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Abstract
Exocytosis is the fundamental process by which cells communicate with each other. The events that lead up to the fusion of a vesicle loaded with chemical messenger with the cell membrane were the subject of a Nobel Prize in 2013. However, the processes occurring after the initial formation of a fusion pore are very much still in debate. The release of chemical messenger has traditionally been thought to occur through full distention of the vesicle membrane, hence assuming exocytosis to be all or none. In contrast to the all or none hypothesis, here we discuss the evidence that during exocytosis the vesicle-membrane pore opens to release only a portion of the transmitter content during exocytosis and then close again. This open and closed exocytosis is distinct from kiss-and-run exocytosis, in that it appears to be the main content released during regular exocytosis. The evidence for this partial release via open and closed exocytosis is presented considering primarily the quantitative evidence obtained with amperometry.
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Moustafa A, Habara Y. Cross talk between polysulfide and nitric oxide in rat peritoneal mast cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2016; 310:C894-902. [PMID: 27053521 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00028.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to define the effects of polysulfide on intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]i) and the underlying machinery, especially from the hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and nitric oxide (NO) perspectives, in rat peritoneal mast cells. We found that a polysulfide donor, Na2S4, increased [Ca(2+)]i, which is both extracellular and intracellular Ca(2+) dependent. Intracellular Ca(2+) release induced by Na2S4 was attenuated by the addition of a ryanodine receptor blocker. A slow-releasing H2S donor, GYY4137, dose dependently increased [Ca(2+)]i that was independent from extracellular Ca(2+) influx. The GYY4137-induced [Ca(2+)]i release was partially attenuated in the presence of the ryanodine receptor blocker. Both polysulfide and H2S donors increased the intracellular NO levels in DAF-2-loaded mast cells, which were abolished by an NO scavenger, cPTIO. Inhibition of NO synthase (NOS) significantly abolished the polysulfide- or H2S-donor-induced [Ca(2+)]i elevation in the absence of extracellular Ca(2+) An NO donor, diethylamine (DEA) NONOate, increased [Ca(2+)]i in a concentration-dependent manner, in which both extracellular and intracellular Ca(2+) are associated. At higher concentrations, the DEA NONOate-induced [Ca(2+)]i increases were attenuated in the absence of extracellular Ca(2+) and by the addition of the ryanodine receptor blocker. H2S and NO dose dependently induced polysulfide production. Curiously, polysulfide, H2S, and NO donors had no effect on mast cell degranulation. Among synthases, cystathionine-γ-lyase, and neuronal NOS seemed to be the major H2S- and NO-producing synthases, respectively. These results indicate that polysulfide acts as a potential signaling molecule that regulates [Ca(2+)]i homeostasis in rat peritoneal mast cells via a cross talk with NO and H2S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Moustafa
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Yoshiaki Habara
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; and
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Amperometric detection of vesicular exocytosis from BON cells at carbon fiber microelectrodes. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.07.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Trouillon R, Ewing AG. Actin controls the vesicular fraction of dopamine released during extended kiss and run exocytosis. ACS Chem Biol 2014; 9:812-20. [PMID: 24400601 PMCID: PMC3985473 DOI: 10.1021/cb400665f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
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The effect of latrunculin A, an inhibitor
of actin cross-linking,
on exocytosis in PC12 cells was investigated with single cell amperometry.
This analysis strongly suggests that the actin cytoskeleton might
be involved in regulating exocytosis, especially by mediating the
constriction of the pore. In an extended kiss-and-run release mode,
actin could actually control the fraction of neurotransmitters released
by the vesicle. This scaffold appears to contribute, with the lipid
membrane and the protein machinery, to the closing dynamics of the
pore, in competition with other forces mediating the opening of the
exocytotic channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaël Trouillon
- Department
of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Andrew G. Ewing
- Department
of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Trouillon R, Ewing AG. Amperometric measurements at cells support a role for dynamin in the dilation of the fusion pore during exocytosis. Chemphyschem 2013; 14:2295-301. [PMID: 23824748 PMCID: PMC3794367 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201300319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Dynamin is a GTPase mechanochemical enzyme involved in the late steps of endocytosis, where it separates the endocytotic vesicle from the cell membrane. However, recent reports have emphasized its role in exocytosis. In this case, dynamin may contribute to the control of the exocytotic pore, thus suggesting a direct control on the efflux of neurotransmitters. Dynasore, a selective inhibitor of the GTPase activity of dynamin, was used to investigate the role of dynamin in exocytosis. Exocytosis was analyzed by amperometry, thus revealing that dynasore inhibits exocytosis in a dose-dependent manner. Analysis of the exocytotic peaks shows that the inhibition of the GTPase activity of dynamin leads to shorter, smaller events. This observation, together with the rapid effect of dynasore, suggests that the blocking of the GTPase induces the formation of a more narrow and short-lived fusion pore. These results suggest that the GTPase properties of dynamin are involved in the duration and kinetics of exocytotic release. Interestingly, and in strong contrast with its role in endocytosis, the mechanochemical properties of dynamin appear to contribute to the dilation and stability of the pore during exocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaël Trouillon
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, S-41296, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Andrew G. Ewing
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, S-41296, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Mathieu V, Wauthoz N, Lefranc F, Niemann H, Amighi K, Kiss R, Proksch P. Cyclic versus hemi-bastadins. pleiotropic anti-cancer effects: from apoptosis to anti-angiogenic and anti-migratory effects. Molecules 2013; 18:3543-61. [PMID: 23519198 PMCID: PMC6269779 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18033543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Revised: 02/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Bastadins-6, -9 and -16 isolated from the marine sponge Ianthella basta displayed in vitro cytostatic and/or cytotoxic effects in six human and mouse cancer cell lines. The in vitro growth inhibitory effects of these bastadins were similar in cancer cell lines sensitive to pro-apoptotic stimuli versus cancer cell lines displaying various levels of resistance to pro-apoptotic stimuli. While about ten times less toxic than the natural cyclic bastadins, the synthetically derived 5,5'-dibromohemibastadin-1 (DBHB) displayed not only in vitro growth inhibitory activity in cancer cells but also anti-angiogenic properties. At a concentration of one tenth of its in vitro growth inhibitory concentration, DBHB displayed actual antimigratory effects in mouse B16F10 melanoma cells without any sign of cytotoxicity and/or growth inhibition. The serum concentration used in the cell culture media markedly influenced the DBHB-induced antimigratory effects in the B16F10 melanoma cell population. We are currently developing a specific inhalation formulation for DBHB enabling this compound to avoid plasmatic albumin binding through its direct delivery to the lungs to combat primary as well as secondary (metastases) tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Mathieu
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus de la Plaine, Boulevard du Triomphe, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; E-Mail:
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +32-478-317-388
| | - Nathalie Wauthoz
- Laboratoire de Pharmacie Galénique et de Biopharmacie, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus de la Plaine, Boulevard du Triomphe, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; E-Mails: (N.W.); (K.A.)
| | - Florence Lefranc
- Service de Neurochirurgie, Hôpital Erasme, ULB, Route de Lennik, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; E-Mail:
| | - Hendrik Niemann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; E-Mails: (H.N.); (P.P.)
| | - Karim Amighi
- Laboratoire de Pharmacie Galénique et de Biopharmacie, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus de la Plaine, Boulevard du Triomphe, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; E-Mails: (N.W.); (K.A.)
| | - Robert Kiss
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus de la Plaine, Boulevard du Triomphe, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; E-Mail:
| | - Peter Proksch
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; E-Mails: (H.N.); (P.P.)
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Oleinick A, Lemaître F, Collignon MG, Svir I, Amatore C. Vesicular release of neurotransmitters: converting amperometric measurements into size, dynamics and energetics of initial fusion pores. Faraday Discuss 2013; 164:33-55. [DOI: 10.1039/c3fd00028a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Dráber P, Sulimenko V, Dráberová E. Cytoskeleton in mast cell signaling. Front Immunol 2012; 3:130. [PMID: 22654883 PMCID: PMC3360219 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2012.00130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2012] [Accepted: 05/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cell activation mediated by the high affinity receptor for IgE (FcεRI) is a key event in allergic response and inflammation. Other receptors on mast cells, as c-Kit for stem cell factor and G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) synergistically enhance the FcεRI-mediated release of inflammatory mediators. Activation of various signaling pathways in mast cells results in changes in cell morphology, adhesion to substrate, exocytosis, and migration. Reorganization of cytoskeleton is pivotal in all these processes. Cytoskeletal proteins also play an important role in initial stages of FcεRI and other surface receptors induced triggering. Highly dynamic microtubules formed by αβ-tubulin dimers as well as microfilaments build up from polymerized actin are affected in activated cells by kinases/phosphatases, Rho GTPases and changes in concentration of cytosolic Ca(2+). Also important are nucleation proteins; the γ-tubulin complexes in case of microtubules or Arp 2/3 complex with its nucleation promoting factors and formins in case of microfilaments. The dynamic nature of microtubules and microfilaments in activated cells depends on many associated/regulatory proteins. Changes in rigidity of activated mast cells reflect changes in intermediate filaments build up from vimentin. This review offers a critical appraisal of current knowledge on the role of cytoskeleton in mast cells signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Dráber
- Department of Biology of Cytoskeleton, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech RepublicPrague, Czech Republic
| | - Vadym Sulimenko
- Department of Biology of Cytoskeleton, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech RepublicPrague, Czech Republic
| | - Eduarda Dráberová
- Department of Biology of Cytoskeleton, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech RepublicPrague, Czech Republic
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Svendsen Ø, Barczyk M, Popova S, Lidén A, Gullberg D, Wiig H. The α11β1 Integrin Has a Mechanistic Role in Control of Interstitial Fluid Pressure and Edema Formation in Inflammation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2009; 29:1864-70. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.109.194308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ø.S. Svendsen
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care (Ø.S.S.), Haukeland University Hospital, and the Department of Biomedicine (Ø.S.S., M.M.B., S.N.P., Å.L., D.G., H.W.), University of Bergen, Norway
| | - M.M. Barczyk
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care (Ø.S.S.), Haukeland University Hospital, and the Department of Biomedicine (Ø.S.S., M.M.B., S.N.P., Å.L., D.G., H.W.), University of Bergen, Norway
| | - S.N. Popova
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care (Ø.S.S.), Haukeland University Hospital, and the Department of Biomedicine (Ø.S.S., M.M.B., S.N.P., Å.L., D.G., H.W.), University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Å Lidén
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care (Ø.S.S.), Haukeland University Hospital, and the Department of Biomedicine (Ø.S.S., M.M.B., S.N.P., Å.L., D.G., H.W.), University of Bergen, Norway
| | - D. Gullberg
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care (Ø.S.S.), Haukeland University Hospital, and the Department of Biomedicine (Ø.S.S., M.M.B., S.N.P., Å.L., D.G., H.W.), University of Bergen, Norway
| | - H. Wiig
- From the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care (Ø.S.S.), Haukeland University Hospital, and the Department of Biomedicine (Ø.S.S., M.M.B., S.N.P., Å.L., D.G., H.W.), University of Bergen, Norway
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Shumilina E, Lam RS, Wölbing F, Matzner N, Zemtsova IM, Sobiesiak M, Mahmud H, Sausbier U, Biedermann T, Ruth P, Sausbier M, Lang F. Blunted IgE-Mediated Activation of Mast Cells in Mice Lacking the Ca2+-Activated K+ Channel KCa3.1. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2008; 180:8040-7. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.180.12.8040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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