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Guo S, Zhou Y, Xi S, Zhao C, Wen W. Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of acute acquired comitant esotropia. Int Ophthalmol 2024; 44:315. [PMID: 38967725 PMCID: PMC11226514 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-024-03231-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Acute acquired comitant esotropia (AACE) is mainly characterized by sudden onset, accompanied by diplopia, without extraocular muscles paralysis or ocular motility disorders. In recent years, the incidence of AACE has been increasing, researchers have found that this phenomenon may be related to the widespread use of electronic devices and the increase in the number of people working from home during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, its neural mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. This article primarily reviews the latest developments in the diagnosis and treatment of AACE from the perspectives of etiology and treatment methods, aiming to provide direction for future in-depth exploration of the pathogenesis and treatment approaches of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyang Guo
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye and ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yulian Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye and ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sida Xi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye and ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye and ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wen Wen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye and ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Wu Q, Zhou G, Xu X, Liu B, Fu Q, Zhang J, Zhang P, Bai R, Meng F, Chen M. Exploring Superselective Intraarterial Thrombolysis for Autologous Fat Injection-Induced Vision Loss. Aesthet Surg J 2024; 44:NP337-NP346. [PMID: 38299361 DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjae005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intravascular injection represents the most severe complication in fat transplantation procedures. Currently, the prognosis for patients who suffer from blindness due to fat transplantation-induced ocular vascular occlusion is far from optimistic. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to explore and evaluate the efficacy and safety of arterial thrombolysis in the treatment of ocular vascular occlusion caused by fat transplantation. METHODS We analyzed the data of 12 patients who underwent intraarterial thrombolysis and conservative treatments for facial autologous fat grafting-associated ocular vascular occlusion. Among the cases, there were 6 instances of ophthalmic artery embolism and 6 cases of central retinal artery occlusion. All patients suffered with sudden blindness, sometimes accompanied by eye pain, ptosis, strabismus, skin necrosis at the injection site, or cerebral microinfarction. They received symptomatic conservative treatments and intraarterial thrombolysis, encompassing mechanical vessel recanalization, vessel dilation, and dissolution of thrombus constituents. RESULTS Following intraarterial thrombolysis, a noteworthy improvement in the blood flow of both the main trunk and peripheral branches of the ophthalmic artery was observed in the majority of patients when contrasted with their pretreatment status. One patient experienced a headache intraoperatively, while no significant discomfort was reported by the remaining patients. After conservative treatments and intraarterial thrombolysis, all patients experienced improvement in ocular symptoms, skin necrosis, and cerebral infarction. Three patients demonstrated improvement in visual acuity. These patients had surpassed the recommended time window for treatment, yet the occlusion of the ophthalmic artery was not complete. CONCLUSIONS Intraarterial thrombolysis combined with conservative treatments achieves early perfusion and is expected to promote visual recovery. Hospitals that possess the necessary treatment capabilities are encouraged to establish this therapeutic pathway.
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Li X, Cao X, Ma F, Jia P, Wang F, Cao X. The correlation between non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy and cerebral infarction. Transl Neurosci 2023; 14:20220281. [PMID: 36949871 PMCID: PMC10025508 DOI: 10.1515/tnsci-2022-0281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to explore the correlation between non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) and cerebral infarction (CI). Moreover, the ocular and systemic parameters are also compared between NAION patients with or without CI. Methods Retrospective analysis is performed for NAION patients and the controls. The controls were collected at the eye outpatient with cranial computed tomography (CT), and data of blood triglyceride, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, and apolipoprotein B were drawn. The diagnosed NAION patients with cranial CT are included, and data of clinical history and routine clinical examination were drawn from the medical record. Visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), visual field, and visual evoked potential were also drawn. Results Eighty-two unilateral and 6 bilateral patients, totally 94 eyes for 88 NAION patients and 69 controls are included. NAION and control patients have matched age, gender, and weight. There is no difference in triglyceride, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, and apolipoprotein B between these two groups. NAION patients (43.18%, 38/88) have a higher ratio of CI than the controls (14.49%, 10/69) (p = 0.000). For NAION, the odds ratio (OR) of CI is 2.691 (p = 0.011). Body mass index, height, and IOP show no significant difference between NAION patients with or without CI. NAION patients with CI have a significant higher ratio of hypertension than those without CI, and the OR of HBP is 2.623 (p = 0.008). Conclusions The correlation between NAION and CI is possible as NAION patients have a significant higher ratio with CI. In NAION patients, hypertension is a risk factor for those with CI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochun Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
- Center of Optometry, Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, 11# Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing100044, China
| | - Xiaolu Cao
- Hebei Ophthalmology Key Lab, Hebei Eye Hospital, No. 399, Quanbei East Street, Xingtai, 054000, Hebei, China
| | - Fenglou Ma
- Center of Optometry, Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, 11# Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing100044, China
| | - Peipei Jia
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei Eye Hospital, No. 399, Quanbei East Street, Xingtai, 054000, Hebei, China
| | - Fuyin Wang
- Department of Radiology, Hebei Eye Hospital, No. 399, Quanbei East Street, Xingtai, 054000, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaoguang Cao
- Center of Optometry, Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People’s Hospital, Eye Diseases and Optometry Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, College of Optometry, Peking University Health Science Center, 11# Xizhimen South Street, Xicheng District, Beijing100044, China
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Lee D, Tomita Y, Miwa Y, Jeong H, Shinojima A, Ban N, Yamaguchi S, Nishioka K, Negishi K, Yoshino J, Kurihara T. Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Protects against Retinal Dysfunction in a Murine Model of Carotid Artery Occlusion. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314711. [PMID: 36499037 PMCID: PMC9741448 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular abnormality-mediated retinal ischemia causes severe visual impairment. Retinal ischemia is involved in enormous pathological processes including oxidative stress, reactive gliosis, and retinal functional deficits. Thus, maintaining retinal function by modulating those pathological processes may prevent or protect against vision loss. Over the decades, nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), a crucial nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) intermediate, has been nominated as a promising therapeutic target in retinal diseases. Nonetheless, a protective effect of NMN has not been examined in cardiovascular diseases-induced retinal ischemia. In our study, we aimed to investigate its promising effect of NMN in the ischemic retina of a murine model of carotid artery occlusion. After surgical unilateral common carotid artery occlusion (UCCAO) in adult male C57BL/6 mice, NMN (500 mg/kg/day) was intraperitoneally injected to mice every day until the end of experiments. Electroretinography and biomolecular assays were utilized to measure ocular functional and further molecular alterations in the retina. We found that UCCAO-induced retinal dysfunction was suppressed, pathological gliosis was reduced, retinal NAD+ levels were preserved, and the expression of an antioxidant molecule (nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2; Nrf2) was upregulated by consecutive administration of NMN. Our present outcomes first suggest a promising NMN therapy for the suppression of cardiovascular diseases-mediated retinal ischemic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deokho Lee
- Laboratory of Photobiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yohei Tomita
- Laboratory of Photobiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Miwa
- Laboratory of Photobiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- Aichi Animal Eye Clinic, Nagoya 466-0827, Japan
| | - Heonuk Jeong
- Laboratory of Photobiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Ari Shinojima
- Laboratory of Photobiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Norimitsu Ban
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Shintaro Yamaguchi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Ken Nishioka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kazuno Negishi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Jun Yoshino
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Toshihide Kurihara
- Laboratory of Photobiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- Correspondence:
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