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Ran Q, Li A, Tan Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Chen H. Action and therapeutic targets of myosin light chain kinase, an important cardiovascular signaling mechanism. Pharmacol Res 2024; 206:107276. [PMID: 38944220 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
The global incidence of cardiac diseases is increasing, imposing a substantial socioeconomic burden on healthcare systems. The pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease is complex and not fully understood, and the physiological function of the heart is inextricably linked to well-regulated cardiac muscle movement. Myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) is essential for myocardial contraction and diastole, cardiac electrophysiological homeostasis, vasoconstriction of vascular nerves and blood pressure regulation. In this sense, MLCK appears to be an attractive therapeutic target for cardiac diseases. MLCK participates in myocardial cell movement and migration through diverse pathways, including regulation of calcium homeostasis, activation of myosin light chain phosphorylation, and stimulation of vascular smooth muscle cell contraction or relaxation. Recently, phosphorylation of myosin light chains has been shown to be closely associated with the activation of myocardial exercise signaling, and MLCK mediates systolic and diastolic functions of the heart through the interaction of myosin thick filaments and actin thin filaments. It works by upholding the integrity of the cytoskeleton, modifying the conformation of the myosin head, and modulating innervation. MLCK governs vasoconstriction and diastolic function and is associated with the activation of adrenergic and sympathetic nervous systems, extracellular transport, endothelial permeability, and the regulation of nitric oxide and angiotensin II. Additionally, MLCK plays a crucial role in the process of cardiac aging. Multiple natural products/phytochemicals and chemical compounds, such as quercetin, cyclosporin, and ML-7 hydrochloride, have been shown to regulate cardiomyocyte MLCK. The MLCK-modifying capacity of these compounds should be considered in designing novel therapeutic agents. This review summarizes the mechanism of action of MLCK in the cardiovascular system and the therapeutic potential of reported chemical compounds in cardiac diseases by modifying MLCK processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingzhi Ran
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Aoshuang Li
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yuqing Tan
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100070, China.
| | - Yongkang Zhang
- Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China.
| | - Hengwen Chen
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100070, China.
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Hein M, Qambari H, An D, Balaratnasingam C. Current understanding of subclinical diabetic retinopathy informed by histology and high-resolution in vivo imaging. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2024; 52:464-484. [PMID: 38363022 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.14363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The escalating incidence of diabetes mellitus has amplified the global impact of diabetic retinopathy. There are known structural and functional changes in the diabetic retina that precede the fundus photography abnormalities which currently are used to diagnose clinical diabetic retinopathy. Understanding these subclinical alterations is important for effective disease management. Histology and high-resolution clinical imaging reveal that the entire neurovascular unit, comprised of retinal vasculature, neurons and glial cells, is affected in subclinical disease. Early functional manifestations are seen in the form of blood flow and electroretinography disturbances. Structurally, there are alterations in the cellular components of vasculature, glia and the neuronal network. On clinical imaging, changes to vessel density and thickness of neuronal layers are observed. How these subclinical disturbances interact and ultimately manifest as clinical disease remains elusive. However, this knowledge reveals potential early therapeutic targets and the need for imaging modalities that can detect subclinical changes in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Hein
- Physiology and Pharmacology Group, Lions Eye Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Hassanain Qambari
- Physiology and Pharmacology Group, Lions Eye Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Dong An
- Physiology and Pharmacology Group, Lions Eye Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Chandrakumar Balaratnasingam
- Physiology and Pharmacology Group, Lions Eye Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Li J, Zhang M, He Y, Du YH, Zhang XZ, Georgi R, Kolberg B, Xu YL. Molecular Mechanism of Electroacupuncture Regulating Cerebral Arterial Contractile Protein in Rats with Cerebral Infarction Based on MLCK Pathway. Chin J Integr Med 2023; 29:61-68. [PMID: 35344120 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-022-3468-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) intervention on the vasoconstriction of cerebral artery smooth muscle cells after cerebral infarction. METHODS Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups by a random number table: the model group (n=24), the EA group (n=24), and the normal group (n=6). The model and the EA groups were divided into different time subgroups at 0.5, 1, 3, and 6 h after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), with 6 rats in each subgroup. MCAO model was established using intraluminal suture occlusion method. The EA group was given EA treatment at acupoint Shuigou (GV 26) instantly after MCAO for 20 min. The contents of cerebrovascular smooth muscle MLCK, the 3 subunits of myosin light chain phosphatase (MLCP) MYPT1, PP1c-δ and M20, as well as myosin-ATPase activity were detected using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. RESULTS The overall expression level of the MYPT1 and PP1c-δ in the model group was significantly higher (P<0.01). After EA intervention, the 0.5 h group expression level was close to that of the normal group (P>0.05), and the other subgroups were still significantly higher than the normal group (P<0.01). After EA intervention, the expression level of each subgroup was significantly lower than the corresponding model group. There was a significant difference between the 0.5 and 1 h subgroups (P<0.01), while a difference was also observed between the 3 and 6 h subgroups (P<0.05). The dynamic change rule gradually increased with the prolongation of infarction time within 6 h after infarction. CONCLUSION EA intervention can inhibit contraction of cerebral vascular smooth muscle cells and regulate smooth muscle relaxation by regulating MLCK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Ying He
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Yuan-Hao Du
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300193, China.
| | - Xue-Zhu Zhang
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Rainer Georgi
- Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | | | - Yan-Long Xu
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730050, China
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A differentiated Ca 2+ signalling phenotype has minimal impact on myocardin expression in an automated differentiation assay using A7r5 cells. Cell Calcium 2021; 96:102369. [PMID: 33677175 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2021.102369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells are unusual in that differentiated, contractile cells possess the capacity to "de-differentiate" into a synthetic phenotype that is characterized by being replicative, secretory, and migratory. One aspect of this phenotypic modulation is a shift from voltage-gated Ca2+ signalling in electrically coupled, differentiated cells to increased dependence on store-operated Ca2+ entry and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release in synthetic cells. Conversely, an increased voltage-gated Ca2+ entry is seen when proliferating A7r5 smooth muscle cells quiesce. We asked whether this change in Ca2+ signalling was linked to changes in the expression of the phenotype-regulating transcriptional co-activator myocardin or α-smooth muscle actin, using correlative epifluorescence Ca2+ imaging and immunocytochemistry. Cells were cultured in growth media (DMEM, 10% serum, 25 mM glucose) or differentiation media (DMEM, 1% serum, 5 mM glucose). Coinciding with growth arrest, A7r5 cells became electrically coupled, and spontaneous Ca2+ signalling showed increasing dependence on L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channels that were blocked with nifedipine (5 μM). These synchronized oscillations were modulated by ryanodine receptors, based on their sensitivity to dantrolene (5 μM). Actively growing cultures had spontaneous Ca2+ transients that were insensitive to nifedipine and dantrolene but were blocked by inhibition of the sarco-endoplasmic reticulum ATPase with cyclopiazonic acid (10 μM). In cells treated with differentiation media, myocardin and αSMA immunoreactivity increased prior to changes in the Ca2+ signalling phenotype, while chronic inhibition of voltage-gated Ca2+ entry modestly increased immunoreactivity of myocardin. Stepwise regression analyses suggested that changes in myocardin expression had a weak relationship with Ca2+ signalling synchronicity, but not frequency or amplitude. In conclusion, we report a 96-well assay and analytical pipeline to study the link between Ca2+ signalling and smooth muscle differentiation. This assay showed that changes in the expression of two molecular differentiation markers (myocardin and αSMA) tended to precede changes in the Ca2+ signalling phenotype.
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5
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Yu PK, An D, Balaratnasingam C, Cringle SJ, Yu DY. Topographic Distribution of Contractile Protein in the Human Macular Microvasculature. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020; 60:4574-4582. [PMID: 31675074 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.19-26986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose We studied the topographic distribution of contractile protein in different orders of the human macular microvasculature to further understanding of the sites for capillary blood flow regulation. Methods Nine donor eyes from eight donors were cannulated at the central retinal artery and perfusion labeled for alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA) and filamentous actin (F-actin). Confocal images were collected from the macula region, viewed, projected, and converted to a 255 grayscale for measurements. The mean intensity was measured for macular arterioles, venules, and capillary segments. The diameter of each vessel segment measured was recorded. The normalized mean intensity values from all images were ranked according to vessel types and size with a total of nine categories. Results F-actin was present throughout the macular microvasculature whereas αSMA labeling showed variations. Overall, αSMA has a more prominent presence in the macular arterioles than in the macular capillaries and venules, and αSMA strongly labeled the smaller macular arterioles. Some capillaries also labeled positive for αSMA, including some of the capillaries in the innermost capillary ring surrounding the foveola. It was weakly present in the capillaries on the venous side and larger venules. In the larger macular arterioles closer to 100 μm in diameter, αSMA labeling was weakly present and not as ubiquitous as in the smaller arterioles. Conclusions Nonuniform distribution of contractile proteins in the different types, orders, and sizes of macular microvasculature indicates that these vessels may have different contractile capability and roles in macular flow regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula K Yu
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.,Lions Eye Institute, the University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Dong An
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.,Lions Eye Institute, the University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Chandrakumar Balaratnasingam
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.,Lions Eye Institute, the University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Stephen J Cringle
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.,Lions Eye Institute, the University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Dao-Yi Yu
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.,Lions Eye Institute, the University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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Goodwin K, Mao S, Guyomar T, Miller E, Radisky DC, Košmrlj A, Nelson CM. Smooth muscle differentiation shapes domain branches during mouse lung development. Development 2019; 146:dev.181172. [PMID: 31645357 DOI: 10.1242/dev.181172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
During branching morphogenesis, a simple cluster of cells proliferates and branches to generate an arborized network that facilitates fluid flow. The overall architecture of the mouse lung is established by domain branching, wherein new branches form laterally off the side of an existing branch. The airway epithelium develops concomitantly with a layer of smooth muscle that is derived from the embryonic mesenchyme. Here, we examined the role of smooth muscle differentiation in shaping emerging domain branches. We found that the position and morphology of domain branches are highly stereotyped, as is the pattern of smooth muscle that differentiates around the base of each branch. Perturbing the pattern of smooth muscle differentiation genetically or pharmacologically causes abnormal domain branching. Loss of smooth muscle results in ectopic branching and decreases branch stereotypy. Increased smooth muscle suppresses branch initiation and extension. Computational modeling revealed that epithelial proliferation is insufficient to generate domain branches and that smooth muscle wrapping is required to shape the epithelium into a branch. Our work sheds light on the physical mechanisms of branching morphogenesis in the mouse lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine Goodwin
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Sheng Mao
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Tristan Guyomar
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.,Département de Physique, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, F-69342 Lyon, France
| | - Erin Miller
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Derek C Radisky
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Andrej Košmrlj
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Celeste M Nelson
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA .,Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
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Kim SG, Kim JR, Choi HC. Quercetin-Induced AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Activation Attenuates Vasoconstriction Through LKB1-AMPK Signaling Pathway. J Med Food 2017; 21:146-153. [PMID: 29035613 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2017.4052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The vascular tone plays an important role in blood pressure and flow. It is influenced by the contraction of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), which in turn is regulated by the balance between the myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) and the phosphorylated myosin light chain (p-MLC). Quercetin is a common flavonoid which is found in many fruits and red wine. Although quercetin has been widely reported to be involved in cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis in VSMCs, it has not yet been demonstrated whether quercetin is related to vasocontraction, a function regulated by the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway. Accordingly, the aim of this study is to investigate the molecular mechanism through which the quercetin-activated LKB1-AMPK signaling pathway regulates the contraction of VSMCs. In cultured VSMCs, quercetin activated AMPK in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Quercetin inhibited the phenylephrine (PE)-induced expression of MLCK and p-MLC through the LKB1-AMPK signaling pathway and decreased the mRNA level of MLCK. Adenovirus-AMPK DN α1 and AMPK DN α2-transduced VSMCs displayed higher p-MLC expression. Moreover, quercetin inhibited the PE-mediated contraction in rat aorta. These data suggest that the quercetin-activated LKB1-AMPK signaling pathway regulates VSMC contraction by inhibiting MLCK and p-MLC; hence, it may be a therapeutic intervention for the treatment of cardiovascular disorders such as atherosclerosis and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seul Gi Kim
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University , Daegu, Korea.,2 Smart-Aging Convergence Research Center, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University , Daegu, Korea
| | - Jae-Ryong Kim
- 2 Smart-Aging Convergence Research Center, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University , Daegu, Korea.,3 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University , Daegu, Korea
| | - Hyoung Chul Choi
- 1 Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University , Daegu, Korea.,2 Smart-Aging Convergence Research Center, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University , Daegu, Korea
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8
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Wang J, Liu K, Wang H, Li Z, Li Y, Ping S, Bardeesi ASA, Guo Y, Zhou Y, Pei T, Deng L, Sheng P, Liu S, Li C. Role of nifedipine and hydrochlorothiazide in MAPK activation and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and apoptosis. Herz 2016; 42:573-584. [DOI: 10.1007/s00059-016-4489-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Revised: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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9
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Martinsen A, Dessy C, Morel N. Regulation of calcium channels in smooth muscle: new insights into the role of myosin light chain kinase. Channels (Austin) 2015; 8:402-13. [PMID: 25483583 DOI: 10.4161/19336950.2014.950537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Smooth muscle myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) plays a crucial role in artery contraction, which regulates blood pressure and blood flow distribution. In addition to this role, MLCK contributes to Ca(2+) flux regulation in vascular smooth muscle (VSM) and in non-muscle cells, where cytoskeleton has been suggested to help Ca(2+) channels trafficking. This conclusion is based on the use of pharmacological inhibitors of MLCK and molecular and cellular techniques developed to down-regulate the enzyme. Dissimilarities have been observed between cells and whole tissues, as well as between large conductance and small resistance arteries. A differential expression in MLCK and ion channels (either voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channels or non-selective cationic channels) could account for these observations, and is in line with the functional properties of the arteries. A potential involvement of MLCK in the pathways modulating Ca(2+) entry in VSM is described in the present review.
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Key Words
- CaM, calmodulin
- ER, endoplasmic reticulum
- MLCK, myosin light chain kinase
- Myosin light chain kinase
- ROC, receptor-operated Ca2+ (channel)
- SMC, smooth muscle cell
- SOC, store-operated Ca2+ (channel)
- SR, sarcoplasmic reticulum
- TRP
- TRP, transient receptor potential (channel)
- VOC, voltage-operated Ca2+ (channel)
- VSM, vascular smooth muscle
- VSMC, vascular smooth muscle cell
- [Ca2+]cyt, cytosolic Ca2+ concentration
- siRNA, small interfering RNA
- vascular smooth muscle
- voltage-dependent calcium channels
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Affiliation(s)
- A Martinsen
- a Cell physiology; IoNS; UCLouvain ; Brussels , Belgium
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Boedtkjer DMB, Kim S, Jensen AB, Matchkov VM, Andersson KE. New selective inhibitors of calcium-activated chloride channels - T16A(inh) -A01, CaCC(inh) -A01 and MONNA - what do they inhibit? Br J Pharmacol 2015; 172:4158-72. [PMID: 26013995 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE T16A(inh)-A01, CaCC(inh)-A01 and MONNA are identified as selective inhibitors of the TMEM16A calcium-activated chloride channel (CaCC). The aim of this study was to examine the chloride-specificity of these compounds on isolated resistance arteries in the presence and absence (±) of extracellular chloride. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Isolated resistance arteries were maintained in a myograph and tension recorded, in some instances combined with microelectrode impalement for membrane potential measurements or intracellular calcium monitoring using fura-2. Voltage-dependent calcium currents (VDCC) were measured in A7r5 cells with voltage-clamp electrophysiology using barium as a charge carrier. KEY RESULTS Rodent arteries preconstricted with noradrenaline or U46619 were concentration-dependently relaxed by T16A(inh) -A01 (0.1-10 μM): IC50 and maximum relaxation were equivalent in ±chloride (30 min aspartate substitution) and the T16A(inh) -A01-induced vasorelaxation ±chloride were accompanied by membrane hyperpolarization and lowering of intracellular calcium. However, agonist concentration-response curves ±chloride, with 10 μM T16A(inh) -A01 present, achieved similar maximum constrictions although agonist-sensitivity decreased. Contractions induced by elevated extracellular potassium were concentration-dependently relaxed by T16A(inh)-A01 ±chloride. Moreover, T16A(inh) -A01 inhibited VDCCs in A7r5 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. CaCC(inh) -A01 and MONNA (0.1-10 μM) induced vasorelaxation ±chloride and both compounds lowered maximum contractility. MONNA, 10 μM, induced substantial membrane hyperpolarization under resting conditions. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS T16A(inh) -A01, CaCC(inh) -A01 and MONNA concentration-dependently relax rodent resistance arteries, but an equivalent vasorelaxation occurs when the transmembrane chloride gradient is abolished with an impermeant anion. These compounds therefore display poor selectivity for TMEM16A and inhibition of CaCC in vascular tissue in the concentration range that inhibits the isolated conductance.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M B Boedtkjer
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark.,Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark
| | - S Kim
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - A B Jensen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - V M Matchkov
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - K E Andersson
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark.,Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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11
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Huang Y, Luo X, Li X, Song X, Wei L, Li Z, You Q, Guo Q, Lu N. Wogonin inhibits LPS-induced vascular permeability via suppressing MLCK/MLC pathway. Vascul Pharmacol 2015; 72:43-52. [PMID: 25956732 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2015.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Wogonin, a naturally occurring monoflavonoid extracted from the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activities and inhibits oxidant stress-induced vascular permeability. However, the influence of wogonin on vascular hyperpermeability induced by overabounded inflammatory factors often appears in inflammatory diseases and tumor is not well known. In this study, we evaluate the effects of wogonin on LPS induced vascular permeability in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and investigate the underlying mechanisms. We find that wogonin suppresses the LPS-stimulated hyperactivity and cytoskeleton remodeling of HUVECs, promotes the expression of junctional proteins including VE-Cadherin, Claudin-5 and ZO-1, as well as inhibits the invasion of MDA-MB-231 across EC monolayer. Miles vascular permeability assay proves that wogonin can restrain the extravasated Evans in vivo. The mechanism studies reveal that the expressions of TLR4, p-PLC, p-MLCK and p-MLC are decreased by wogonin without changing the total steady state protein levels of PLC, MLCK and MLC. Moreover, wogonin can also inhibit KCl-activated MLCK/MLC pathway, and further affect vascular permeability. Significantly, compared with wortmannin, the inhibitor of MLCK/MLC pathway, wogonin exhibits similar inhibition effects on the expression of p-MLCK, p-MLC and LPS-induced vascular hyperpermeability. Taken together, wogonin can inhibit LPS-induced vascular permeability by suppressing the MLCK/MLC pathway, suggesting a therapeutic potential for the diseases associated with the development of both inflammatory and tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Xuwei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Xiaorui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Xiuming Song
- Chia Tai Tianqing Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., PR China
| | - Libin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Zhiyu Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Qidong You
- JiangSu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Qinglong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
| | - Na Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
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