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Shiozawa K, Saito M, Lee JB, Kashima H, Endo MY, Ishida K, Millar PJ, Katayama K. Effects of sex and menstrual cycle phase on celiac artery blood flow during dynamic moderate-intensity leg exercise in young individuals. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2023; 135:956-967. [PMID: 37675470 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00472.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to clarify the effect of sex and menstrual cycle phase on celiac artery blood flow during dynamic exercise in healthy young humans. Eleven healthy young females (21 ± 2 yr, means ± SD) and 10 males (23 ± 3 yr) performed dynamic knee-extension and -flexion exercises at 30% of heart rate reserve for 4 min. The percent changes from baseline (Δ) for mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), mean blood flow (celMBF) in the celiac artery, and celiac vascular conductance (celVC) during exercise were calculated. Arterial blood pressure was measured using an automated sphygmomanometer, and celiac artery blood flow was recorded by Doppler ultrasonography. Female subjects performed the exercise test in the early follicular phase (EF) and in the midluteal phase (ML) of their menstrual cycle. The increase in MAP during exercise was not significantly (P > 0.05) different between sexes or between menstrual cycle phases (ΔMAP, EF in females: +16.6 ± 6.4%, ML in females: +20.2 ± 11.7%, and males: +19.9 ± 12.2%). The celMBF decreased during exercise in each group, but the response was not significantly (P > 0.05) different between sexes or between menstrual cycle phases (ΔcelMBF, EF in females: -24.6 ± 15.5%, ML in females: -25.2 ± 18.7%, and males: -29.2 ± 4.0%). The celVC decreased during dynamic exercise in each group, with no significant (P > 0.05) difference in the responses between sexes or between menstrual cycle phases (ΔcelVC, EF in females: -38.3 ± 15.0%, ML in females: -41.5 ± 19.1%, and males: -43.4 ± 7.2%). These results suggest that sex and menstrual cycle phase have minimal influence on hemodynamic responses in the splanchnic artery during dynamic moderate-intensity exercise in young healthy individuals.NEW & NOTEWORTHY During dynamic exercise, splanchnic organ blood flow is reduced from resting values. Whether sex and menstrual cycle phase influence splanchnic blood flow responses during exercise remains unknown. We show that the decrease in celiac artery blood flow during dynamic leg exercise does not differ between young females and males or between menstrual cycle phases. In young individuals, sex and menstrual cycle have minimal influence on splanchnic artery hemodynamic responses during dynamic moderate-intensity leg exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kana Shiozawa
- Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Saito
- Applied Physiology Laboratory, Toyota Technological Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Jordan B Lee
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | - Hideaki Kashima
- Department of Health Science, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masako Yamaoka Endo
- Department of Health Science, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Koji Ishida
- Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Research Center of Health, Physical Fitness and Sports, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Philip J Millar
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | - Keisho Katayama
- Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Research Center of Health, Physical Fitness and Sports, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
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Ogoh S, Washio T, Stacey BS, Tsukamoto H, Iannetelli A, Owens TS, Calverley TA, Fall L, Marley CJ, Bailey DM. Effects of continuous hypoxia on flow-mediated dilation in the cerebral and systemic circulation: on the regulatory significance of shear rate phenotype. J Physiol Sci 2022; 72:16. [PMID: 35858836 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-022-00841-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Emergent evidence suggests that cyclic intermittent hypoxia increases cerebral arterial shear rate and endothelial function, whereas continuous exposure decreases anterior cerebral oxygen (O2) delivery. To examine to what extent continuous hypoxia impacts cerebral shear rate, cerebral endothelial function, and consequent cerebral O2 delivery (CDO2), eight healthy males were randomly assigned single-blind to 7 h passive exposure to both normoxia (21% O2) and hypoxia (12% O2). Blood flow in the brachial and internal carotid arteries were determined using Duplex ultrasound and included the combined assessment of systemic and cerebral endothelium-dependent flow-mediated dilatation. Systemic (brachial artery) flow-mediated dilatation was consistently lower during hypoxia (P = 0.013 vs. normoxia), whereas cerebral flow-mediated dilation remained preserved (P = 0.927 vs. normoxia) despite a reduction in internal carotid artery antegrade shear rate (P = 0.002 vs. normoxia) and CDO2 (P < 0.001 vs. normoxia). Collectively, these findings indicate that the reduction in CDO2 appears to be independent of cerebral endothelial function and contrasts with that observed during cyclic intermittent hypoxia, highlighting the regulatory importance of (hypoxia) dose duration and flow/shear rate phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigehiko Ogoh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Toyo University, Kawagoe, Saitama, Japan.,Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and Education, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, CF37 4AT, UK
| | - Takuro Washio
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Toyo University, Kawagoe, Saitama, Japan.,Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Benjamin S Stacey
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and Education, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, CF37 4AT, UK
| | - Hayato Tsukamoto
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and Education, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, CF37 4AT, UK.,Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Angelo Iannetelli
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and Education, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, CF37 4AT, UK
| | - Thomas S Owens
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and Education, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, CF37 4AT, UK
| | - Thomas A Calverley
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and Education, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, CF37 4AT, UK
| | - Lewis Fall
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and Education, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, CF37 4AT, UK
| | - Christopher J Marley
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and Education, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, CF37 4AT, UK
| | - Damian M Bailey
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and Education, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, CF37 4AT, UK. .,Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan.
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Sakamoto R, Katayose M, Yamada Y, Neki T, Kamoda T, Tamai K, Yamazaki K, Iwamoto E. High-but not moderate-intensity exercise acutely attenuates hypercapnia-induced vasodilation of the internal carotid artery in young men. Eur J Appl Physiol 2021; 121:2471-2485. [PMID: 34028613 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-021-04721-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Exercise-induced increases in shear rate (SR) across different exercise intensities may differentially affect hypercapnia-induced vasodilation of the internal carotid artery (ICA), a potential index of cerebrovascular function. We aimed to elucidate the effects of exercise intensity on ICA SR during exercise and post-exercise hypercapnia-induced vasodilation of the ICA in young men. METHODS Twelve healthy men completed 30 min of cycling at moderate [MIE; 65 ± 5% of age-predicted maximal heart rate (HRmax)] and high (HIE; 85 ± 5% HRmax) intensities. Hypercapnia-induced vasodilation was induced by 3 min of hypercapnia (target end-tidal partial pressure of CO2 + 10 mmHg) and was assessed at pre-exercise, 5 min and 60 min after exercise. Doppler ultrasound was used to measure ICA diameter and blood velocity during exercise and hypercapnia tests. RESULTS SR was not altered during either exercise (interaction and main effects of time; both P > 0.05). ICA conductance decreased during HIE from resting values (5.1 ± 1.3 to 3.2 ± 1.0 mL·min-1·mmHg-1; P < 0.01) but not during MIE (5.0 ± 1.3 to 4.0 ± 0.8 mL·min-1·mmHg-1; P = 0.11). Consequently, hypercapnia-induced vasodilation declined immediately after HIE (6.9 ± 1.7% to 4.0 ± 1.4%; P < 0.01), but not after MIE (7.2 ± 2.1% to 7.3 ± 1.8%; P > 0.05). Sixty minutes after exercise, hypercapnia-induced vasodilation returned to baseline values in both trials (MIE 8.0 ± 3.1%; HIE 6.4 ± 2.9%; both P > 0.05). CONCLUSION The present study showed blunted hypercapnia-induced vasodilation of the ICA immediately after high-intensity exercise, but not a moderate-intensity exercise in young men. Given that the acute response is partly linked to the adaptive response in the peripheral endothelial function, the effects of aerobic training on cerebrovascular health may vary depending on exercise intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rintaro Sakamoto
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masaki Katayose
- School of Health Science, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yamada
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Toru Neki
- School of Health Science, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tatsuki Kamoda
- School of Health Science, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Tamai
- School of Health Science, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kotomi Yamazaki
- School of Health Science, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Erika Iwamoto
- School of Health Science, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan.
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