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Papathanassiou ZG, Alberghini M, Picci P, Staals E, Gambarotti M, Garaci FG, Vanel D. Solitary fibrous tumors of the soft tissues: imaging features with histopathologic correlations. Clin Sarcoma Res 2013; 3:1. [PMID: 23351922 PMCID: PMC3637805 DOI: 10.1186/2045-3329-3-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/29/2012] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To describe the imaging features of soft tissue solitary fibrous tumors, with histopathological correlations and clinical outcome. Material and methods Twenty-seven patients with histologically proven SFTs were retrospectively evaluated. Imaging studies included six radiographs, five U/S studies, eighteen CT scans, fourteen MRI exams, and one angiography. Results On CT scans, two lesions were isodense and five were mildly hypodense compared to muscle while 11 lesions appeared heterogeneous-mixed of iso and hypodense areas. Heterogeneous enhancement was depicted in 13 lesions and four lesions enhanced homogeneously. Six lesions were partially calcified. On T1W MR images, seven lesions were isointense and one was slightly hyperintense relative to adjacent muscles while five lesions appeared heterogeneous-mixed of iso and hypointense areas. T2W images showed high SI in two cases and heterogeneous-mixed in seven cases. Enhancement was heterogeneous in six and homogeneous in four lesions. Patchy unenhanced areas (on CT and T1W MR images) along with patchy areas of low to markedly high SI on T2W images were depicted in 19 lesions. The enhanced portions correlated to areas of increased vascularity and cellularity. The four clinically more aggressive lesions could not be predicted on imaging. Conclusion Typical soft tissue SFTs are deep masses made of isodense and isointense areas relative to adjacent muscles mixed with hypodense and hypointense areas on unenhanced CT and MR T1W respectively. Variable enhancement patterns and mixed to high signal intensities on MRT2W are attributed to tumor’s cellularity, vascularity, collagen distribution and/or degeneration. Heterogeneity of SFTs affects imaging features on MRI and CT modalities. The biological behavior of soft tissue SFTs can not be predicted based solely either on histopathologic or imaging evaluation.
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2
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Comprehensive genome characterization of solitary fibrous tumors using high‐resolution array‐based comparative genomic hybridization. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2012; 52:156-64. [DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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3
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Fritchie KJ, Carver P, Sun Y, Batiouchko G, Billings SD, Rubin BP, Tubbs RR, Goldblum JR. Solitary fibrous tumor: is there a molecular relationship with cellular angiofibroma, spindle cell lipoma, and mammary-type myofibroblastoma? Am J Clin Pathol 2012; 137:963-70. [PMID: 22586056 DOI: 10.1309/ajcpqeg6ynn6cnal] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a mesenchymal tumor characterized by ovoid cells, branching blood vessels, stromal hyalinization, and CD34 immunoreactivity. Studies have shown loss of 13q in a group of morphologically similar entities, including cellular angiofibroma, mammary-type myofibroblastoma, and spindle cell lipoma. The histologic and immunophenotypic overlap between SFT and the latter group of tumors suggests that these tumors may be genetically linked. We tested a group of 40 SFTs to assess for loss of RB1 (13q14) by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). All 38 SFTs with evaluable signals failed to show loss of RB1 (13q14) by FISH. All cases of cellular angiofibroma (1/1), spindle cell lipoma (6/6), and mammary-type myofibroblastoma (4/4), which were used as a control group, showed monoallelic or biallelic loss of RB1. The absence of RB1 loss in SFTs suggests that they are not related to cellular angiofibroma, mammary-type myofibroblastoma, or spindle cell lipoma.
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Shanbhogue AK, Prasad SR, Takahashi N, Vikram R, Zaheer A, Sandrasegaran K. Somatic and visceral solitary fibrous tumors in the abdomen and pelvis: cross-sectional imaging spectrum. Radiographics 2011; 31:393-408. [PMID: 21415186 DOI: 10.1148/rg.312105080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) are a unique group of mesenchymal neoplasms of fibroblastic or myofibroblastic origin. These tumors were originally described as "benign fibrous mesotheliomas" of the pleural cavity and were erroneously thought to be confined to the serosal surfaces (due to a putative mesothelial or submesothelial origin). It is now established that SFTs are ubiquitous neoplasms with both pleural and extrapleural distribution. Extrapleural SFTs commonly occur in middle-aged adults and manifest as asymptomatic, slow-growing, large tumors. Fewer than 5% of patients with SFTs present with symptomatic hypoglycemia. SFTs are histopathologically diverse with a variable admixture of fibroblasts or myofibroblasts, numerous thin-walled vessels, and dense fibrosis. Tumors previously categorized as hemangiopericytomas are now considered cellular variants of SFTs. At imaging, SFTs demonstrate remarkable heterogeneity, with variable degrees of enhancement, necrosis, or hemorrhage. Although most extrapleural SFTs have a benign clinical course, 10%-15% of these tumors demonstrate aggressive behavior in the form of recurrence or malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alampady K Shanbhogue
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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5
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Cellular angiofibroma: analysis of 25 cases emphasizing its relationship to spindle cell lipoma and mammary-type myofibroblastoma. Mod Pathol 2011; 24:82-9. [PMID: 20852591 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2010.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cellular angiofibroma represents a rare benign mesenchymal tumor, occurring mainly in the superficial soft tissue of the genital region. The involvement of 13q14 in some cases confirmed the morphological suggested link with spindle cell lipoma and mammary-type myofibroblastoma. We analyzed the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features of 25 cases, and performed in a number of cases additional molecular studies. There were 17 female and 8 male patients (age ranged from 27 to 83 years); females tended to be younger. A marked predilection for the vulva (n=13) was observed, and neoplasms in males were predominantly located in the inguinal region (n=4), and one case each in the scrotum, perianal, the knee, and the upper eyelid. The tumors arose most commonly in the superficial soft tissue and were well circumscribed in all but two cases. The tumor size ranged from 1 to 9 cm. All lesions were composed of spindle-shaped cells associated with numerous small- to medium-sized blood vessels; however, a broad morphological variation with foci of lipogenic differentiation in nine cases and sarcomatous transformation in one case was found. By immunohistochemistry, 11 out of 22 cases expressed CD34. A focal reaction for α-smooth muscle actin was observed in 9 out of 22 cases, and two cases each stained weak and focally positive for epithelial membrane antigen and CD99. In all seven cases tested, a monoallelic deletion of RB1 was detected by FISH analysis. Follow-up, available in 14 patients, showed neither local recurrence nor metastasis. In conclusion, we affirm the link between cellular angiofibroma, spindle cell lipoma, and mammary-type myofibroblastoma, showing a spectrum of one entity with morphological variations dependent on anatomic location.
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6
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Wan S, Ning L, Hong R, Wu W, Fan S, Tsuchiya H, Tomita K. Clinicopathological Features of Solitary Fibrous Tumours in the Extremities: Four Case Reports and a Literature Review. J Int Med Res 2010; 38:694-704. [PMID: 20515585 DOI: 10.1177/147323001003800234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper reports on the clinicopathological features of four patients with solitary fibrous tumours arising from the extremities and presents a review of the relevant literature. The patients consisted of three women and one man, with a mean age of 47.8 years. Standard pre-operative work-up data were examined, including: history, clinical examination, plain radiography, computed tomography scans of the lesion and chest, magnetic resonance imaging, angiography, technetium-99m bone scan, thallium-201 scintigraphy and routine laboratory tests. Immunohisto chemical staining was performed for CD34, Bcl-2 protein, vimentin, S-100 protein, desmin and smooth muscle actin, and pathological material was reviewed for the presence of histologically malignant components. Immunohistochemically, all of the tumours were diffusely positive for CD34. Clinical and radiological findings of solitary fibrous tumours affecting the extremities are reminiscent of those of aggressive or malignant soft tissue tumours. Pathological and immunohistochemical studies are important in making the correct diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Wan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - L Ning
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - R Hong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - W Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - S Fan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - H Tsuchiya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - K Tomita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
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7
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Swelam WM, Cheng J, Ida-Yonemochi H, Maruyama S, Saku T. Oral solitary fibrous tumor: a cytogenetic analysis of tumor cells in culture with literature review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 194:75-81. [PMID: 19781439 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2009.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2009] [Revised: 04/22/2009] [Accepted: 05/04/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is an uncommon spindle-cell neoplasm of mesenchymal origin. Because the pathogenetic background of SFT is still controversial, cytogenetic analysis could help in tumor diagnosis and prognosis. In this study, cultured SFT cells from a lower lip lesion that presented characteristic immunopositivity for CD34, vimentin, CD99, and BCL2 showed a unique cytogenetic finding: 46,XX,inv(2)(p21q35),t(3;12)(q25;q15). To our knowledge, this is the third report of cytogenetic result of a case involving the oral cavity. The SFT cells in culture that maintained their immunohistochemical expression of diagnostic molecules, showed unique chromosomal changes previously unreported when compared with already documented ones. Our data suggest that the complicated pathogenetic nature of SFT is possibly tumor- or organ-related.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael M Swelam
- Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia.
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8
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Rovera F, Imbriglio G, Limonta G, Marelli M, La Rosa S, Sessa F, Dionigi G, Boni L, Dionigi R. Solitary fibrous tumor of the male breast: a case report and review of the literature. World J Surg Oncol 2008; 6:16. [PMID: 18254983 PMCID: PMC2266749 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7819-6-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2007] [Accepted: 02/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Extrapleural solitary fibrous tumors are very rare and occasionally they appear in extraserosal soft tissues or parenchymatous organs. In such cases the right preoperative diagnosis is often difficult and challenging, because both radiological and cytological examinations are not exhaustive. For these reasons, surgical excision is frequently the only way to reach the correct diagnosis and to achieve definitive treatment. A few cases of solitary fibrous tumors have been also described in the breast. Although rare, this lesion opens difficulties in preoperative diagnosis entering in differential diagnosis with other benign lesions as well as with breast cancer. In this article we describe a case of a solitary fibrous tumor of the breast in a 49-year-old man. Problems related to differential diagnosis and the possible pitfalls that can be encountered in the diagnostic iter of such rare tumor are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Rovera
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Ospedale di Circolo, Varese, Italy.
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9
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Hoshino M, Ogose A, Kawashima H, Kudo N, Hotta T, Umezu H, Tohyama T, Nakade K, Beppu H, Endo N. Malignant solitary fibrous tumor of the soft tissue: a cytogenetic study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 177:55-8. [PMID: 17693192 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2007.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2006] [Revised: 02/21/2007] [Accepted: 04/04/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We report on a case of a solitary fibrous tumor that developed in the thigh of an 82-year-old woman. The tumor was composed of areas of high-grade sarcoma and typical solitary fibrous tumor. Its karyotype was: 70,XXX,+X[4],+1[2],add(1)(p36)[4],add(1)[2],+2[4],-3[4],+6[4],add(6)(p11)x2[4],+7[4],+9[3],-11[4],-12[4],-13[4],add(13)(p11)x2[4],-14[4],+15[4],-16[3],-17[4],-19[4],+20,[4],+21[4],+22[2],+mar1x2[4][cp4].
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Affiliation(s)
- Makiko Hoshino
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University Hospital, Asahimachi 1-751, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
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Martorell M, Pérez-Vallés A, Gozalbo F, Garcia-Garcia JA, Gutierrez J, Gaona J. Solitary fibrous tumor of the thigh with epithelioid features: a case report. Diagn Pathol 2007; 2:19. [PMID: 17577399 PMCID: PMC1913496 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-2-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2007] [Accepted: 06/18/2007] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extrapleural Solitary Fibrous tumors (SFTs) have been increasingly reported. The retroperitoneum, deep soft tissues of proximal extremities, abdominal cavity, trunk, head and neck are the most common extraserosal locations reported. Microscopically they show a wide range of morphological features, and so the differential diagnosis is extensive. Immunohistochemically, they commonly express CD34, vimentin, bcl-2 and CD99. Epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and smooth muscle actin (SMA) may occasionally be expressed. Epithelioid morphology in extrapleural SFT has only very occasionally been described (five cases reported), some of them with biphasic pattern and others with malignant characteristics. CASE PRESENTATION A SFT of the thigh with epithelioid areas in a 63 year old woman is reported. Microscopically the tumor showed areas hypo and hipercellular. At the periphery of the hipercellular areas there were nodules composed of epithelioid cells. Immunohistochemically both the spindle and epithelioid cells were positive for CD34, vimentin, bcl-2 and CD99. Epithelial, neural and muscular markers were negative. Molecular study was done and ruled out a synovial sarcoma. CONCLUSION Ten cases of SFT of the thigh have been reported but to our knowledge this is the first case with epithelioid morphology affecting the extremities. Identification of this pattern of SFT is of importance, to avoid misdiagnosis with other more aggressive conditions in soft tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Martorell
- Department of Pathology, Hospital General Universitario. Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Pérez-Vallés
- Department of Pathology, Hospital General Universitario. Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco Gozalbo
- Department of Pathology, Hospital General Universitario. Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Jair Gutierrez
- Department of Pathology, Hospital General Universitario. Valencia, Spain
| | - John Gaona
- Department of Pathology, Hospital General Universitario. Valencia, Spain
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11
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Horton ES, Dobin SM, Donner LR. A clonal t(8;12)(p11.2;q24.3) as the sole abnormality in a solitary fibrous tumor of the pleura. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 172:77-9. [PMID: 17175385 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2006.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2006] [Revised: 07/20/2006] [Accepted: 07/25/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A case of solitary fibrous tumor of the pleura with the karyotype 46,XY,t(8;12)(p11.2;q24.3) is reported. Although rearrangement of 12q15 approximately 24 is a recurring abnormality in solitary fibrous tumors, rearrangement of chromosome 8 was previously unreported in these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine S Horton
- Department of Pathology, Scott and White Memorial Hospital, and Scott, Sherwood and Brindley Foundation, The Texas A&M University System Health Science Center College of Medicine, 2401 South 31st Street, Temple, TX 76508, USA
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12
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Daigeler A, Lehnhardt M, Langer S, Steinstraesser L, Steinau HU, Mentzel T, Kuhnen C. Clinicopathological findings in a case series of extrathoracic solitary fibrous tumors of soft tissues. BMC Surg 2006; 6:10. [PMID: 16824225 PMCID: PMC1523192 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2482-6-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2006] [Accepted: 07/06/2006] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Solitary fibrous tumors (SFT) represent a rare entity of soft tissue tumors. Previously considered being of serosal origin and solely limited to the pleural cavity the tumor has been described in other locations, most particularly the head and neck. Extrathoracic SFT in the soft tissues of the trunk and the extremities are very rare. Nine cases of this rare tumor entity are described in the course of this article with respect to clinicopathological data, follow-up and treatment results. METHODS Data were obtained from patients' records, phone calls to the patients' general practitioners, and clinical follow-up examination, including chest X-ray, abdominal ultrasound, and MRI or computed tomography. RESULTS There were 6 females and 3 males, whose age at time of diagnosis ranged from 32 to 92 years (mean: 62.2 years). The documented tumors' size was 4.5 to 10 cm (mean: 7 cm). All tumors were located in deep soft tissues, 3 of them epifascial, 2 subfascial, 4 intramuscular. Four tumors were found at the extremities, one each at the flank, in the neck, at the shoulder, in the gluteal region, and in the deep groin. Two out of 9 cases were diagnosed as atypical or malignant variant of ESFT. Complete resection was performed in all cases. Follow-up time ranged from 1 to 71 months. One of the above.mentioned patients with atypical ESFT suffered from local relapse and metastatic disease; the remaining 8 patients were free of disease. CONCLUSION ESFT usually behave as benign soft tissue tumors, although malignant variants with more aggressive local behaviour (local relapse) and metastasis may occur. The risk of local recurrence and metastasis correlates to tumor size and histological status of surgical resection margins and may reach up to 10% even in so-called "benign" tumors. Tumor specimens should be evaluated by experienced soft tissue pathologists. The treatment of choice is complete resection followed by extended follow-up surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Daigeler
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Burn Center, Hand Center, Sarcoma Reference Center, BG-University-Hospital "Bergmannsheil", Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany
| | - Marcus Lehnhardt
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Burn Center, Hand Center, Sarcoma Reference Center, BG-University-Hospital "Bergmannsheil", Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany
| | - Stefan Langer
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Burn Center, Hand Center, Sarcoma Reference Center, BG-University-Hospital "Bergmannsheil", Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany
| | - Lars Steinstraesser
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Burn Center, Hand Center, Sarcoma Reference Center, BG-University-Hospital "Bergmannsheil", Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Steinau
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Burn Center, Hand Center, Sarcoma Reference Center, BG-University-Hospital "Bergmannsheil", Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas Mentzel
- Dermatohistopathologisches Gemeinschaftslabor, Friedrichshafen, Germany
| | - Cornelius Kuhnen
- Institute of Pathology, BG-Hospital "Bergmannsheil", Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany
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Anders JO, Aurich M, Lang T, Wagner A. Solitary fibrous tumor in the thigh: review of the literature. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2005; 132:69-75. [PMID: 16283380 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-005-0055-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2005] [Accepted: 10/14/2005] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Solitary fibrous tumors (SFT) of extremities, especially the thighs are very rare. Despite SFTs are generally benign, well-circumscribed soft tissue tumors new cases should be presented and followed up carefully to monitor their biological behavior. In general for tumor classification a biopsy is state of the art. Histological including immunohistochemical patterns for SFTs are defined. MRI and ultrasound are not sufficient for differential diagnosis. Once property identified and defined by size and location, resection with intact tumor capsule may result in full recovery of the patient. Reviewing the literature there are no validated reasons for a wider resection. The current patient was a 41-year-old male. Four years after an arthroscopy of the left knee the patient has been suffering an ongoing swelling of the lateral thigh. Because MRI scan data suggested a synovial sarcoma a biopsy was performed. The tumor was classified as a benign SFT. The diagnosis based on histological findings and the presence of the positive immunohistochemical markers Vimentin, CD34, and CD99. The complete tumor resection with intact capsule was achieved in a final operation. Clinical and in MRI after 54-month outcome period there were no local recurrences.
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Affiliation(s)
- J O Anders
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Waldkrankenhaus Rudolf Elle Eisenberg, Klosterlausnitzerstr. 81, 07607 Eisenberg, Germany.
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14
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Ness GO, Lybaek H, Arnes J, Rødahl E. Chromosomal imbalances in a recurrent solitary fibrous tumor of the orbit. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 162:38-44. [PMID: 16157198 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2005.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2004] [Revised: 01/19/2005] [Accepted: 01/25/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Using comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), array CGH, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and loss of heterozygosity analysis, we examined a recurrent solitary fibrous tumor of the orbit for chromosomal imbalances. In the primary tumor, loss of chromosomal material was observed at 9p, 9q, and 16q. In the first recurrent tumor, cells with these abnormalities were detected, but in some parts of the tumor, cells with losses at 13q (homozygous deletion at 13qter) and 20p were dominant. In the second recurrence, only cells with losses at 13q and 20p were seen. Although morphologically similar, the second recurrent tumor invaded the anterior cranial fossa and demonstrated considerably faster growth than the first recurrent tumor. Thus, the clone of tumor cells that dominated the second recurrent tumor was shown by cytogenetic analysis to be different from that present in the primary tumor, and was associated with a more aggressive nature of the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gro Oddveig Ness
- Center for Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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15
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Rakheja D, Wilson KS, Meehan JJ, Schultz RA, Maale GE, Timmons CF. Extrapleural benign solitary fibrous tumor in the shoulder of a 9-year-old girl: case report and review of the literature. Pediatr Dev Pathol 2004; 7:653-60. [PMID: 15630539 DOI: 10.1007/s10024-004-6065-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2004] [Accepted: 08/18/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We report a case of a benign solitary fibrous tumor that occurred in the right shoulder of a 9-year-old girl. This case is remarkable due to the unusual location of its occurrence and the young age of the patient. In addition, cytogenetic analysis revealed a karyotype unreported in this neoplasm: 46,XX,der(4)t(4;9)(q31.1;q34), del(9)(p22p24),der(9)t(4;9)(q31.1;q34)ins(9;?)(q34;?) (17 cells)/46,XX (3 cells).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Rakheja
- Department of Pathology, MC 9073, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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16
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Neeff H, Obermaier R, Technau-Ihling K, Werner M, Kurtz C, Imdahl A, Hopt UT. Solitary fibrous tumour of the liver: case report and review of the literature. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2004; 389:293-8. [PMID: 15221390 DOI: 10.1007/s00423-004-0488-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2004] [Accepted: 03/24/2004] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Solitary fibrous tumours (SFTs) of the liver are very rare entities. Although firstly described to be tumours of pleural origin, SFTs have been reported in various organs such as the meninges, orbit, upper respiratory tract, thyroid, peritoneum, retroperitoneum and soft tissues. Histologically, this tumour often shows alternating cellular and relatively acellular areas. The cellular areas show a wide variety of patterns, making it difficult for it to be differentiated from other mesenchymal tumours. Its immunohistochemical positivity for CD34 and vimentin is believed to be unique. Histiogenesis of SFTs, however, is not yet fully understood. They are known to be usually benign, with only few reports indicating their ability to metastasize. PATIENTS AND METHODS We review the literature on SFTs of the liver and report on the case of a 63-year-old female patient with a large SFT of the right liver. CONCLUSIONS Surgical resection seems to be the treatment of choice. Local recurrence is scarce. Due to the very limited number of cases, data regarding the long-term survival of patients are lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Neeff
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Albert-Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Hugstetterstrasse 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany.
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17
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Mahmood MN, Salama ME, Chaffins M, Ormsby AH, Ma CK, Linden MD, Lee MW. Solitary sclerotic fibroma of skin: a possible link with pleomorphic fibroma with immunophenotypic expression for O13 (CD99) and CD34. J Cutan Pathol 2003; 30:631-6. [PMID: 14744088 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0560.2003.00126.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Solitary sclerotic fibroma (SF) presents as a well circumscribed dermal nodule, composed of sparse spindle cells with alternating wavy collagen fibers arranged in a storiform pattern. The histogenesis and nature of this histologically distinct lesion are uncertain. Whether this peculiar tumor represents a true hamartoma or a degenerating end of various fibrous lesions such as pleomorphic fibroma (PF), dermatofibroma, or angiofibroma is still controversial. High proliferating index of spindle cells in SF argues against the possibility of being a degenerating end product of another lesion. METHODS We studied morphological features and immunoprofile of eight SFs, in comparison with four PFs, one collagenized dermatofibroma, two angiofibromas, and two periungual fibromas. Immunostains for CD34, CD31, O13 (CD99), Factor XIIIa, S-100, CD68 (KP-1), and MIB-1 were carried out using a labeled streptavidin-biotin method with DAKO-automated immunostainer. Paraffin blocks of two SFs were reprocessed for electron microscopic studies. Clinical data of all patients with SF were also reviewed. RESULTS Spindle cells and pleomorphic cells in SF and PF showed diffuse immunoreactivity for CD34 and O13 but were negative for CD31, S-100, and CD68. Spindle cells in one dermatofibroma and one angiofibroma were positive for Factor XIIIa. Proliferating index (MIB-1) was very low in all cases of SF, contradicting some previous reports. CONCLUSIONS SF is a fibrotic lesion with cells positive for CD34 and O13. It shares a common immunoprofile with PF but is distinct from dermatofibroma and other common spindle cell lesions of skin. O13 expression in SF has not been previously described.
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Akisue T, Matsumoto K, Kizaki T, Fujita I, Yamamoto T, Yoshiya S, Kurosaka M. Solitary fibrous tumor in the extremity: case report and review of the literature. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2003:236-44. [PMID: 12782880 DOI: 10.1097/01.blo.0000065839.77325.b4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A solitary fibrous tumor is a relatively unusual neoplasm first described as a distinctive tumor arising from pleura. Some reports have shown that solitary fibrous tumors also affect extrathoracic regions. The current study presents a literature review with four additional patients with solitary fibrous tumor arising from the extremities to clarify clinicopathologic features. The current four patients were two males and two females, ranging from 17 to 60 years of age. Magnetic resonance imaging scans of the current patients showed inhomogeneous low to intermediate intensity signal on T1-weighted images and inhomogeneous intermediate to high intensity signal on T2-weighted images. Histologically, the tumors were composed of a haphazard proliferation of spindle cells, although cellularity was variable in each case. Two of the four tumors showed hypercellularity of spindle cells with focally myxomatous or hyaline changes, whereas myxomatous patterns with scattered spindle cells throughout the specimens were observed in the other two tumors. Immunohistochemically, all four patients showed positive immunoreactivity for CD34, and two tumors showed focally positive immunoreactivity for bcl-2 protein. During the followup of 12 to 54 months, neither local recurrence nor distant metastasis was detected after wide resection. Examination of the literature and the current patients suggests that solitary fibrous tumors in the extremities are likely to have a malignant potential, although most patients have a benign clinical course. Local wide resection and careful long-term followup are necessary for patients with solitary fibrous tumor in the extremities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Akisue
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hyogo Medical Center for Adults, Akashi, Japan
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Shidham VB, Chivukula M, Gupta D, Rao RN, Komorowski R. Immunohistochemical comparison of gastrointestinal stromal tumor and solitary fibrous tumor. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2002; 126:1189-92. [PMID: 12296756 DOI: 10.5858/2002-126-1189-icogst] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The differential diagnosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) and solitary fibrous tumors (SFT) may be a diagnostic challenging because of overlapping clinicopathologic features. Many studies have shown consistent immunoreactivity for CD117 (c-Kit) in GIST. However, only a few studies have evaluated CD117 expression in SFT, and these studies have used an antibody from Santa Cruz Biotechnology. In non-GIST lesions, reactivity with this antibody has been shown to differ from that with a CD117 antibody from Dako Corporation. The immunoreactivity of SFT with the Dako CD117 antibody has not been reported. Conversely, CD99 is a marker for SFT, and its expression in GIST has not been evaluated. OBJECTIVE To study the immunohistochemical profiles of GIST and SFT to evaluate their diagnostic overlap. DESIGN We studied the immunoreactivity of 27 unequivocal GIST and 19 unequivocal extra-abdominal SFT for CD117, CD34, CD99, alpha-smooth muscle actin, vimentin, CD31, S100 protein, and muscle-specific actin. All antibodies, including CD117, were from Dako Corporation. RESULTS We found positive immunoreactivity for CD117 in 100% of GIST and none of SFT; for CD34 in 89% of GIST, and 100% of SFT; for CD99 in 89% of GIST and 100% of SFT; for alpha-smooth muscle actin in 48% of GIST and 31% of SFT; for vimentin in 89% of GIST and 90% of SFT; and for muscle-specific actin in 22% of GIST and none of SFT. None of the GIST or SFT showed immunoreactivity for CD31 and S100 protein. CONCLUSIONS The major difference between GIST and SFT was strong CD117 immunoexpression in all GIST and an absence of this expression in all SFT. With the exception of muscle-specific actin, the prevalence of immunoreactivity for the markers studied did not differ substantially between these 2 tumors. We conclude that GIST and SFT show distinctly divergent immunoprofiles with respect to CD117 and muscle-specific actin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod B Shidham
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 53226, USA.
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Martin AJ, Summersgill BM, Fisher C, Shipley JM, Dean AF. Chromosomal imbalances in meningeal solitary fibrous tumors. CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 2002; 135:160-4. [PMID: 12127400 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-4608(01)00646-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We present the results of a comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) analysis of three meningeal solitary fibrous tumors (SFT). One case showed loss of chromosome 3 and two tumors had deletions of the region 3p21-p26. Other chromosomal losses included 4p15, 8q22-q24, 10, 11q14-q25, 17q11- q23, 20, and 21 in one case each. In addition, there were gains of 18p11-p13 in one case, and 1p11-p36 and 20q11-q13 in another. To our knowledge, there are no previous CGH or cytogenetic data on meningeal SFT, and loss of material on chromosome 3 has not been described in SFT at other sites. Our findings are discussed in relation to published molecular genetic and cytogenetic data on meningioma and hemangiopericytoma, the two lesions with which meningeal SFT are most likely to be confused.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Martin
- Department of Neurosurgery, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, UK.
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