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Langhans M, Weber W, Babel L, Grunewald M, Meckel T. The right motifs for plant cell adhesion: what makes an adhesive site? PROTOPLASMA 2017; 254:95-108. [PMID: 27091341 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-016-0970-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Cells of multicellular organisms are surrounded by and attached to a matrix of fibrous polysaccharides and proteins known as the extracellular matrix. This fibrous network not only serves as a structural support to cells and tissues but also plays an integral part in the process as important as proliferation, differentiation, or defense. While at first sight, the extracellular matrices of plant and animals do not have much in common, a closer look reveals remarkable similarities. In particular, the proteins involved in the adhesion of the cell to the extracellular matrix share many functional properties. At the sequence level, however, a surprising lack of homology is found between adhesion-related proteins of plants and animals. Both protein machineries only reveal similarities between small subdomains and motifs, which further underlines their functional relationship. In this review, we provide an overview on the similarities between motifs in proteins known to be located at the plant cell wall-plasma membrane-cytoskeleton interface to proteins of the animal adhesome. We also show that by comparing the proteome of both adhesion machineries at the level of motifs, we are also able to identify potentially new candidate proteins that functionally contribute to the adhesion of the plant plasma membrane to the cell wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Langhans
- Membrane Dynamics, Department of Biology, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Germany, Schnittspahnstrasse 3, 64297, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Wadim Weber
- Membrane Dynamics, Department of Biology, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Germany, Schnittspahnstrasse 3, 64297, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Laura Babel
- Membrane Dynamics, Department of Biology, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Germany, Schnittspahnstrasse 3, 64297, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Miriam Grunewald
- Membrane Dynamics, Department of Biology, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Germany, Schnittspahnstrasse 3, 64297, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Tobias Meckel
- Membrane Dynamics, Department of Biology, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Germany, Schnittspahnstrasse 3, 64297, Darmstadt, Germany.
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Lü B, Wang J, Zhang Y, Wang H, Liang J, Zhang J. AT14A mediates the cell wall-plasma membrane-cytoskeleton continuum in Arabidopsis thaliana cells. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2012; 63:4061-9. [PMID: 22456678 PMCID: PMC3398443 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ers063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2011] [Revised: 01/27/2012] [Accepted: 02/06/2012] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
AT14A has a small domain that has sequence similarities to integrins from animals. Integrins serve as a transmembrane linker between the extracellular matrix and the cytoskeleton, which play critical roles in a variety of biological processes. Because the function of AT14A is unknown, Arabidopsis thaliana AT14A, which is a transmembrane receptor for cell adhesion molecules and a middle member of the cell wall-plasma membrane-cytoskeleton continuum in plants, has been described. AT14A, co-expressed with green fluorescent protein (GFP), was found to localize mainly to the plasma membrane. The mutant Arabidopsis at14a-1 cells exhibit various phenotypes with cell shape, cell cluster size, thickness, and cellulose content of cell wall, the adhesion between cells, and the adhesion of plasma membrane to cell wall varied by plasmolysis. Using direct staining of filamentous actin and indirect immunofluorescence staining of microtubules, cortical actin filaments and microtubules arrays were significantly altered in cells, either where AT14A was absent or over-expressed. It is concluded that AT14A may be a substantial middle member of the cell wall-plasma membrane-cytoskeleton continuum and play an important role in the continuum by regulating cell wall and cortical cytoskeleton organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Lü
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 People’s Republic of China
| | - Juan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongcheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiansheng Liang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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Chinchilla D, Frugier F, Raices M, Merchan F, Giammaria V, Gargantini P, Gonzalez-Rizzo S, Crespi M, Ulloa R. A mutant ankyrin protein kinase from Medicago sativa affects Arabidopsis adventitious roots. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2008; 35:92-101. [PMID: 32688760 DOI: 10.1071/fp07209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2007] [Accepted: 12/14/2007] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A family of plant kinases containing ankyrin-repeats, the Ankyrin-Protein Kinases (APKs), shows structural resemblance to mammalian Integrin-Linked Kinases (ILKs), key regulators of mammalian cell adhesion. MsAPK1 expression is induced by osmotic stress in roots of Medicago sativa (L.) plants. The Escherichia coli-purified MsAPK1 could only phosphorylate tubulin among a variety of substrates and the enzymatic activity was strictly dependent on Mn2+. MsAPK1 is highly related to two APK genes in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.), AtAPK1 and AtAPK2. Promoter-GUS fusions assays revealed that the Arabidopsis APK genes show distinct expression patterns in roots and hypocotyls. Although Medicago truncatula (L.) plants affected in MsAPK1 expression could not be obtained using in vitro regeneration, A. thaliana plants expressing MsAPK1 or a mutant MsAPK1 protein, in which the conserved aspartate 315 of the kinase catalytic domain was replaced by asparagines (DN-lines), developed normally. The DN mutant lines showed increased capacity to develop adventitious roots when compared with control or MsAPK1-expressing plants. APK-mediated signalling may therefore link perception of external abiotic signals and the microtubule cytoskeleton, and influence adventitious root development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Chinchilla
- Institut des Sciences du Végétal (ISV), CNRS, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Florian Frugier
- Institut des Sciences du Végétal (ISV), CNRS, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marcela Raices
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular, INGEBI, FCEN-UBA, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, 2do piso, Buenos Aires, 1428 Argentina
| | - Francisco Merchan
- Institut des Sciences du Végétal (ISV), CNRS, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Veronica Giammaria
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular, INGEBI, FCEN-UBA, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, 2do piso, Buenos Aires, 1428 Argentina
| | - Pablo Gargantini
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular, INGEBI, FCEN-UBA, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, 2do piso, Buenos Aires, 1428 Argentina
| | - Silvina Gonzalez-Rizzo
- Institut des Sciences du Végétal (ISV), CNRS, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Martin Crespi
- Institut des Sciences du Végétal (ISV), CNRS, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Rita Ulloa
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular, INGEBI, FCEN-UBA, Vuelta de Obligado 2490, 2do piso, Buenos Aires, 1428 Argentina
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Lü B, Chen F, Gong ZH, Xie H, Zhang JH, Liang JS. Intracellular localization of integrin-like protein and its roles in osmotic stress-induced abscisic acid biosynthesis in Zea mays. PROTOPLASMA 2007; 232:35-43. [PMID: 18094925 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-007-0278-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2007] [Accepted: 05/29/2007] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved many mechanisms to cope with adverse environmental stresses. Abscisic acid (ABA) accumulates significantly in plant cells in response to drought conditions, and this is believed to be a major mechanism through which plants enhance drought tolerance. In this study, we explore the possible mechanisms of osmotic stress perception by plant cells and the consequent induction of ABA biosynthesis. Immunoblotting and immunofluorescence localization experiments, using a polyclonal antibody against human integrin beta1, revealed the presence of a protein in Zea mays roots that is similar to the integrin proteins of animals and mainly localized in the plasma membrane. Treatment with GRGDS, a synthetic pentapeptide containing an RGD domain, which interacted specifically with the integrin protein and thus blocked the cell wall-plasma membrane interaction, significantly inhibited osmotic stress-induced ABA biosynthesis in cells, and the GRGDS analog which does not contain the RGD domain had no effect. Our results show that a strong interaction exists between the cell wall and plasma membrane and that this interaction is largely mediated by integrin-like proteins. They also imply that the cell wall and/or cell wall-plasma membrane interaction plays important roles in the perception of osmotic stress. Accordingly, we conclude that the cell wall and/or cell wall-plasma membrane interaction mediated by the integrin-like protein plays important roles in osmotic stress-induced ABA biosynthesis in Zea mays.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Lü
- Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Kriegs B, Theisen R, Schnabl H. Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and Ran expression during simulated and real microgravity. PROTOPLASMA 2006; 229:163-74. [PMID: 17180498 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-006-0214-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2005] [Accepted: 01/10/2006] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
In order to gain further insight into the signal transduction pathway concerning gravitropism, we studied the expression profiles of mRNA in etiolated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) seedlings. Differential-display reverse transcriptase PCR product assayed by capillary electrophoresis revealed the small GTPase Ran, regulating nuclear import and export of proteins. Parallel analysis of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (Ins(1,4,5)P3) release by a highly advanced system of metal-dye detection combined with high-performance liquid chromatography provided evidence that the second messenger Ins(1,4,5)P3 is modulated by changes of the gravity vector. Investigations by fast clinorotation and sounding rockets established a positive correlation between the Ins(1,4,5)P3 level and the expression rate of Ran mRNA during simulated and real microgravity. Since an asymmetric distribution of auxin during graviresponse is suggested to induce differential cell elongation, additional information on the perception and transduction pathways was achieved by auxin stimulation experiments. While we were able to demonstrate an auxin-dependent production of Ins(1,4,5)P3, the expression of Ran mRNA was not affected by auxin. Finally, besides the phosphoinositide system as one element of the signal transduction chain linking graviperception to graviresponse, a Ran-mediated interaction model of extracellular microgravity signal perception and intercellular transduction pathway is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kriegs
- Institute for Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Bonn, Bonn, Federal Republic of Germany
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