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Yun H, Jeong H, Kim DY, You J, Lee J, Kang D, Koh D, Ryu YS, Bae S, Jin D. Degradation of AZGP1 suppresses apoptosis and facilitates cholangiocarcinoma tumorigenesis via TRIM25. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18104. [PMID: 38183356 PMCID: PMC10844717 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Alpha-2-Glycoprotein 1, Zinc-binding (AZGP1, ZAG) is a secreted protein that is synthesized by adipocytes and epithelial cells; it is downregulated in several malignancies such as breast, prostate, liver and lung cancers. However, its function remains unclear in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Here, we evaluated the impact AZGP1 in CCA using Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and GEPIA. In addition, we analysed AZGP1 expression using quantitative reverse transcription PCR and western blotting. Expression of AZGP1 was nearly deficient in CCA patients and cell lines and was associated with poor prognosis. AZGP1 overexpression upregulated apoptosis markers. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments showed that AZGP1 interacts with tripartite motif-containing protein 25 (TRIM25), and tissue microarray and bioinformatic analysis showed that AZGP1 is negatively correlated with TRIM25 expression in CCA. Thereafter, TRIM25 knockdown led to AZGP1 upregulation and induced cancer cell apoptosis. TRIM25 targets AZGP1 for degradation by catalysing its ubiquitination. AZGP1 overexpression significantly suppressed tumour growth in a xenograft mouse model. This study findings suggest that AZGP1 is a potential therapeutic target or a diagnostic biomarker for treating patients with CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeseon Yun
- Asan Institute for Life ScienceAsan Medical CenterSeoulKorea
- Department of Pharmacology, AMIST, Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Hong‐Rae Jeong
- Asan Institute for Life ScienceAsan Medical CenterSeoulKorea
| | - Do Yeon Kim
- Asan Institute for Life ScienceAsan Medical CenterSeoulKorea
- Department of Pharmacology, AMIST, Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Ji‐Eun You
- Asan Institute for Life ScienceAsan Medical CenterSeoulKorea
- Department of Pharmacology, AMIST, Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Ji‐U Lee
- Asan Institute for Life ScienceAsan Medical CenterSeoulKorea
- Department of Pharmacology, AMIST, Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Dong‐Hee Kang
- Asan Institute for Life ScienceAsan Medical CenterSeoulKorea
- Department of Pharmacology, AMIST, Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | - Dong‐In Koh
- Asan Institute for Life ScienceAsan Medical CenterSeoulKorea
| | - Yea Seong Ryu
- Asan Institute for Life ScienceAsan Medical CenterSeoulKorea
| | - SeungGeon Bae
- Asan Institute for Life ScienceAsan Medical CenterSeoulKorea
| | - Dong‐Hoon Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, AMIST, Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulKorea
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life ScienceAsan Medical CenterSeoulKorea
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Tian B, Han X, Li G, Jiang H, Qi J, Li J, Tian Y, Wang C. A Long Intergenic Non-coding RNA, LINC01426, Promotes Cancer Progression via AZGP1 and Predicts Poor Prognosis in Patients with LUAD. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2020; 18:765-780. [PMID: 32953928 PMCID: PMC7476811 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Various long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are closely associated with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), playing oncogenic or anti-oncogenic roles in tumorigenesis and progression. Herein, we report a novel lncRNA-long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1426 (LINC01426)-that has not yet been characterized in LUAD. We note that LINC01426 expression was markedly upregulated in LUAD tissues, and that functional assays verified that LINC01426 knockdown markedly inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro. Xenografts derived from A549 cells knocked down of LINC01426 had evidently lower tumor weights and smaller tumor volumes. Our study also found that LINC01426 bound to hsa-miR-30b-3p as a competitive endogenous RNA in LUAD. Moreover, LINC01426 affected LUAD wound healing by interacting and combining with AZGP1, and LINC01426 expression was significantly associated with tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging and prognosis in patients with LUAD. To summarize, our study elucidates the oncogenic roles of LINC01426 in LUAD tumorigenesis and progression. We think that LINC01426 can serve as a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target in patients with LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baorui Tian
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Xiaoyang Han
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Guanzhen Li
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Hua Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Jianni Qi
- Department of Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Jiamei Li
- Department of Pathology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Yingying Tian
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Chuanxi Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
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Wu J, Qin W, Wang Y, Sadik A, Liu J, Wang Y, Song P, Wang X, Sun K, Zeng J, Wang L. SPDEF is overexpressed in gastric cancer and triggers cell proliferation by forming a positive regulation loop with FoxM1. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:9042-9054. [PMID: 30076647 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The SAM-pointed domain-containing ETS transcription factor (SPDEF) is an epithelial-specific transcription factor of the E26 transformation-specific (ETS) family, which binds the target gene through the high-affinity sequence of GGAT. It is suggested that SPDEF targets the promoter activity of Forkhead Box M1 (FoxM1), which has been proven to be highly expressed in gastric cancer. We found that SPDEF was overexpressed both at the messenger RNA (mRNA) and at the protein level in human gastric cancer species. The gastric cancer cells transfected with the SPDEF expression plasmid or SPDEF small interfering RNA (siRNA) led to observations on the clone genetics assay that indicated the promotion or the inhibition of gastric cancer cell proliferation, respectively. Both mRNA and protein levels of FoxM1 were regulated by SPDEF in gastric cancer cells and FoxM1 was also overexpressed in the corresponding human gastric cancer species. The overexpression and inhibition of FoxM1 could upregulate and downregulate the mRNA and protein levels of SPDEF expression, respectively. The recovery experiments verified that the overexpression of FoxM1 could at least partially revert both the expression of SPDEF and the proliferation of the cell lines even with the siRNA inhibition of SPDEF. The result of the dual luciferase activity assay showed that SPDEF bound to the promoter of FoxM1 and activated it. FoxM1 might also bind to the promoter of SPDEF to affect its expression. The results were checked in vivo. In conclusion, SPDEF is overexpressed in gastric cancer, which can form a positive regulation loop with FoxM1 to promote gastric carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wen Qin
- Department of Medical Administration, Shandong University Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Arsil Sadik
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jilan Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ping Song
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoyun Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Kaiyue Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiping Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lixiang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Michael CW, Davidson B. Pre-analytical issues in effusion cytology. Pleura Peritoneum 2016; 1:45-56. [PMID: 30911607 DOI: 10.1515/pp-2016-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Effusions or body cavity fluids are amongst the most commonly submitted samples to the cytology laboratory. Knowledge of proper collection, storage, preservation and processing techniques is essential to ensure proper handling and successful analysis of the sample. This article describes how the effusions should be collected and proper conditions for submission. The different processing techniques to extract the cellular material and prepare slides satisfactory for microscopic evaluation are described such as direct smears, cytospins, liquid based preparations and cell blocks. The article further elaborates on handling the specimens for additional ancillary testing such as immunostaining and molecular tests, including predictive ones, as well as future research approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire W Michael
- Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Zinc-α-2-glycoprotein: a candidate biomarker for colon cancer diagnosis in Chinese population. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 16:691-703. [PMID: 25561225 PMCID: PMC4307269 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16010691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc-α-2-glycoprotein (AZGP1) is a 41-kDa secreted glycoprotein, which has been detected in several malignancies. The diagnostic value of AZGP1 in serum of prostate and breast cancer patients has been reported. Analyzing “The Cancer Genome Atlas” data, we found that in colon cancer AZGP1 gene expression was upregulated at transcriptional level. We hypothesized that AZGP1 could be used as a diagnostic marker of colon cancer. First, we confirmed AZGP1 expression was higher in a set of 28 tumor tissues than in normal colonic mucosa tissues by real-time quantitative PCR and western blot in a Chinese population. We verified that serum concentration of AZGP1 was higher in 120 colon cancer patients compared with 40 healthy controls by ELISA (p < 0.001). Then receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the predictive diagnostic value of AZGP1 in serum. The area under the curve (AUC) of AZGP1 was 0.742 (p < 0.001, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.656–0.827) in between the AUC of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and the AUC of CA19-9, suggesting that predictive diagnostic value of AZGP1 is between CEA and Carbohydrate 19-9 (CA19-9). The combination of AZGP1 with traditional serum biomarkers, CEA and CA19-9, could result in better diagnostic results. To further validate the diagnostic value of AZGP1, a tissue microarray containing 190 samples of primary colon cancer tissue paired with normal colonic tissue was analysed and the result showed that AZGP1 was significantly upregulated in 68.4% (130 of 190) of the primary cancer lesions. In contrast, there was a weakly positive staining in 29.5% (56 of 190) of the normal colonic tissue samples (p < 0.001). Leave-one-out cross-validation was performed on the serum data, and showed that the diagnostic value of AZGP1 had 63.3% sensitivity and 65.0% specificity. Combination of AZGP1, CEA and CA19-9 had improved diagnosis value accuracy with 74.2% sensitivity and 72.5% specificity. These results suggest that AZGP1 is a useful diagnostic biomarker in tissues and serum from a Chinese population.
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Stavnes HT, Nymoen DA, Hetland Falkenthal TE, Kærn J, Tropé CG, Davidson B. APOA1 mRNA expression in ovarian serous carcinoma effusions is a marker of longer survival. Am J Clin Pathol 2014; 142:51-7. [PMID: 24926085 DOI: 10.1309/ajcpd8nbshxrxql7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We previously described the overexpression of APOA1 and GPX3 in ovarian/peritoneal serous carcinoma compared with breast carcinoma effusions using gene expression array analysis. The objective of the present study was to validate this finding and to analyze the association between these genes and clinicopathologic parameters, including survival, in advanced-stage ovarian serous carcinoma. METHODS APOA1 and GPX3 mRNA expression using quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was analyzed in 121 effusions (101 ovarian, 20 breast carcinomas) and 85 solid ovarian carcinoma specimens (43 primary carcinomas, 42 metastases). RESULTS APOA1 and GPX3 transcript levels were significantly higher in ovarian carcinoma at all anatomic sites compared with breast carcinoma effusions (P < .001). GPX3 mRNA levels were significantly higher in primary carcinomas and solid metastases from patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy compared with chemo-naïve tumors (P = .016). APOA1 and GPX3 mRNA levels in the entire effusion series were unrelated to clinicopathologic parameters. However, higher APOA1 mRNA levels in primary diagnosis pre-chemotherapy effusions were significantly related to better overall survival (P = .045), a finding that retained its significance in Cox multivariate analysis (P = .016). CONCLUSIONS APOA1 and GPX3 mRNA levels on qRT-PCR effectively differentiate ovarian from breast carcinoma. APOA1 may be a novel prognostic marker in metastatic serous carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dag André Nymoen
- Departments of Pathology, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Janne Kærn
- Gynecologic Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Claes G. Tropé
- Gynecologic Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- University of Oslo, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ben Davidson
- Departments of Pathology, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- University of Oslo, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Oslo, Norway
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Vilming Elgaaen B, Olstad OK, Haug KBF, Brusletto B, Sandvik L, Staff AC, Gautvik KM, Davidson B. Global miRNA expression analysis of serous and clear cell ovarian carcinomas identifies differentially expressed miRNAs including miR-200c-3p as a prognostic marker. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:80. [PMID: 24512620 PMCID: PMC3928323 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Improved insight into the molecular characteristics of the different ovarian cancer subgroups is needed for developing a more individualized and optimized treatment regimen. The aim of this study was to a) identify differentially expressed miRNAs in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC), clear cell ovarian carcinoma (CCC) and ovarian surface epithelium (OSE), b) evaluate selected miRNAs for association with clinical parameters including survival and c) map miRNA-mRNA interactions. METHODS Differences in miRNA expression between HGSC, CCC and OSE were analyzed by global miRNA expression profiling (Affymetrix GeneChip miRNA 2.0 Arrays, n = 12, 9 and 9, respectively), validated by RT-qPCR (n = 35, 19 and 9, respectively), and evaluated for associations with clinical parameters. For HGSC, differentially expressed miRNAs were linked to differentially expressed mRNAs identified previously. RESULTS Differentially expressed miRNAs (n = 78) between HGSC, CCC and OSE were identified (FDR < 0.01%), of which 18 were validated (p < 0.01) using RT-qPCR in an extended cohort. Compared with OSE, miR-205-5p was the most overexpressed miRNA in HGSC. miR-200 family members and miR-182-5p were the most overexpressed in HGSC and CCC compared with OSE, whereas miR-383 was the most underexpressed. miR-205-5p and miR-200 members target epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) regulators, apparently being important in tumor progression. miR-509-3-5p, miR-509-5p, miR-509-3p and miR-510 were among the strongest differentiators between HGSC and CCC, all being significantly overexpressed in CCC compared with HGSC. High miR-200c-3p expression was associated with poor progression-free (p = 0.031) and overall (p = 0.026) survival in HGSC patients. Interacting miRNA and mRNA targets, including those of a TP53-related pathway presented previously, were identified in HGSC. CONCLUSIONS Several miRNAs differentially expressed between HGSC, CCC and OSE have been identified, suggesting a carcinogenetic role for these miRNAs. miR-200 family members, targeting EMT drivers, were mostly overexpressed in both subgroups, among which miR-200c-3p was associated with survival in HGSC patients. A set of miRNAs differentiates CCC from HGSC, of which miR-509-3-5p and miR-509-5p are the strongest classifiers. Several interactions between miRNAs and mRNAs in HGSC were mapped.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bente Vilming Elgaaen
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Oslo University Hospital (OUH), The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Postbox 4953 Nydalen 0424, Oslo, Norway.
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Herrera VL, Ponce LR, Ruiz-Opazo N. Multiple susceptibility loci for radiation-induced mammary tumorigenesis in F2[Dahl S x R]-intercross rats. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72143. [PMID: 23967281 PMCID: PMC3743793 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/06/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although two major breast cancer susceptibility genes, BRCA1 and BRCA2, have been identified accounting for 20% of breast cancer genetic risk, identification of other susceptibility genes accounting for 80% risk remains a challenge due to the complex, multi-factorial nature of breast cancer. Complexity derives from multiple genetic determinants, permutations of gene-environment interactions, along with presumptive low-penetrance of breast cancer predisposing genes, and genetic heterogeneity of human populations. As with other complex diseases, dissection of genetic determinants in animal models provides key insight since genetic heterogeneity and environmental factors can be experimentally controlled, thus facilitating the detection of quantitative trait loci (QTL). We therefore, performed the first genome-wide scan for loci contributing to radiation-induced mammary tumorigenesis in female F2-(Dahl S x R)-intercross rats. Tumorigenesis was measured as tumor burden index (TBI) after induction of rat mammary tumors at forty days of age via 127Cs-radiation. We observed a spectrum of tumor latency, size-progression, and pathology from poorly differentiated ductal adenocarcinoma to fibroadenoma, indicating major effects of gene-environment interactions. We identified two mammary tumorigenesis susceptibility quantitative trait loci (Mts-QTLs) with significant linkage: Mts-1 on chromosome-9 (LOD-2.98) and Mts-2 on chromosome-1 (LOD-2.61), as well as two Mts-QTLs with suggestive linkage: Mts-3 on chromosome-5 (LOD-1.93) and Mts-4 on chromosome-18 (LOD-1.54). Interestingly, Chr9-Mts-1, Chr5-Mts-3 and Chr18-Mts-4 QTLs are unique to irradiation-induced mammary tumorigenesis, while Chr1-Mts-2 QTL overlaps with a mammary cancer susceptibility QTL (Mcs 3) reported for 7,12-dimethylbenz-[α]antracene (DMBA)-induced mammary tumorigenesis in F2[COP x Wistar-Furth]-intercross rats. Altogether, our results suggest at least three distinct susceptibility QTLs for irradiation-induced mammary tumorigenesis not detected in genetic studies of chemically-induced and hormone-induced mammary tumorigenesis. While more study is needed to identify the specific Mts-gene variants, elucidation of specific variant(s) could establish causal gene pathways involved in mammary tumorigenesis in humans, and hence novel pathways for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria L Herrera
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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