1
|
Dudzisz-Śledź M, Kondracka M, Rudzińska M, Zając AE, Firlej W, Sulejczak D, Borkowska A, Szostakowski B, Szumera-Ciećkiewicz A, Piątkowski J, Rutkowski P, Czarnecka AM. Mesenchymal Chondrosarcoma from Diagnosis to Clinical Trials. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4581. [PMID: 37760551 PMCID: PMC10527018 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15184581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma (MCS) is a rare subtype of chondrosarcoma with a poor prognosis. Although these tumors are sensitive to radiotherapy/chemotherapy, the standard treatment for localized MCS is only surgical resection, and there are no established treatment guidelines for patients with advanced and metastatic MCS. Due to the low incidence of MCS, the pathology of these tumors is still unknown, and other therapeutic options are lacking. Some studies show the potential role of the PDGF/PPI3K/AKT, PKC/RAF/MEK/ERK, and pRB pathways, and BCL2 overexpression in the pathogenesis of MCS. These findings provide an opportunity to use protein kinases and BCL2 inhibitors as potential therapy in MCS. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about MCS diagnosis and treatment options. We show the immunological and molecular biomarkers used in the diagnosis of MCS. In addition, we discuss the known prognostic and predictive factors in MCS. Finally, we present the novel trends, including targeted therapies and ongoing clinical trials using protein kinase inhibitors and the death receptor 5 (DR5) agonist, which may be the focus of future MCS treatment studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Dudzisz-Śledź
- Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (M.D.-Ś.); (M.K.); (M.R.); (A.E.Z.); (W.F.); (A.B.); (B.S.); (P.R.)
| | - Monika Kondracka
- Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (M.D.-Ś.); (M.K.); (M.R.); (A.E.Z.); (W.F.); (A.B.); (B.S.); (P.R.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Rudzińska
- Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (M.D.-Ś.); (M.K.); (M.R.); (A.E.Z.); (W.F.); (A.B.); (B.S.); (P.R.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka E. Zając
- Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (M.D.-Ś.); (M.K.); (M.R.); (A.E.Z.); (W.F.); (A.B.); (B.S.); (P.R.)
| | - Wiktoria Firlej
- Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (M.D.-Ś.); (M.K.); (M.R.); (A.E.Z.); (W.F.); (A.B.); (B.S.); (P.R.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Sulejczak
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Aneta Borkowska
- Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (M.D.-Ś.); (M.K.); (M.R.); (A.E.Z.); (W.F.); (A.B.); (B.S.); (P.R.)
| | - Bartłomiej Szostakowski
- Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (M.D.-Ś.); (M.K.); (M.R.); (A.E.Z.); (W.F.); (A.B.); (B.S.); (P.R.)
| | - Anna Szumera-Ciećkiewicz
- Department of Pathology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland;
- Department of Diagnostic Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Piątkowski
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Piotr Rutkowski
- Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (M.D.-Ś.); (M.K.); (M.R.); (A.E.Z.); (W.F.); (A.B.); (B.S.); (P.R.)
| | - Anna M. Czarnecka
- Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (M.D.-Ś.); (M.K.); (M.R.); (A.E.Z.); (W.F.); (A.B.); (B.S.); (P.R.)
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
SOX9 and SATB2 Immunohistochemistry Cannot Reliably Distinguish Between Osteosarcoma and Chondrosarcoma on Biopsy Material. Hum Pathol 2022; 121:56-64. [PMID: 35016891 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2021.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Limited tissue in biopsies of malignant bone lesions can preclude definitive subclassification, especially when cellular or matrix elements are sparse, absent, or confounding. It is uncertain whether IHC for SOX9 (marker of chondrogenesis) and SATB2 (marker of osteoblastic differentiation) may be discriminatory tools towards osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma. METHODS This study interrogated the pre-resection biopsies of a cohort of osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma with SATB2 and SOX9 in tandem, to assess their value as diagnostic adjuncts as well as their concordance with final resection diagnoses. RESULTS SATB2 was expressed more frequently in osteosarcoma (46/53, 86%) compared to chondrosarcoma (9/18, 50%); SOX9 was expressed in high frequencies in both osteosarcoma (52/53, 98%) and chondrosarcoma (17/18, 94%), and SATB2 and SOX9 were co-expressed in both osteosarcoma (46/53, 89%) and chondrosarcoma (8/18, 44%). CONCLUSIONS There exists significant overlap in expression of SATB2 and SOX9 in osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma. These markers are not expressed in a distribution that is unique enough for application towards this particular diagnostic differential.
Collapse
|
3
|
Kim HS, Kim HJ, Hwang HJ, Ahn JH, Do SH. Immunophenotyping of an Unusual Mixed-Type Extraskeletal Osteosarcoma in a Dog. Vet Sci 2021; 8:vetsci8120307. [PMID: 34941834 PMCID: PMC8707392 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8120307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A 6-year-old female Maltese dog presented with a cervical mass without pain. The tumor was surrounded by a thick fibrous tissue and consisted of an osteoid matrix with osteoblasts and two distinct areas: a mesenchymal cell-rich lesion with numerous multinucleated giant cells and a chondroid matrix-rich lesion. The tumor cells exhibited heterogeneous protein expression, including a positive expression of vimentin, cytokeratin, RANKL, CRLR, SOX9, and collagen 2, and was diagnosed as extraskeletal osteosarcoma. Despite its malignancy, the dog showed no sign of recurrence or metastasis three months after the resection. Further analysis of the tumor cells revealed a high expression of proliferation- and metastasis-related biomarkers in the absence of angiogenesis-related biomarkers, suggesting that the lack of angiogenesis and the elevated tumor-associated fibrosis resulted in a hypoxic tumor microenvironment and prevented metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Sung Kim
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea; (H.-S.K.); (H.-J.K.); (H.-J.H.)
| | - Han-Jun Kim
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea; (H.-S.K.); (H.-J.K.); (H.-J.H.)
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USA
| | - Hyun-Jeong Hwang
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea; (H.-S.K.); (H.-J.K.); (H.-J.H.)
| | - Jong-Hyun Ahn
- Waltz Animal Hospital, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul 07411, Korea;
| | - Sun-Hee Do
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea; (H.-S.K.); (H.-J.K.); (H.-J.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-450-3706
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zając AE, Kopeć S, Szostakowski B, Spałek MJ, Fiedorowicz M, Bylina E, Filipowicz P, Szumera-Ciećkiewicz A, Tysarowski A, Czarnecka AM, Rutkowski P. Chondrosarcoma-from Molecular Pathology to Novel Therapies. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2390. [PMID: 34069269 PMCID: PMC8155983 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chondrosarcoma (CHS) is the second most common primary malignant bone sarcoma. Overall survival and prognosis of this tumor are various and often extreme, depending on histological grade and tumor subtype. CHS treatment is difficult, and surgery remains still the gold standard due to the resistance of this tumor to other therapeutic options. Considering the role of differentiation of CHS subtypes and the need to develop new treatment strategies, in this review, we introduced a multidisciplinary characterization of CHS from its pathology to therapies. We described the morphology of each subtype with the role of immunohistochemical markers in diagnostics of CHS. We also summarized the most frequently mutated genes and genome regions with altered pathways involved in the pathology of this tumor. Subsequently, we discussed imaging methods and the role of currently used therapies, including surgery and the limitations of chemo and radiotherapy. Finally, in this review, we presented novel targeted therapies, including those at ongoing clinical trials, which can be a potential future target in designing new therapeutics for patients with CHS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka E. Zając
- Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (A.E.Z.); (S.K.); (B.S.); (M.J.S.); (E.B.); (P.F.); (P.R.)
| | - Sylwia Kopeć
- Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (A.E.Z.); (S.K.); (B.S.); (M.J.S.); (E.B.); (P.F.); (P.R.)
| | - Bartłomiej Szostakowski
- Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (A.E.Z.); (S.K.); (B.S.); (M.J.S.); (E.B.); (P.F.); (P.R.)
| | - Mateusz J. Spałek
- Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (A.E.Z.); (S.K.); (B.S.); (M.J.S.); (E.B.); (P.F.); (P.R.)
| | - Michał Fiedorowicz
- Small Animal Magnetic Resonance Imaging Laboratory, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Elżbieta Bylina
- Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (A.E.Z.); (S.K.); (B.S.); (M.J.S.); (E.B.); (P.F.); (P.R.)
- Department of Clinical Trials, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paulina Filipowicz
- Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (A.E.Z.); (S.K.); (B.S.); (M.J.S.); (E.B.); (P.F.); (P.R.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Szumera-Ciećkiewicz
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Diagnostics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland;
- Department of Diagnostic Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Tysarowski
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland;
- Department of Molecular and Translational Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna M. Czarnecka
- Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (A.E.Z.); (S.K.); (B.S.); (M.J.S.); (E.B.); (P.F.); (P.R.)
| | - Piotr Rutkowski
- Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland; (A.E.Z.); (S.K.); (B.S.); (M.J.S.); (E.B.); (P.F.); (P.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu Y, Feng X, Zhang Y, Jiang H, Cai X, Yan X, Huang Z, Mo F, Yang W, Yang C, Yang S, Liu X. Establishment and characterization of a novel osteosarcoma cell line: CHOS. J Orthop Res 2016; 34:2116-2125. [PMID: 27017908 DOI: 10.1002/jor.23245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma has a well-recognized bimodal distribution, with the first peak in adolescence and another in the elderly age-group. The elderly patients have different clinical features and a poorer prognosis as compared to adolescents. To better understand the biological features of osteosarcoma in the elderly population, we established a new human osteosarcoma cell line from a 58-year-old man with primary chondroblastic osteosarcoma. After 6 months of continuous culture in vitro for over 50 passages, an immortalized cell line CHOS was established. The cell line was well-characterized by cytogenetic, biomarker, functional, and histological analyses. The CHOS cells exhibited a spindle-shaped morphology and a doubling time of 36 h. Cytogenetic analysis of CHOS cells revealed the loss of chromosome Y and the gain of chromosome 12. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blotting and/or immunofluorescence revealed the expression of chondroblastic, mesenchymal and tumor metastasis markers in the CHOS cells. Compared with the osteosarcoma cell line, the CHOS cells were found to be more sensitive to cisplatin and doxorubicin, but were resistant to methotrexate. The cell line was highly tumorigenic and maintained the histological characteristics and invasive nature of the original tumor. Furthermore, on immunohistochemical analysis, the xenografts and metastases were found to co-express collagen II, aggrecan, vimentin and S100A4 that resembled the original tumor cells. Our results indicate, the potential of CHOS cell line to serve as a useful tool for further studies on the molecular biology of osteosarcoma, especially in the elderly patients. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:2116-2125, 2016.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunlu Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 JieFang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiaobo Feng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 JieFang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yukun Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 JieFang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Hongyan Jiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 JieFang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xianyi Cai
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 JieFang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xinxin Yan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 JieFang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zengfa Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 JieFang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Fengbo Mo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 JieFang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Wen Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 JieFang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Cao Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 JieFang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Shuhua Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 JieFang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xianzhe Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 JieFang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Machado I, Navarro S, Picci P, Llombart-Bosch A. The utility of SATB2 immunohistochemical expression in distinguishing between osteosarcomas and their malignant bone tumor mimickers, such as Ewing sarcomas and chondrosarcomas. Pathol Res Pract 2016; 212:811-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2016.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 05/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
7
|
Lugowska I, Mierzejewska E, Lenarcik M, Klepacka T, Koch I, Michalak E, Szamotulska K. The clinical significance of changes in ezrin expression in osteosarcoma of children and young adults. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:12071-12078. [PMID: 27207343 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5091-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ezrin is a protein that functions as a cross-linker between actin cytoskeleton and plasma membrane. Its clinical role in osteosarcoma is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate, in osteosarcoma, the prognostic value of ezrin expression at biopsy and changes in expression levels after preoperative chemotherapy. Thirty-eight newly diagnosed osteosarcoma patients aged 6-23 years were included. At diagnosis, 20 patients had localized disease, the others had distant metastases. Median follow-up was 75 months (range 13-135). Ezrin expression was assessed immunohistochemically in biopsy tissue and primary tumour specimens resected after chemotherapy. The influence on survival of changes in ezrin expression after chemotherapy was analysed. Ezrin expression was significantly higher after preoperative chemotherapy and changes compared to biopsy tissue were significantly lower in patients with early progression than in patients with relapse or no further evidence of disease (p = 0.006 and p = 0.002, respectively). Similarly, ezrin expression was higher after preoperative chemotherapy and exhibited less change in expression in deceased patients compared to patients surviving more than 5 years (both p = 0.001). Ezrin expression at biopsy was significantly associated with both histopathological aggressiveness (p < 0.001) and tumour size (p = 0.037). The results of this study provide evidence that changes in overexpression of ezrin due to preoperative chemotherapy could be a useful predictive and prognostic marker in patients with osteosarcoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Lugowska
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Mother and Child, M. Kasprzak Street 17a, 01-211, Warsaw, Poland. .,Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Centre and Institute of Oncology, K. W. Roentgen Street, 02-781, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Ewa Mierzejewska
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Mother and Child, M. Kasprzak Street 17a, 01-211, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Lenarcik
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Mother and Child, M. Kasprzak Street 17a, 01-211, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Teresa Klepacka
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Mother and Child, M. Kasprzak Street 17a, 01-211, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Irena Koch
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Mother and Child, M. Kasprzak Street 17a, 01-211, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elzbieta Michalak
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Mother and Child, M. Kasprzak Street 17a, 01-211, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Szamotulska
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Mother and Child, M. Kasprzak Street 17a, 01-211, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Shooshtarizadeh T, Nazeri A, Zare-Mirzaie A, Movahedinia S. Expression of insulin-like growth factor ІI mRNA binding protein 3 (IMP3) in enchondroma and chondrosarcoma. Pathol Res Pract 2016; 212:335-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2016.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2015] [Revised: 01/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
9
|
Bone- and cartilage-forming tumors and ewing sarcoma: an update with a gnathic emphasis. Head Neck Pathol 2014; 8:454-62. [PMID: 25409851 PMCID: PMC4245414 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-014-0587-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, there have been remarkable advances in bone tumor pathology. Insights into the genetic basis and pathobiology of many tumor types have impacted diagnosis, classification, and treatment. However, because gnathic lesions may comprise only a small proportion of cases overall for many tumors, clinicopathologic features and management considerations specific to this subset may be overlooked. Here we provide a summary of recent developments in the following tumor types: osteosarcoma (OS), chondrosarcoma (CS), osteoid osteoma (OO), osteoblastoma (OB), and Ewing sarcoma (ES). In particular, we will give special consideration to cases arising in the jaws.
Collapse
|
10
|
Khandekar S, Dive A, Munde P, Fande PZ. Chondroblastic osteosarcoma of the left zygomatic bone: Rare case report and review of the literature. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2014; 18:281-5. [PMID: 25328313 PMCID: PMC4196301 DOI: 10.4103/0973-029x.140791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Chondroblastic osteosarcoma (COS), a subgroup of intramedullary osteosarcoma (OS), is the most common osteosarcoma that occurs in adolescents and early adulthood. The COS has similar clinical and radiological features to those of conventional OS. We present a case of 20-year-old male patient with the chief complaint of pain and swelling in the left zygomatic region. The computed tomography (CT) and three-dimensional (3D) CT face showed erosion, calcific foci, sunray type of spicules suggestive of OS. On fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) examination, initial diagnosis was malignant chondroid lesion, with differential diagnosis of mesenchymal chrondrosarcoma, COS on incisional biopsy and finally COS on excisional biopsy. The patient underwent radical resection of left zygomatic arch, followed by chemotherapy. Although clinically unsuspected in this unusual site, histopathology along with immunohistochemistry (IHC) results confirmed the COS. Because zygomatic location of COS is very rare, this report aimed to discuss clinical, radiographic, histopathologic, IHC findings and diagnostic pitfalls of COS in light of the literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shubhangi Khandekar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Vidya Shikshan Prasarak Mandal's Dental College and Research Centre, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Alka Dive
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Vidya Shikshan Prasarak Mandal's Dental College and Research Centre, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Prashant Munde
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Vidya Shikshan Prasarak Mandal's Dental College and Research Centre, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Prajakta Zade Fande
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Vidya Shikshan Prasarak Mandal's Dental College and Research Centre, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Molecular Distinction of Chondrosarcoma From Chondroblastic Osteosarcoma Through IDH1/2 Mutations. Am J Surg Pathol 2013; 37:787-95. [DOI: 10.1097/pas.0b013e31827ab703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
12
|
Thariat J, Schouman T, Brouchet A, Sarini J, Miller R, Reychler H, Ray-Coquard I, Italiano A, Verite C, Sohawon S, Bompas E, Dassonville O, Salas S, Aldabbagh K, Maingon P, de La MotteRouge T, Kurtz J, Usseglio J, Kerbrat P, Raoul G, Lotz J, Bar-Sela G, Brugières L, Chaigneau L, Saada E, Odin G, Marcy P, Thyss A, Julieron M. Osteosarcomas of the mandible: multidisciplinary management of a rare tumor of the young adult a cooperative study of the GSF-GETO, Rare Cancer Network, GETTEC/REFCOR and SFCE. Ann Oncol 2013; 24:824-31. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mds507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
13
|
Abstract
Accurate diagnosis of bone-forming tumors, including correct subclassification of osteogenic sarcoma is critical for determination of appropriate clinical management and prediction of patient outcome. The morphologic spectrum of osteogenic sarcoma is extensive, however, and its histologic mimics are numerous. This review focuses on the major differential diagnoses of the specific subtypes of osteosarcoma, presents summaries of various diagnoses, and provides tips to overcoming pitfalls in diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana L Gonzalez
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 3rd Floor, Medical Center North, C-3321, Nashville, TN 37232-2561, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Gomez-Brouchet A, Bouvier C, Decouvelaere AV, Larousserie F, Aubert S, Leroy X, Guinebretière JM, Coulomb A, Cassagnau E, de Muret A, Audard V, Marie B, de Pinieux G. [Place of the pathologist in the management of primary bone tumors (osteosarcoma and Ewing's family tumors after neoadjuvant treatment)]. Ann Pathol 2011; 31:455-65. [PMID: 22172118 DOI: 10.1016/j.annpat.2011.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2011] [Accepted: 10/11/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The survival of osteosarcoma and Ewing family tumours has been improved by the introduction of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The response to preoperative chemotherapy is evaluated on the microscopic analysis of the surgical resection, by the percentage of tumour necrosis according to the Huvos and Rosen's grading. It remains the only reliable prognostic factor for patients and is used to guide the choice of post-operative chemotherapy. The macroscopic and microscopic management of the surgical resection (cf. supra) is essential and is the subject of a specific protocol. Several studies have been conducted to identify news factors able to predict the response to chemotherapy, the tumour aggressiveness and its ability to develop metastases. Inhibitors of mTOR and/or regulators of the balance RANKL/OPG are promising therapeutics. The study's expression of these new factors could be performed on the biopsy and will offer new therapeutic strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Gomez-Brouchet
- Service de pathologie, département d'anatomie et cytologie pathologiques, Toulouse, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Jaroensong T, Endo Y, Lee SJ, Kamida A, Mochizuki M, Nishimura R, Sasaki N, Nakagawa T. Effects of transplantation sites on tumour growth, pulmonary metastasis and ezrin expression of canine osteosarcoma cell lines in nude mice. Vet Comp Oncol 2011; 10:274-82. [PMID: 22236104 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5829.2011.00294.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
To determine the influence of the transplantation site of canine osteosarcoma (OS) cell lines on tumour growth and pulmonary metastasis, three OS cell lines were transplanted into nude mice via subcutaneous (SC), intratibial (IT) or intravenous (IV) injection. IT-xenografts exhibited greater potential for developing primary masses and pulmonary metastasis than SC-xenografts. In IT and IV xenografts, lung micrometastases along with phosphorylated ezrin-radixin-moesin (p-ERM) overexpression were found in mice xenografted with HMPOS and OOS cells after 1 week and metastasis was found with decreased p-ERM expression at later time points. The expression of ezrin and p-ERM in the primary tumours of IT-xenografted mice was higher than those in SC-xenografted mice with HMPOS and OOS cells. The results suggest that the orthotopic transplantation site plays an important role in the spontaneous metastasis of canine OS and that ezrin phosphorylation may be involved in the early metastatic mechanism of canine OS cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Jaroensong
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Thariat J, Julieron M, Brouchet A, Italiano A, Schouman T, Marcy PY, Odin G, Lacout A, Dassonville O, Peyrottes-Birstwisles I, Miller R, Thyss A, Isambert N. Osteosarcomas of the mandible: are they different from other tumor sites? Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2011; 82:280-95. [PMID: 21868246 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2011.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2011] [Revised: 07/03/2011] [Accepted: 07/29/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcomas of the mandible (MOS) affect 1/10 million persons/year, mostly the young adult. Due to lack of specific data, the treatment of MOS is extrapolated from that of extragnathic OS but varies widely between institutions. MATERIALS AND METHODS We aimed at providing a focused description of MOS histologies and grades through the English literature, at determining the evidence-based role of chemotherapy, of adjuvant radiation therapy and the potential of reconstructive surgery tailored through modern pre-operative multi-modal imaging. RESULTS The estimated proportion of high grade MOS was 58%. However, low-grade MOS may be underestimated as they are mostly reported as case reports. The intermediate grade was hardly found in the literature. Estimated weighted-mean proportions of chondroblastic and osteoblastic MOS were 37% and 46%, respectively. Multimodal imaging modalities including MRI has a great potential for accurate pre-operative assessment of tumor extensions into bone and soft tissues. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment and margins the most important factor. The role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in treating occult systemic metastases and in increasing the probability of clear margins is controversial, as well as the histology-dependent response to chemotherapy. The role of adjuvant radiotherapy (mostly proposed for positive margins) and/or adjuvant chemotherapy is still controversial. Crude survival is around 77% and local control around 67%. Local failure is the main cause of death in MOS compared to extragnathic sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Thariat
- Department of Radiation Oncology/IBDC CNRS UMR 6543, Cancer Center Antoine-Lacassagne - Institut Universitaire de la Face et du Cou, University Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 33 Av. Valombrose, 06189 NICE Cedex 2 France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Galectin-1 is a powerful marker to distinguish chondroblastic osteosarcoma and conventional chondrosarcoma. Hum Pathol 2010; 41:1220-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2009.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2009] [Revised: 10/06/2009] [Accepted: 10/17/2009] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
|
18
|
SÖDERSTRÖM MIRVA, PALOKANGAS TUIRE, VAHLBERG TERO, BÖHLING TOM, ARO HANNU, CARPEN OLLI. Expression of ezrin, Bcl-2, and Ki-67 in chondrosarcomas. APMIS 2010; 118:769-76. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2010.02656.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
19
|
Di Cristofano C, Leopizzi M, Miraglia A, Sardella B, Moretti V, Ferrara A, Petrozza V, Della Rocca C. Phosphorylated ezrin is located in the nucleus of the osteosarcoma cell. Mod Pathol 2010; 23:1012-20. [PMID: 20348881 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2010.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The survival of osteosarcoma patients is connected to metastasis. The ezrin expression is associated with the development of metastasis and poor outcome in osteosarcoma. Ezrin is present in the cytoplasm and after phosphorylation assumes an active form and links F-actin to the cell membrane. This study evaluated ezrin and phosphorylated ezrin at site Tyr354 and Thr567 expression and its subcellular localization in osteosarcoma. We studied 50 osteosarcoma patients (mean follow-up 9.8 years). Ezrin expression was assessed using immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence analysis on tissue microarray and cultured cells of human osteosarcoma 143B. The western blot analysis was carried out on cultured cells. The majority of osteosarcomas, showing cytoplasmic positivity for ezrin, phosphorylated and unphosphorylated, were associated with membranous and nuclear positivity for phosphorylated ezrin Thr567 and phosphorylated ezrin Tyr354, respectively. Ezrin expression was associated with high-grade osteosarcoma (P=0.04), with metastasis (P=0.04) and with tumors that developed metastasis (P=0.04); phosphorylated ezrin Thr567 expression was present mostly in tumors with metastasis (P=0.01) and in osteosarcomas that did not develop metastasis (P=0.002). The osteosarcoma patients with ezrin expression have a short survival. The cytoplasmic ezrin expression in osteosarcoma matches its role of membrane-cytoskeleton linker protein. The subcellular trafficking of ezrin is not blocked and it is linked to ezrin phosphorylation, also in cancer. The phosphorylated ezrin Tyr354 nuclear localization suggests its possible role as a nuclear factor in osteosarcoma. The phosphorylated ezrin Thr567 phosphorylation may not be necessary in osteosarcoma metastatic progression but it was modulated. The ezrin expression is associated with more aggressive osteosarcomas and with metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Di Cristofano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Polo Pontino, I.C.O.T, Latina, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ezrin immunohistochemical expression in chondrosarcomas, osteosarcomas and Ewing sarcoma family of tumors. Virchows Arch 2010; 457:87-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00428-010-0940-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2010] [Revised: 05/21/2010] [Accepted: 05/27/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
21
|
Abstract
Canine osteosarcoma (OS) is an aggressive tumour that accounts for approximately 90% of primary bone tumours in the dog. Although the standard treatments (including limb amputation/sparing, chemotherapy and palliative radiotherapy) have significantly increased survival rates, almost 90% of animals will eventually develop predominantly pulmonary metastases. Despite advances in various therapies, prognosis remains poor, with median survival times ranging from 3 months to 1 year and <20% of dogs survive for >2 years following diagnosis. Various clinical and epidemiological markers have facilitated decision-making with respect to therapy but no single molecular biomarker has been shown to enhance prediction of disease progression. The publication of the canine genome in 2005 raised the possibility of increasing understanding of the genetic mechanisms underpinning canine OS. This review explores the use of biomarkers within the multi-disciplinary management of dogs with OS, and highlights the few known, potential prognostic/predictive molecular markers including their potential value as 'bridging biomarkers' for human OS. Although high-throughput profiling of canine OS remains in its infancy, research within the next decade using leading-edge screening technologies has the potential to identify biomarkers that may enhance diagnostic and prognostic accuracy and result in more effective, individually tailored, treatment and management protocols for affected dogs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gayathri Thevi Selvarajah
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Meningeal chondroblastic osteosarcoma: case report and review of the literature. J Neurooncol 2010; 100:305-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s11060-010-0167-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2010] [Accepted: 03/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
23
|
Current world literature. Curr Opin Pediatr 2010; 22:117-26. [PMID: 20068414 DOI: 10.1097/mop.0b013e32833539b5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
24
|
Isolation of osteosarcoma-associated human antibodies from a combinatorial Fab phage display library. J Biomed Biotechnol 2009; 2009:157531. [PMID: 20037728 PMCID: PMC2796230 DOI: 10.1155/2009/157531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2009] [Revised: 06/29/2009] [Accepted: 09/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma, a
highly malignant disease, is the most common
primary bone tumor and is frequently found in
children and adolescents. In order to isolate
antibodies against osteosarcoma antigens, a
combinatorial osteosarcoma Fab library displayed
on the surface of phages was used. After three
rounds of selection on the surface of tumor
cells, several osteosarcoma-reactive Fabs were
detected. From these Fabs, five were better
characterized, and despite having differences in
their VH (heavy chain variable domain) and
Vκ (kappa chain variable domain) regions, they all bound to a protein with the same molecular mass. Further analysis by cell ELISA and immunocytochemistry suggested that the Fabs recognize a membrane-associated tumor antigen expressed in higher amounts in neoplasic cells than in normal tissue. These results suggest that the human Fabs selected in this work are a valuable tool for the study of this neoplasia.
Collapse
|