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Xi DD, Gao L, Miao LM, Ge LA, Zhang DY, Zhang ZH, Li XF, Zhu YY, Shen HB, Zhu HF. Changes in Diversity and Composition of Rhizosphere Bacterial and Fungal Community between Resistant and Susceptible Pakchoi under Plasmodiophora brassicae. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16779. [PMID: 38069101 PMCID: PMC10706474 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmodiophora brassicae (P. brassicae) is a soil-born pathogen worldwide and can infect most cruciferous plants, which causes great yield decline and economic losses. It is not well known how microbial diversity and community composition change during P. brassicae infecting plant roots. Here, we employed a resistant and a susceptible pakchoi cultivar with and without inoculation with P. brassicae to analyze bacterial and fungal diversity using 16S rRNA V3-V4 and ITS_V1 regions, respectively. 16S rRNA V3-V4 and ITS_V1 regions were amplified and sequenced separately. Results revealed that both fungal and bacterial diversity increased, and composition was changed in the rhizosphere soil of the susceptible pakchoi compared with the resistant cultivar. In the four groups of R_mock, S_mock, R_10d, and S_10d, the most relatively abundant bacterium and fungus was Proteobacteria, accounting for 61.92%, 58.17%, 48.64%, and 50.00%, respectively, and Ascomycota, accounting for 75.11%, 63.69%, 72.10%, and 90.31%, respectively. A total of 9488 and 11,914 bacteria were observed uniquely in the rhizosphere soil of resistant and susceptible pakchoi, respectively, while only 80 and 103 fungi were observed uniquely in the correlated soil. LefSe analysis showed that 107 and 49 differentially abundant taxa were observed in bacteria and fungi. Overall, we concluded that different pakchoi cultivars affect microbial diversity and community composition, and microorganisms prefer to gather around the rhizosphere of susceptible pakchoi. These findings provide a new insight into plant-microorganism interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Xi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticultural Research Institute, Zhuanghang Comprehensive Experiment Station, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (D.-D.X.); (L.G.); (L.-M.M.); (D.-Y.Z.); (Z.-H.Z.); (X.-F.L.); (Y.-Y.Z.); (H.-B.S.)
| | - Lu Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticultural Research Institute, Zhuanghang Comprehensive Experiment Station, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (D.-D.X.); (L.G.); (L.-M.M.); (D.-Y.Z.); (Z.-H.Z.); (X.-F.L.); (Y.-Y.Z.); (H.-B.S.)
| | - Li-Ming Miao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticultural Research Institute, Zhuanghang Comprehensive Experiment Station, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (D.-D.X.); (L.G.); (L.-M.M.); (D.-Y.Z.); (Z.-H.Z.); (X.-F.L.); (Y.-Y.Z.); (H.-B.S.)
| | - Li-Ao Ge
- Jinshan Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Shanghai 201599, China;
| | - Ding-Yu Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticultural Research Institute, Zhuanghang Comprehensive Experiment Station, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (D.-D.X.); (L.G.); (L.-M.M.); (D.-Y.Z.); (Z.-H.Z.); (X.-F.L.); (Y.-Y.Z.); (H.-B.S.)
| | - Zhao-Hui Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticultural Research Institute, Zhuanghang Comprehensive Experiment Station, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (D.-D.X.); (L.G.); (L.-M.M.); (D.-Y.Z.); (Z.-H.Z.); (X.-F.L.); (Y.-Y.Z.); (H.-B.S.)
| | - Xiao-Feng Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticultural Research Institute, Zhuanghang Comprehensive Experiment Station, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (D.-D.X.); (L.G.); (L.-M.M.); (D.-Y.Z.); (Z.-H.Z.); (X.-F.L.); (Y.-Y.Z.); (H.-B.S.)
| | - Yu-Ying Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticultural Research Institute, Zhuanghang Comprehensive Experiment Station, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (D.-D.X.); (L.G.); (L.-M.M.); (D.-Y.Z.); (Z.-H.Z.); (X.-F.L.); (Y.-Y.Z.); (H.-B.S.)
| | - Hai-Bin Shen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticultural Research Institute, Zhuanghang Comprehensive Experiment Station, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (D.-D.X.); (L.G.); (L.-M.M.); (D.-Y.Z.); (Z.-H.Z.); (X.-F.L.); (Y.-Y.Z.); (H.-B.S.)
| | - Hong-Fang Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticultural Research Institute, Zhuanghang Comprehensive Experiment Station, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; (D.-D.X.); (L.G.); (L.-M.M.); (D.-Y.Z.); (Z.-H.Z.); (X.-F.L.); (Y.-Y.Z.); (H.-B.S.)
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Kulkova I, Dobrzyński J, Kowalczyk P, Bełżecki G, Kramkowski K. Plant Growth Promotion Using Bacillus cereus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119759. [PMID: 37298706 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) appear to be a sensible competitor to conventional fertilization, including mineral fertilizers and chemical plant protection products. Undoubtedly, one of the most interesting bacteria exhibiting plant-stimulating traits is, more widely known as a pathogen, Bacillus cereus. To date, several environmentally safe strains of B. cereus have been isolated and described, including B. cereus WSE01, MEN8, YL6, SA1, ALT1, ERBP, GGBSTD1, AK1, AR156, C1L, and T4S. These strains have been studied under growth chamber, greenhouse, and field conditions and have shown many significant traits, including indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase production or phosphate solubilization, which allows direct plant growth promotion. It includes an increase in biometrics traits, chemical element content (e.g., N, P, and K), and biologically active substances content or activity, e.g., antioxidant enzymes and total soluble sugar. Hence, B. cereus has supported the growth of plant species such as soybean, maize, rice, and wheat. Importantly, some B. cereus strains can also promote plant growth under abiotic stresses, including drought, salinity, and heavy metal pollution. In addition, B. cereus strains produced extracellular enzymes and antibiotic lipopeptides or triggered induced systemic resistance, which allows indirect stimulation of plant growth. As far as biocontrol is concerned, these PGPB can suppress the development of agriculturally important phytopathogens, including bacterial phytopathogens (e.g., Pseudomonas syringae, Pectobacterium carotovorum, and Ralstonia solanacearum), fungal phytopathogens (e.g., Fusarium oxysporum, Botrytis cinerea, and Rhizoctonia solani), and other phytopathogenic organisms (e.g., Meloidogyne incognita (Nematoda) and Plasmodiophora brassicae (Protozoa)). In conclusion, it should be noted that there are still few studies on the effectiveness of B. cereus under field conditions, particularly, there is a lack of comprehensive analyses comparing the PGP effects of B. cereus and mineral fertilizers, which should be reduced in favor of decreasing the use of mineral fertilizers. It is also worth mentioning that there are still very few studies on the impact of B. cereus on the indigenous microbiota and its persistence after application to soil. Further studies would help to understand the interactions between B. cereus and indigenous microbiota, subsequently contributing to increasing its effectiveness in promoting plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iryna Kulkova
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences-National Research Institute, Falenty, 3 Hrabska Avenue, 05-090 Raszyn, Poland
| | - Jakub Dobrzyński
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences-National Research Institute, Falenty, 3 Hrabska Avenue, 05-090 Raszyn, Poland
| | - Paweł Kowalczyk
- Department of Animal Nutrition, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Instytucka 3 Str., 05-110 Jabłonna, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Bełżecki
- Department of Animal Nutrition, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Instytucka 3 Str., 05-110 Jabłonna, Poland
| | - Karol Kramkowski
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Medical University of Białystok, Kilińskiego 1 Str., 15-089 Białystok, Poland
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Gulzar S, Manzoor MA, Liaquat F, Zahid MS, Arif S, Zhou X, Zhang Y. Endophytic bacterial diversity by 16S rRNA gene sequencing of Pak choi roots under fluazinam, Trichoderma harzianum, and Sophora flavescens inoculation. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:194. [PMID: 37266724 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01119-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shazma Gulzar
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang, Shanghai, China
| | - Muhammad Aamir Manzoor
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang, Shanghai, China
| | - Fiza Liaquat
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang, Shanghai, China
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry, and Bioresources, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Muhammad Salman Zahid
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang, Shanghai, China
| | - Samiah Arif
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuanwei Zhou
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang, Shanghai, China
| | - Yidong Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang, Shanghai, China.
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Li J, Huang T, Lu J, Xu X, Zhang W. Metabonomic profiling of clubroot-susceptible and clubroot-resistant radish and the assessment of disease-resistant metabolites. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1037633. [PMID: 36570889 PMCID: PMC9772615 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1037633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plasmodiophora brassicae causes a serious threat to cruciferous plants including radish (Raphanus sativus L.). Knowledge on the pathogenic regularity and molecular mechanism of P. brassicae and radish is limited, especially on the metabolism level. In the present study, clubroot-susceptible and clubroot-resistant cultivars were inoculated with P. brassicae Race 4, root hairs initial infection of resting spores (107 CFU/mL) at 24 h post-inoculation and root galls symptom arising at cortex splitting stage were identified on both cultivars. Root samples of cortex splitting stage of two cultivars were collected and used for untargeted metabonomic analysis. We demonstrated changes in metabolite regulation and pathways during the cortex splitting stage of diseased roots between clubroot-susceptible and clubroot-resistant cultivars using untargeted metabonomic analysis. We identified a larger number of differentially regulated metabolites and heavier metabolite profile changes in the susceptible cultivar than in the resistant counterpart. The metabolites that were differentially regulated in both cultivars were mostly lipids and lipid-like molecules. Significantly regulated metabolites and pathways according to the P value and variable important in projection score were identified. Moreover, four compounds, including ethyl α-D-thioglucopyranoside, imipenem, ginsenoside Rg1, and 6-gingerol, were selected, and their anti-P. brassicae ability and effects on seedling growth were verified on the susceptible cultivar. Except for ethyl α-D-thioglucopyranoside, the remaining could inhibit clubroot development of varing degree. The use of 5 mg/L ginsenoside Rg1 + 5 mg/L 6-gingerol resulted in the lowest disease incidence and disease index among all treatments and enhanced seedling growth. The regulation of pathways or metabolites of carbapenem and ginsenoside was further explored. The results provide a preliminary understanding of the interaction between radish and P. brassicae at the metabolism level, as well as the development of measures for preventing clubroot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Li
- Vegetable Research Institute, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Tingmin Huang
- Vegetable Research Institute, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jinbiao Lu
- Vegetable Research Institute, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiuhong Xu
- Vegetable Research Institute, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wanping Zhang
- Vegetable Research Institute, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
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Li J, Liu P, Menguy N, Zhang X, Wang J, Benzerara K, Feng L, Sun L, Zheng Y, Meng F, Gu L, Leroy E, Hao J, Chu X, Pan Y. Intracellular silicification by early-branching magnetotactic bacteria. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabn6045. [PMID: 35559677 PMCID: PMC9106300 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn6045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biosilicification-the formation of biological structures composed of silica-has a wide distribution among eukaryotes; it plays a major role in global biogeochemical cycles, and has driven the decline of dissolved silicon in the oceans through geological time. While it has long been thought that eukaryotes are the only organisms appreciably affecting the biogeochemical cycling of Si, the recent discoveries of silica transporter genes and marked silicon accumulation in bacteria suggest that prokaryotes may play an underappreciated role in the Si cycle, particularly in ancient times. Here, we report a previously unidentified magnetotactic bacterium that forms intracellular, amorphous silica globules. This bacterium, phylogenetically affiliated with the phylum Nitrospirota, belongs to a deep-branching group of magnetotactic bacteria that also forms intracellular magnetite magnetosomes and sulfur inclusions. This contribution reveals intracellularly controlled silicification within prokaryotes and suggests a previously unrecognized influence on the biogeochemical Si cycle that was operational during early Earth history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Innovation Academy for Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
- Laboratory for Marine Geology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China
- College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Peiyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Innovation Academy for Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
- Laboratory for Marine Geology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China
- College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Nicolas Menguy
- Sorbonne Université, UMR CNRS 7590, MNHN, IRD, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Xingliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Early Life and Environments and Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Canadian Light Source Inc., University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 2V3, Canada
| | - Karim Benzerara
- Sorbonne Université, UMR CNRS 7590, MNHN, IRD, Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC), 75005 Paris, France
| | - Lianjun Feng
- Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Innovation Academy for Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
- College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Center for Biological Imaging, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yue Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Fanqi Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lin Gu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Eric Leroy
- ICMPE, University Paris East, UMR 7182, CNRS, 2-8 Rue Henri Dunant, Thiais, Cedex 94320, France
| | - Jialong Hao
- Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Innovation Academy for Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
- College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xuelei Chu
- Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Innovation Academy for Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
- College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yongxin Pan
- Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Innovation Academy for Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
- College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Struck C, Rüsch S, Strehlow B. Control Strategies of Clubroot Disease Caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae. Microorganisms 2022; 10:620. [PMID: 35336194 PMCID: PMC8949847 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10030620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The clubroot disease caused by the soil-borne pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae is one of the most important diseases of cruciferous crops worldwide. As with many plant pathogens, the spread is closely related to the cultivation of suitable host plants. In addition, temperature and water availability are crucial determinants for the occurrence and reproduction of clubroot disease. Current global changes are contributing to the widespread incidence of clubroot disease. On the one hand, global trade and high prices are leading to an increase in the cultivation of the host plant rapeseed worldwide. On the other hand, climate change is improving the living conditions of the pathogen P. brassicae in temperate climates and leading to its increased occurrence. Well-known ways to control efficiently this disease include arable farming strategies: growing host plants in wide crop rotations, liming the contaminated soils, and using resistant host plants. Since chemical control of the clubroot disease is not possible or not ecologically compatible, more and more alternative control options are being investigated. In this review, we address the challenges for its control, with a focus on biological control options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Struck
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock, Satower Str. 48, 18059 Rostock, Germany;
| | - Stefanie Rüsch
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock, Satower Str. 48, 18059 Rostock, Germany;
| | - Becke Strehlow
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Neubrandenburg, Brodaer Str. 2, 17033 Neubrandenburg, Germany;
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Husin N, Sapak Z. Bacillus cereus for Controlling Bacterial Heart Rot in Pineapple var. MD2. Trop Life Sci Res 2022; 33:77-89. [PMID: 35651639 PMCID: PMC9128647 DOI: 10.21315/tlsr2022.33.1.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial heart rot (BHR) disease caused by pathogenic bacteria, Dickeya zeae, is one of the destructive diseases of pineapple worldwide. This study explored the potential of Bacillus cereus against the BHR pathogen in vitro and in vivo. The BHR causal pathogen was isolated from symptomatic pineapple plants, demonstrating water-soaked and rotten basal tissues. Biological control agent (BCA) was isolated from asymptomatic pineapple leaves, later confirmed as B. cereus, and subsequently tested for the antagonistic activity against the BHR pathogen via disc diffusion assay and glasshouse trial. B. cereus showed the ability to inhibit the growth of BHR pathogen with 18.10 ± 0.36 mm of inhibition zone in diameter. The ability of B. cereus against the BHR pathogen was further confirmed via the glasshouse trial with five treatments. The results showed that treatments with B. cereus inoculation recorded lower disease severity index of 0.04 ± 0.01 than the positive control treatment with pathogen alone (0.53 ± 0.04). This finding indicated that B. cereus has a great potential as BCA against BHR disease in pineapple var. MD2, however, the effectiveness of this isolate needs to be further tested under actual field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naimah Husin
- Faculty of Plantation and Agrotechnology, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Jasin Campus, 77300 Merlimau, Melaka, Malaysia
| | - Zaiton Sapak
- Faculty of Plantation and Agrotechnology, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Jasin Campus, 77300 Merlimau, Melaka, Malaysia
- Sustainable Crop Protection Research Group, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
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