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Utilizing Melatonin to Alleviate Side Effects of Chemotherapy: A Potentially Good Partner for Treating Cancer with Ageing. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:6841581. [PMID: 32566095 PMCID: PMC7260648 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6841581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Persistent senescence seems to exert detrimental effects fostering ageing and age-related disorders, such as cancer. Chemotherapy is one of the most valuable treatments for cancer, but its clinical application is limited due to adverse side effects. Melatonin is a potent antioxidant and antiageing molecule, is nontoxic, and enhances the efficacy and reduces the side effects of chemotherapy. In this review, we first summarize the mitochondrial protective role of melatonin in the context of chemotherapeutic drug-induced toxicity. Thereafter, we tabulate the protective actions of melatonin against ageing and the harmful roles induced by chemotherapy and chemotherapeutic agents, including anthracyclines, alkylating agents, platinum, antimetabolites, mitotic inhibitors, and molecular-targeted agents. Finally, we discuss several novel directions for future research in this area. The information compiled in this review will provide a comprehensive reference for the protective activities of melatonin in the context of chemotherapy drug-induced toxicity and will contribute to the design of future studies and increase the potential of melatonin as a therapeutic agent.
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The multiple functions of melatonin in regenerative medicine. Ageing Res Rev 2018; 45:33-52. [PMID: 29630951 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin research has been experiencing hyper growth in the last two decades; this relates to its numerous physiological functions including anti-inflammation, oncostasis, circadian and endocrine rhythm regulation, and its potent antioxidant activity. Recently, a large number of studies have focused on the role of melatonin in the regeneration of cells or tissues after their partial loss. In this review, we discuss the recent findings on the molecular involvement of melatonin in the regeneration of various tissues including the nervous system, liver, bone, kidney, bladder, skin, and muscle, among others.
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Chen YH, Chen CJ, Wang SJ, Lin YN, Chen WC, Tsai MY, Chen HY. Downregulation of tight junction protein zonula occludens-2 and urothelium damage in a cyclophosphamide-induced mouse model of cystitis. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2018; 57:399-406. [PMID: 29880173 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2018.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced model of cystitis in mice closely fits the symptoms of chronic bladder inflammation. Cystitis was recently found to be due to an altered gap junction protein in a rat model. Thus, this study was conducted to evaluate changes in protein expression and composition in the bladder of CYP-treated mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Administration of CYP induced cystitis-related symptoms in mice. Cystometry was assessed and cell junction-associated protein zonula occludens-2 (ZO-2) expression was measured. Voiding interval values (time between voids) were assessed in mice under anesthesia. The bladders were removed for proteomic analysis using label-free quantitative proteomics and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Additionally, immunochemistry (IHC) and Western blot were used to confirm the location and level, respectively, of ZO-2 expression. RESULTS Compared to the control group, the voiding interval values and urothelial thickness in the bladder in the CYP-treated group were significantly decreased. Additionally, we identified 105 differentially expressed proteins in the bladder of CYP-treated mice with proteomic analysis. These proteins were involved in cell-cell tight junctions, exocytosis, muscle development, contraction, and regulation, immune responses, proteolysis, and cell adhesion. IHC and Western blot confirmed the downregulation of the tight junction protein ZO-2 in the urothelium of bladder. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that downregulation in tight junction protein ZO-2 and urothelium damage may have a role in cystitis-related OAB. These changes could be related to the molecular mechanism of cystitis-related OAB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Hsiang Chen
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Sex Hormone Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Department of Urology, Chinese Medicine Research Center, Research Center for Chinese Medicine and Acupuncture, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Proteomics Core Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Department of Psychology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Jung Chen
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Sex Hormone Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jing Wang
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ning Lin
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Sex Hormone Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chi Chen
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Department of Urology, Chinese Medicine Research Center, Research Center for Chinese Medicine and Acupuncture, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Proteomics Core Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yen Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Department of Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Huey-Yi Chen
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Sex Hormone Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Proteomics Core Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
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