTENSIVE SUBRETINAL FIBROSIS ASSOCIATED WITH PSEUDOXANTHOMA ELASTICUM. Retin Cases Brief Rep 2024; 18:512-516. [PMID: 36996445 PMCID: PMC11340264 DOI: 10.1097/icb.0000000000001425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to report an unusual case of pseudoxanthoma elasticum presenting with an inflammatory phenotype associated with atypical and rapidly progressive subretinal fibrosis. METHODS This was an observational case report. RESULTS A patient with a history of pseudoxanthoma elasticum presented with rapidly progressive subretinal fibrosis, particularly in the left eye, over the course of one year. The patient was noted at presentation to have intraocular inflammation, outer retinal attenuation, multifocal choroiditis-like lesions, and intraretinal fluid (in the absence of obvious clinical or angiographic signs of exudative choroidal neovascular membranes). An ocular inflammatory phenotype was diagnosed, and the patient was treated with a combination of local steroids and systemic corticosteroids/immunomodulatory agents. After initiation of these agents, the patient demonstrated functional and structural improvement, with partial outer retinal reconstitution, decreased intraretinal fluid, and lack of further progression of subretinal fibrosis. CONCLUSION This report describes an inflammatory phenotype of pseudoxanthoma elasticum associated with severe and atypical subretinal fibrosis. This case expands upon the currently known spectrum of inflammatory phenotypes associated with pseudoxanthoma elasticum. Treatment with corticosteroids or immunomodulatory treatment should be considered in similar cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enny Oyeniran
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Henry Wiley
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sunil Bellur
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - H. Nida Sen
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Carlos R. Ferreira
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Emily Y. Chew
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Shilpa Kodati
- National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Dias MQ, Gouveia N, Félix R, Estrela-Silva S, Cabral D, Carvalho AL, Murta J, Silva R, Marques JP. Mutational spectrum and deep phenotyping in Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum: Findings from a Portuguese cohort. Eur J Ophthalmol 2024:11206721241247676. [PMID: 38602027 DOI: 10.1177/11206721241247676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum (PXE) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder originated by disease-causing variants in ABCC6 gene. The purpose of this study was to characterize the genetic landscape, phenotypic spectrum and genotype-phenotype correlations in a Portuguese cohort of PXE patients. METHODS Multicentric cross-sectional study conducted in patients with a clinical and genetic diagnosis of PXE. Patients were identified using the IRD-PT registry (www.retina.com.pt). Genotypes were classified into 3 groups: (1) two truncating variants, (2) two non-truncating variants, or (3) mixed variants. Deep phenotyping comprised a comprehensive ophthalmologic and systemic evaluation using the updated Phenodex Score (PS). RESULTS Twenty-seven patients (23 families) were included. Sixteen different ABCC6 variants were identified, 7 of which are novel. The most prevalent variant was the nonsense variant c.3421C > T p.(Arg1141*) with an allele frequency of 18.5%. All patients exhibited ocular manifestations. Cutaneous manifestations were present in most patients (88.9%, n = 24/27). A PS score > E2 was strongly associated with worse visual acuity (B = -29.02; p = 0.001). No association was found between genotypic groups and cutaneous, vascular or cardiac manifestations. CONCLUSIONS This study describes the genetic spectrum of patients with PXE for the first time in a Portuguese cohort. A total of 16 different variants in ABCC6 were found (7 of which are novel), thus highlighting the genotypic heterogeneity associated with this condition and expanding its mutational spectrum. Still, no major genotype-phenotype associations could be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Q Dias
- Ophthalmology Unit, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Nuno Gouveia
- Ophthalmology Unit, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Raquel Félix
- Ophthalmology Unit, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sérgio Estrela-Silva
- Ophthalmology Unit, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de São João (CHUSJ), Porto, Portugal
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Diogo Cabral
- Ophthalmology Unit, Hospital Garcia de Orta (HGO), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Luísa Carvalho
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal
- Medical Genetics Unit, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
- University Clinic of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joaquim Murta
- Ophthalmology Unit, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal
- University Clinic of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rufino Silva
- Ophthalmology Unit, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal
- University Clinic of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Pedro Marques
- Ophthalmology Unit, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal
- University Clinic of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra (FMUC), Coimbra, Portugal
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Sacconi R, Fragiotta S, Sarraf D, Sadda SR, Freund KB, Parravano M, Corradetti G, Cabral D, Capuano V, Miere A, Costanzo E, Bandello F, Souied E, Querques G. Towards a better understanding of non-exudative choroidal and macular neovascularization. Prog Retin Eye Res 2023; 92:101113. [PMID: 35970724 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2022.101113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Non-exudative macular and choroidal neovascularization (MNV and CNV) usually refers to the entity of treatment-naïve type 1 neovascularization in the absence of associated signs of exudation. Histopathological studies, dating back in the early 70s, identified the presence of non-exudative MNV, but the first clinical report of this finding was in the late 90s using indocyanine green angiography in eyes with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). With more advanced retinal imaging, there has been an ever increasing appreciation of non-exudative MNV associated with AMD and CNV with other macular disorders. However, consensus regarding the exact definition and the clinical management of this entity is lacking. Furthermore, there may be variation in the imaging features and clinical course suggesting that a spectrum of disease may exist. Herein, we review the large body of published work that has provided a better understanding of non-exudative MNV and CNV in the last decade. The prevalence, multimodal imaging features, clinical course, and response to treatment are discussed to elucidate further key insights about this entity. Based on these observations, this review also proposes a new theory about the origin and course of different sub-types of non-exudative MNV/CNV which can have different etiologies and pathways according to the clinical context of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Sacconi
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Division of Head and Neck, Ophthalmology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Serena Fragiotta
- UniCamillus-Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Rome, Italy
| | - David Sarraf
- Retinal Disorders and Ophthalmic Genetics Division, Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - SriniVas R Sadda
- Doheny Eye Institute, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - K Bailey Freund
- Vitreous Retina Macula Consultants of New York, New York, NY, United States; Department of Ophthalmology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Giulia Corradetti
- Doheny Eye Institute, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Diogo Cabral
- Vitreous Retina Macula Consultants of New York, New York, NY, United States; Department of Ophthalmology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Vittorio Capuano
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Intercommunal de Creteil, University Paris Est Creteil, Creteil, France
| | - Alexandra Miere
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Intercommunal de Creteil, University Paris Est Creteil, Creteil, France
| | | | - Francesco Bandello
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Division of Head and Neck, Ophthalmology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Eric Souied
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Intercommunal de Creteil, University Paris Est Creteil, Creteil, France
| | - Giuseppe Querques
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Division of Head and Neck, Ophthalmology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
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Kyo A, Yamamoto M, Honda S. A case of angioid streaks that produced choroidal neovascularization after the onset of unilateral acute retinopathy in pseudoxanthoma elasticum. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2022; 27:101591. [PMID: 35637751 PMCID: PMC9142549 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2022.101591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Observations Conclusions and importance
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9
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Charbel Issa P, Hess K. The complexity of visual dysfunction in patients with pseudoxanthoma elasticum. Eye (Lond) 2022; 36:492-494. [PMID: 34862446 PMCID: PMC8873307 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-021-01858-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Charbel Issa
- Oxford Eye Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom.
- Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
| | - Kristina Hess
- Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Applications, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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