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Fan Y, Wang J, Ye T, Yang D, Zhang Q, Zhang C, Yan B, Wang Q, Ding D, Chen B, Zou W, Ji D, Zou H, Zhang Z. Application of amphiregulin in IVM culture of immature human oocytes and pre-insemination culture for COCs in IVF cycles. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1428147. [PMID: 38957445 PMCID: PMC11217178 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1428147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Amphiregulin (AR) is a growth factor that resembles the epidermal growth factor (EGF) and serves various functions in different cells. However, no systematic studies or reports on the role of AR in human oocytes have currently been performed or reported. This study aimed to explore the role of AR in human immature oocytes during in vitro maturation (IVM) and in vitro fertilization (IVF) in achieving better embryonic development and to provide a basis for the development of a pre-insemination culture medium specific for cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs). Methods First, we examined the concentration of AR in the follicular fluid (FF) of patients who underwent routine IVF and explored the correlation between AR levels and oocyte maturation and subsequent embryonic development. Second, AR was added to the IVM medium to culture immature oocytes and investigate whether AR could improve the effects of IVM. Finally, we pioneered the use of a fertilization medium supplemented with AR for the pre-insemination culture of COCs to explore whether the involvement of AR can promote the maturation and fertilization of IVF oocytes, as well as subsequent embryonic development. Results A total of 609 FF samples were examined, and a positive correlation between AR levels and blastocyst formation was observed. In our IVM study, the development potential and IVM rate of immature oocytes, as well as the fertilization rate of IVM oocytes in the AR-added groups, were ameliorated significantly compared to the control group (All P < 0.05). Only the IVM-50 group had a significantly higher blastocyst formation rate than the control group (P < 0.05). In the final IVF study, the maturation, fertilization, high-quality embryo, blastocyst formation, and high-quality blastocyst rates of the AR-added group were significantly higher than those of the control group (All P < 0.05). Conclusion AR levels in the FF positively correlated with blastocyst formation, and AR involvement in pre-insemination cultures of COCs can effectively improve laboratory outcomes in IVF. Furthermore, AR can directly promote the in vitro maturation and developmental potential of human immature oocytes at an optimal concentration of 50 ng/ml.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqi Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Tingting Ye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Dandan Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qiqi Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Bo Yan
- Department of Second Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qiushuang Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ding Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Beili Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Weiwei Zou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Dongmei Ji
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Huijuan Zou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Osychenko AA, Zalessky AD, Bachurin AV, Martirosyan DY, Egorova MS, Nadtochenko VA. Stain-free enucleation of mouse and human oocytes with a 1033 nm femtosecond laser. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2024; 29:065002. [PMID: 38812963 PMCID: PMC11133223 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.29.6.065002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Significance Preparation of a recipient cytoplast by oocyte enucleation is an essential task for animal cloning and assisted reproductive technologies in humans. The femtosecond laser is a precise and low-invasive tool for oocyte enucleation, and it should be an appropriate alternative to traditional enucleation by a microneedle aspiration. However, until recently, the laser enucleation was performed only with applying a fluorescent dye. Aim This work is aimed to (1) achieve femtosecond laser oocyte enucleation without applying a fluorescent dye and (2) to study the effect of laser destruction of chromosomes on the structure and dynamics of the spindle. Approach We applied polarized light microscopy for spindle visualization and performed stain-free mouse and human oocyte enucleation with a 1033 nm femtosecond laser. Also, we studied transformation of a spindle after metaphase plate elimination by a confocal microscopy. Results We demonstrated a fundamental possibility of inactivating the metaphase plate in mouse and human oocytes by 1033 nm femtosecond laser radiation without applying a fluorescent dye. Irradiation of the spindle area, visualized by polarized light microscopy, resulted in partly or complete metaphase plate destruction but avoided the microtubules impairment. After the metaphase plate elimination, the spindle reorganized, however, it was not a complete depolymerization. Conclusions This method of recipient cytoplast preparation is expected to be useful for animal cloning and assisted reproductive technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina A. Osychenko
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexandr D. Zalessky
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey V. Bachurin
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Medical Center of ART, Moscow, Russia
| | - David Yu. Martirosyan
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria S. Egorova
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Viktor A. Nadtochenko
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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Hatırnaz Ş, Hatırnaz ES, Ellibeş Kaya A, Hatırnaz K, Soyer Çalışkan C, Sezer Ö, Dokuzeylül Güngor N, Demirel C, Baltacı V, Tan S, Dahan M. Oocyte maturation abnormalities - A systematic review of the evidence and mechanisms in a rare but difficult to manage fertility pheneomina. Turk J Obstet Gynecol 2022; 19:60-80. [PMID: 35343221 PMCID: PMC8966321 DOI: 10.4274/tjod.galenos.2022.76329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A small proportion of infertile women experience repeated oocyte maturation abnormalities (OMAS). OMAS include degenerated and dysmorphic oocytes, empty follicle syndrome, oocyte maturation arrest (OMA), resistant ovary syndrome and maturation defects due to primary ovarian insufficiency. Genetic factors play an important role in OMAS but still need specifications. This review documents the spectrum of OMAS and to evaluate the multiple subtypes classified as OMAS. In this review, readers will be able to understand the oocyte maturation mechanism, gene expression and their regulation that lead to different subtypes of OMAs, and it will discuss the animal and human studies related to OMAS and lastly the treatment options for OMAs. Literature searches using PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence were performed to identify articles written in English focusing on Oocyte Maturation Abnormalities by looking for the following relevant keywords. A search was made with the specified keywords and included books and documents, clinical trials, animal studies, human studies, meta-analysis, randomized controlled trials, reviews, systematic reviews and options written in english. The search detected 3,953 sources published from 1961 to 2021. After title and abstract screening for study type, duplicates and relevancy, 2,914 studies were excluded. The remaining 1,039 records were assessed for eligibility by full-text reading and 886 records were then excluded. Two hundred and twenty seven full-text articles and 0 book chapters from the database were selected for inclusion. Overall, 227 articles, one unpublished and one abstract paper were included in this final review. In this review study, OMAS were classified and extensively evaluatedand possible treatment options under the light of current information, present literature and ongoing studies. Either genetic studies or in vitro maturation studies that will be handled in the future will lead more informations to be reached and may make it possible to obtain pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şafak Hatırnaz
- Medicana Samsun International Hospital, In Vitro Fertilization-In Vitro Maturation Unit, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Ebru Saynur Hatırnaz
- Medicana Samsun International Hospital, In Vitro Fertilization-In Vitro Maturation Unit, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Aşkı Ellibeş Kaya
- Private Office, Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology Specialist, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Kaan Hatırnaz
- Ondokuz Mayıs University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Canan Soyer Çalışkan
- University of Health Sciences Turkey, Samsun Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Özlem Sezer
- University of Health Sciences Turkey, Samsun Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Genetics, Samsun, Turkey
| | | | - Cem Demirel
- Memorial Ataşehir Hospital, In Vitro Fertilization Unit, İstanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Seang Tan
- James Edmund Dodds Chair in ObGyn, Department of ObGyn, McGill University, OriginElle Fertility Clinic and Women, QC, Canada
| | - Michael Dahan
- McGill Reproductive Centre, Department of ObGyn, McGill University Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Osychenko AA, Zalessky AD, Tochilo UA, Martirosyan DY, Silaeva YY, Nadtochenko VA. Femtosecond laser oocyte enucleation as a low-invasive and effective method of recipient cytoplast preparation. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 13:1447-1456. [PMID: 35414969 PMCID: PMC8973162 DOI: 10.1364/boe.449523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Recipient cytoplast preparation, commonly performed by DNA aspiration with a needle, inevitably leads to the loss of reprogramming factors. As an alternative to the traditional enucleation technique, femtosecond laser enucleation can eliminate DNA effectively without loss of reprogramming factors and without oocyte puncturing. In this work we have performed oocyte enucleation by destructing the metaphase plate using a 795 nm femtosecond laser. The disability of the enucleated oocytes to develop after the parthenogenetic activation, as well as the lack of DNA staining luminescence, strongly confirms the efficiency of the femtosecond laser enucleation. The parthenogenetic development of oocytes after the cytoplasm treatment suggests a low-invasive effect of the laser enucleation technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina A. Osychenko
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics Russian Academy of Sciences. 4 Kosygina Street, Building 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexandr D. Zalessky
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics Russian Academy of Sciences. 4 Kosygina Street, Building 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Uliana A. Tochilo
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics Russian Academy of Sciences. 4 Kosygina Street, Building 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - David Yu. Martirosyan
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics Russian Academy of Sciences. 4 Kosygina Street, Building 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yulia Yu. Silaeva
- Institute of Gene Biology Russian Academy of Sciences. 34/5 Vavilova Street, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Victor A. Nadtochenko
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics Russian Academy of Sciences. 4 Kosygina Street, Building 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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Ozturk S. Molecular determinants of the meiotic arrests in mammalian oocytes at different stages of maturation. Cell Cycle 2022; 21:547-571. [PMID: 35072590 PMCID: PMC8942507 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2026704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian oocytes undergo two rounds of developmental arrest during maturation: at the diplotene of the first meiotic prophase and metaphase of the second meiosis. These arrests are strictly regulated by follicular cells temporally producing the secondary messengers, cAMP and cGMP, and other factors to regulate maturation promoting factor (composed of cyclin B1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 1) levels in the oocytes. Out of these normally appearing developmental arrests, permanent arrests may occur in the oocytes at germinal vesicle (GV), metaphase I (MI), or metaphase II (MII) stage. This issue may arise from absence or altered expression of the oocyte-related genes playing key roles in nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation. Additionally, the assisted reproductive technology (ART) applications such as ovarian stimulation and in vitro culture conditions both of which harbor various types of chemical agents may contribute to forming the permanent arrests. In this review, the molecular determinants of developmental and permanent arrests occurring in the mammalian oocytes are comprehensively evaluated in the light of current knowledge. As number of permanently arrested oocytes at different stages is increasing in ART centers, potential approaches for inducing permanent arrests to obtain competent oocytes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saffet Ozturk
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
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Vasilyev SA, Tolmacheva EN, Vasilyeva OY, Markov AV, Zhigalina DI, Zatula LA, Lee VA, Serdyukova ES, Sazhenova EA, Nikitina TV, Kashevarova AA, Lebedev IN. LINE-1 retrotransposon methylation in chorionic villi of first trimester miscarriages with aneuploidy. J Assist Reprod Genet 2021; 38:139-149. [PMID: 33170392 PMCID: PMC7823001 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-020-02003-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE High frequency of aneuploidy in meiosis and cleavage stage coincides with waves of epigenetic genome reprogramming that may indicate a possible association between epigenetic mechanisms and aneuploidy occurrence. This study aimed to assess the methylation level of the long interspersed repeat element 1 (LINE-1) retrotransposon in chorionic villi of first trimester miscarriages with a normal karyotype and aneuploidy. METHODS The methylation level was assessed at 19 LINE-1 promoter CpG sites in chorionic villi of 141 miscarriages with trisomy of chromosomes 2, 6, 8-10, 13-15, 16, 18, 20-22, and monosomy X using massive parallel sequencing. RESULTS The LINE-1 methylation level was elevated statistically significant in chorionic villi of miscarriages with both trisomy (45.2 ± 4.3%) and monosomy X (46.9 ± 4.2%) compared with that in induced abortions (40.0 ± 2.4%) (p < 0.00001). The LINE-1 methylation levels were specific for miscarriages with different aneuploidies and significantly increased in miscarriages with trisomies 8, 14, and 18 and monosomy X (p < 0.05). The LINE-1 methylation level increased with gestational age both for group of miscarriages regardless of karyotype (R = 0.21, p = 0.012) and specifically for miscarriages with trisomy 16 (R = 0.48, p = 0.007). LINE-1 methylation decreased with maternal age in miscarriages with a normal karyotype (R = - 0.31, p = 0.029) and with trisomy 21 (R = - 0.64, p = 0.024) and increased with paternal age for miscarriages with trisomy 16 (R = 0.38, p = 0.048) and monosomy X (R = 0.73, p = 0.003). CONCLUSION Our results indicate that the pathogenic effects of aneuploidy in human embryogenesis can be supplemented with significant epigenetic changes in the repetitive sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav A Vasilyev
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Nab. R. Ushaiki, 10, Tomsk, Russia.
- Biological Institute, National Research Tomsk State University, Lenina, 36, Tomsk, Russia.
| | - Ekaterina N Tolmacheva
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Nab. R. Ushaiki, 10, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Oksana Yu Vasilyeva
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Nab. R. Ushaiki, 10, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Anton V Markov
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Nab. R. Ushaiki, 10, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Daria I Zhigalina
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Nab. R. Ushaiki, 10, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Lada A Zatula
- Department of Medical Genetics, Siberian State Medical University, Moskovskiy Trakt, 2, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Vasilissa A Lee
- Department of Medical Genetics, Siberian State Medical University, Moskovskiy Trakt, 2, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Ekaterina S Serdyukova
- Biological Institute, National Research Tomsk State University, Lenina, 36, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Elena A Sazhenova
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Nab. R. Ushaiki, 10, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Tatyana V Nikitina
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Nab. R. Ushaiki, 10, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Anna A Kashevarova
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Nab. R. Ushaiki, 10, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Igor N Lebedev
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Nab. R. Ushaiki, 10, Tomsk, Russia
- Department of Medical Genetics, Siberian State Medical University, Moskovskiy Trakt, 2, Tomsk, Russia
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Yu B, Doni Jayavelu N, Battle SL, Mar JC, Schimmel T, Cohen J, Hawkins RD. Single-cell analysis of transcriptome and DNA methylome in human oocyte maturation. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0241698. [PMID: 33152014 PMCID: PMC7643955 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Oocyte maturation is a coordinated process that is tightly linked to reproductive potential. A better understanding of gene regulation during human oocyte maturation will not only answer an important question in biology, but also facilitate the development of in vitro maturation technology as a fertility treatment. We generated single-cell transcriptome and used our previously published single-cell methylome data from human oocytes at different maturation stages to investigate how genes are regulated during oocyte maturation, focusing on the potential regulatory role of non-CpG methylation. DNMT3B, a gene encoding a key non-CpG methylation enzyme, is one of the 1,077 genes upregulated in mature oocytes, which may be at least partially responsible for the increased non-CpG methylation as oocytes mature. Non-CpG differentially methylated regions (DMRs) between mature and immature oocytes have multiple binding motifs for transcription factors, some of which bind with DNMT3B and may be important regulators of oocyte maturation through non-CpG methylation. Over 98% of non-CpG DMRs locate in transposable elements, and these DMRs are correlated with expression changes of the nearby genes. Taken together, this data indicates that global non-CpG hypermethylation during oocyte maturation may play an active role in gene expression regulation, potentially through the interaction with transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yu
- Department of OBGYN, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Naresh Doni Jayavelu
- Departments of Medicine and Genome Sciences, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Stephanie L. Battle
- Department of OBGYN, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Departments of Medicine and Genome Sciences, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Jessica C. Mar
- Department of Systems and Computational Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Timothy Schimmel
- Reprogenetics LLC, Livingston, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Jacques Cohen
- Reprogenetics LLC, Livingston, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - R. David Hawkins
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Departments of Medicine and Genome Sciences, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
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Pereira GC, Sanchez L, Schaughency PM, Rubio-Roldán A, Choi JA, Planet E, Batra R, Turelli P, Trono D, Ostrow LW, Ravits J, Kazazian HH, Wheelan SJ, Heras SR, Mayer J, García-Pérez JL, Goodier JL. Properties of LINE-1 proteins and repeat element expression in the context of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Mob DNA 2018; 9:35. [PMID: 30564290 PMCID: PMC6295051 DOI: 10.1186/s13100-018-0138-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease involving loss of motor neurons and having no known cure and uncertain etiology. Several studies have drawn connections between altered retrotransposon expression and ALS. Certain features of the LINE-1 (L1) retrotransposon-encoded ORF1 protein (ORF1p) are analogous to those of neurodegeneration-associated RNA-binding proteins, including formation of cytoplasmic aggregates. In this study we explore these features and consider possible links between L1 expression and ALS. RESULTS We first considered factors that modulate aggregation and subcellular distribution of LINE-1 ORF1p, including nuclear localization. Changes to some ORF1p amino acid residues alter both retrotransposition efficiency and protein aggregation dynamics, and we found that one such polymorphism is present in endogenous L1s abundant in the human genome. We failed, however, to identify CRM1-mediated nuclear export signals in ORF1p nor strict involvement of cell cycle in endogenous ORF1p nuclear localization in human 2102Ep germline teratocarcinoma cells. Some proteins linked with ALS bind and colocalize with L1 ORF1p ribonucleoprotein particles in cytoplasmic RNA granules. Increased expression of several ALS-associated proteins, including TAR DNA Binding Protein (TDP-43), strongly limits cell culture retrotransposition, while some disease-related mutations modify these effects. Using quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) of ALS tissues and reanalysis of publicly available RNA-Seq datasets, we asked if changes in expression of retrotransposons are associated with ALS. We found minimal altered expression in sporadic ALS tissues but confirmed a previous report of differential expression of many repeat subfamilies in C9orf72 gene-mutated ALS patients. CONCLUSIONS Here we extended understanding of the subcellular localization dynamics of the aggregation-prone LINE-1 ORF1p RNA-binding protein. However, we failed to find compelling evidence for misregulation of LINE-1 retrotransposons in sporadic ALS nor a clear effect of ALS-associated TDP-43 protein on L1 expression. In sum, our study reveals that the interplay of active retrotransposons and the molecular features of ALS are more complex than anticipated. Thus, the potential consequences of altered retrotransposon activity for ALS and other neurodegenerative disorders are worthy of continued investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin C. Pereira
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland USA
| | - Laura Sanchez
- GENYO. Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer, University of Granada, Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, Spain
| | - Paul M. Schaughency
- Oncology Center-Cancer Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland USA
| | - Alejandro Rubio-Roldán
- GENYO. Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer, University of Granada, Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, Spain
| | - Jungbin A. Choi
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland USA
| | - Evarist Planet
- School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ranjan Batra
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California USA
| | - Priscilla Turelli
- School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Didier Trono
- School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lyle W. Ostrow
- Neuromuscular Division, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland USA
| | - John Ravits
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California USA
| | - Haig H. Kazazian
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland USA
| | - Sarah J. Wheelan
- Oncology Center-Cancer Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland USA
| | - Sara R. Heras
- GENYO. Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer, University of Granada, Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jens Mayer
- Department of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, University of Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Jose Luis García-Pérez
- GENYO. Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer, University of Granada, Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, Spain
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine (IGMM), University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - John L. Goodier
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland USA
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Finley J. Transposable elements, placental development, and oocyte activation: Cellular stress and AMPK links jumping genes with the creation of human life. Med Hypotheses 2018; 118:44-54. [PMID: 30037614 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2018.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Transposable elements (TEs), also known as "jumping genes", are DNA sequences first described by Nobel laureate Barbara McClintock that comprise nearly half of the human genome and are able to transpose or move from one genomic location to another. As McClintock also noted that a genome "shock" or stress may induce TE activation and transposition, accumulating evidence suggests that cellular stress (e.g. mediated by increases in intracellular reactive oxygen species [ROS] and calcium [Ca2+], etc.) induces TE mobilization in several model organisms and L1s (a member of the retrotransposon class of TEs) are active and capable of retrotransposition in human oocytes, human sperm, and in human neural progenitor cells. Cellular stress also plays a critical role in human placental development, with cytotrophoblast (CTB) differentiation leading to the formation of the syncytiotrophoblast (STB), a cellular layer that facilitates nutrient and gas exchange between the mother and the fetus. Syncytin-1, a protein that promotes fusion of CTB cells and is necessary for STB formation, and its receptor is found in human sperm and human oocytes, respectively, and increases in ROS and Ca2+ promote trophoblast differentiation and syncytin-1 expression. Cellular stress is also essential in promoting human oocyte maturation and activation which, similar to TE mobilization, can be induced by compounds that increase intracellular Ca2+ and ROS levels. AMPK is a master metabolic regulator activated by increases in ROS, Ca2+, and/or an AMP(ADP)/ATP ratio increase, etc. as well as compounds that induce L1 mobilization in human cells. AMPK knockdown inhibits trophoblast differentiation and AMPK-activating compounds that promote L1 mobility also enhance trophoblast differentiation. Cellular stressors that induce TE mobilization (e.g. heat shock) also promote oocyte maturation in an AMPK-dependent manner and the antibiotic ionomycin activates AMPK, promotes TE activation, and induces human oocyte activation, producing normal, healthy children. Metformin promotes AMPK-dependent telomerase activation (critical for telomere maintenance) and induces activation of the endonuclease RAG1 (promotes DNA cleavage and transposition) via AMPK. Both RAG1 and telomerase are derived from TEs. It is our hypothesis that cellular stress and AMPK links TE activation and transposition with placental development and oocyte activation, facilitating both human genome evolution and the creation of all human life. We also propose the novel observation that various cellular stress-inducing compounds (e.g. metformin, resveratrol, etc.) may facilitate beneficial TE activation and transposition and enhance fertilization and embryological development through a common mechanism of AMPK activation.
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Mita P, Wudzinska A, Sun X, Andrade J, Nayak S, Kahler DJ, Badri S, LaCava J, Ueberheide B, Yun CY, Fenyö D, Boeke JD. LINE-1 protein localization and functional dynamics during the cell cycle. eLife 2018; 7:30058. [PMID: 29309036 PMCID: PMC5821460 DOI: 10.7554/elife.30058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
LINE-1/L1 retrotransposon sequences comprise 17% of the human genome. Among the many classes of mobile genetic elements, L1 is the only autonomous retrotransposon that still drives human genomic plasticity today. Through its co-evolution with the human genome, L1 has intertwined itself with host cell biology. However, a clear understanding of L1’s lifecycle and the processes involved in restricting its insertion and intragenomic spread remains elusive. Here we identify modes of L1 proteins’ entrance into the nucleus, a necessary step for L1 proliferation. Using functional, biochemical, and imaging approaches, we also show a clear cell cycle bias for L1 retrotransposition that peaks during the S phase. Our observations provide a basis for novel interpretations about the nature of nuclear and cytoplasmic L1 ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) and the potential role of DNA replication in L1 retrotransposition. Only two percent of our genetic material or genome are occupied by genes, while between 60-70 percent are made up of hundreds of thousands of copies of very similar DNA sequences. These repetitive sequences evolved from genetic elements called transposons. Transposons are often referred to as ‘jumping genes’, as they can randomly move within the genome and thereby create dangerous mutations that may lead to cancer or other genetic diseases. LINE-1 is the only remaining active transposon in humans, and it expands by copying and pasting itself to new locations via a process called 'retrotransposition'. To do so, it is first transcribed into RNA – the molecules that help to make proteins – and then converted back into identical DNA sequences. Previous research has shown that LINE-1 can form complexes with a series of proteins, including the two encoded by LINE-1 RNA itself: ORF1p and ORF2p. The LINE-1 complexes can enter the nucleus of the cell and insert a new copy of LINE-1 into the genome. However, until now it was not known how they do this. To investigate this further, Mita et al. used human cancer cells grown in the lab and tracked LINE-1 during the different stages of the cell cycle. The results showed that LINE-1 enters the nucleus as the cell starts to divide and the membrane of the nucleus breaks down. The LINE-1 complexes are then retained in the nucleus while the membrane of the nucleus reforms. Later, as the cell duplicates its genetic material, LINE-1 starts to copy and paste itself. Mita et al., together with another group of researchers, also found that during this process, only LINE-1 RNA and ORF2p were found in the nucleus. This shows that the cell cycle dictates both where the LINE-1 complexes gather and when LINE-1 is active. A next step will be to further investigate how the ‘copy and paste’ mechanisms of LINE-1 and the two LINE-1 proteins are regulated during the cell cycle. In future, this may help to identify LINE-1’s role in processes like aging or in diseases such as cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Mita
- Institute of Systems Genetics (ISG), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Langone Health, New York, United States
| | - Aleksandra Wudzinska
- Institute of Systems Genetics (ISG), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Langone Health, New York, United States
| | - Xiaoji Sun
- Institute of Systems Genetics (ISG), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Langone Health, New York, United States
| | - Joshua Andrade
- Proteomics laboratory, NYU Langone Health, New York, United States
| | - Shruti Nayak
- Proteomics laboratory, NYU Langone Health, New York, United States
| | - David J Kahler
- High Throughput Biology (HTB) Laboratory, NYU Langone Health, New York, United States
| | - Sana Badri
- Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, New York, United States
| | - John LaCava
- Institute of Systems Genetics (ISG), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Langone Health, New York, United States.,Laboratory of Cellular and Structural Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, United States
| | - Beatrix Ueberheide
- Institute of Systems Genetics (ISG), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Langone Health, New York, United States.,Proteomics laboratory, NYU Langone Health, New York, United States
| | - Chi Y Yun
- High Throughput Biology (HTB) Laboratory, NYU Langone Health, New York, United States
| | - David Fenyö
- Institute of Systems Genetics (ISG), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Langone Health, New York, United States
| | - Jef D Boeke
- Institute of Systems Genetics (ISG), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU Langone Health, New York, United States
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Vasilyev SA, Tolmacheva EN, Lebedev IN. Epigenetic regulation and role of LINE-1 retrotransposon in embryogenesis. RUSS J GENET+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795416120152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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