Factors associated with alcohol abuse and dependence among public transport workers in the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte

Examination of Factors Related to Problem Drinking Among the Working Population: The Japanese Civil Servants' Study

Problem drinking affects not only the health of a population but also the productivity of a nation, especially if it is rampant among the working population. This study examines the association between problem drinking and work characteristics, work-family status, and social situation among the Japanese working population. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed on the basis of gender on 3136 participants (men: 65.1%, women: 34.9%), adopted from the Japanese Civil Servants Study in 2014 (response rate: 87.8%), to examine the factors related to problem drinking, after adjusting frequency and quantity of drinking. Problem drinking was assessed using the Cutdown, Annoyed, Guilty, and Eye-opener (CAGE) questionnaire. The prevalence of problem drinking was found in 24.3% of men and 10.3% of women. The analysis showed that in men, low work performance (OR: 1.34, 95%CI: 1.00-1.79), high family-to-work conflict (OR: 1.54, 95%CI: 1.14-2.09), and high work-to-family conflict (OR: 1.63, 95%CI: 1.14-2.34), were significantly associated with problem drinking, whereas in women, high work-to-family conflict (OR: 2.45, 95%CI: 1.21-4.95) was significantly associated with problem drinking. Although the number of close friends is negatively associated with problem drinking in women, the significance disappeared in the full adjusted model. It can be concluded that it is important for both men and women to strike a balance between work and family life. Moreover, owing to gender differences, work performance may be important for men, and the presence of close friends for women, in reducing the risk of problem drinking.

Factors associated with alcohol abuse in the Peruvian population: analysis of a national health survey 2019

Aim

To evaluate the factors associated with alcohol abuse in the Peruvian population.

Methods

A secondary analysis was performed using data from the Demographic and Family Health Survey of Peru, 2019. We included 24 264 Peruvians between 18 and 59 years. For the analysis of association, the Poisson regression model with robust standard errors was used. Adjusted Prevalence Ratios (aPR) with their respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated.

Results

The prevalence of alcohol abuse was 5.2%. Having higher education (aPR:1.61; 95%CI:1.04–2.48), being widowed, separated or divorced (aPR:1.73; 95%CI:1.18–2.54), belonging to the third (aPR:1.70; 95%CI:1.12–2.60), fourth (aPR:2.08; 95%CI:1.33–3.23) or fifth socioeconomic quintile (aPR:2.16; 95%CI:1.33–3.50), being from the Sierra (aPR:1.45; 95%CI:1.12–1.87) or Selva (aPR:1.48; 95%CI:1.13–1.94), not having health insurance (aPR:1.25; 95%CI:1.04–1.50), being a current smoker (aPR:2.43; 95%CI:2.02–2.93) and having major depression (aPR:1.77; 95%CI:1.32–2.36) were associated with a higher prevalence of alcohol abuse. On the other hand being a middle-aged adult (aPR:0.73; 95%CI:0.60–0.88), female (aPR:0.16; 95%CI:0.12–0.22) and having started drinking alcohol after the age of 18 years (aPR:0.57; 95%CI:0.47–0.69) were associated with a lower prevalence.

Conclusions

One in 20 Peruvians between 18 and 59 years had alcohol abuse. Age, gender, education level, marital status, socioeconomic level, region, age of first drink, smoking and depression were associated with alcohol abuse.

Prevalence of heavy episodic drinking in the Brazilian adult population: National Health Survey 2013 and 2019

OBJECTIVE

To describe the prevalence of heavy episodic drinking in the Brazilian adult population, according to sociodemographic characteristics, in 2013 and in 2019.

METHODS

A cross-sectional study using data on heavy episodic drinking among adults (≥ 18 years) from the National Health Survey, analyzed descriptively.

RESULTS

60,202 participants were included in 2013 and 88,531 in 2019. The prevalence of heavy episodic drinking, in 2019 (17.1%; 95%CI 16.6;17.5), was higher than 2013 (13.1%; 95%CI 13.1;14.2). In the two years, there was a higher prevalence among male sex, adults 18 to 39 years old, individuals with high schooling and Black skin color. In addition, higher prevalence were found among residents in urban areas and in the Midwest and Southeast regions.

CONCLUSION

The indication of the growing prevalence of alcohol abuse in Brazil and the differences in prevalence, according to sociodemographic characteristics, show the need to encourage public policies and actions to combat its use.

Condiciones laborales, salud y calidad de vida en conductores

Objetivo: Conocer las condiciones laborales, salud y calidad de vida de los trabajadores que se dedican al rubro de la conducción. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó revisión integrativa en las bases de datos Medline/PUBMED, BVS, WEB OF SCIENCE, SCOPUS, referente a artículos publicados desde el año 2010 a 2019, en relación a la temática de salud, condiciones laborales y calidad de vida de trabajadores que se desempeñan en el área de la conducción, siguiendo los lineamientos planteados según Ganong. Resultados: 29 estudios cumplieron con los criterios seleccionados, los cuales fueron realizados en población trabajadora del ámbito de locomoción colectiva como buses, taxis, motocicletas y en el área de transportes, como camiones. Discusión: La realidad que experimentan estos trabajadores crea consciencia y abre un espacio para implementar políticas de salud que busquen su bienestar, y a la vez es una puerta de entrada a crear conocimiento sobre la necesidad de estudiar a este grupo poblacional. Conclusiones: La calidad de vida y las condiciones laborales de estos conductores, en su mayoría es deficiente y esto los afecta de manera negativa en distintos ámbitos. Por otra parte, la salud de este grupo de trabajadores se ve perjudicada por las condiciones en el trabajo que muchos de ellos puedan tener, así mismo la mayoría carece de buenas prácticas de salud, teniendo hábitos poco saludables, que se relacionan directamente con la labor que realizan. Como citar este artículo: Sepúlveda Guerra Elena Belén,  Valenzuela Suazo Sandra Verónica, Rodríguez Campo Varinia Alejandra. Condiciones laborales, salud y calidad de vida en conductores. Revista Cuidarte. 2020; 11(2): e1083. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.1083

Precarious working conditions and health of metropolitan bus drivers and conductors in Minas Gerais, Brazil

BACKGROUND

To investigate the relationship between precarious working conditions and the health of bus drivers and conductors.

METHODS

Data were gathered by means of a survey and interviews conducted in 2012 with 1607 employees of the public transport system of the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Nine proxy variables were used to create a precariousness score, ranging from 0 to 9, on a comparative scale: score 0 "less precarious" and 9 "more precarious." Negative self-evaluations of health, medical diagnoses of depression and sleep disorders, common mental disorders, musculoskeletal pain and medical leave were assessed. Poisson regression was used to assess associations between precariousness and health adjusted for age, sex, education, vibration, and noise.

RESULTS

The sample was composed of 853 drivers and 754 conductors. Most were men (87%), with age below 40 years (67.4%) and medium educational level (64.5%). The maximum precariousness score observed was 7. Most individuals were in the groups of scores 3 (26.7%) and 4 (26.1%). The prevalences of the health situations were: common mental disorders, 26.3%; medical diagnosis of depression, 9.7%; medical diagnosis of sleep disorder, 14.6%; musculoskeletal pain, 43.0%; medical leave (absenteeism), 34.8%; and negative self-evaluation of health, 20.2%. The prevalences of health conditions, with the exception of negative self-evaluations of health, were significantly higher among workers with higher levels of precarious working conditions.

CONCLUSIONS

Worse health, particularly common mental disorders, was associated with self-assessed work precariousness.

Fatores associados ao consumo de álcool entre trabalhadores públicos da manutenção

Resumo Objetivo: Analisar o consumo de álcool entre trabalhadores públicos da manutenção e identificar os fatores sociodemográficos associados. Métodos: Estudo quantitativo transversal, realizado com trabalhadores públicos da manutenção de uma universidade do interior do estado de São Paulo. Foi utilizado um questionário de dados sociodemográficos e o Teste para Identificação de Problemas Relacionados ao uso de Álcool (AUDIT). Resultados: Identificou-se que 78% dos trabalhadores consumiram bebidas alcoólicas nos últimos 12 meses. Dentre os participantes não abstêmios, 43% apresentaram consumo de baixo risco, 50% eram bebedores abusivos e 7% se encontravam no padrão de consumo indicativa de dependência. Destaca-se que 54% referiram o consumo de quatro doses ou mais quando bebiam e 82% dos participantes referiram consumo em binge. Os fatores associados ao consumo foram anos de estudo, função, gênero, renda e cor e o consumo de quatro doses ou mais foi associado com a função de trabalhador braçal. Conclusão: Identificou-se que a prevalência do consumo de trabalhadores no padrão “consumo abusivo ou provável dependência” foi maior (em termos descritivos) do que a identificada em um dos principais levantamentos nacionais. Os anos de estudo foi o fator sociodemográfico de maior relevância, uma vez que, cada ano a menos de estudo aumentava cerca de 20% as chances de “consumo abusivo ou provável dependência”.