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Ravara B, Giuriati W, Zampieri S, Kern H, Pond AL. Translational mobility medicine and ugo carraro: a life of significant scientific contributions reviewed in celebration. Neurol Res 2024; 46:139-156. [PMID: 38043115 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2023.2258041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Prof. Ugo Carraro reached 80 years of age on 23 February 2023, and we wish to celebrate him and his work by reviewing his lifetime of scientific achievements in Translational Myology. Currently, he is a Senior Scholar with the University of Padova, Italy, where, as a tenured faculty member, he founded the Interdepartmental Research Center of Myology. Prof. Carraro, a pioneer in skeletal muscle research, is a world-class expert in structural and molecular investigations of skeletal muscle biology, physiology, pathology, and care. An authority in bidimensional gel electrophoresis for myosin light chains, he was the first to separate mammalian muscle myosin heavy chain isoforms by SDS-gel electrophoresis. He has demonstrated that long-term denervated muscle can survive denervation by myofiber regeneration, and shown that an athletic lifestyle has beneficial impacts on muscle reinnervation. He has utilized his expertise in translational myology to develop and validate rehabilitative treatments for denervated and ageing skeletal muscle. He has authored more than 160 PubMed listed papers and numerous scholarly books, including his recent autobiography. Prof. Carraro founded and serves as Editor-in-Chief of the European Journal of Translational Myology and Mobility Medicine. He has organized more than 40 Padua Muscle Days Meetings and continues this, encouraging students and young scientists to participate. As he dreams endlessly, he is currently validating non-invasive analyses on saliva, a promising approach that will allow increased frequency sampling to analyze systemic factors during the transient effects of training and rehabilitation by his proposed Full-Body in- Bed Gym for bed-ridden elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Ravara
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (DSB), University of Padova, Padua, Italy
- CIR-Myo Interdepartmental Research Center of Myology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Walter Giuriati
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (DSB), University of Padova, Padua, Italy
- CIR-Myo Interdepartmental Research Center of Myology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Sandra Zampieri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (DSB), University of Padova, Padua, Italy
- CIR-Myo Interdepartmental Research Center of Myology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology Sciences, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Helmut Kern
- Physiko- und Rheumatherapie, Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rehabilitation Research, Sankt Pölten, Austria
| | - Amber L Pond
- Anatomy Department, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
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Piotrowska A, Chmielewska M, Andrzejewski W, Dziegiel P, Podhorska-Okolow M. Influence of Angiotensin II on cell viability and apoptosis in rat renal proximal tubular epithelial cells in in vitro studies. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2020; 21:1470320320949850. [PMID: 32962526 PMCID: PMC7649907 DOI: 10.1177/1470320320949850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Angiotensin II (Ang II) is multifunctional peptide that plays an important role in blood pressure regulation and maintenance electrolyte homeostasis. It shows biological effects by activating two main receptors: AT1 and AT2. The aim of the present work was to investigate the effect of Ang II on NRK-52E cells in in vitro studies. Furthermore, an attempt was made to determine the effectiveness of the AT1 and AT2 receptor blocker activity (respectively, losartan and PD123319). Methods: The study was carried out using adherent NRK-52E cell line. Immunofluorescence and Western Blot method were used to confirm the presence of AT1 and AT2 receptors in the cells. The SRB and MTT tests showed decrease in the viability of NRK-52E cells incubated with Ang II in comparison to the control (without Ang II). Results: The blockade of the AT1 receptor caused an increase in cell viability in comparison to cells incubated with Ang II only. The blockade of AT2 receptor also triggered statistically significant increase in cell viability in comparison with cells only exposed to Ang II. Combined administration of blockers for both receptors (losartan and PD123319) decreased Ang II cytotoxicity against NRK-52E cell line. The apoptosis was only observed in cells incubated with Ang II in comparison with control cells. However, simultaneous use of both blockers caused statistically significant decrease in apoptosis. Conclusions: The result of our study indicates that Ang II causes damaging effect on NRK-52E cells by directing them to programmed cell death. It seems that not only does the AT2 receptor itself play an important role in the induction of apoptosis, but also its interaction with AT1 receptor does as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Piotrowska
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland
| | - Magdalena Chmielewska
- Amphibian Biology Group, Department of Evolutionary Biology and Conservation of Vertebrates, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Waldemar Andrzejewski
- Department of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw University School of Physical Education, Poland
| | - Piotr Dziegiel
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland.,Department of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw University School of Physical Education, Poland
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Kooshki R, Abbasnejad M, Shamsizadeh A, Raoof M, Askari-Zahabi K, Esmaeili-Mahani S. Physical exercise enhances vulnerability to migraine headache associated with CGRP up-expression in trigeminal nucleus caudalis of stressed rats. Neurol Res 2020; 42:952-958. [PMID: 32686605 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2020.1794243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There is conflicting evidence on the effect of physical exercise on migraine development. Present study investigated the impact of treadmill exercise on migraine - associated symptoms and changes in calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) expression in rats with and without maternal deprivation stress (MD). METHODS Two days after birth, the male Wistar pups were randomly divided into four groups (n = 6) as follows: intact, exercise, MD, and MD plus exercise. The animals in the MD groups were separated from their dams 4 h per day for 2 weeks. At 8 weeks of age, the rats were exercised on a motor-driven treadmill for 4 weeks. Then, nitroglycerin (NTG) (5 mg/kg/IP) was used to induce migraine and pain-related symptoms were recorded for 90 min. NTG-related thermal hyperalgesia was measured by tail flick and hot plate methods. Finally, immunofluorescence staining of CGRP in trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (Vc) was performed. RESULTS NTG - produced a significant headache symptoms and thermal hypersensitivity, which were aggravated following physical exercise in stressed or unstressed groups. Besides, NTG administration increased CGRP expression in the Vc of rats. Such effect was overpowered by treadmill running only in rats exposed to MD stress. CONCLUSION These findings highlight the worsening effects of treadmill exercise for migraine in rats with and without MD stress. However, inflammatory response can further exacerbate in stressed rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Kooshki
- Physiology-pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences , Rafsanjan, Iran.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Lorestan University , Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mehdi Abbasnejad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman , Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Shamsizadeh
- Physiology-pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences , Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Maryam Raoof
- Endodontology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman, Iran.,Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Khadijeh Askari-Zahabi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman , Kerman, Iran
| | - Saeed Esmaeili-Mahani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman , Kerman, Iran
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Ranjbar K, Nazem F, Sabrinezhad R, Nazari A. Aerobic training and L-arginine supplement attenuates myocardial infarction-induced kidney and liver injury in rats via reduced oxidative stress. Indian Heart J 2018; 70:538-543. [PMID: 30170650 PMCID: PMC6116575 DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2017.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 07/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of exercise training and l-arginine supplementation on kidney and liver injury in rats with myocardial infarction (MI). Material and methods Four weeks after MI, 50 male wistar rats randomly divided into five followed groups: sham surgery without MI (Sham, n = 10), Sedentary-MI (Sed-MI, n = 10) 3: L-Arginine-MI (La-MI, n = 10) 4: Exercise training-MI (Ex-MI, n = 10) and 5: Exercise and L-arginine-MI (Ex + La-MI). Ex-MI and Ex + La-MI groups running on a treadmill for 10 weeks with moderate intensity. Rats in the L-arginine-treated groups drank water containing 4% L-arginine. Tissues oxidative stress and kidney and liver functional indices were measured after treatments. Result Urea as a kidney function indexes, increased in Sed-MI group in compared to sham group and decreased significantly in Ex-MI and Ex + La-MI groups. The level of catalase (CAT) and glutathione stimulating hormone (GSH) of kidney were significantly lower in the MI-groups compared with the Sham group and kidney Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels increased after MI and significantly decreased in response to aerobic training and L-arginine. As well as, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) as liver injury indices, increased in MI-groups and decreased by training and L-arginine. In this regards, liver MDA and CAT respectively increased and decreased in MI-groups, but aerobic training and L-arginine increased liver glutathione per-oxidase (GPx) and decreased liver MDA. Conclusion These results demonstrated that kidney and liver function impaired 14 weeks after MI and aerobic training and L-arginine supplementation synergistically ameliorated kidneys and liver injury in myocardial infarction rats through oxidative stress reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Ranjbar
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Bandar Abbas, Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Farzad Nazem
- Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Sabrinezhad
- Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Afshin Nazari
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Department of Physiology, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
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Siewierska K, Malicka I, Kobierzycki C, Paslawska U, Cegielski M, Grzegrzolka J, Piotrowska A, Podhorska-Okolow M, Dziegiel P, Wozniewski M. The Impact of Exercise Training on Breast Cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 32:249-254. [PMID: 29475906 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Physical exercise is increasingly considered by many authors to be a factor reducing the risk of cancer development and premature cancer-related death. Data indicate higher cure rates and longer times of survival in cancer patients who regularly exercise. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 50 female Sprague-Dawley rats were used in the experiment. Animals at 1 month of age were intraperitoneally injected with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea. Three months following drug administration, rats underwent supervised physical training. The animals were divided into four groups: control untrained group and 3 groups trained with different intensities - i.e. low, moderate and high. Routine histopathological examination of tumors was performed and mitotic activity was assessed by immunohistochemical expression of the Ki-67 antigen. RESULTS Ki-67 antigen expression was observed in all analyzed tumors. The increase in Ki-67 antigen expression correlated positively with the increase in training intensity. CONCLUSION It can be assumed that low-intensity physical training is safe for patients with breast cancer. However, moderate- and high-intensity training may induce tumor cell proliferation worsening patients' prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Siewierska
- Department of Physiotherapy, University School of Physical Education, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Malicka
- Department of Physiotherapy, University School of Physical Education, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Urszula Paslawska
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinic of Diseases of Horses, Dogs, and Cats, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marek Cegielski
- Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jedrzej Grzegrzolka
- Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Piotrowska
- Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Piotr Dziegiel
- Department of Physiotherapy, University School of Physical Education, Wroclaw, Poland.,Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marek Wozniewski
- Department of Physiotherapy, University School of Physical Education, Wroclaw, Poland
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Malicka I, Siewierska K, Pula B, Kobierzycki C, Haus D, Paslawska U, Cegielski M, Dziegiel P, Podhorska-Okolow M, Wozniewski M. The effect of physical training on the N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced mammary carcinogenesis of Sprague-Dawley rats. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2015; 240:1408-15. [PMID: 25990440 DOI: 10.1177/1535370215587532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of physical activity on carcinogenesis has been demonstrated in many studies. Taking into account the discrepant results of physical exercise on the cell proliferation and apoptosis of breast cancer, we aimed to examine the impact of physical training on N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-(MNU)-induced mammary carcinogenesis. Fifty female rats were divided into four groups according to the intensity of physical activity they undertook. The number of developed tumors, tumor volume, and histopathological diagnoses were noted. Apoptosis and cell proliferation were studied by the number of TUNEL-positive and Ki-67-expressing cells. We demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in the tumor number between all trained groups and the control group. The results were most pronounced in the group with a moderate intensity of training. Moreover, we showed a decrease in tumor volume as training intensity increased, though the differences were not statistically significant. The mean number of TUNEL-positive cancer cells was significantly higher in the training groups than in the control group. These data suggest that physical training, especially of moderate intensity, may alleviate MNU-induced mammary carcinogenesis. The results could suggest that physical exercise-induced apoptosis may be a protective mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Malicka
- Department of Physiotherapy, Wrocław University of Physical Education, Wroclaw 51-612, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Siewierska
- Department of Physiotherapy, Wrocław University of Physical Education, Wroclaw 51-612, Poland
| | - Bartosz Pula
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University, Wroclaw 51-612, Poland
| | | | - Dominik Haus
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University, Wroclaw 51-612, Poland
| | - Urszula Paslawska
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinic of Diseases of Horses, Dogs, and Cats, University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw 51-612, Poland
| | - Marek Cegielski
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University, Wroclaw 51-612, Poland
| | - Piotr Dziegiel
- Department of Physiotherapy, Wrocław University of Physical Education, Wroclaw 51-612, Poland Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University, Wroclaw 51-612, Poland
| | | | - Marek Wozniewski
- Department of Physiotherapy, Wrocław University of Physical Education, Wroclaw 51-612, Poland
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Goździk W, Albert J, Harbut P, Zieliński S, Ryniak S, Lindwall R, Dziegiel P, Podhorska-Okolow M, Kübler A, Frostell C. Prolonged exposure to inhaled nitric oxide transiently modifies tubular function in healthy piglets and promotes tubular apoptosis. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2009; 195:495-502. [PMID: 18826500 DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.2008.01908.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
AIM Inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) is a selective pulmonary vasodilator. We hypothesized that those piglets exposed to prolonged iNO react with a modified renal function. METHODS Randomized, placebo-controlled exposure to 40 p.p.m. iNO (30 h) in piglets (n = 20). Plasma and urine were sampled during three periods (first and second 12 h periods, and finally a 6 h period). We measured urine volumes, plasma and urine electrolytes (UNa, UK, UCl), plasma creatinine and urea. We calculated creatinine clearance (Ccr), and fractional excretions of sodium and potassium (FENa, FEK) and urinary excretions of electrolytes (UENa, UEK, UECl). Haemodynamic data were recorded and renal tubular apoptosis detected. RESULTS For the first 12 h, certain parameters significantly increased in the iNO group (mean +/- SD): UNa (mmol L(-1)), 87.7 (+/-35.0) vs. 39.3 (+/-22.9), UCl (mmol L(-1)) 80.4 (+/-32.8) vs. 48.0 (+/-26.7), FENa (%) 2.1 (+/-0.8) vs. 0.7 (+/-0.5), FEK (%) 31.7 (+/-7.0) vs. 20.7 (+/-12.3), as well as UENa (mmol) 61.0 (+/-21.1) vs. 27.6 (+/-17.9) and UECl (mmol) 57.3 (24.5) vs. 37.6 (29.0). These changes were absent in the second and third periods of the study. Significant differences in percentage of apoptotic cell nuclei in the renal cortex and medulla were found after iNO exposure: 39% vs. 15%. CONCLUSION Exposure to 40 p.p.m. iNO in healthy anaesthetized piglets has a transient natriuretic effect that disappears after 12 h. We also found evidence of renal tubular apoptosis promotion after 30 h of iNO.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Goździk
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Wroclaw University of Medicine, Poland.
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