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Sexauer M, Bhasin H, Schön M, Roitsch E, Wall C, Herzog U, Markmann K. A micro RNA mediates shoot control of root branching. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8083. [PMID: 38057302 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43738-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants extract mineral nutrients from the soil, or from interactions with mutualistic soil microbes via their root systems. Adapting root architecture to nutrient availability enables efficient resource utilization, particularly in patchy and dynamic environments. Root growth responses to soil nitrogen levels are shoot-mediated, but the identity of shoot-derived mobile signals regulating root growth responses has remained enigmatic. Here we show that a shoot-derived micro RNA, miR2111, systemically steers lateral root initiation and nitrogen responsiveness through its root target TML (TOO MUCH LOVE) in the legume Lotus japonicus, where miR2111 and TML were previously shown to regulate symbiotic infections with nitrogen fixing bacteria. Intriguingly, systemic control of lateral root initiation by miR2111 and TML/HOLT (HOMOLOGUE OF LEGUME TML) was conserved in the nonsymbiotic ruderal Arabidopsis thaliana, which follows a distinct ecological strategy. Thus, the miR2111-TML/HOLT regulon emerges as an essential, conserved factor in adaptive shoot control of root architecture in dicots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Sexauer
- Eberhard-Karls-University, Centre for Molecular Biology of Plants, Tübingen, Germany
- Julius-Maximilians-University, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Hemal Bhasin
- Eberhard-Karls-University, Centre for Molecular Biology of Plants, Tübingen, Germany
- University of Toronto - Scarborough, Department of Biological Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Maria Schön
- Eberhard-Karls-University, Centre for Molecular Biology of Plants, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Elena Roitsch
- Eberhard-Karls-University, Centre for Molecular Biology of Plants, Tübingen, Germany
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute for Genetics, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Caroline Wall
- Eberhard-Karls-University, Centre for Molecular Biology of Plants, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ulrike Herzog
- Eberhard-Karls-University, Centre for Molecular Biology of Plants, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katharina Markmann
- Eberhard-Karls-University, Centre for Molecular Biology of Plants, Tübingen, Germany.
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute for Genetics, Halle/Saale, Germany.
- Julius-Maximilians-University, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, Würzburg, Germany.
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Nakagami S, Notaguchi M, Kondo T, Okamoto S, Ida T, Sato Y, Higashiyama T, Tsai AYL, Ishida T, Sawa S. Root-knot nematode modulates plant CLE3-CLV1 signaling as a long-distance signal for successful infection. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf4803. [PMID: 37267361 PMCID: PMC10413670 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf4803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Plants use many long-distance and systemic signals to modulate growth and development, as well as respond to biotic and abiotic stresses. Parasitic nematodes infect host plant roots and cause severe damage to crop plants. However, the molecular mechanisms that regulate parasitic nematode infections are still unknown. Here, we show that plant parasitic root-knot nematodes (RKNs), Meloidogyne incognita, modulate the host CLAVATA3 (CLV3)/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION (CLE)-CLV1 signaling module to promote the infection progression. Plants deficient in the CLE signaling pathway show enhanced RKN resistance, whereas CLE overexpression leads to increased susceptibility toward RKN. Grafting analysis shows that CLV1 expression in the shoot alone is sufficient to positively regulate RKN infection. Together with results from the split-root culture system, infection assays, and CLE3-CLV1 binding assays, we conclude that mobile root-derived CLE signals are perceived by CLV1 in the shoot, which subsequently produce systemic signals to promote gall formation and RKN reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Nakagami
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Michitaka Notaguchi
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Kondo
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Satoru Okamoto
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
- Japan Science and Technology Agency, Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Takanori Ida
- Department of Bioactive Peptides, Frontier Science Research Center, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
| | - Yoshikatsu Sato
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Higashiyama
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Allen Yi-Lun Tsai
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
- International Research Center for Agricultural & Environmental Biology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Takashi Ishida
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
- International Research Organization for Advanced Science and Technology (IROAST), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Sawa
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
- International Research Center for Agricultural & Environmental Biology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
- International Research Organization for Advanced Science and Technology (IROAST), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
- Institute of Industrial Nanomaterial (IINA), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
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Lebedeva MA, Dobychkina DA, Yashenkova YS, Romanyuk DA, Lutova LA. Local and systemic targets of the MtCLE35-SUNN pathway in the roots of Medicago truncatula. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 281:153922. [PMID: 36669364 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.153922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
CLE (CLAVATA3/ENDOSPERM SURROUNDING REGION-related) peptides are systemic regulators of legume-rhizobium symbiosis that negatively control the number of nitrogen-fixing nodules. CLE peptides are produced in the root in response to rhizobia inoculation and/or nitrate treatment and are transported to the shoot where they are recognized by the CLV1-like (CLAVATA1-like) receptor kinase. As a result, a shoot-derived signaling pathway is activated that inhibits subsequent nodule development in the root. In Medicago truncatula, MtCLE35 is activated in response to rhizobia and nitrate treatment and the overexpression of this gene systemically inhibits nodulation. The inhibitory effect of MtCLE35 overexpression is dependent on the CLV1-like receptor kinase MtSUNN (SUPER NUMERIC NODULES), suggesting that MtSUNN could be involved in the reception of the MtCLE35 peptide. Yet little is known about the downstream genes regulated by a MtCLE35-activated response in the root. In order to identify genes whose expression levels could be regulated by the MtCLE35-MtSUNN pathway, we performed a MACE-Seq (Massive Analysis of cDNA Ends) transcriptomic analysis of MtCLE35-overexpressing roots. Among upregulated genes, the gene MtSUNN that encodes a putative receptor of MtCLE35 was detected. Moreover, we found that MtSUNN, as well as several other differentially expressed genes, were upregulated locally in MtCLE35-overexpressing roots whereas the MtTML1 and MtTML2 genes were upregulated systemically. Our data suggest that MtCLE35 has both local and systemic effects on target genes in the root.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Lebedeva
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya emb.7/9, 199034, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
| | - D A Dobychkina
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya emb.7/9, 199034, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ya S Yashenkova
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya emb.7/9, 199034, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - D A Romanyuk
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology (ARRIAM), Laboratory of Genetics of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Podbelsky Sh. 3, 196608, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - L A Lutova
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya emb.7/9, 199034, Saint Petersburg, Russia; Center for Genetic Technologies, N. I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), 190000 Saint Petersburg, Russia
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