1
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Hody S, Warren BE, Votion DM, Rogister B, Lemieux H. Eccentric Exercise Causes Specific Adjustment in Pyruvate Oxidation by Mitochondria. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2022; 54:1300-1308. [PMID: 35320143 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The impact of eccentric exercise on mitochondrial function has only been poorly investigated and remains unclear. This study aimed to identify the changes in skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration, specifically triggered by a single bout of eccentric treadmill exercise. METHODS Male adult mice were randomly divided into eccentric (ECC; downhill running), concentric (CON; uphill running), and unexercised control groups ( n = 5/group). Running groups performed 18 bouts of 5 min at 20 cm·s -1 on an inclined treadmill (±15° to 20°). Mice were sacrificed 48 h after exercise for blood and quadriceps muscles collection. Deep proximal (red) and superficial distal (white) muscle portions were used for high-resolution respirometric measurements. RESULTS Plasma creatine kinase activity was significantly higher in the ECC compared with CON group, reflecting exercise-induced muscle damage ( P < 0.01). The ECC exercise induced a significant decrease in oxidative phosphorylation capacity in both quadriceps femoris parts ( P = 0.032 in proximal portion, P = 0.010 in distal portion) in comparison with the CON group. This observation was only made for the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) pathway using pyruvate + malate as substrates. When expressed as a flux control ratio, indicating a change related to mitochondrial quality rather than quantity, this change seemed more prominent in distal compared with proximal portion of quadriceps muscle. No significant difference between groups was found for the NADH pathway with glutamate or glutamate + malate as substrates, for the succinate pathway or for fatty acid oxidation. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that ECC exercise specifically affects pyruvate mitochondrial transport and/or oxidation 48 h after exercise, and this alteration mainly concerns the distal white muscle portion. This study provides new perspectives to improve our understanding of the mitochondrial adaptation associated with ECC exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Hody
- Department of Motricity Sciences, University of Liège, Liège, BELGIUM
| | - Blair E Warren
- Faculty Saint-Jean, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, CANADA
| | - Dominique-Marie Votion
- Equine Pole, Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Liège, BELGIUM
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2
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Touron J, Costes F, Coudeyre E, Perrault H, Richard R. Aerobic Metabolic Adaptations in Endurance Eccentric Exercise and Training: From Whole Body to Mitochondria. Front Physiol 2021; 11:596351. [PMID: 33584331 PMCID: PMC7873519 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.596351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A characteristic feature of eccentric as compared with concentric exercise is the ability to generate greater mechanical loads for lower cardiopulmonary demands. Current evidence concurs to show that eccentric training translates into considerable gains in muscle mass and strength. Less is known, however, regarding its impact on oxygen transport and on factors to be considered for optimizing its prescription and monitoring. This article reviews the existing evidence for endurance eccentric exercise effects on the components of the oxygen transport system from systemic to mitochondria in both humans and animals. In the studies reviewed, specially designed cycle-ergometers or downhill treadmill running were used to generate eccentric contractions. Observations to date indicate that overall, the aerobic demand associated with the eccentric training load was too low to significantly increase peak maximal oxygen consumption. By extension, it can be inferred that the very high eccentric power output that would have been required to solicit a metabolic demand sufficient to enhance peak aerobic power could not be tolerated or sustained by participants. The impact of endurance eccentric training on peripheral flow distribution remains largely undocumented. Given the high damage susceptibility of eccentric exercise, the extent to which skeletal muscle oxygen utilization adaptations would be seen depends on the balance of adverse and positive signals on mitochondrial integrity. The article examines the protection provided by repeated bouts of acute eccentric exercise and reports on the impact of eccentric cycling and downhill running training programs on markers of mitochondrial function and of mitochondrial biogenesis using mostly from animal studies. The summary of findings does not reveal an impact of training on skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration nor on selected mitochondrial messenger RNA transcripts. The implications of observations to date are discussed within future perspectives for advancing research on endurance eccentric exercise physiological impacts and using a combined eccentric and concentric exercise approach to optimize functional capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julianne Touron
- UCA–INRAE, Human Nutrition Unit, ASMS Team, University Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Frédéric Costes
- UCA–INRAE, Human Nutrition Unit, ASMS Team, University Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Service de Médecine du Sport et des Explorations Fonctionnelles, CHU Gabriel Montpied, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Emmanuel Coudeyre
- UCA–INRAE, Human Nutrition Unit, ASMS Team, University Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Service de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation, CHU Gabriel Montpied/CHU Louise Michel, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Hélène Perrault
- Respiratory Division, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ruddy Richard
- UCA–INRAE, Human Nutrition Unit, ASMS Team, University Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Service de Médecine du Sport et des Explorations Fonctionnelles, CHU Gabriel Montpied, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Unité d’Exploration en Nutrition (UEN), CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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3
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Miller VJ, LaFountain RA, Barnhart E, Sapper TS, Short J, Arnold WD, Hyde PN, Crabtree CD, Kackley ML, Kraemer WJ, Villamena FA, Volek JS. A ketogenic diet combined with exercise alters mitochondrial function in human skeletal muscle while improving metabolic health. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2020; 319:E995-E1007. [PMID: 32985255 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00305.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Animal data indicate that ketogenic diets are associated with improved mitochondrial function, but human data are lacking. We aimed to characterize skeletal muscle mitochondrial changes in response to a ketogenic diet combined with exercise training in healthy individuals. Twenty-nine physically active adults completed a 12-wk supervised exercise program after self-selection into a ketogenic diet (KD, n = 15) group or maintenance of their habitual mixed diet (MD, n = 14). Measures of metabolic health and muscle biopsies (vastus lateralis) were obtained before and after the intervention. Mitochondria were isolated from muscle and studied after exposure to carbohydrate (pyruvate), fat (palmitoyl-l-carnitine), and ketone (β-hydroxybutyrate+acetoacetate) substrates. Compared with MD, the KD resulted in increased whole body resting fat oxidation (P < 0.001) and decreased fasting insulin (P = 0.019), insulin resistance [homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), P = 0.022], and visceral fat (P < 0.001). The KD altered mitochondrial function as evidenced by increases in mitochondrial respiratory control ratio (19%, P = 0.009), ATP production (36%, P = 0.028), and ATP/H2O2 (36%, P = 0.033) with the fat-based substrate. ATP production with the ketone-based substrate was four to eight times lower than with other substrates, indicating minimal oxidation. The KD resulted in a small decrease in muscle glycogen (14%, P = 0.035) and an increase in muscle triglyceride (81%, P = 0.006). These results expand our understanding of human adaptation to a ketogenic diet combined with exercise. In conjunction with weight loss, we observed altered skeletal muscle mitochondrial function and efficiency, an effect that may contribute to the therapeutic use of ketogenic diets in various clinical conditions, especially those associated with insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent J Miller
- OSU Interdisciplinary PhD Program in Nutrition, Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | | | - Emily Barnhart
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Teryn S Sapper
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jay Short
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - W David Arnold
- Department of Neurology, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Parker N Hyde
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | | | - Madison L Kackley
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - William J Kraemer
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Frederick A Villamena
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jeff S Volek
- OSU Interdisciplinary PhD Program in Nutrition, Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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4
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Kim K, Monroe JC, Gavin TP, Roseguini BT. Local Heat Therapy to Accelerate Recovery After Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 2020; 48:163-169. [PMID: 32658042 DOI: 10.1249/jes.0000000000000230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The prolonged impairment in muscle strength, power, and fatigue resistance after eccentric exercise has been ascribed to a plethora of mechanisms, including delayed muscle refueling and microvascular and mitochondrial dysfunction. This review explores the hypothesis that local heat therapy hastens functional recovery after strenuous eccentric exercise by facilitating glycogen resynthesis, reversing vascular derangements, augmenting mitochondrial function, and stimulating muscle protein synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoungrae Kim
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
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5
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Li H, Cheng F, Robledo-Lara JA, Liao J, Wang Z, Zhang YS. Fabrication of paper-based devices for in vitro tissue modeling. Biodes Manuf 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42242-020-00077-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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6
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Nichenko AS, Southern WM, Tehrani KF, Qualls AE, Flemington AB, Mercer GH, Yin A, Mortensen LJ, Yin H, Call JA. Mitochondrial-specific autophagy linked to mitochondrial dysfunction following traumatic freeze injury in mice. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2019; 318:C242-C252. [PMID: 31721614 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00123.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to interrogate the link between mitochondrial dysfunction and mitochondrial-specific autophagy in skeletal muscle. C57BL/6J mice were used to establish a time course of mitochondrial function and autophagy induction after fatigue (n = 12), eccentric contraction-induced injury (n = 20), or traumatic freeze injury (FI, n = 28); only FI resulted in a combination of mitochondrial dysfunction, i.e., decreased mitochondrial respiration, and autophagy induction. Moving forward, we tested the hypothesis that mitochondrial-specific autophagy is important for the timely recovery of mitochondrial function after FI. Following FI, there is a significant increase in several mitochondrial-specific autophagy-related protein contents including dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), BCL1 interacting protein (BNIP3), Pink1, and Parkin (~2-fold, P < 0.02). Also, mitochondrial-enriched fractions from FI muscles showed microtubule-associated protein light chain B1 (LC3)II colocalization suggesting autophagosome assembly around the damaged mitochondrial. Unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase (Ulk1) is considered necessary for mitochondrial-specific autophagy and herein we utilized a mouse model with Ulk1 deficiency in adult skeletal muscle (myogenin-Cre). While Ulk1 knockouts had contractile weakness compared with littermate controls (-27%, P < 0.02), the recovery of mitochondrial function was not different, and this may be due in part to a partial rescue of Ulk1 protein content within the regenerating muscle tissue of knockouts from differentiated satellite cells in which Ulk1 was not genetically altered via myogenin-Cre. Lastly, autophagy flux was significantly less in injured versus uninjured muscles (-26%, P < 0.02) despite the increase in autophagy-related protein content. This suggests autophagy flux is not upregulated to match increases in autophagy machinery after injury and represents a potential bottleneck in the clearance of damaged mitochondria by autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna S Nichenko
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.,Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - W Michael Southern
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.,Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | | | - Anita E Qualls
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | | | - Grant H Mercer
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Amelia Yin
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Luke J Mortensen
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Hang Yin
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Jarrod A Call
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.,Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
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7
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Hody S, Croisier JL, Bury T, Rogister B, Leprince P. Eccentric Muscle Contractions: Risks and Benefits. Front Physiol 2019; 10:536. [PMID: 31130877 PMCID: PMC6510035 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Eccentric contractions, characterized by the lengthening of the muscle-tendon complex, present several unique features compared with other types of contractions, which may lead to unique adaptations. Due to its specific physiological and mechanical properties, there is an increasing interest in employing eccentric muscle work for rehabilitation and clinical purposes. However, unaccustomed eccentric exercise is known to cause muscle damage and delayed pain, commonly defined as “Delayed-Onset Muscular Soreness” (DOMS). To date, the most useful preventive strategy to avoid these adverse effects consists of repeating sessions involving submaximal eccentric contractions whose intensity is progressively increased over the training. Despite an increased number of investigations focusing on the eccentric contraction, a significant gap still remains in our understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the initial damage response and subsequent adaptations to eccentric exercise. Yet, unraveling the molecular basis of exercise-related muscle damage and soreness might help uncover the mechanistic basis of pathological conditions as myalgia or neuromuscular diseases. In addition, a better insight into the mechanisms governing eccentric training adaptations should provide invaluable information for designing therapeutic interventions and identifying potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Hody
- Department of Motricity Sciences, University of Liège, Liege, Belgium
| | | | - Thierry Bury
- Department of Motricity Sciences, University of Liège, Liege, Belgium
| | - Bernard Rogister
- GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liège, Liege, Belgium.,Department of Neurology, The University Hospital Center, University of Liège, Liege, Belgium.,GIGA - Laboratory of Nervous System Disorders and Therapy, University of Liège, Liege, Belgium
| | - Pierre Leprince
- GIGA-Neurosciences, University of Liège, Liege, Belgium.,GIGA - Laboratory of Nervous System Disorders and Therapy, University of Liège, Liege, Belgium
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8
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Kato H, Miura K, Suzuki K, Bannai M. Leucine-Enriched Essential Amino Acids Augment Muscle Glycogen Content in Rats Seven Days after Eccentric Contraction. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9101159. [PMID: 29065533 PMCID: PMC5691775 DOI: 10.3390/nu9101159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Eccentric contractions induce muscle damage, which impairs recovery of glycogen and adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP) content over several days. Leucine-enriched essential amino acids (LEAAs) enhance the recovery in muscles that are damaged after eccentric contractions. However, the role of LEAAs in this process remains unclear. We evaluated the content in glycogen and high energy phosphates molecules (phosphocreatine (PCr), adenosine di-phosphate (ADP) and ATP) in rats that were following electrically stimulated eccentric contractions. Muscle glycogen content decreased immediately after the contraction and remained low for the first three days after the stimulation, but increased seven days after the eccentric contraction. LEAAs administration did not change muscle glycogen content during the first three days after the contraction. Interestingly, however, it induced a further increase in muscle glycogen seven days after the stimulation. Contrarily, ATP content decreased immediately after the eccentric contraction, and remained lower for up to seven days after. Additionally, LEAAs administration did not affect the ATP content over the experimental period. Finally, ADP and PCr levels did not significantly change after the contractions or LEAA administration. LEAAs modulate the recovery of glycogen content in muscle after damage-inducing exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Kato
- Frontier Research Laboratories, Institute for Innovation, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-8681, Japan.
| | - Kyoko Miura
- Frontier Research Laboratories, Institute for Innovation, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-8681, Japan.
| | - Katsuya Suzuki
- Frontier Research Laboratories, Institute for Innovation, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-8681, Japan.
| | - Makoto Bannai
- Frontier Research Laboratories, Institute for Innovation, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-8681, Japan.
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9
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Rizo-Roca D, Ríos-Kristjánsson JG, Núñez-Espinosa C, Santos-Alves E, Magalhães J, Ascensão A, Pagès T, Viscor G, Torrella JR. Modulation of mitochondrial biomarkers by intermittent hypobaric hypoxia and aerobic exercise after eccentric exercise in trained rats. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2017; 42:683-693. [PMID: 28177702 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2016-0526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Unaccustomed eccentric contractions induce muscle damage, calcium homeostasis disruption, and mitochondrial alterations. Since exercise and hypoxia are known to modulate mitochondrial function, we aimed to analyze the effects on eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage (EEIMD) in trained rats using 2 recovery protocols based on: (i) intermittent hypobaric hypoxia (IHH) and (ii) IHH followed by exercise. The expression of biomarkers related to mitochondrial biogenesis, dynamics, oxidative stress, and bioenergetics was evaluated. Soleus muscles were excised before (CTRL) and 1, 3, 7, and 14 days after an EEIMD protocol. The following treatments were applied 1 day after the EEIMD: passive normobaric recovery (PNR), 4 h daily exposure to passive IHH at 4000 m (PHR) or IHH exposure followed by aerobic exercise (AHR). Citrate synthase activity was reduced at 7 and 14 days after application of the EEIMD protocol. However, this reduction was attenuated in AHR rats at day 14. PGC-1α and Sirt3 and TOM20 levels had decreased after 1 and 3 days, but the AHR group exhibited increased expression of these proteins, as well as of Tfam, by the end of the protocol. Mfn2 greatly reduced during the first 72 h, but returned to basal levels passively. At day 14, AHR rats had higher levels of Mfn2, OPA1, and Drp1 than PNR animals. Both groups exposed to IHH showed a lower p66shc(ser36)/p66shc ratio than PNR animals, as well as higher complex IV subunit I and ANT levels. These results suggest that IHH positively modulates key mitochondrial aspects after EEIMD, especially when combined with aerobic exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Rizo-Roca
- a Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 643. E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Gabriel Ríos-Kristjánsson
- a Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 643. E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristian Núñez-Espinosa
- a Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 643. E-08028, Barcelona, Spain.,b School of Medicine, University of Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile 621-0427
| | - Estela Santos-Alves
- c Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal 4200-450
| | - José Magalhães
- c Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal 4200-450
| | - António Ascensão
- c Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal 4200-450
| | - Teresa Pagès
- a Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 643. E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ginés Viscor
- a Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 643. E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Ramon Torrella
- a Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 643. E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
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10
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Schlagowski AI, Isner-Horobeti ME, Dufour SP, Rasseneur L, Enache I, Lonsdorfer-Wolf E, Doutreleau S, Charloux A, Goupilleau F, Bentz I, Charles AL, Kouassi BY, Zoll J, Geny B, Favret F. Mitochondrial function following downhill and/or uphill exercise training in rats. Muscle Nerve 2016; 54:925-935. [PMID: 27064266 DOI: 10.1002/mus.25144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The goal of this study was to compare the effects of downhill (DH), uphill (UH), and UH-DH exercise training, at the same metabolic rate, on exercise capacity and skeletal muscle mitochondrial function. METHODS Thirty-two Wistar rats were separated into a control and 3 trained groups. The trained groups exercised for 4 weeks, 5 times per week at the same metabolic rate, either in UH, DH, or combined UH-DH. Twenty-four hours after the last training session, the soleus, gastrocnemius, and vastus intermedius muscles were removed for assessment of mitochondrial respiration. RESULTS Exercise training, at the same metabolic rate, improved maximal running speed without specificity for exercise modalities. Maximal fiber respiration was enhanced in soleus and vastus intermedius in the UH group only. CONCLUSIONS Exercise training, performed at the same metabolic rate, improved exercise capacity, but only UH-trained rats enhanced mitochondrial function in both soleus and vastus intermedius skeletal muscle. Muscle Nerve 54: 925-935, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Isabel Schlagowski
- Strasbourg University, Faculty of Medicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, EA3072 "Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscular Protection," 4 rue Kirschleger, 67085, Strasbourg, France.,CHRU of Strasbourg, Physiology and Functional Explorations Department, New Civil Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Marie-Eve Isner-Horobeti
- Strasbourg University, Faculty of Medicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, EA3072 "Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscular Protection," 4 rue Kirschleger, 67085, Strasbourg, France.,Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Institute of Rehabilitation Clémenceau, Strasbourg, France
| | - Stéphane P Dufour
- Strasbourg University, Faculty of Medicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, EA3072 "Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscular Protection," 4 rue Kirschleger, 67085, Strasbourg, France.,Strasbourg University, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Strasbourg, France
| | - Laurence Rasseneur
- Strasbourg University, Faculty of Medicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, EA3072 "Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscular Protection," 4 rue Kirschleger, 67085, Strasbourg, France.,Strasbourg University, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Strasbourg, France
| | - Irina Enache
- Strasbourg University, Faculty of Medicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, EA3072 "Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscular Protection," 4 rue Kirschleger, 67085, Strasbourg, France.,CHRU of Strasbourg, Physiology and Functional Explorations Department, New Civil Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Evelyne Lonsdorfer-Wolf
- Strasbourg University, Faculty of Medicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, EA3072 "Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscular Protection," 4 rue Kirschleger, 67085, Strasbourg, France.,CHRU of Strasbourg, Physiology and Functional Explorations Department, New Civil Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Stéphane Doutreleau
- Strasbourg University, Faculty of Medicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, EA3072 "Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscular Protection," 4 rue Kirschleger, 67085, Strasbourg, France.,CHRU of Strasbourg, Physiology and Functional Explorations Department, New Civil Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Anne Charloux
- Strasbourg University, Faculty of Medicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, EA3072 "Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscular Protection," 4 rue Kirschleger, 67085, Strasbourg, France.,CHRU of Strasbourg, Physiology and Functional Explorations Department, New Civil Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Fabienne Goupilleau
- Strasbourg University, Faculty of Medicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, EA3072 "Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscular Protection," 4 rue Kirschleger, 67085, Strasbourg, France
| | - Isabelle Bentz
- Strasbourg University, Faculty of Medicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, EA3072 "Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscular Protection," 4 rue Kirschleger, 67085, Strasbourg, France
| | - Anne Laure Charles
- Strasbourg University, Faculty of Medicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, EA3072 "Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscular Protection," 4 rue Kirschleger, 67085, Strasbourg, France
| | - Blah Y Kouassi
- Strasbourg University, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Strasbourg, France
| | - Joffrey Zoll
- Strasbourg University, Faculty of Medicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, EA3072 "Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscular Protection," 4 rue Kirschleger, 67085, Strasbourg, France.,CHRU of Strasbourg, Physiology and Functional Explorations Department, New Civil Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Bernard Geny
- Strasbourg University, Faculty of Medicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, EA3072 "Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscular Protection," 4 rue Kirschleger, 67085, Strasbourg, France.,CHRU of Strasbourg, Physiology and Functional Explorations Department, New Civil Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Fabrice Favret
- Strasbourg University, Faculty of Medicine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, EA3072 "Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscular Protection," 4 rue Kirschleger, 67085, Strasbourg, France. .,Strasbourg University, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Strasbourg, France.
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11
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Giandolini M, Vernillo G, Samozino P, Horvais N, Edwards WB, Morin JB, Millet GY. Fatigue associated with prolonged graded running. Eur J Appl Physiol 2016; 116:1859-73. [PMID: 27456477 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-016-3437-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Scientific experiments on running mainly consider level running. However, the magnitude and etiology of fatigue depend on the exercise under consideration, particularly the predominant type of contraction, which differs between level, uphill, and downhill running. The purpose of this review is to comprehensively summarize the neurophysiological and biomechanical changes due to fatigue in graded running. When comparing prolonged hilly running (i.e., a combination of uphill and downhill running) to level running, it is found that (1) the general shape of the neuromuscular fatigue-exercise duration curve as well as the etiology of fatigue in knee extensor and plantar flexor muscles are similar and (2) the biomechanical consequences are also relatively comparable, suggesting that duration rather than elevation changes affects neuromuscular function and running patterns. However, 'pure' uphill or downhill running has several fatigue-related intrinsic features compared with the level running. Downhill running induces severe lower limb tissue damage, indirectly evidenced by massive increases in plasma creatine kinase/myoglobin concentration or inflammatory markers. In addition, low-frequency fatigue (i.e., excitation-contraction coupling failure) is systematically observed after downhill running, although it has also been found in high-intensity uphill running for different reasons. Indeed, low-frequency fatigue in downhill running is attributed to mechanical stress at the interface sarcoplasmic reticulum/T-tubule, while the inorganic phosphate accumulation probably plays a central role in intense uphill running. Other fatigue-related specificities of graded running such as strategies to minimize the deleterious effects of downhill running on muscle function, the difference of energy cost versus heat storage or muscle activity changes in downhill, level, and uphill running are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene Giandolini
- Salomon SAS, Amer Sports Innovation and Sport Sciences Laboratory, 74996, Annecy, France.,Inter-universitary Laboratory of Human Movement Biology (EA 7424), University Savoie Mont Blanc, 73376, Le Bourget-du-Lac, France
| | - Gianluca Vernillo
- Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada.,CeRiSM, Research Center for Sport, Mountain and Health, University of Verona, Rovereto, TN, Italy
| | - Pierre Samozino
- Inter-universitary Laboratory of Human Movement Biology (EA 7424), University Savoie Mont Blanc, 73376, Le Bourget-du-Lac, France
| | - Nicolas Horvais
- Salomon SAS, Amer Sports Innovation and Sport Sciences Laboratory, 74996, Annecy, France.,Inter-universitary Laboratory of Human Movement Biology (EA 7424), University Savoie Mont Blanc, 73376, Le Bourget-du-Lac, France
| | - W Brent Edwards
- Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | | | - Guillaume Y Millet
- Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada.
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12
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Short-term eccentric exercise in newly diagnosed type II diabetics: an exploratory study. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-014-0193-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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13
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Magalhães J, Fraga M, Lumini-Oliveira J, Gonçalves I, Costa M, Ferreira R, Oliveira PJ, Ascensão A. Eccentric exercise transiently affects mice skeletal muscle mitochondrial function. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2013; 38:401-9. [DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2012-0226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Eccentric exercise (EE) is known to induce damage and dysfunction in skeletal muscle. However, the possible role of mitochondrial (dys)function, including the vulnerability to mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening, is unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the impact of a single acute bout of downhill running on skeletal muscle mitochondrial function. Thirty 12-week-old Charles River CD1 male mice were randomly assigned into control (C) or exercised groups. EE consisted of 120 min of downhill treadmill running at a –16° gradient. Exercised animals were sacrificed immediately (Ecc0h) and 48 h (Ecc48h) after the end of the running bout. Plasma and skeletal muscles were then obtained. Muscle mitochondrial function, including oxygen consumption prior to and after anoxia and reoxygenation, membrane potential, and MPTP opening, were evaluated. Respiratory chain complexI, II, and V activities were determined. EE significantly increased plasma creatine kinase activity (119.4 ± 5.6 vs. 1061.3 ± 46.3 vs. 256.8 ± 15.3 U·L–1, C, Ecc0h and Ecc48h, respectively) and myoglobin and interleukin-6 content. Impaired state 3 and respiratory control ratio (8.4 ± 0.4 vs. 5.6 ± 0.9 vs. 8.4 ± 0.5, C, Ecc0h and Ecc48h, respectively), as well as increased susceptibility to MPTP opening, seen by cyclosporin A-sensitive high swelling amplitude, lower time to maximal swelling velocity (313.8 ± 17.7 vs. 244.5 ± 19.4 vs. 298.5 ± 8.7 s, C, Ecc0h and Ecc48h, respectively), and calcium release immediately after the end of exercise (C vs. Ecc0h) were observed. EE induced a transient impairment in the activity of complex V (C vs. Ecc0h). No significant changes from the C group were observed 48 h after the end of EE (C vs. Ecc48h) in any analyzed parameters. In conclusion, prolonged EE transiently impaired mice skeletal muscle mitochondrial function and increased susceptibility to calcium-induced MPTP opening.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Magalhães
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta Fraga
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - José Lumini-Oliveira
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Gonçalves
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Manoel Costa
- School of Sport, University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brasil
| | - Rita Ferreira
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Paulo J. Oliveira
- CNC – Center for Neuroscience and Cellular Biology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - António Ascensão
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
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Shen YC, Yen JC, Liou KT. Ameliorative Effects of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester on an Eccentric Exercise-Induced Skeletal Muscle Injury by Down-Regulating NF-κB Mediated Inflammation. Pharmacology 2013; 91:219-28. [DOI: 10.1159/000348412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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15
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Specific training improves skeletal muscle mitochondrial calcium homeostasis after eccentric exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol 2012; 113:427-36. [DOI: 10.1007/s00421-012-2446-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2012] [Accepted: 06/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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