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Laurenge A, Huillard E, Bielle F, Idbaih A. Cell of Origin of Brain and Spinal Cord Tumors. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1394:85-101. [PMID: 36587383 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-14732-6_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A better understanding of cellular and molecular biology of primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors is a critical step toward the design of innovative treatments. In addition to improving knowledge, identification of the cell of origin in tumors allows for sharp and efficient targeting of specific tumor cells promoting and driving oncogenic processes. The World Health Organization identifies approximately 150 primary brain tumor subtypes with various ontogeny and clinical outcomes. Identification of the cell of origin of each tumor type with its lineage and differentiation level is challenging. In the current chapter, we report the suspected cell of origin of various CNS primary tumors including gliomas, glioneuronal tumors, medulloblastoma, meningioma, atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor, germinomas, and lymphoma. Most of them have been pinpointed through transgenic mouse models and analysis of molecular signatures of tumors. Identification of the cell or cells of origin in primary brain tumors will undoubtedly open new therapeutic avenues, including the reactivation of differentiation programs for therapeutic perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Laurenge
- AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau-Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Service de Neurologie 2-Mazarin, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Huillard
- INSERM, CNRS, APHP, Institut du Cerveau-Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Franck Bielle
- AP-HP, SIRIC CURAMUS, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de La Moelle Épinière, ICM, Service de Neuropathologie Escourolle, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Ahmed Idbaih
- AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, UMR S 1127, Institut du Cerveau-Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Service de Neurologie 2-Mazarin, 75013, Paris, France.
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Yao K, Duan Z, Du Z, Fan X, Qu Y, Zhang M, Wang Y, Liu H, Sun L, Qi X. PRKCA D463H Mutation in Chordoid Glioma of the Third Ventricle: A Cohort of 16 Cases, Including Two Cases Harboring BRAFV600E Mutation. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2021; 79:1183-1192. [PMID: 33085976 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlaa107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chordoid gliomas (CG) of the third ventricle are characterized by chordoid and glial features, but the extent of histological variations across CG is not fully understood. Herein, we report 16 consecutive cases of CG. All 16 patients had histories of headache and vision loss; their median age was 41.7 years at the surgery. Histological examination revealed typical features of CG, including cords of epithelioid cells within the mucinous stroma and lymphoplasmacytic infiltration. Two cases exhibited atypical histological features including histiocyte-like cells. PRKCA mutation was found in 14 cases, including the 2 with histiocytic features. BRAFV600E mutation was found only in the 2 cases with histiocytic features. The patients underwent gross total tumor resection without radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Three patients died between 1 and 4 months postsurgery. Only one had a recurrence. Eleven were alive at the most recent follow-up (range: 2-58 months). These data indicate that PRKCA mutation was a good diagnostic marker for CG and additionally suggest that histiocyte-like features can be present in CG in association with BRAF mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yao
- Departments of Pathology and Neurosurgery, San Bo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Zejun Duan
- Departments of Pathology and Neurosurgery, San Bo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Haidian District, Beijing, China.,The Department of Pathology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zunguo Du
- Departments of Pathology and Neurosurgery, San Bo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolong Fan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, Laboratory of Neuroscience and Brain Development, School of Life Sciences Beijing Normal University
| | - Yanming Qu
- Departments of Pathology and Neurosurgery, San Bo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Mingshan Zhang
- Departments of Pathology and Neurosurgery, San Bo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Yin Wang
- Departments of Pathology and Neurosurgery, San Bo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Haidian District, Beijing, China.,The Department of Pathology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hailong Liu
- The Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital (301 Hospital)
| | - Lingyan Sun
- The Department of Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Shanghai Ackermann Medical Laboratory, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueling Qi
- Departments of Pathology and Neurosurgery, San Bo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Haidian District, Beijing, China
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Huang C, Gan D, Huang B, Luo J, Zhou X, Wang W, Wang Y. Chordoid glioma in the thalamus of a child: Rare location and atypical imaging findings. BJR Case Rep 2021; 7:20200108. [PMID: 34131491 PMCID: PMC8171145 DOI: 10.1259/bjrcr.20200108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chordoid glioma is a rare intracranial tumour, which usually occurs in middle-aged female patients, mainly in the third ventricle, hypothalamus and suprasellar region. It can reportedly occur in the temporal–parietal lobe, occipital horn of the lateral ventricle and left thalamus. Here, we report a case of chordoid glioma in the thalamic region of a female child, which is different from the previously reported chordoid glioma in the left thalamus. Given its atypical location and imaging findings, it is often misdiagnosed as low-grade glioma before operation. Through the study of this case, we recognized the atypical imaging manifestations of chordoid glioma in a rare location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Huang
- Department of Radiology, No. 926 Hospital, Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Kaiyuan, Yunnan, China
| | - Dengwei Gan
- Department of Radiology, No. 926 Hospital, Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Kaiyuan, Yunnan, China
| | - Botao Huang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Dongguan Houjie Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junde Luo
- Department of Radiology, No. 926 Hospital, Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Kaiyuan, Yunnan, China
| | - Xingshun Zhou
- Department of Radiology, No. 926 Hospital, Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Kaiyuan, Yunnan, China
| | - Wensheng Wang
- Department of Imaging Center, Guangdong 999 Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, Guang Dong, China
| | - Yujun Wang
- Department of Radiology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Chordoid glioma of the third ventricle: A systematic review and single-center experience. INTERDISCIPLINARY NEUROSURGERY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inat.2019.100515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Dardis C, Yeo J, Milton K, Ashby LS, Smith KA, Mehta S, Youssef E, Eschbacher J, Tucker K, Dawes L, Lambie N, Algar E, Hovey E. Atypical Teratoid Rhabdoid Tumor: Two Case Reports and an Analysis of Adult Cases with Implications for Pathophysiology and Treatment. Front Neurol 2017; 8:247. [PMID: 28676785 PMCID: PMC5476998 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2017.00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We present the first quantitative analysis of atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors (ATRT) in adults, including two patients from our own institutions. These are of interest as one occurred during pregnancy and one is a long-term survivor. Our review of pathological findings of 50 reported cases of adult ATRT leads us to propose a solely ectodermal origin for the tumor and that epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a defining feature. Thus, the term ATRT may be misleading. Our review of clinical findings shows that ATRT tends to originate in mid-line structures adjacent to the CSF, leading to a high rate of leptomeningeal dissemination. Thus, we hypothesize that residual undifferentiated ectoderm in the circumventricular organs, particularly the pituitary and pineal glands, is the most common origin for these tumors. We note that if growth is not arrested soon after diagnosis, or after the first relapse/progression, death is almost universal. While typically rapidly fatal (as in our first case), long-term remission is possible (as in our second). Significant predictors of prognosis were the extent of resection and the use of chemotherapy. Glial differentiation (GFAP staining) was strongly associated with leptomeningeal metastases (chi-squared p = 0.02) and both predicted markedly worse outcomes. Clinical trials including adults are rare. ATRT is primarily a disease of infancy and radiotherapy is generally avoided in those aged less than 3 years old. Treatment options in adults differ from infants in that cranio-spinal irradiation is a viable adjunct to systemic chemotherapy in the adult population. Given the grave prognosis, this combined approach appears reasonable. As effective chemotherapy is likely to cause myelosuppression, we recommend that stem-cell rescue be available locally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Dardis
- Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, Unites States
| | - Jared Yeo
- University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kelly Milton
- Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, Unites States
| | - Lynn S Ashby
- Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, Unites States
| | - Kris A Smith
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Shwetal Mehta
- Laboratory of Glial Tumor Biology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Emad Youssef
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Jenny Eschbacher
- Department of Pathology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Kathy Tucker
- Hereditary Cancer Clinic, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Laughlin Dawes
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Neil Lambie
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Algar
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Hovey
- University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Medical Oncology, Nelune Comprehensive Cancer Center, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
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Qixing F, Peiyi G, Kai W, Xuzhu C, Xiangde M, Jianping D. The radiological findings of chordoid glioma: report of two cases, one case with MR spectroscopy. Clin Imaging 2015; 39:1086-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2015.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Ampie L, Choy W, Lamano JB, Kesavabhotla K, Mao Q, Parsa AT, Bloch O. Prognostic factors for recurrence and complications in the surgical management of primary chordoid gliomas: A systematic review of literature. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2015; 138:129-36. [PMID: 26342205 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2015.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chordoid gliomas (CG) are rare neoplasms which frequently arise within the third ventricle. Surgery remains the mainstay treatment for CG. The present study comprehensively reviews all reported cases of CG within the literature in order to identify risk factors for surgical complications and tumor recurrence. METHODS A comprehensive search on MEDLINE (OVID and PubMed), Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science was conducted following PRISMA guidelines to identify all reported cases of CG. RESULTS A total of 81 patients met the study criteria which comprised of 33 males and 48 females. Median age at diagnosis was 48 years with a range from 5 to 72 years, and mean tumor size was 3.1cm. Biopsy, subtotal resection (STR), and gross total resection (GTR) were achieved in 8, 34, and 33 patients, respectively, with six cases not reporting extent of resection (EOR). Thirteen patients underwent adjuvant radiotherapy. Postoperative complications were noted in 30 cases (37%), with new onset diabetes insipidus being the most common. Postoperative morbidity was not associated with age, tumor size, or extent of resection. A trans-lamina terminalis approach demonstrated a strong trend towards decreased overall rates of postoperative morbidity compared to other approaches (p=0.051). GTR was associated with improved progression-free survival (PFS; p=0.028), while adjuvant radiotherapy, age, tumor size and proliferative index were not predictive of patient outcomes. CONCLUSION GTR should be the primary goal for the management of CG, as it is associated with improved rates of tumor control without an increased rate of postoperative complications. Surgical approach was a stronger predictor of complication rates than extent of resection. Morbidity remains high, and future studies to further elaborate on factors predictive of postoperative complications are critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonel Ampie
- Department of Neurological Surgery Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Winward Choy
- Department of Neurological Surgery Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jonathan B Lamano
- Department of Neurological Surgery Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kartik Kesavabhotla
- Department of Neurological Surgery Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Qinwen Mao
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Andrew T Parsa
- Department of Neurological Surgery Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Orin Bloch
- Department of Neurological Surgery Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Chordoid Gliomas of the Third Ventricle Share TTF-1 Expression With Organum Vasculosum of the Lamina Terminalis. Am J Surg Pathol 2015; 39:948-56. [DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000000421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Bongetta D, Risso A, Morbini P, Butti G, Gaetani P. Chordoid glioma: a rare radiologically, histologically, and clinically mystifying lesion. World J Surg Oncol 2015; 13:188. [PMID: 26018908 PMCID: PMC4453048 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-015-0603-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Chordoid glioma (CG) is a rare central nervous system neoplasm (WHO grade II) of uncertain origin whose typical localization is in the anterior part of the third ventricle. Its clinical, radiological, and histological features may vary and furthermore mimic other kind of benign lesions usually associated with a better outcome. We report a case of a 43-year-old female who underwent gross total removal of a lesion of the third ventricle causing hydrocephalus. The imaging studies and the intraoperative examination led at first to a hypothesis of meningioma. Early surgical and neurological outcomes were good. The patient underwent multiple complications related to hypothalamic dysfunctions and thrombohemorragic issues and eventually died because of systemic infections. Definitive examination was of chordoid glioma of the third ventricle. Reviewing literature, we evaluated possible pitfalls in radiological and histological diagnosis as well as in surgical and medical treatment of CGs. Despite their benign presentation, a high incidence of multiple possible severe complications is reported. Early alertness and combined treatment strategies could improve overall CGs treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Bongetta
- Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Piazzale Golgi 19, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Andrea Risso
- Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Piazzale Golgi 19, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Morbini
- Unit of Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia and Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Piazzale Golgi 19, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Giorgio Butti
- Neurosurgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Piazzale Golgi 19, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Paolo Gaetani
- Neurosurgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Piazzale Golgi 19, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
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Khan I, Bangash M, Baeesa S, Jamal A, Carracedo A, Alghamdi F, Qashqari H, Abuzenadah A, AlQahtani M, Damanhouri G, Chaudhary A, Hussein D. Epidemiological trends of histopathologically WHO classified CNS tumors in developing countries: systematic review. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 16:205-16. [PMID: 25640353 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.1.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many developing countries are lagging behind in reporting epidemiological data for individual central nervous system (CNS) tumors. This paper aimed to elicit patterns for the epidemiology of individual World Health Organization (WHO) classified CNS tumors in countries registered by WHO as "developing". MATERIALS AND METHODS Cyber search was carried out through 66 cancer networks/registries and 181 PubMed published papers that reported counts of CNS tumors for the period of 2009-2012. The relationship between the natural log of incidence Age Standardized Rate (ASR) reported by Globocan and Latitude/ Longitude was investigated. RESULTS Registries for 21 countries displayed information related to CNS tumors. In contrast tends for classified CNS tumor cases were identified for 38 countries via 181 PubMed publications. Extracted data showed a majority of unclassified reported cases [PubMed (38 countries, 45.7%), registries (21 countries, 96.1%)]. For classified tumors, astrocytic tumors were the most frequently reported type [PubMed (38 countries, 1,245 cases, 15.7%), registries (21 countries, 627 cases, 1.99%]. A significant linear regression relationship emerged between latitudes and reported cases of CNS tumors. CONCLUSIONS Previously unreported trends of frequencies for individually classified CNS tumors were elucidated and a possible link of CNS tumors occurrence with geographical location emerged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishaq Khan
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia E-mail :
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Tanboon J, Aurboonyawat T, Chawalparit O. A 29-year-old man with progressive short term memory loss. Brain Pathol 2014; 24:103-6. [PMID: 24345225 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jantima Tanboon
- Department of Pathology, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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