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Carreño-Campos C, Villegas E, Villarreal ML, Morales-Aguilar M, Govea-Alonso D, Romero-Maldonado A, Jimenez-Capdeville ME, Rosales-Mendoza S, Ortiz-Caltempa A. Statistical Experimental Designs for cLTB-Syn Vaccine Production Using Daucus carota Cell Suspension Cultures. PLANTA MEDICA 2024. [PMID: 38698590 DOI: 10.1055/a-2307-0400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
The carrot-made LTB-Syn antigen (cLTB-Syn) is a vaccine candidate against synucleinopathies based on carrot cells expressing the target antigen LTB and syn epitopes. Therefore, the development of an efficient production process is required with media culture optimization to increase the production yields as the main goal. In this study, the effect of two nitrogen sources (urea and glutamate) on callus cultures producing cLTB-Syn was studied, observing that the addition of 17 mM urea to MS medium favored the biomass yield. To optimize the MS media composition, the influence of seven medium components on biomass and cLTB-Syn production was first evaluated by a Plackett-Burman design (PBD). Then, three factors were further analyzed using a central composite design (CCD) and response surface methodology (RSM). The results showed a 1.2-fold improvement in biomass, and a 4.5-fold improvement in cLTB-Syn production was achieved at the shake-flask scale. At the bioreactor scale, there was a 1.5-fold increase in biomass and a 2.8-fold increase in cLTB-Syn yield compared with the standard MS medium. Moreover, the cLTB-Syn vaccine induced humoral responses in BALB/c mice subjected to either oral or subcutaneous immunization. Therefore, cLTB-Syn is a promising vaccine candidate that will aid in developing immunotherapeutic strategies to combat PD and other neurodegenerative diseases without the need for cold storage, making it a financially viable option for massive immunization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Carreño-Campos
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Elba Villegas
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - María Luisa Villarreal
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Mónica Morales-Aguilar
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Dania Govea-Alonso
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos Recombinantes, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, SLP, México
- Sección de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina (CICSaB), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, SLP, México
| | - Andrea Romero-Maldonado
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos Recombinantes, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, SLP, México
- Sección de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina (CICSaB), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, SLP, México
| | | | - Sergio Rosales-Mendoza
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos Recombinantes, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, SLP, México
- Sección de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina (CICSaB), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, SLP, México
| | - Anabel Ortiz-Caltempa
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
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Bravo-Vázquez LA, Mora-Hernández EO, Rodríguez AL, Sahare P, Bandyopadhyay A, Duttaroy AK, Paul S. Current Advances of Plant-Based Vaccines for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020711. [PMID: 36840033 PMCID: PMC9963606 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are characterized by the progressive degeneration and/or loss of neurons belonging to the central nervous system, and represent one of the major global health issues. Therefore, a number of immunotherapeutic approaches targeting the non-functional or toxic proteins that induce neurodegeneration in NDDs have been designed in the last decades. In this context, due to unprecedented advances in genetic engineering techniques and molecular farming technology, pioneering plant-based immunogenic antigen expression systems have been developed aiming to offer reliable alternatives to deal with important NDDs, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis. Diverse reports have evidenced that plant-made vaccines trigger significant immune responses in model animals, supported by the production of antibodies against the aberrant proteins expressed in the aforementioned NDDs. Moreover, these immunogenic tools have various advantages that make them a viable alternative for preventing and treating NDDs, such as high scalability, no risk of contamination with human pathogens, cold chain free production, and lower production costs. Hence, this article presents an overview of the current progress on plant-manufactured vaccines for NDDs and discusses its future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Alberto Bravo-Vázquez
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Querétaro, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Av. Epigmenio González, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, Querétaro 76130, Mexico
| | - Erick Octavio Mora-Hernández
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Mexico City, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Calle del Puente, No. 222 Col. Ejidos de Huipulco, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14380, Mexico
| | - Alma L. Rodríguez
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Querétaro, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Av. Epigmenio González, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, Querétaro 76130, Mexico
| | - Padmavati Sahare
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus UNAM 3001, Juriquilla, Querétaro 76230, Mexico
| | - Anindya Bandyopadhyay
- International Rice Research Institute, Manila 4031, Philippines
- Reliance Industries Ltd., Navi Mumbai 400701, India
| | - Asim K. Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1046 Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway
| | - Sujay Paul
- School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Querétaro, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Av. Epigmenio González, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, Querétaro 76130, Mexico
- Correspondence:
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Carreño-Campos C, Arevalo-Villalobos JI, Villarreal ML, Ortiz-Caltempa A, Rosales-Mendoza S. Establishment of the Carrot-Made LTB-Syn Antigen Cell Line in Shake Flask and Airlift Bioreactor Cultures. PLANTA MEDICA 2022; 88:1060-1068. [PMID: 34918307 DOI: 10.1055/a-1677-4135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Carrot (Daucus carota) cells have been used to effectively manufacture recombinant biopharmaceuticals such as cytokines, vaccines, and antibodies. We generated the carrot cell line Z4, genetically modified to produce the LTB-Syn antigen, which is a fusion protein proposed for immunotherapy against synucleinopathies. In this work, the Z4 cell suspension line was cultivated to produce the LTB-Syn protein in a 250 mL shake flask and 2 L airlift bioreactor cultures grown for 45 and 30 days, respectively. Maximum biomass was obtained on day 15 in both the airlift bioreactor (35.00 ± 0.04 g/L DW) and shake flasks (17.00 ± 0.04 g/L DW). In the bioreactor, the highest LTB-Syn protein yield (1.52 ± 0.03 µg/g FW) was obtained on day 15; while the same occurred on day 18 for shake flasks (0.92 ± 0.02 µg/g FW). LTB-Syn protein levels were analyzed by GM1-ELISA and western blot. PCR analysis confirmed the presence of the transgene in the Z4 line. The obtained data demonstrate that the carrot Z4 cell suspension line grown in airlift bioreactors shows promise for a scale-up cultivation producing an oral LTB-Syn antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Carreño-Campos
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | | | - María Luisa Villarreal
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Anabel Ortiz-Caltempa
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Sergio Rosales-Mendoza
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos Recombinantes, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, SLP, México
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Arevalo-Villalobos JI, Govea-Alonso DO, Bañuelos-Hernández B, González-Ortega O, Zarazúa S, Rosales-Mendoza S. Inducible expression of antigens in plants: a study focused on peptides related to multiple sclerosis immunotherapy. J Biotechnol 2020; 318:51-56. [PMID: 32387449 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2020.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) affects 2.3 million patients worldwide with no effective treatments available thus far. Depletion of autoreactive T-cells is considered the basis for immunotherapeutic approaches. For this purpose the peptides BV5S2, BV6S5, and BV13S1 have been identified as candidates for the development of a MS vaccine. Herein, the plant-based simultaneous production of these peptides is described as an effort to generate a new model of MS immunotherapy. A polyprotein comprising the sequence of the target peptides was designed having the picornaviral 2A sequence in between to mediate the release of the individual peptides upon translation. A codon optimized gene was cloned in vectors mediating constitutive (CaMV35S promoter) or inducible (AlcA promoter) expression. No transgenic tobacco plants were recovered from the constitutive vector suggesting toxicity of the target peptides. In contrast, several transformed lines were obtained with the inducible vector. The individual BV5S2, BV6S5, and BV13S1 peptides were detected in transformed lines upon ethanol-mediated induction and a quantitative analysis based on a OVA conjugate carrying the three peptides revealed accumulation levels up to 0.5 μg g-1 FW leaves. The plant-made peptides were able to induce humoral responses in orally immunized mice. This platform will be useful in the development of alternative immunotherapies against MS having low cost and safety as main attributes. Moreover the platform represents an attractive alternative for the expression of antigens having detrimental effects in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime I Arevalo-Villalobos
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, San Luis Potosí, 78210, Mexico; Sección de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Lomas 2ª Sección, San Luis Potosí, 78210, Mexico
| | - Dania O Govea-Alonso
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, San Luis Potosí, 78210, Mexico; Sección de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Lomas 2ª Sección, San Luis Potosí, 78210, Mexico
| | - Bernardo Bañuelos-Hernández
- Escuela de Veterinaria, Universidad De La Salle Bajío, Avenida Universidad 602, Lomas del Campestre, 37150, León, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Omar González-Ortega
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, San Luis Potosí, 78210, Mexico
| | - Sergio Zarazúa
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, San Luis Potosí, 78210, Mexico
| | - Sergio Rosales-Mendoza
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, San Luis Potosí, 78210, Mexico; Sección de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Lomas 2ª Sección, San Luis Potosí, 78210, Mexico.
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Using carrot cells as biofactories and oral delivery vehicles of LTB-Syn: A low-cost vaccine candidate against synucleinopathies. J Biotechnol 2020; 309:75-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2019.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Wang Z, Gao G, Duan C, Yang H. Progress of immunotherapy of anti-α-synuclein in Parkinson's disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 115:108843. [PMID: 31055236 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by progressive loss of neurons and abnormal protein accumulation, including amyloid (A)β and tau in Alzheimer's disease and Lewy bodies and α-synuclein (α-syn) in Parkinson's disease (PD). Recent evidence suggests that adaptive immunity plays an important role in PD, and that anti-α-syn antibodies can be used as therapy in neurodegenerative diseases; monoclonal antibodies were shown to inhibit α-syn propagation and aggregation in PD models and patients. In this review, we summarize the different pathological states of α-syn, including gene mutations, truncation, phosphorylation, and the high molecular weight form, and describe the specific antibodies that recognize the α-syn monomer or oligomer, some of which have been tested in clinic trials. We also discuss future research directions and potential targets in PD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Wang
- Department of Neurobiology School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center of Parkinson Disease Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing Key Laboratory for Neural Regeneration and Repair, Beijing Key Laboratory on Parkinson's Disease, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Ge Gao
- Department of Neurobiology School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center of Parkinson Disease Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing Key Laboratory for Neural Regeneration and Repair, Beijing Key Laboratory on Parkinson's Disease, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Chunli Duan
- Department of Neurobiology School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center of Parkinson Disease Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing Key Laboratory for Neural Regeneration and Repair, Beijing Key Laboratory on Parkinson's Disease, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Neurobiology School of Basic Medical Sciences, Center of Parkinson Disease Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing Key Laboratory for Neural Regeneration and Repair, Beijing Key Laboratory on Parkinson's Disease, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
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Ortega-Berlanga B, Bañuelos-Hernández B, Rosales-Mendoza S. Efficient Expression of an Alzheimer's Disease Vaccine Candidate in the Microalga Schizochytrium sp. Using the Algevir System. Mol Biotechnol 2018; 60:362-368. [PMID: 29594986 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-018-0077-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease, where β-amyloid (Aβ) plays a key role in forming conglomerated senile plaques. The receptor of advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is considered a therapeutic target since it transports Aβ into the central nervous system, favoring the pathology progression. Due to the lack of effective therapies for AD, several therapeutic approaches are under development, being vaccines considered a promising alternative. Herein, the use of the Algevir system was explored to produce in the Schizochytrium sp. microalga the LTB:RAGE vaccine candidate. Algevir relies in an inducible geminiviral vector and led to yields of up to 380 µg LTB:RAGE/g fresh weight biomass at 48-h post-induction. The Schizochytrium-produced LTB:RAGE vaccine retained its antigenic activity and was highly stable up to temperatures of 60 °C. These data demonstrate the potential of Schizochytrium sp. as a platform for high production of thermostable recombinant antigens useful for vaccination against AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benita Ortega-Berlanga
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos Recombinantes, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, 78210, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico
- Sección de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, 78210, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico
| | - Bernardo Bañuelos-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos Recombinantes, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, 78210, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico
- Sección de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, 78210, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico
| | - Sergio Rosales-Mendoza
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos Recombinantes, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, 78210, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico.
- Sección de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, 78210, San Luis Potosí, SLP, Mexico.
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Okay S, Sezgin M. Transgenic plants for the production of immunogenic proteins. AIMS BIOENGINEERING 2018. [DOI: 10.3934/bioeng.2018.3.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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