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Chen D, Zhao H, Guo Z, Dong Z, Yu Y, Zheng J, Ma Y, Sun H, Zhang Q, Zhang J, He Y, Song T. Identification of m6A-related lncRNAs LINC02471 and DOCK9-DT as potential biomarkers for thyroid cancer. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:112050. [PMID: 38636370 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (THCA) is the most common endocrine malignancy worldwide and has been rising at the fastest rate in recent years. Long-stranded non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and N6-methyladenosine (m6A) have been associated with immunotherapy efficacy and cancer prognosis. However, how m6A-associated lncRNAs (mrlncRNAs) affect the prognosis of patients with thyroid cancer is unclear. Therefore, this study utilized The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database to provide thyroid cancer-related transcriptomic data and related clinical data. The R program was used to identify m6A-related lncRNAs, and a risk model consisting of two lncRNAs (LINC02471 and DOCK9-DT) was obtained using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analysis. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and transient subject operating characteristics (ROC) were used for analysis. The results showed a substantial association between immune cell infiltration and risk scores. Independent analyses confirmed that the expression of LINC02471 and DOCK9-DT was significantly higher in thyroid cancer tissues than in normal tissues, suggesting that they may be useful biomarkers for thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengwang Chen
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Hongyuan Zhao
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zhanwen Guo
- School of Medical Information Engineering, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zixuan Dong
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yuanning Yu
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.
| | - Jishan Zheng
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yunyan Ma
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Hongqin Sun
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jidong Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China; Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yuqi He
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Tao Song
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China; Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.
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Chen H, Peng F, Xu J, Wang G, Zhao Y. Increased expression of GPX4 promotes the tumorigenesis of thyroid cancer by inhibiting ferroptosis and predicts poor clinical outcomes. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:230-245. [PMID: 36626251 PMCID: PMC9876627 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ferroptosis plays a critical role in suppressing cancer progression, and its essential regulator is glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). High GPX4 expression can inhibit accumulation of iron, thus suppressing ferroptosis. However, its function in thyroid cancer has not been fully illuminated. Here, we explore the effect of GPX4 on thyroid cancer tumorigenesis and prognosis. METHODS Based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases, GPX4 expression was investigated in cancer tissues and adjacent tissues. We determined the biological functions of GPX4-associated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by using the "clusterProfiler" R package. In addition, the predictive value of GPX4 in thyroid cancer was assessed by using Cox regression analysis and nomograms. Finally, we conducted several in vitro experiments to determine the influence of GPX4 expression on proliferation and ferroptosis in thyroid cancer cells. RESULTS GPX4 expression was obviously elevated in thyroid cancer tissues compared with normal tissues. Biological function analysis indicated enrichment in muscle contraction, contractile fiber, metal ion transmembrane transporter activity, and complement and coagulation cascades. GPX4 overexpression was associated with stage T3-T4 and pathologic stage III-IV in thyroid cancer patients. Cox regression analysis indicated that GPX4 may be a risk factor for the overall survival of thyroid cancer patients. In vitro research showed that knockdown of GPX4 suppressed proliferation and induced ferroptosis in thyroid cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS GPX4 overexpression in thyroid cancer might play an essential role in tumorigenesis and may have prognostic value for thyroid cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanjie Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fang Peng
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingchao Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangzhi Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongfu Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
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Liu Y, Wang Y, Zhang W. Scoring system and a simple nomogram for predicting radioiodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer: a retrospective study. EJNMMI Res 2022; 12:45. [PMID: 35904608 PMCID: PMC9338217 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-022-00917-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) originates from abnormal follicular cells and accounts for approximately 90–95% of thyroid malignancies. The diagnosis of radioiodine refractory DTC (RR-DTC) is based on clinical evolution and iodine uptake characteristics rather than pathological characteristics. Thus, it takes a long time to become apparent, and the definition of RR-DTC covers multiple aspects. We aimed to analyze the clinical and molecular imaging characteristics of patients with RR-DTC and identify independent predictors to develop an RR-DTC scoring system and a simple nomogram for predicting the probability of RR-DTC. We reviewed the data of 404 patients with metastatic DTC who underwent both post-RAI WB therapy scintigraphy and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography. Data on the clinical features and molecular characteristics of RR-DTC and non-RR-DTC cases were obtained from medical records. We screened for predictors using univariate analyses, obtained independent predictors through multivariate analyses, and then established a scoring system and a simple nomogram for predicting RR-DTC according to the corresponding odds ratio (OR) values. Results Diagnosis at age ≥ 48 years (OR, 1.037; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.007–1.069), recurrence between the operation and iodine-131 treatment (OR, 7.362; 95% CI 2.388–22.698), uptake of 18F-FDG (OR, 39.534; 95% CI 18.590–84.076), and the metastasis site (OR, 4.365; 95% CI 1.593–11.965) were highly independently associated with RR-DTC. We established a scoring system for predicting RR-DTC, showing that the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) with a cutoff value of 10 points (AUC = 0.898) had a higher discernibility than any other single independent predictor. The risk factors of RR-DTC in nomogram modeling include diagnosis at age ≥ 48 years, recurrence between the operation and iodine-131 treatment, uptake of 18F-FDG, and the site of metastasis. The concordance index (c-Index) of the nomogram was 0.9. Conclusions We demonstrated that a predictive model based on four factors has a good ability to predict RR-DTC. An index score ≥ 10 points was found to be the optimal index point for predicting RR-DTC. Moreover, this nomogram model has good predictive ability and stability. This model may help establish an active surveillance or appropriate treatment strategy for RR-DTC cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, China.,Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yuhua Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, China.,Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Wanchun Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, China. .,Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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O'Neill E, Cornelissen B. Know thy tumour: Biomarkers to improve treatment of molecular radionuclide therapy. Nucl Med Biol 2022; 108-109:44-53. [PMID: 35276447 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Molecular radionuclide therapy (MRT) is an effective treatment for both localised and disseminated tumours. Biomarkers can be used to identify potential subtypes of tumours that are known to respond better to standard MRT protocols. These enrolment-based biomarkers can further be used to develop dose-response relationships using image-based dosimetry within these defined subtypes. However, the biological identity of the cancers treated with MRT are commonly not well-defined, particularly for neuroendocrine neoplasms. The biological heterogeneity of such cancers has hindered the establishment of dose-responses and minimum tumour dose thresholds. Biomarkers could also be used to determine normal tissue MRT dose limits and permit greater injected doses of MRT in patients. An alternative approach is to understand the repair capacity limits of tumours using radiobiology-based biomarkers within and outside patient cohorts currently treated with MRT. It is hoped that by knowing more about tumours and how they respond to MRT, biomarkers can provide needed dimensionality to image-based biodosimetry to improve MRT with optimized protocols and personalised therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward O'Neill
- MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Bart Cornelissen
- MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Arora C, Kaur D, Naorem LD, Raghava GPS. Prognostic biomarkers for predicting papillary thyroid carcinoma patients at high risk using nine genes of apoptotic pathway. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259534. [PMID: 34767591 PMCID: PMC8589158 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expressions of apoptotic genes have been associated with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in the past, however, their prognostic role and utility as biomarkers remains poorly understood. In this study, we analysed 505 PTC patients by employing Cox-PH regression techniques, prognostic index models and machine learning methods to elucidate the relationship between overall survival (OS) of PTC patients and 165 apoptosis related genes. It was observed that nine genes (ANXA1, TGFBR3, CLU, PSEN1, TNFRSF12A, GPX4, TIMP3, LEF1, BNIP3L) showed significant association with OS of PTC patients. Five out of nine genes were found to be positively correlated with OS of the patients, while the remaining four genes were negatively correlated. These genes were used for developing risk prediction models, which can be utilized to classify patients with a higher risk of death from the patients which have a good prognosis. Our voting-based model achieved highest performance (HR = 41.59, p = 3.36x10-4, C = 0.84, logrank-p = 3.8x10-8). The performance of voting-based model improved significantly when we used the age of patients with prognostic biomarker genes and achieved HR = 57.04 with p = 10−4 (C = 0.88, logrank-p = 1.44x10-9). We also developed classification models that can classify high risk patients (survival ≤ 6 years) and low risk patients (survival > 6 years). Our best model achieved AUROC of 0.92. Further, the expression pattern of the prognostic genes was verified at mRNA level, which showed their differential expression between normal and PTC samples. Also, the immunostaining results from HPA validated these findings. Since these genes can also be used as potential therapeutic targets in PTC, we also identified potential drug molecules which could modulate their expression profile. The study briefly revealed the key prognostic biomarker genes in the apoptotic pathway whose altered expression is associated with PTC progression and aggressiveness. In addition to this, risk assessment models proposed here can help in efficient management of PTC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chakit Arora
- Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology-Delhi, Department of Computational Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Dilraj Kaur
- Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology-Delhi, Department of Computational Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Leimarembi Devi Naorem
- Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology-Delhi, Department of Computational Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Gajendra P. S. Raghava
- Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology-Delhi, Department of Computational Biology, New Delhi, India
- * E-mail:
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Papillary Thyroid Cancer Prognosis: An Evolving Field. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13215567. [PMID: 34771729 PMCID: PMC8582937 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Over the last couple of decades, the prognostic stratification systems of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients have been revised several times in an attempt to achieve a tailored clinical management reflecting the single patients’ needs. Such revisions are likely to continue in the near future, since the prognostic value of a number of promising clinicopathological features and new molecular biomarkers are being evaluated. Here, we will review the current staging systems of thyroid cancer patients and discuss the most relevant clinicopathological parameters and new molecular markers that are potentially capable of refining the prognosis. Abstract Over the last few years, a great advance has been made in the comprehension of the molecular pathogenesis underlying thyroid cancer progression, particularly for the papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), which represents the most common thyroid malignancy. Putative cancer driver mutations have been identified in more than 98% of PTC, and a new PTC classification into molecular subtypes has been proposed in order to resolve clinical uncertainties still present in the clinical management of patients. Additionally, the prognostic stratification systems have been profoundly modified over the last decade, with a view to refine patients’ staging and being able to choose a clinical approach tailored on single patient’s needs. Here, we will briefly discuss the recent changes in the clinical management of thyroid nodules, and review the current staging systems of thyroid cancer patients by analyzing promising clinicopathological features (i.e., gender, thyroid auto-immunity, multifocality, PTC histological variants, and vascular invasion) as well as new molecular markers (i.e., BRAF/TERT promoter mutations, miRNAs, and components of the plasminogen activating system) potentially capable of ameliorating the prognosis of PTC patients.
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7
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Chang K, Do SI, Kim K, Chae SW, Do IG, Lee HJ, Kim DH, Sohn JH. Proto-oncogene Pokemon in thyroid cancer: a potential promoter of tumorigenesis in papillary thyroid carcinoma. J Pathol Transl Med 2021; 55:317-323. [PMID: 34353008 PMCID: PMC8476314 DOI: 10.4132/jptm.2021.06.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pokemon is an oncogenic transcription regulator that plays a critical role in cellular differentiation. Although it has been found to be overexpressed in several types of cancer involving different organs, its role in thyroid gland has yet to be reported. The objective of this study was to evaluate the expression of Pokemon in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) based on clinicopathological parameters. Methods Tissue microarray samples derived from patients with PTC or benign thyroid disease were used to evaluate Pokemon expression based on immunohistochemical analysis. Correlations of its expression with various clinicopathological parameters were then analyzed. Results Pokemon expression was observed in 22.0% of thyroid follicular cells from the normal group, 44.0% from the group with benign thyroid diseases, and 92.1% from the group with PTC (p < .001). The intensity of Pokemon expression was markedly higher in the PTC group. Pokemon expression level and PTC tumor size showed an inverse correlation. T1a tumors showed strong expression levels of Pokemon. However, larger tumors showed weak expression (p = .006). Conclusions Pokemon expression is associated with tumorigenesis of PTC, with expression showing an inverse correlation with PTC tumor size. This might be related to the negative regulation of aerobic glycolysis by Pokemon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungseek Chang
- Department of Pathology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Im Do
- Department of Pathology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyungeun Kim
- Department of Pathology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seoung Wan Chae
- Department of Pathology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - In-Gu Do
- Department of Pathology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Joo Lee
- Department of Pathology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Kim
- Department of Pathology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Hee Sohn
- Department of Pathology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Lima AR, Correia M, Santos L, Tavares C, Rios E, Canberk S, Soares P, Sobrinho-Simões M, Melo M, Máximo V. S616-p-DRP1 associates with locally invasive behavior of follicular cell-derived thyroid carcinoma. Endocrine 2021; 73:85-97. [PMID: 33219495 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-020-02546-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1), a mitochondrial fission protein, and its active form phosphorylated at Serine 616 (S616-p-DRP1) have been increasingly associated with tumorigenesis and invasion in various tumor models, including oncocytic thyroid cancer (TC). In this study, the expression of DRP1 and S616-p-DRP1 and its relationship with patients' clinicopathological characteristics, tumor genetic profiles, and clinical outcomes were assessed in a large series of follicular cell-derived TC (FCDTC). METHODS Retrospective biomarker study characterizing the clinicopathological and immunochemistry DRP1 and S616-p-DRP1 expression of a series of 259 patients with FCDTC followed in two University Hospitals. RESULTS DRP1 expression was positive in 65.3% (169/259) of the cases, while the expression of the S616-p-DRP1 was positive in only 17.3% (17/98). DRP1-positive expression was significantly associated with differentiated tumors (67.7 vs. 48.0%; P = 0.049), non-encapsulated tumors (73.8 vs. 57.4%; P = 0.011) and thyroid capsule invasion (73.4 vs. 57.5%; P = 0.013). S616-p-DRP1-positive expression was significantly associated with tumor infiltrative margins (88.9 vs. 11.1%; P = 0.033), thyroid capsule invasion (29.8 vs. 3.1%; P = 0.043), lymph node metastases (23.3 vs. 8.1%; P = 0.012), and higher mean cumulative radioiodine dosage (317.4 ± 265.0 mCi vs. 202.5 ± 217.7 mCi; P = 0.038). S616-p-DRP1 expression was negatively associated with oncocytic phenotype (0.0 vs. 26.2%; P = 0.028). CONCLUSIONS S616-p-DRP1 is a better candidate than DRP1 to identify tumors with locally invasive behavior. Prospective studies should be pursued to assess S616-p-DRP1 role as a molecular marker of malignancy in TC and in patients' risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Lima
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.
- Cancer Signaling and Metabolism Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (Ipatimup), Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Marcelo Correia
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
- Cancer Signaling and Metabolism Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (Ipatimup), Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Liliana Santos
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- CIBB Consortium, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Catarina Tavares
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
- Cancer Signaling and Metabolism Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (Ipatimup), Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Elisabete Rios
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
- Cancer Signaling and Metabolism Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (Ipatimup), Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar São João, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sule Canberk
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
- Cancer Signaling and Metabolism Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (Ipatimup), Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
- Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Soares
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
- Cancer Signaling and Metabolism Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (Ipatimup), Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel Sobrinho-Simões
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
- Cancer Signaling and Metabolism Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (Ipatimup), Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar São João, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
| | - Miguel Melo
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
- Cancer Signaling and Metabolism Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (Ipatimup), Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Praceta Prof. Mota Pinto, 3000-075, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Coimbra (FMUC), Rua Larga, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Valdemar Máximo
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
- Cancer Signaling and Metabolism Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (Ipatimup), Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
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Cordes M, Götz TI, Lang EW, Coerper S, Kuwert T, Schmidkonz C. Advanced thyroid carcinomas: neural network analysis of ultrasonographic characteristics. Thyroid Res 2021; 14:16. [PMID: 34187534 PMCID: PMC8240264 DOI: 10.1186/s13044-021-00107-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultrasound is the first-line imaging modality for detection and classification of thyroid nodules. Certain characteristics observable by ultrasound have recently been identified that may indicate malignancy. This retrospective cohort study was conducted to test the hypothesis that advanced thyroid carcinomas show distinctive clinical and sonographic characteristics. Using a neural network model as proof of concept, nine clinical/sonographic features served as input. METHODS All 96 study enrollees had histologically confirmed thyroid carcinomas, categorized (n = 32, each) as follows: group 1, advanced carcinoma (ADV) marked by local invasion or distant metastasis; group 2, non-advanced papillary carcinoma (PTC); or group 3, non-advanced follicular carcinoma (FTC). Preoperative ultrasound profiles were obtained via standardized protocols. The neural network had nine input neurons and one hidden layer. RESULTS Mean age and the number of male patients in group 1 were significantly higher compared with groups 2 (p = 0.005) or 3 (p < 0.001). On ultrasound, tumors of larger volume and irregular shape were observed significantly more often in group 1 compared with groups 2 (p < 0.001) or 3 (p ≤ 0.01). Network accuracy in discriminating advanced vs. non-advanced tumors was 84.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 75.5-91), with positive and negative predictive values of 87.1% (95% CI: 70.2-96.4) and 92.3% (95% CI: 83.0-97.5), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our study has shown some evidence that advanced thyroid tumors demonstrate distinctive clinical and sonographic characteristics. Further prospective investigations with larger numbers of patients and multicenter design should be carried out to show whether a neural network incorporating these features may be an asset, helping to classify malignancies of the thyroid gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Cordes
- Radiologisch-Nuklearmedizinisches Zentrum, Martin-Richter-Str. 43, 90489, Nürnberg, Germany. .,Nuklearmedizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Theresa Ida Götz
- CIML Group, Biophysics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Stephan Coerper
- Klinik für Allgemein- und Viszeralchirurgie, Krankenhaus Martha-Maria, Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Torsten Kuwert
- Nuklearmedizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
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10
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Soares P, Póvoa AA, Melo M, Vinagre J, Máximo V, Eloy C, Cameselle-Teijeiro JM, Sobrinho-Simões M. Molecular Pathology of Non-familial Follicular Epithelial-Derived Thyroid Cancer in Adults: From RAS/BRAF-like Tumor Designations to Molecular Risk Stratification. Endocr Pathol 2021; 32:44-62. [PMID: 33651322 DOI: 10.1007/s12022-021-09666-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This review addresses the impact of molecular alterations on the diagnosis and prognosis of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC), including papillary, follicular, and well-differentiated carcinoma NOS, as well as oncocytic neoplasms. The molecular characterization of DTC is based upon the well-established dichotomy of BRAF-like and RAS-like designations, together with a remaining third group, less homogeneous, composed of non-BRAF-/non-RAS-like tumors. The role of BRAF V600E mutation in risk stratification is discussed in the clinico-pathological context, namely, staging and invasive features of classic papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and histopathological variants carrying an excellent prognosis (microPTC) or a guarded prognosis, including the aggressive variants tall cell and hobnail cell PTCs. In follicular patterned tumors, namely, follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC), with or without oncocytic features, the most prevalent molecular alteration are RAS mutations that do not carry prognostic significance. The only genetic alteration that has been proven to play a role in risk stratification of PTC and FTC is TERT promoter (TERTp) mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Soares
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação E Inovação Em Saúde, Universidade Do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.
- IPATIMUP - Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, 4250-475, Porto, Portugal.
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Do Porto, 4200-139, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Antónia Afonso Póvoa
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação E Inovação Em Saúde, Universidade Do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP - Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, 4250-475, Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Do Porto, 4200-139, Porto, Portugal
- Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho (CHVNG/E), 4400-129, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Miguel Melo
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação E Inovação Em Saúde, Universidade Do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP - Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, 4250-475, Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Do Porto, 4200-139, Porto, Portugal
- Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Coimbra, 3004-561, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Vinagre
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação E Inovação Em Saúde, Universidade Do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP - Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, 4250-475, Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Do Porto, 4200-139, Porto, Portugal
| | - Valdemar Máximo
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação E Inovação Em Saúde, Universidade Do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP - Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, 4250-475, Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Do Porto, 4200-139, Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina Eloy
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação E Inovação Em Saúde, Universidade Do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP - Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, 4250-475, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Manuel Cameselle-Teijeiro
- Department of Pathology, Clinical University Hospital, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Galician Healthcare Service (SERGAS), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Manuel Sobrinho-Simões
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação E Inovação Em Saúde, Universidade Do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP - Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, 4250-475, Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Do Porto, 4200-139, Porto, Portugal
- Centro Hospitalar E Universitário São João, 4200-139, Porto, Portugal
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11
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CCNA1 gene as a potential diagnostic marker in papillary thyroid cancer. Acta Histochem 2020; 122:151635. [PMID: 33007517 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2020.151635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The malignancy that most affects the endocrine system is thyroid neoplasm, with an increasing incidence over the years. The most prevalent histological type of the carcinomas that affect the thyroid gland is papillary carcinoma with a prevalence of 80 % worldwide. The current diagnostic methodology may present inconclusive results, emphasizing the need for new effective and sensitive techniques to aid the diagnosis. For this, it is necessary to understand molecular and protein mechanisms in the identification of diagnostic and predictive markers in the lesions. The Cyclin A1 protein, encoded by the CCNA1 gene, is an important cell cycle regulator, belonging to the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway directly involved with thyroid cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the CCNA1 gene and Cyclin A1 protein expression in papillary thyroid carcinoma, follicular thyroid carcinoma, and benign thyroid lesions, by real time quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry analysis, respectively, to verify their roles as potential diagnostic and predictive markers to future applications in the clinical routine. Overexpression of CCNA1 gene was observed in the papillary carcinoma group compared to the normal group (P = 0.0023), benign lesions (P = 0.0011), colloid goiter (P = 0.0124), and follicular carcinoma (P = 0.0063). No differential expression was observed in the papillary primary tumor group from negative lymph nodes compared with the one from positive lymph nodes (P = 0.3818). Although an increased expression of Cyclin A1 was observed in the PTC group compared to the other one in the IHC analysis, no significant difference was observed (Fisher's exact Test). A Cyclin A1 overexpression was detected with weak to mid-moderate immunoreactivity in the benign group (k = 0.56), (score 1.5); mid-moderate to moderate in the goiter group (k = 0.58); weak in the FTC group (k = 0.33); and mid-moderate to moderate in the PTC group (k = 0.48). Due to the small sample size in the IHC analysis and to the fact that not all RNA is translated into protein, the diagnostic potential of Cyclin A1 could not be assessed. However, these findings highlight the potential of the CCNA1 gene as a diagnostic marker for papillary thyroid carcinoma.
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12
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Cui W, Xue J. Circular RNA DOCK1 downregulates microRNA-124 to induce the growth of human thyroid cancer cell lines. Biofactors 2020; 46:591-599. [PMID: 32584497 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both circular RNA DOCK1 (circDOCK1) and microRNA-124 (miR-124) are implicated in carcinogenesis, but functional association between these two molecules remains uncharacterized. Here, we aimed to ascertain the role of circDOCK1-miR-124 node in thyroid cancer cells. METHODS circDOCK1 in thyroid cancer specimens from 25 patients was quantified by qRT-PCR. FTC-133 and TPC-1 cells were enforced to overproduce circDOCK1 and miR-124 which were confirmed by qRT-PCR. The alteration in viability, migration and invasion was monitored. Cellular lysis was subjected to Western blot for detecting cyclin D1, p53, matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9), and vimentin. The phosphorylation of JAK1, STAT3, and AMPK was determined by Western blot. RESULTS Results from qRT-PCR showed circDOCK1 was enriched in thyroid carcinoma tissues. circDOCK1 fortified the viability of FTC-133 and TPC-1 cells, as well as their activities to migrate and invade. circDOCK1 increased cyclin D1 and decreased p53, and meanwhile induced the accumulation of MMP-9 and vimentin. miR-124 conferred a reverse effect on the abovementioned alteration. Besides, miR-124 blockaded the phosphorylation of JAK1, STAT3, and AMPK which was induced by circDOCK1. CONCLUSION circDOCK1 contributed to thyroid carcinogenesis through inhibition of miR-124 in thyroid cancer cells with dampening signaling transduction of JAK/STAT/AMPK in virtue of miR-124 downregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cui
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, Shandong, China
| | - Jun Xue
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, Shandong, China
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13
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Correlation between F18-FDG PET/CT Imaging and BRAF V600E Genetic Mutation for the Early Assessment of Treatment Response in Papillary Thyroid Cancers. J Pers Med 2020; 10:jpm10020052. [PMID: 32575591 PMCID: PMC7354584 DOI: 10.3390/jpm10020052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In thyroid neoplastic pathology, the BRAF V600E mutation is shown to be involved in the oncogenesis of papillary thyroid cancer and its subtypes. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the correlation between the mutation of the BRAF V600E oncogene and the pathological standardized uptake values (SUV) at the F18-fluorodeoxyglucose (F18-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) evaluation, for a group of 20 patients with radically treated (total thyroidectomy and radioiodine therapy) papillary thyroid cancer, with subclinical persistent disease, at 6 months after the initial treatment. We analyzed the correlations between the values of SUV and the presence of the BRAF mutation as well with other prognostic factors such as stage, age, specific tumor markers (thyroglobulin and anti-thyroglobulin), extrathyroid extension, the presence of metastatic lymph nodes or distant metastasis. The value of SUV in the case of BRAF+ (positive) patients was higher than in the negative ones, but without statistical significance, thus, the values of the SUV cannot be a predictable factor for the presence of the genetic mutation. There was a statistically significant correlation in BRAF+ subgroup between the SUV values and the positive resection limit following surgery, showing a higher SUV value in the PET/CT evaluation. No correlation was observed between the aforementioned prognostic factors involved in papillary thyroid cancer and the BRAF V600E mutation.
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14
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Fanfone D, Stanicki D, Nonclercq D, Port M, Vander Elst L, Laurent S, Muller RN, Saussez S, Burtea C. Molecular Imaging of Galectin-1 Expression as a Biomarker of Papillary Thyroid Cancer by Using Peptide-Functionalized Imaging Probes. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9030053. [PMID: 32183292 PMCID: PMC7150867 DOI: 10.3390/biology9030053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid cancers are the most frequent endocrine cancers and their incidence is increasing worldwide. Thyroid nodules occur in over 19–68% of the population, but only 7–15% of them are diagnosed as malignant. Diagnosis relies on a fine needle aspiration biopsy, which is often inconclusive and about 90% of thyroidectomies are performed for benign lesions. Galectin-1 has been proposed as a confident biomarker for the discrimination of malignant from benign nodules. We previously identified by phage display two peptides (P1 and P7) targeting galectin-1, with the goal of developing imaging probes for non-invasive diagnosis of thyroid cancer. The peptides were coupled to ultra-small superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide (USPIO) or to a near-infrared dye (CF770) for non-invasive detection of galectin-1 expression in a mouse model of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC, as the most frequent one) by magnetic resonance imaging and fluorescence lifetime imaging. The imaging probes functionalized with the two peptides presented comparable image enhancement characteristics. However, those coupled to P7 were more favorable, and showed decreased retention by the liver and spleen (known for their galectin-1 expression) and high sensitivity (75%) and specificity (100%) of PTC detection, which confirm the aptitude of this peptide to discriminate human malignant from benign nodules (80% sensitivity, 100% specificity) previously observed by immunohistochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Fanfone
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, UMONS, Avenue Victor Maistriau 19, 7000 Mons, Belgium; (D.F.); (L.V.E.); (S.L.); (R.N.M.)
| | - Dimitri Stanicki
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging, Rue Adrienne Bolland, 8, 6041 Charleroi, Belgium;
| | - Denis Nonclercq
- Laboratory of Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mons–UMONS, Avenue du Champ de Mars 6, 7000 Mons, Belgium;
| | - Marc Port
- Laboratoire de Génomique, Bioinformatique et Chimie Moléculaire (EA 7528), Equipe Chimie Moléculaire, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers (CNAM), HESAM Université, 75003 Paris, France;
| | - Luce Vander Elst
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, UMONS, Avenue Victor Maistriau 19, 7000 Mons, Belgium; (D.F.); (L.V.E.); (S.L.); (R.N.M.)
| | - Sophie Laurent
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, UMONS, Avenue Victor Maistriau 19, 7000 Mons, Belgium; (D.F.); (L.V.E.); (S.L.); (R.N.M.)
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging, Rue Adrienne Bolland, 8, 6041 Charleroi, Belgium;
| | - Robert N. Muller
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, UMONS, Avenue Victor Maistriau 19, 7000 Mons, Belgium; (D.F.); (L.V.E.); (S.L.); (R.N.M.)
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging, Rue Adrienne Bolland, 8, 6041 Charleroi, Belgium;
| | - Sven Saussez
- Laboratory of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, UMONS, Avenue du Champ de Mars, 6, 7000 Mons, Belgium;
| | - Carmen Burtea
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, UMONS, Avenue Victor Maistriau 19, 7000 Mons, Belgium; (D.F.); (L.V.E.); (S.L.); (R.N.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-6537-3814
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15
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Li Q, Wang P, Sun C, Wang C, Sun Y. Integrative Analysis of Methylation and Transcriptome Identified Epigenetically Regulated lncRNAs With Prognostic Relevance for Thyroid Cancer. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 7:439. [PMID: 31998704 PMCID: PMC6962111 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence has shown that epigenetic changes in DNA methylation, an important regulator of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) expression, can disturb the expression patterns of lncRNAs and contribute to carcinogenesis. However, knowledge about crosstalk effects between DNA methylation and lncRNA regulation in thyroid cancer (THCA) remain largely unknown. In this study, we performed an integrated analysis of methylation and the transcriptome and identified 483 epigenetically regulated lncRNAs (EpilncRNAs) associated with the development and progression of THCA. These EpilncRNAs can be divided into two categories based on their methylation and expression patterns: 228 HyperLncRNAs and 255 HypoLncRNAs. Then, we identified a methylation-driven 5-lncRNA-based signature (EpiLncPM) to improve prognosis prediction using the random survival forest and multivariate Cox analysis, which were then validated using the training dataset [Hazard ratio (HR) = 50.097, 95% confidence interval (CI): 10.231-245.312, p < 0.001] and testing dataset (HR = 4.395, 95% CI: 0.981-19.686, p = 0.053). Multivariate analysis suggested that the EpiLncPM is an independent prognostic factor. By performing a functional enrichment analysis of GO and KEGG for mRNAs co-expressed with the EpiLncPM, we found that the EpiLncPM was involved in immune and inflammatory-related biological processes. Finally, in situ hybridization analysis in 119 papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) tissues and paired adjacent normal tissues revealed that selected candidate lncRNA AC110011 has significantly higher expression of PTC compared to adjacent non-neoplastic tissues, and was closely related to the tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and extrathyroidal extension. In summary, our study characterized the crosstalk between DNA methylation and lncRNA, and provided novel biomarkers for the prognosis of THCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuying Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chuanhui Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanan Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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16
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Rubio-Gómez C, Rojas W, Polo JF, Alvarado A, Chaparro D, Torres-Tobar L, Gutiérrez-Castañeda LD. Absence of RET/PTC1 rearrangement in a sample of Colombian individuals with papillary thyroid carcinoma. REVISTA DE LA FACULTAD DE MEDICINA 2019. [DOI: 10.15446/revfacmed.v67n4.64560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most common endocrine neoplasm; therefore, markers with possible prognostic utility have been evaluated.Objective: To analyze the presence of RET/PTC1 rearrangement, lymphocytic thyroiditis and associated clinical features in patients with papillary thyroid cancer treated at the Hospital de San José in Bogotá, Colombia.Materials and methods: Clinical records of patients with complete thyroidectomy and diagnosis of papillary cancer were retrospectively identified. RNA was extracted from tumor tissue, and cDNA was obtained using inverse transcriptase to detect the rearrangement of the RET/PTC1 gene by means of qPCR.Results: 55 patients with papillary thyroid cancer were selected; 93% were females, and the mean age was 45.8 years. The most frequent histological variant was classic (49%). A relationship was found between lymphocytic thyroiditis and the number of positive nodes in segments other than central draining, as well as thyroiditis and antithyroid antibody value. No RET/PTC1 rearrangement expression was found.Conclusions: A relationship between lymphocytic thyroiditis and the number of positive nodes in segments other than central draining was found. Other molecular markers should be searched to differentiate the prognosis of these patients.
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17
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Khatami F, Larijani B, Nikfar S, Hasanzad M, Fendereski K, Tavangar SM. Personalized treatment options for thyroid cancer: current perspectives. PHARMACOGENOMICS & PERSONALIZED MEDICINE 2019; 12:235-245. [PMID: 31571972 PMCID: PMC6750856 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s181520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is one of the most common endocrine malignancies, with increasing incidence all over the world. In spite of good prognosis for differentiated thyroid carcinoma, for an unknown reason, about 5–10% of the patients, the cancer will show aggressive behavior, develop metastasis, and be refractory to treatment strategies like radioactive iodine. Regarding the genetic information, each thyroid cancer patient can be considered as an individual unique one, with unique genetic information. Contrary to standard chemotherapy drugs, target therapy components aim at one or more definite molecular pathway on cancer cells, so their selection is underlying patient’s genetic information. Nowadays, several mutations and rearrangements including BRAF, VEGF receptors, RET, and RET/PTC, KDR, KIT, PDGFRA, CD274, and JAK2 are taken into account for the therapeutic components like larotrectinib (TRK inhibitor), vemurafenib, sunitinib, sorafenib, selumetinib, and axitinib. With the new concept of personalized treatment of thyroid cancer diagnoses, planning treatment, finding out how well treatment will work, and estimating a prognosis has changed for the better over the last decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Khatami
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Personalized Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shekoufeh Nikfar
- Personalized Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmaceutical Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mandana Hasanzad
- Personalized Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Medical Genomics Research Center, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kiarad Fendereski
- Pediateric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Tavangar
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Pathology, Dr. Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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18
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Jin YX, Zhou XF, Chen YY, Jin WX, Wang YH, Ye DR, Sun YH, Li YF, Wang QX, Zhang XH, Wang OC, Chen ED. Up-Regulated AKR1C2 is correlated with favorable prognosis in thyroid carcinoma. J Cancer 2019; 10:3543-3552. [PMID: 31293659 PMCID: PMC6603404 DOI: 10.7150/jca.28364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Aldo-keto reductase family 1, member C2 (AKR1C2) gene encodes for a member of the AKR superfamily and participates in the metabolism of various drugs. Moreover, tumor and normal tissues exhibit an evident difference in the expression level of this gene. Methods: We downloaded and analyzed AKR1C2 expression level and the data consisting of the clinicopathological features of 490 papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) tumor tissues and 59 normal thyroid tissues from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort. Diverse statistical methods, such Chi-square test, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used. We down-/up-regulated the expression of AKR1C2 and explored its specific role in thyroid cancer cell lines by utilizing the si-RNA and plasmid. Results: We divided all patients who were collected in TCGA data sets into under-expressed (n = 245) and over-expressed groups (n = 245). We subsequently analyzed the data and obtained the following findings: (a) AKR1C2 is down-regulated in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) (p<0.001), (b) Kaplan-Meier result revealed that high expression level of AKR1C2 are correlated with favorable survival in PTC (p = 0.043), and (c) factors independently associated with recurrence-free survival are AKR1C2 expression (hazard ratio (HR 0.819) and American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage (HR 1.534). We also analysed the relationship between AKR1C2 expression and clinicopathological features in the validated cohort. AKR12C under-expression correlated with lymph node metastasis (p = 0.009) and AJCC stage (p= 0.001) which might indicate AKR12C as a prognostic factor in PTC. The cell line experiment results showed that the knockdown and overexpression of AKR1C2 significantly enhance and weaken the abilities of migration and invasion in papillary thyroid carcinoma cell. Conclusion: Our results indicated that AKR1C2 exerts inhibitory effects on PTC oncogenesis and elevated AKR1C2 expression is associated with the favorable prognostic factors and recurrence free survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xiang Jin
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China
| | - Xiao-Fen Zhou
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China.,Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China
| | - Ying-Ying Chen
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China
| | - Wen-Xu Jin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China
| | - Ying-Hao Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China
| | - Dan-Rong Ye
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China.,Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China
| | - Yi-Han Sun
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China.,Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China
| | - Yue-Feng Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China.,Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China
| | - Qing-Xuan Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China
| | - Ou-Chen Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China
| | - En-Dong Chen
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325000, China
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19
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Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma and Late Onset of Lung Distant Metastasis. A Case Report. REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/reports2010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC), which includes the papillary and follicular variants, is a common neoplasm. DTC has a very high cure rate and is treated surgically, usually followed by ablation of the post-surgical remnant with radioiodine. Case Presentation: The case of a 68-year-old male patient who underwent a minimally invasive complete thyroidectomy on July 4, 2007 for capsulated follicular carcinoma with margins of excision exempted from neoplastic infiltration (AJCC 2002 pT2 PNX PMX) is presented. Discussion: As the patient showed the presence of a pulmonary metastasis after 11 years, the potential implications of DTC follow-up management are here summarized. Conclusions: Follow up must be continued throughout life.
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Huang M, Yan C, Wei H, Lv Y, Ling R. Clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of thyroid cancer in northwest China: A population-based retrospective study of 2490 patients. Thorac Cancer 2018; 9:1453-1460. [PMID: 30209893 PMCID: PMC6209792 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.12858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The specific clinical features of thyroid cancer patients in northwest China are unclear; therefore, we analyzed the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of this population. Methods Clinical characteristics including age, gender, blood type, histological type, and BRAFV600E gene mutation; and incidence; risk factors; surgical treatment; and prognosis were recorded. Results A total of 2490 thyroid cancer patients were included; 98% were diagnosed with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Weight, blood type, histological type, and BRAFV600E gene mutation rates were significantly different. Pediatric thyroid cancer patients had higher lymph node metastasis, lower BRAFV600E mutation, and 6.2–9.2% greater recurrence rates than adult patients. PTC and papillary thyroid microcarcinoma displayed similar features, while in other types, such as follicular and medullary thyroid cancer, there were variations. Multiple logistic analyses showed that age (odds ratio [OR] 0.957, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.944–0.970; P < 0.001), focal status (OR 16.174, 95% CI 9.257–28.262; P < 0.001), pathology (OR 0.642, 95% CI 0.473–0.871; P = 0.004) and lymph node metastasis (OR 0.059, 95% CI 0.033–0.107; P < 0.001) were independent factors for BRAFV600E mutation. Conclusion Most real world clinicopathological features, treatment, and prognosis of thyroid cancer are similar to reported data, such as the higher incidence of disease in women and the larger proportion of PTC. However, the results in pediatric patients and those with BRAF gene mutations are controversial and require more clinical incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Huang
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Changjiao Yan
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongliang Wei
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yonggang Lv
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rui Ling
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
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21
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mTOR Pathway in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: Different Contributions of mTORC1 and mTORC2 Complexes for Tumor Behavior and SLC5A5 mRNA Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19051448. [PMID: 29757257 PMCID: PMC5983778 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is overactivated in thyroid cancer (TC). We previously demonstrated that phospho-mTOR expression is associated with tumor aggressiveness, therapy resistance, and lower mRNA expression of SLC5A5 in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), while phospho-S6 (mTORC1 effector) expression was associated with less aggressive clinicopathological features. The distinct behavior of the two markers led us to hypothesize that mTOR activation may be contributing to a preferential activation of the mTORC2 complex. To approach this question, we performed immunohistochemistry for phospho-AKT Ser473 (mTORC2 effector) in a series of 182 PTCs previously characterized for phospho-mTOR and phospho-S6 expression. We evaluated the impact of each mTOR complex on SLC5A5 mRNA expression by treating cell lines with RAD001 (mTORC1 blocker) and Torin2 (mTORC1 and mTORC2 blocker). Phospho-AKT Ser473 expression was positively correlated with phospho-mTOR expression. Nuclear expression of phospho-AKT Ser473 was significantly associated with the presence of distant metastases. Treatment of cell lines with RAD001 did not increase SLC5A5 mRNA levels, whereas Torin2 caused a ~6 fold increase in SLC5A5 mRNA expression in the TPC1 cell line. In PTC, phospho-mTOR activation may lead to the activation of the mTORC2 complex. Its downstream effector, phospho-AKT Ser473, may be implicated in distant metastization, therapy resistance, and downregulation of SLC5A5 mRNA expression.
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22
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Zhang L, Yang Z, Granieri L, Pasculescu A, Datti A, Asa SL, Xu Z, Ezzat S. High-throughput drug library screening identifies colchicine as a thyroid cancer inhibitor. Oncotarget 2018; 7:19948-59. [PMID: 26942566 PMCID: PMC4991430 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We employed a high-throughput drug library screening platform to identify novel agents affecting thyroid cancer cells. We used human thyroid cancer cell lines to screen a collection of approximately 5200 small molecules with biological and/or pharmacologial properties. Parallel primary screens yielded a number of hits differentially active between thyroid and melanoma cells. Amongst compounds specifically targeting thyroid cancer cells, colchicine emerged as an effective candidate. Colchicine inhibited cell growth which correlated with G2 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. These effects were hampered through inhibition of MEK1/2 and JNK. In contrast, inhibition of p38-MAPK had little effect, and AKT had no impact on colchicine action. Systemic colchicine inhibited thyroid cancer progression in xenografted mice. These findings demonstrate that our screening platform is an effective vehicle for drug reposition and show that colchicine warrants further attention in well-defined clinical niches such as thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China.,Ontario Cancer Institute and The Endocrine Oncology Site Group, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Zhaoying Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China.,Ontario Cancer Institute and The Endocrine Oncology Site Group, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Letizia Granieri
- SMART Laboratory for High-Throughput Screening Programs, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Adrian Pasculescu
- SMART Laboratory for High-Throughput Screening Programs, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alessandro Datti
- SMART Laboratory for High-Throughput Screening Programs, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Agricultural, Food, and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Sylvia L Asa
- Ontario Cancer Institute and The Endocrine Oncology Site Group, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Zheli Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China.,Ontario Cancer Institute and The Endocrine Oncology Site Group, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shereen Ezzat
- Ontario Cancer Institute and The Endocrine Oncology Site Group, Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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23
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Celestino R, Nome T, Pestana A, Hoff AM, Gonçalves AP, Pereira L, Cavadas B, Eloy C, Bjøro T, Sobrinho-Simões M, Skotheim RI, Soares P. CRABP1, C1QL1 and LCN2 are biomarkers of differentiated thyroid carcinoma, and predict extrathyroidal extension. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:68. [PMID: 29321030 PMCID: PMC5763897 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3948-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The prognostic variability of thyroid carcinomas has led to the search for accurate biomarkers at the molecular level. Follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) is a typical example of differentiated thyroid carcinomas (DTC) in which challenges are faced in the differential diagnosis. Methods We used high-throughput paired-end RNA sequencing technology to study four cases of FTC with different degree of capsular invasion: two minimally invasive (mFTC) and two widely invasive FTC (wFTC). We searched by genes differentially expressed between mFTC and wFTC, in an attempt to find biomarkers of thyroid cancer diagnosis and/or progression. Selected biomarkers were validated by real-time quantitative PCR in 137 frozen thyroid samples and in an independent dataset (TCGA), evaluating the diagnostic and the prognostic performance of the candidate biomarkers. Results We identified 17 genes significantly differentially expressed between mFTC and wFTC. C1QL1, LCN2, CRABP1 and CILP were differentially expressed in DTC in comparison with normal thyroid tissues. LCN2 and CRABP1 were also differentially expressed in DTC when compared with follicular thyroid adenoma. Additionally, overexpression of LCN2 and C1QL1 were found to be independent predictors of extrathyroidal extension in DTC. Conclusions We conclude that the underexpression of CRABP1 and the overexpression of LCN2 may be useful diagnostic biomarkers in thyroid tumours with questionable malignity, and the overexpression of LCN2 and C1QL1 may be useful for prognostic purposes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-017-3948-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Celestino
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.,IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, P.O.Box 4953 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.,School of Allied Health Technologies, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 400, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | - Torfinn Nome
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, P.O.Box 4953 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.,Centre for Cancer Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ana Pestana
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.,IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.,ICBAS - Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute of the University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreas M Hoff
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, P.O.Box 4953 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.,Centre for Cancer Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - A Pedro Gonçalves
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.,ICBAS - Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute of the University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.,IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luísa Pereira
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.,IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno Cavadas
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.,IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina Eloy
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.,IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Trine Bjøro
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0424, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318, Oslo, Norway
| | - Manuel Sobrinho-Simões
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.,IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, University of Porto, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar de São João, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rolf I Skotheim
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, P.O.Box 4953 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway. .,Centre for Cancer Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0424, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Paula Soares
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal. .,IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal. .,Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, University of Porto, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.
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Tavares C, Coelho MJ, Eloy C, Melo M, da Rocha AG, Pestana A, Batista R, Ferreira LB, Rios E, Selmi-Ruby S, Cavadas B, Pereira L, Sobrinho Simões M, Soares P. NIS expression in thyroid tumors, relation with prognosis clinicopathological and molecular features. Endocr Connect 2018; 7:78-90. [PMID: 29298843 PMCID: PMC5754505 DOI: 10.1530/ec-17-0302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer therapy is based on surgery followed by radioiodine treatment. The incorporation of radioiodine by cancer cells is mediated by sodium iodide symporter (NIS) (codified by the SLC5A5 gene), that is functional only when targeted to the cell membrane. We aimed to evaluate if NIS expression in thyroid primary tumors would be helpful in predicting tumor behavior, response to therapy and prognosis. NIS expression was addressed by qPCR and immunohistochemistry. In order to validate our data, we also studied SLC5A5 expression on 378 primary papillary thyroid carcinomas from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. In our series, SLC5A5 expression was lower in carcinomas with vascular invasion and with extrathyroidal extension and in those harboring BRAFV600E mutation. Analysis of SLC5A5 expression from TCGA database confirmed our results. Furthermore, it showed that larger tumors, with locoregional recurrences and/or distant metastases or harboring RAS, BRAF and/or TERT promoter (TERTp) mutations presented significantly less SLC5A5 expression. Regarding immunohistochemistry, 12/211 of the cases demonstrated NIS in the membrane of tumor cells, those cases showed variable outcomes concerning therapy success, prognosis and all but one were wild type for BRAF, NRAS and TERTp mutations. SLC5A5 mRNA lower expression is associated with features of aggressiveness and with key genetic alterations involving BRAF, RAS and TERTp. Mutations in these genes seem to decrease protein expression and its targeting to the cell membrane. SLC5A5 mRNA expression is more informative than NIS immunohistochemical expression regarding tumor aggressiveness and prognostic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Tavares
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S)Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP)Porto, Portugal
- Medical Faculty of the University of PortoPorto, Portugal
| | - Maria João Coelho
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S)Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP)Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar (ICBAS)Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina Eloy
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S)Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP)Porto, Portugal
- Medical Faculty of the University of PortoPorto, Portugal
| | - Miguel Melo
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S)Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP)Porto, Portugal
- Department of EndocrinologyDiabetes and Metabolism, University and Hospital Center of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Medical FacultyUniversity of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Adriana Gaspar da Rocha
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S)Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP)Porto, Portugal
- Public Health UnitACeS Baixo Mondego, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Pestana
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S)Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP)Porto, Portugal
- Medical Faculty of the University of PortoPorto, Portugal
| | - Rui Batista
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S)Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP)Porto, Portugal
- Medical Faculty of the University of PortoPorto, Portugal
| | - Luciana Bueno Ferreira
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S)Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP)Porto, Portugal
- Medical Faculty of the University of PortoPorto, Portugal
| | - Elisabete Rios
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S)Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP)Porto, Portugal
- Medical Faculty of the University of PortoPorto, Portugal
- Department of PathologyMedical Faculty of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of PathologyHospital de S. João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Samia Selmi-Ruby
- Inserm UMR-S1052CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Bruno Cavadas
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S)Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP)Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar (ICBAS)Porto, Portugal
| | - Luísa Pereira
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S)Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP)Porto, Portugal
- Medical Faculty of the University of PortoPorto, Portugal
| | - Manuel Sobrinho Simões
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S)Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP)Porto, Portugal
- Medical Faculty of the University of PortoPorto, Portugal
- Department of PathologyMedical Faculty of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of PathologyHospital de S. João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Soares
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S)Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP)Porto, Portugal
- Medical Faculty of the University of PortoPorto, Portugal
- Department of PathologyMedical Faculty of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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25
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Gorshtein A, Benbassat C, Robenshtok E, Shimon I, Hirsch D. Response to Treatment is Highly Predictable in cN0 Patients with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. World J Surg 2017; 40:2123-30. [PMID: 27094559 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-016-3507-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While involvement of macrometastatic lymph nodes is a recognized independent predictor of an adverse course in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) patients, the clinicopathological variables associated with disease persistence/recurrence in clinically node-negative (cN0) disease are not well defined. The indications for prophylactic central neck dissection (pCND) in this patient group remain unclear as well. We aim to investigate the risk factors associated with short- and long-term persistence/recurrence of PTC in patients with cN0 disease at presentation compared to patients with PTC and cervical lymph node involvement (N1) and the response to initial treatment in these subgroups of patients. METHODS Data were collected retrospectively for 392 consecutive patients with PTC, 223 with cN0 disease and 169 with N1 disease, who were treated and followed at a single tertiary medical center in which pCND is not routinely performed for PTC. RESULTS Compared to patients with N1 disease, patients with cN0 disease had significantly smaller tumors, lower rates of multifocality, and less extrathyroidal extension. Persistency rates at 1 year were 6.7 % in the cN0 group and 47 % in the N1 group, and at last follow-up, 3.6 and 33.5 %, respectively (p = 0.001 for both time points). Within the cN0 group, those with persistent disease at 1 year (n = 15) had significantly larger tumors and higher stimulated thyroglobulin. Only six had structural residual disease, four of them lymph node metastases. All patients with persistent disease were initially treated with total thyroidectomy and radioiodine. Recurrence occurred in only three patients. After 8.3 ± 3.8 years of follow-up, eight patients with cN0 had persistent disease, three of them biochemical. Higher American Joint Committee of Cancer stage and extrathyroidal extension were the only factors that predicted disease persistence at the last follow-up in this group. CONCLUSIONS Patients with cN0 PTC and no distant metastases are usually disease free after thyroidectomy with/without radioactive iodine and do not need further interventions. The initial staging in these patients is a valid prognostic factor for disease outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Gorshtein
- Institute of Endocrinology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, 49100, Petach Tikva, Israel. .,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Carlos Benbassat
- Institute of Endocrinology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, 49100, Petach Tikva, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eyal Robenshtok
- Institute of Endocrinology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, 49100, Petach Tikva, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ilan Shimon
- Institute of Endocrinology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, 49100, Petach Tikva, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dania Hirsch
- Institute of Endocrinology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, 49100, Petach Tikva, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 6997801, Tel Aviv, Israel
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26
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Fanfone D, Despretz N, Stanicki D, Rubio-Magnieto J, Fossépré M, Surin M, Rorive S, Salmon I, Vander Elst L, Laurent S, Muller RN, Saussez S, Burtea C. Toward a new and noninvasive diagnostic method of papillary thyroid cancer by using peptide vectorized contrast agents targeted to galectin-1. Med Oncol 2017; 34:184. [PMID: 28986753 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-017-1042-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of papillary thyroid cancer has increased these last decades due to a better detection. High prevalence of nodules combined with the low incidence of thyroid cancers constitutes an important diagnostic challenge. We propose to develop an alternative diagnostic method to reduce the number of useless and painful thyroidectomies using a vectorized contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging. Galectin-1 (gal-1), a protein overexpressed in well-differentiated thyroid cancer, has been targeted with a randomized linear 12-mer peptide library using the phage display technique. Selected peptides have been conjugated to ultrasmall superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide (USPIO). Peptides and their corresponding contrast agents have been tested in vitro for their specific binding and toxicity. Two peptides (P1 and P7) were selected according to their affinity toward gal-1. Their binding has been revealed by immunohistochemistry on human thyroid cancer biopsies, and they were co-localized with gal-1 by immunofluorescence on TPC-1 cell line. Both peptides induce a decrease in TPC-1 cells' adhesion to gal-1 immobilized on culture plates. After coupling to USPIO, the peptides preserved their affinity toward gal-1. Their specific binding has been corroborated by co-localization with gal-1 expressed by TPC-1 cells and by their ability to compete with anti-gal-1 antibody. The peptides and their USPIO derivatives produce no toxicity in HepaRG cells as determined by MTT assay. The vectorized contrast agents are potential imaging probes for thyroid cancer diagnosis. Moreover, the two gal-1-targeted peptides prevent cancer cell adhesion by interacting with the carbohydrate-recognition domain of gal-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Fanfone
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, University of Mons, Avenue Victor Maistriau 19, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Nadège Despretz
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, University of Mons, Avenue Victor Maistriau 19, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Dimitri Stanicki
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, University of Mons, Avenue Victor Maistriau 19, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Jenifer Rubio-Magnieto
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Center for Innovation in Materials and Polymers, University of Mons, Avenue Victor Maistriau, 19, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Mathieu Fossépré
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Center for Innovation in Materials and Polymers, University of Mons, Avenue Victor Maistriau, 19, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Mathieu Surin
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Center for Innovation in Materials and Polymers, University of Mons, Avenue Victor Maistriau, 19, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Sandrine Rorive
- Department of Pathology, Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070, Brussels, Belgium.,DIAPath, Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging, Rue Adrienne Bolland, 8, 6041, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Salmon
- Department of Pathology, Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik 808, 1070, Brussels, Belgium.,DIAPath, Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging, Rue Adrienne Bolland, 8, 6041, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Luce Vander Elst
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, University of Mons, Avenue Victor Maistriau 19, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Sophie Laurent
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, University of Mons, Avenue Victor Maistriau 19, 7000, Mons, Belgium.,Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging, Rue Adrienne Bolland, 8, 6041, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Robert N Muller
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, University of Mons, Avenue Victor Maistriau 19, 7000, Mons, Belgium.,Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging, Rue Adrienne Bolland, 8, 6041, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Sven Saussez
- Laboratory of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, University of Mons, Avenue du Champ de Mars, 6, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Carmen Burtea
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, University of Mons, Avenue Victor Maistriau 19, 7000, Mons, Belgium.
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Melo M, Gaspar da Rocha A, Batista R, Vinagre J, Martins MJ, Costa G, Ribeiro C, Carrilho F, Leite V, Lobo C, Cameselle-Teijeiro JM, Cavadas B, Pereira L, Sobrinho-Simões M, Soares P. TERT, BRAF, and NRAS in Primary Thyroid Cancer and Metastatic Disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2017; 102:1898-1907. [PMID: 28323937 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2016-2785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Little is known about the frequency of key mutations in thyroid cancer metastases and its relationship with the primary tumor genotype. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the frequency of TERT promoter (TERTp), BRAF, and NRAS mutations in metastatic thyroid carcinomas, analyzing primary thyroid tumors, lymph node metastases (LNMs), and distant metastases. DESIGN AND PATIENTS Mutation analysis was performed in 437 tissue samples from 204 patients, mainly with papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs; n = 180), including 196 LNMs and 56 distant metastases. All the distant metastases included corresponded to radioiodine-refractory metastatic tissue. RESULTS We found the following mutation frequency in primary PTCs, LNMs, and distant metastases, respectively: TERTp: 12.9%, 10.5%, and 52.4%; BRAF: 44.6%, 41.7%, and 23.8%; and NRAS: 1.2%, 1.3%, and 14.3%. There was a significant concordance between the primary tumor genotype and the corresponding LNM for all the genes, in particular BRAF-mutated PTC. The overall concordance between primary tumors and respective distant metastases was low. In the group of patients with PTCs, we found a high frequency of TERTp mutations and a low frequency of BRAF mutations in distant metastases, in comparison with the paired primary tumors. When present in distant metastases, BRAF mutations frequently coexisted with TERTp mutations. CONCLUSIONS When the genotype of primary tumors is compared with the genotype of LNMs, the concordance is high for all the genes studied. On the other hand, distant metastases show an enrichment in TERTp mutations and a decrease in BRAF mutations. TERTp mutations may play a role in distant metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Melo
- i3S Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra 3000-075, Portugal
- Unit of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3000-075, Portugal
| | - Adriana Gaspar da Rocha
- i3S Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
- Public Health Unit, ACeS Baixo Mondego, Coimbra 3040-006, Portugal
| | - Rui Batista
- i3S Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
- Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Porto 4200-319, Portugal
| | - João Vinagre
- i3S Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto 4050-313, Portugal
| | - Maria João Martins
- Department of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra 3000-075, Portugal
| | - Gracinda Costa
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra 3000-075, Portugal
| | - Cristina Ribeiro
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra 3000-075, Portugal
| | - Francisco Carrilho
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra 3000-075, Portugal
| | - Valeriano Leite
- Unit for Investigation of Molecular Pathobiology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology-Lisbon Center, Lisbon 1099-023, Portugal
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon 1169-056, Portugal
- Department of Endocrinology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology-Lisbon Center, Lisbon 1099-023, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Lobo
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology-Porto Center, Porto 4200-072, Portugal
| | - José Manuel Cameselle-Teijeiro
- Department of Pathology, Clinical University Hospital, Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Medical Faculty, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain
| | - Bruno Cavadas
- i3S Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
| | - Luísa Pereira
- i3S Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
- Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Porto 4200-319, Portugal
| | - Manuel Sobrinho-Simões
- i3S Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Porto 4200-319, Portugal
- Department of Pathology, Hospital São João, Porto 4200-319, Portugal
| | - Paula Soares
- i3S Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Porto 4200-135, Portugal
- Department of Pathology and Oncology, Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Porto 4200-319, Portugal
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28
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Agrawal N, Evasovich MR, Kandil E, Noureldine SI, Felger EA, Tufano RP, Kraus DH, Orloff LA, Grogan R, Angelos P, Stack BC, McIver B, Randolph GW. Indications and extent of central neck dissection for papillary thyroid cancer: An American Head and Neck Society Consensus Statement. Head Neck 2017; 39:1269-1279. [PMID: 28449244 DOI: 10.1002/hed.24715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The primary purposes of this interdisciplinary consensus statement were to review the relevant indications for central neck dissection (CND) in patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and to outline the appropriate extent and relevant techniques required to accomplish a safe and effective CND. METHODS A writing group convened by the American Head and Neck Society (AHNS) Endocrine Committee was tasked with identifying the important clinical elements to consider when managing the central neck compartment in patients with PTC based on available evidence in the literature, and the group's collective experience. The position statement paper was then submitted to the full Endocrine Committee, Education Committee, and AHNS Council. RESULTS This consensus statement was developed to inform the clinical decision-making process when managing the central neck compartment in patients with PTC from the AHNS. This document is intended to provide clarity through definitions as well as a basic guideline from which to manage the central neck. It is our hope that this improves the quality and reduces variation in management of the central neck, facilitates communication, and furthers research for patients with thyroid cancer. CONCLUSION This represents, in our opinion, contemporary optimal surgical care for this patient population and is endorsed by the American Head and Neck Society. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 39: 1269-1279, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishant Agrawal
- Department of Surgery, Section of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Maria R Evasovich
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Emad Kandil
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Salem I Noureldine
- Department of Surgery, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Erin A Felger
- Department of Surgery, Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC
| | - Ralph P Tufano
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Dennis H Kraus
- Center for Head and Neck Oncology, New York Head and Neck Institute, Northwell Health Cancer Institute, New York, New York
| | - Lisa A Orloff
- Department of Otolaryngology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California
| | - Raymon Grogan
- Department of Surgery, Section of Endocrine Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Peter Angelos
- Department of Surgery, Section of Endocrine Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Brendan C Stack
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Bryan McIver
- Department of Head and Neck Endocrine Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Gregory W Randolph
- Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts
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29
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Rodrigues AC, Penna G, Rodrigues E, Castro P, Sobrinho-Simões M, Soares P. The Genetics of Papillary Microcarcinomas of the Thyroid: Diagnostic and Prognostic Implications. Curr Genomics 2017; 18:244-254. [PMID: 28659720 PMCID: PMC5476952 DOI: 10.2174/1389202918666170105094459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Papillary microcarcinoma of the thyroid (mPTC) is defined by the WHO as a papillary thy-roid cancer measuring 10mm or less in diameter and it is nowadays a topic of intense debate among the members of the medical community due to its apparent “epidemic” rise. Although these tumors follow almost always an indolent clinical course and carry an excellent prognosis, it is known that a small sub-set may display a potentially aggressive behavior. Nevertheless, we still lack an accurate way of predict-ing those which will cause significant disease. In an attempt to address this problem, a number of clini-co-pathologic features have been studied as poor prognostic markers in mPTC, and their association with known genetic alterations in thyroid cancer has been evaluated. Herein we review the present knowledge concerning mPTC’s genetic profile, namely the prevalence of BRAF (V600E), RAS and TERT promoter mutations and RET/PTC and PAX8-PPARG rearrangements and report the results of the evaluation in the putative prognostic value of these genetic alterations in mPTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cunha Rodrigues
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Gustavo Penna
- Department of Internal Medicine - Endocrinology, Medical Faculty, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Elisabete Rodrigues
- Department of Endocrinology, Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Castro
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (I3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel Sobrinho-Simões
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (I3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology, Hospital de S. João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Soares
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (I3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
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30
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Trovato M, Campennì A, Giovinazzo S, Siracusa M, Ruggeri RM. Hepatocyte Growth Factor/C-Met Axis in Thyroid Cancer: From Diagnostic Biomarker to Therapeutic Target. Biomark Insights 2017; 12:1177271917701126. [PMID: 28469401 PMCID: PMC5391983 DOI: 10.1177/1177271917701126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-met axis plays a crucial role in cancer development by promoting cellular proliferation, motility, and morphogenesis, as well as angiogenesis. Different cellular distributions of both the ligand and the receptor in benign vs malignant lesions indicate this biological system as a candidate for a diagnostic biomarker of malignancy occurring in endocrine glands, such as the thyroid and pituitary. Furthermore, the HGF/c-met expression may help to identify a subset of patients eligible for potential targeted therapies with HGF/c-met inhibitors or antagonists in thyroid tumour, as well as in other malignancies. This may be relevant for iodine-refractory cancers, the treatment of which is still a major challenge. With this in mind, HGF/c-met expression in thyroid cancer tissue may be useful for prognostic and therapeutic stratification of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Trovato
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Endocrinology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Alfredo Campennì
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, Unit of Nuclear Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Giovinazzo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Endocrinology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Siracusa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, Unit of Nuclear Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Rosaria Maddalena Ruggeri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Endocrinology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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31
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Villar-Taibo R, Peteiro-González D, Cabezas-Agrícola JM, Aliyev E, Barreiro-Morandeira F, Ruiz-Ponte C, Cameselle-Teijeiro JM. Aggressiveness of the tall cell variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma is independent of the tumor size and patient age. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:3501-3507. [PMID: 28529577 PMCID: PMC5431510 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The tall cell variant (TCV) of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is characterized by tall columnar cells with a height of at least three times their width. TCV usually presents at an older age, has a larger size and exhibits more extrathyroidal extension and metastases than classical PTC. The current study compared TCV with the classical and follicular variants (CaFVs) of PTC to determine if, irrespective of the age at diagnosis and tumor size, TCV is more aggressive than its classical and follicular counterparts. A total of 16 (3.66%) patients with TCV were identified in a series of 437 patients with PTC from the Clinical University Hospital (Santiago de Compostela, Spain) between 1990 and 2010. The patient clinicopathological features and B-Raf proto-oncogene (BRAF)V600E mutational status were compared with 34 cases of CaFVs of PTC matched for tumor size and patient age. The TCV series included 11 females and 5 males aged 15–74 years (median, 57 years). In total, 15 (93.8%) patients underwent total or near-total thyroidectomy, 1 underwent lobectomy and 5 (31.3%) underwent lymph node dissection. In the TCV series, the tumor size ranged from 5–45 mm (median, 19 mm). Compared with the CaFVs, the TCV of PTC exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of extrathyroidal extension [9/16 (56.3%) vs. 5/34 (14.7%) cases; P=0.007], lymph node metastases [9/16 (56.3%) vs. 9/34 (26.4%) cases; P=0.04], stage III/IV at presentation [10/16 (62.5%) vs. 7/34 (20.5%) cases; P=0.009] and BRAFV600E mutation [12/16 (80.0%) vs. 7/25 (28.0%) cases; P=0.004]. The TCV series also harbored more multifocal papillary carcinomas (50.0% vs. 26.4%), lymphovascular invasion (37.5% vs. 29.4%) and distant metastases (6.2% vs. 0.0%), as compared with the matched patient cohort. In conclusion, the TCV of PTC is frequently associated with BRAFV600E mutation and is more aggressive than the CaFVs of PTC, regardless of tumor size and patient age at diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Villar-Taibo
- Department of Endocrinology, University of León Hospital, León 24071, Spain
| | | | - José Manuel Cabezas-Agrícola
- Department of Endocrinology, Clinical University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Galician Healthcare Service, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain
| | - Elvin Aliyev
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, 'Federico Gomez' Children's Hospital, México 06720, México.,Department of Anatomic Pathology, Clinical University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Galician Healthcare Service, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain
| | - Francisco Barreiro-Morandeira
- Department of Surgery, Clinical University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Galician Healthcare Service, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain
| | - Clara Ruiz-Ponte
- Galician Public Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain
| | - José M Cameselle-Teijeiro
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Clinical University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Galician Healthcare Service, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain
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Overexpression of teneurin transmembrane protein 1 is a potential marker of disease progression in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Clin Exp Med 2016; 17:555-564. [PMID: 28004221 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-016-0445-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Although papillary thyroid cancer is a relatively indolent malignancy, its progression may be associated with dedifferentiation and resistance to radioactive iodine treatment. In this study, patterns of differentially expressed genes in association with disease progression were systemically evaluated. We firstly performed transcriptome analyses for four matched cancerous and noncancerous tissue pairs of the classical subtype of papillary thyroid cancer. Among the upregulated and downregulated genes, the expression of 164 and 183 genes increased and decreased, respectively, from stage I to stage IV. Functional enrichment and pathway analysis showed that angiogenesis pathway was upregulated, whereas oxidation-reduction and metabolism of reactive oxygen species were downregulated. Teneurin transmembrane protein 1 (TENM1) expression was highly upregulated in cancerous tissues and negative in benign thyroid tissues. By immunohistochemistry, TENM1 expression in papillary thyroid cancer was associated with the classical subtype (p = 0.018), extrathyroidal invasion (p = 0.001), BRAF V600E mutation (p < 0.001), and an advanced stage (p = 0.019). Taken together, our results indicate that distinct pathways are involved in papillary thyroid cancer progression, and TENM1 is a potential marker of cancer progression.
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33
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HER2 Analysis in Sporadic Thyroid Cancer of Follicular Cell Origin. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17122040. [PMID: 27929428 PMCID: PMC5187840 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17122040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Epidermal Growth Factor Receoptor (EGFR) family member human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is overexpressed in many human epithelial malignancies, representing a molecular target for specific anti-neoplastic drugs. Few data are available on HER2 status in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). The present study was aimed to investigate HER2 status in sporadic cancers of follicular cell origin to better clarify the role of this receptor in the stratification of thyroid cancer. By immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in-situ hybridization, HER2 expression was investigated in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded surgical specimens from 90 DTC patients, 45 follicular (FTC) and 45 papillary (PTC) histotypes. No HER2 immunostaining was recorded in background thyroid tissue. By contrast, overall HER2 overexpression was found in 20/45 (44%) FTC and 8/45 (18%) PTC, with a significant difference between the two histotypes (p = 0.046). Five of the six patients who developed metastatic disease during a median nine-year follow-up had a HER2-positive tumor. Therefore, we suggest that HER2 expression may represent an additional aid to identify a subset of patients who are characterized by a worse prognosis and are potentially eligible for targeted therapy.
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34
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Tavares C, Coelho MJ, Melo M, da Rocha AG, Pestana A, Batista R, Salgado C, Eloy C, Ferreira L, Rios E, Sobrinho-Simões M, Soares P. pmTOR is a marker of aggressiveness in papillary thyroid carcinomas. Surgery 2016; 160:1582-1590. [PMID: 27574774 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2016.06.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activation of the mTOR pathway has been observed in thyroid cancer, but the biologic consequences regarding tumor behavior and patient prognosis remain poorly explored. METHODS We aimed to evaluate the associations of the mTOR pathway with clinicopathologic and molecular features and prognosis through the immunocharacterization of pmTOR and pS6 expression (as readouts of the pathway) in a series of 191 papillary thyroid carcinomas. RESULTS pmTOR expression was associated with distant metastases (P = .05) and persistence of disease (P = .05). Cases with greater expression of pmTOR were submitted to more 131I treatments (r[102] = 0.2; P = .02) and a greater cumulative dose of radioactive iodine (r[100] = 0.3; P = .01). Positive pmTOR expression showed to be an independent risk factor for distant metastases (odds ratio = 18.2; 95% confidence interval 2.1-157.9; P = .01). In contrast, pS6 expression was associated with absence of extrathyroid extension (P = .001), well-defined tumor margins (P = .05), and wild-type BRAF status (P = .01). There was no correlation between the expression of pmTOR and pS6 expression (r[140] = 0.1; P = .3). CONCLUSION pmTOR expression is an indicator of aggressive, metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma, being possibly implicated in refractoriness to therapy, while pS6 expression is associated with less aggressive pathologic features. Further studies are needed to understand better the biologic consequences of activation of the mTOR pathway in the behavior of thyroid cancer, namely the contribution of other pmTOR downstream effectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Tavares
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria João Coelho
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar of the University of Porto (ICBAS), Porto, Portugal
| | - Miguel Melo
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University and Hospital Center of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Medical Faculty, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Adriana Gaspar da Rocha
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; University and Hospital Center of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Pestana
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Batista
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina Salgado
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina Eloy
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luciana Ferreira
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Elisabete Rios
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology and Oncology, Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology, Hospital de S.João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel Sobrinho-Simões
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology and Oncology, Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology, Hospital de S.João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Soares
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology and Oncology, Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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35
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Onder S, Ozturk Sari S, Yegen G, Sormaz IC, Yilmaz I, Poyrazoglu S, Sanlı Y, Giles Senyurek Y, Kapran Y, Mete O. Classic Architecture with Multicentricity and Local Recurrence, and Absence of TERT Promoter Mutations are Correlates of BRAF (V600E) Harboring Pediatric Papillary Thyroid Carcinomas. Endocr Pathol 2016; 27:153-61. [PMID: 26951110 DOI: 10.1007/s12022-016-9420-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study is aimed to investigate the BRAF (V600E) and TERT promoter mutation profile of 50 pediatric papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs) to refine their clinicopathological correlates. The median age at the time of surgery was 16 years (range, 6-18). No TERT promoter mutations were identified in this series. The BRAF (V600E) mutation was present in 15 (30 %) tumors. From genotype-histologic variant correlation perspective, 13 of 24 classic variant PTCs and 2 of 7 diffuse sclerosing variant PTCs were found to harbor BRAF (V600E) mutation. One cribriform-morular variant, 3 solid variant, and 15 follicular variant PTCs were BRAF wild type. While tumors with distant metastasis were BRAF wild type, two of five tumors with extrathyroidal extension (ETE) harbored BRAF (V600E) mutation. Nine of 15 BRAF (V600E) harboring tumors had central lymph node metastases. There was no significant correlation with BRAF (V600E) mutation and age, gender, tumor size, ETE, central lymph node metastasis, the status of pT, pN1a-b, and distant metastasis. An adverse correlation between BRAF (V600E) mutation and disease-free survival (DFS) was noted in the entire cohort; however, the predictive value of BRAF (V600E) mutation disappeared within the group of tumors displaying classic architecture as well as classic variant PTCs. The present cohort identifies that the classic architecture with multicentricity and local recurrence are correlates of BRAF (V600E) harboring pediatric PTCs. While the small size of this cohort is one of the limitations, neither the BRAF mutation status nor the classic tumor architecture does seem to be an independent prognosticator of DFS in this series. Evidence also suggests that TERT promoter mutations do not seem to play a major role in the pathogenesis of pediatric PTCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semen Onder
- Department of Pathology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Sule Ozturk Sari
- Department of Pathology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gulcin Yegen
- Department of Pathology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ismail Cem Sormaz
- Department of General Surgery, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ismail Yilmaz
- Department of Pathology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Haydarpasa Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sukran Poyrazoglu
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Sanlı
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Giles Senyurek
- Department of General Surgery, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yersu Kapran
- Department of Pathology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Mete
- Department of Pathology, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Endocrine Oncology Site Group, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Tavares C, Melo M, Cameselle-Teijeiro JM, Soares P, Sobrinho-Simões M. ENDOCRINE TUMOURS: Genetic predictors of thyroid cancer outcome. Eur J Endocrinol 2016; 174:R117-26. [PMID: 26510840 DOI: 10.1530/eje-15-0605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Genetic predictors of outcome are reviewed in the context of a disease--cancer--that can be (too) simplistically described as a 'successful, invasive clone of our own tissues'. Context has many faces that determine a thyroid cancer patient's outcome beyond the influence of genetic markers. There is also plenty of evidence on the prognostic meaning of the interplay between genetics and context/microenvironment factors (encapsulation, degree of invasion, staging, etc.). This review addresses only genetic alterations detected by molecular methods in surgically resected specimens, thus ruling out immunohistochemistry and (F)ISH, despite their crucial relevance as topographically oriented methods. For the sake of the discussion, well-differentiated carcinomas were divided into two main morphologic types: papillary carcinoma (classic and most variants) displaying BRAFV600E mutations and RET/papillary thyroid carcinoma rearrangements and the group of follicular patterned carcinomas that encompasses follicular carcinoma and the encapsulated form of follicular variant of papillary carcinoma, displaying RAS mutations and PAX8/PPARγ rearrangement. TERT promoter mutations have been recently described (and associated with distant metastases and reduced survival) in papillary and follicular carcinomas, as well as in poorly differentiated and undifferentiated carcinoma. TP53 mutations, previously thought to be restricted to less differentiated carcinomas, were also detected in papillary and follicular carcinoma and found to carry a guarded prognosis. Besides their putative importance for targeted therapies, the prognostic meaning of such mutations is discussed per se and in the setting of concurrent BRAF mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Tavares
- Instituto de Investigacão e Inovacão em SaúdeUniversidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, PortugalCancer BiologyInstitute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Rua Dr Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, PortugalMedical FacultyUniversity of Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, P-4200 Porto, PortugalEndocrinologyDiabetes and Metabolism Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Praceta Mota Pinto, 3000-075 Coimbra, PortugalMedical FacultyUniversity of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, PortugalDepartment of PathologyMedical Faculty, Servicio Gallego de Salud-SERGAS, Clinical University Hospital, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15705 Santiago de Compostela, SpainDepartment of Pathology and OncologyMedical Faculty of Porto University, Porto, PortugalDepartment of PathologyHospital de S. João, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, P-4200 Porto, Portugal Instituto de Investigacão e Inovacão em SaúdeUniversidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, PortugalCancer BiologyInstitute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Rua Dr Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, PortugalMedical FacultyUniversity of Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, P-4200 Porto, PortugalEndocrinologyDiabetes and Metabolism Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Praceta Mota Pinto, 3000-075 Coimbra, PortugalMedical FacultyUniversity of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, PortugalDepartment of PathologyMedical Faculty, Servicio Gallego de Salud-SERGAS, Clinical University Hospital, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15705 Santiago de Compostela, SpainDepartment of Pathology and OncologyMedical Faculty of Porto University, Porto, PortugalDepartment of PathologyHospital de S. João, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, P-4200 Porto, Portugal Instituto de Investigacão e Inovacão em SaúdeUniversidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, PortugalCancer BiologyInstitute of Molecular Pathology and
| | - Miguel Melo
- Instituto de Investigacão e Inovacão em SaúdeUniversidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, PortugalCancer BiologyInstitute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Rua Dr Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, PortugalMedical FacultyUniversity of Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, P-4200 Porto, PortugalEndocrinologyDiabetes and Metabolism Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Praceta Mota Pinto, 3000-075 Coimbra, PortugalMedical FacultyUniversity of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, PortugalDepartment of PathologyMedical Faculty, Servicio Gallego de Salud-SERGAS, Clinical University Hospital, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15705 Santiago de Compostela, SpainDepartment of Pathology and OncologyMedical Faculty of Porto University, Porto, PortugalDepartment of PathologyHospital de S. João, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, P-4200 Porto, Portugal Instituto de Investigacão e Inovacão em SaúdeUniversidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, PortugalCancer BiologyInstitute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Rua Dr Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, PortugalMedical FacultyUniversity of Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, P-4200 Porto, PortugalEndocrinologyDiabetes and Metabolism Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Praceta Mota Pinto, 3000-075 Coimbra, PortugalMedical FacultyUniversity of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, PortugalDepartment of PathologyMedical Faculty, Servicio Gallego de Salud-SERGAS, Clinical University Hospital, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15705 Santiago de Compostela, SpainDepartment of Pathology and OncologyMedical Faculty of Porto University, Porto, PortugalDepartment of PathologyHospital de S. João, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, P-4200 Porto, Portugal Instituto de Investigacão e Inovacão em SaúdeUniversidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, PortugalCancer BiologyInstitute of Molecular Pathology and
| | - José Manuel Cameselle-Teijeiro
- Instituto de Investigacão e Inovacão em SaúdeUniversidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, PortugalCancer BiologyInstitute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Rua Dr Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, PortugalMedical FacultyUniversity of Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, P-4200 Porto, PortugalEndocrinologyDiabetes and Metabolism Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Praceta Mota Pinto, 3000-075 Coimbra, PortugalMedical FacultyUniversity of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, PortugalDepartment of PathologyMedical Faculty, Servicio Gallego de Salud-SERGAS, Clinical University Hospital, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15705 Santiago de Compostela, SpainDepartment of Pathology and OncologyMedical Faculty of Porto University, Porto, PortugalDepartment of PathologyHospital de S. João, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, P-4200 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Soares
- Instituto de Investigacão e Inovacão em SaúdeUniversidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, PortugalCancer BiologyInstitute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Rua Dr Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, PortugalMedical FacultyUniversity of Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, P-4200 Porto, PortugalEndocrinologyDiabetes and Metabolism Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Praceta Mota Pinto, 3000-075 Coimbra, PortugalMedical FacultyUniversity of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, PortugalDepartment of PathologyMedical Faculty, Servicio Gallego de Salud-SERGAS, Clinical University Hospital, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15705 Santiago de Compostela, SpainDepartment of Pathology and OncologyMedical Faculty of Porto University, Porto, PortugalDepartment of PathologyHospital de S. João, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, P-4200 Porto, Portugal Instituto de Investigacão e Inovacão em SaúdeUniversidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, PortugalCancer BiologyInstitute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Rua Dr Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, PortugalMedical FacultyUniversity of Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, P-4200 Porto, PortugalEndocrinologyDiabetes and Metabolism Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Praceta Mota Pinto, 3000-075 Coimbra, PortugalMedical FacultyUniversity of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, PortugalDepartment of PathologyMedical Faculty, Servicio Gallego de Salud-SERGAS, Clinical University Hospital, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15705 Santiago de Compostela, SpainDepartment of Pathology and OncologyMedical Faculty of Porto University, Porto, PortugalDepartment of PathologyHospital de S. João, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, P-4200 Porto, Portugal Instituto de Investigacão e Inovacão em SaúdeUniversidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, PortugalCancer BiologyInstitute of Molecular Pathology and
| | - Manuel Sobrinho-Simões
- Instituto de Investigacão e Inovacão em SaúdeUniversidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, PortugalCancer BiologyInstitute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Rua Dr Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, PortugalMedical FacultyUniversity of Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, P-4200 Porto, PortugalEndocrinologyDiabetes and Metabolism Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Praceta Mota Pinto, 3000-075 Coimbra, PortugalMedical FacultyUniversity of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, PortugalDepartment of PathologyMedical Faculty, Servicio Gallego de Salud-SERGAS, Clinical University Hospital, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15705 Santiago de Compostela, SpainDepartment of Pathology and OncologyMedical Faculty of Porto University, Porto, PortugalDepartment of PathologyHospital de S. João, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, P-4200 Porto, Portugal Instituto de Investigacão e Inovacão em SaúdeUniversidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, PortugalCancer BiologyInstitute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Rua Dr Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, PortugalMedical FacultyUniversity of Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, P-4200 Porto, PortugalEndocrinologyDiabetes and Metabolism Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Praceta Mota Pinto, 3000-075 Coimbra, PortugalMedical FacultyUniversity of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, PortugalDepartment of PathologyMedical Faculty, Servicio Gallego de Salud-SERGAS, Clinical University Hospital, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15705 Santiago de Compostela, SpainDepartment of Pathology and OncologyMedical Faculty of Porto University, Porto, PortugalDepartment of PathologyHospital de S. João, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, P-4200 Porto, Portugal Instituto de Investigacão e Inovacão em SaúdeUniversidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, PortugalCancer BiologyInstitute of Molecular Pathology and
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Yu L, Ma L, Tu Q, Zhang YI, Chen Y, Yu D, Yang S. Clinical significance of BRAF V600E mutation in 154 patients with thyroid nodules. Oncol Lett 2015; 9:2633-2638. [PMID: 26137119 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of the BRAF V600E mutation in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients from eastern coastal China and to determine whether it is correlated with the clinicopathological features of PTCs with or without current Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT). The BRAF V600E mutation status was analyzed in 206 thyroid nodules of 154 patients undergoing thyroidectomy using polymerase chain reaction and bi-directional sequencing. Multivariate analysis was performed to investigate the association of the BRAF V600E mutation with clinicopathological features. Thyroid nodules were classified as PTC, nodular goiter (NG), adenomatoid nodule, adenoma and HT. The BRAF V600E mutation was observed in 61.5% of PTCs analyzed; it was also detected in one normal tissue adjacent to PTC and one NG. One patient exhibited double mutations in the BRAF gene; the BRAF V600E mutation in the PTC lesion and the BRAF K601E mutation in the contralateral NG lesion. Patients harboring the BRAF V600E mutation had higher thyroid stimulating hormone levels (2.453±1.464 vs. 1.966±1.296 mIU/l), a reduced occurrence of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (55.0 vs. 88%), and a higher occurrence of lymph node metastasis (LNM; 42.5 vs. 16.0%) compared with those with wild-type BRAF (all P<0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that the BRAF V600E mutation was associated with LNM of PTC (hazard ratio, 5.051; 95% confidence interval, 1.068-23.893; P=0.041). Conversely, no association was identified between the BRAF V600E mutation and HT (38.5 vs. 67.3%, χ2=3.656, P=0.056). Thus, in regional PTCs, the BRAF V600E mutation was prevalent, suggesting that it may be an early and phenotypically defining molecular event in PTC, and may represent an independent factor that predicts LNM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingying Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Hangzhou Hospital (Hangzhou First People's Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Lizhen Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Hangzhou Hospital (Hangzhou First People's Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Qiaofeng Tu
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Hangzhou Hospital (Hangzhou First People's Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Y I Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Hangzhou Hospital (Hangzhou First People's Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Yueming Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Hangzhou Hospital (Hangzhou First People's Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Daojun Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Hangzhou Hospital (Hangzhou First People's Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Shaoyu Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Hangzhou Hospital (Hangzhou First People's Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
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Tufano RP, Clayman G, Heller KS, Inabnet WB, Kebebew E, Shaha A, Steward DL, Tuttle RM. Management of recurrent/persistent nodal disease in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer: a critical review of the risks and benefits of surgical intervention versus active surveillance. Thyroid 2015; 25:15-27. [PMID: 25246079 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2014.0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The primary goals of this interdisciplinary consensus statement are to define the eligibility criteria for management of recurrent and persistent cervical nodal disease in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) and to review the risks and benefits of surgical intervention versus active surveillance. METHODS A writing group was convened by the Surgical Affairs Committee of the American Thyroid Association and was tasked with identifying the important clinical elements to consider when managing recurrent/persistent nodal disease in patients with DTC based on the available evidence in the literature and the group's collective experience. SUMMARY The decision on how best to manage individual patients with suspected recurrent/persistent nodal disease is challenging and requires the consideration of a significant number of variables outlined by the members of the interdisciplinary team. Here we report on the consensus opinions that were reached by the writing group regarding the technical and clinical issues encountered in this patient population. CONCLUSIONS Identification of recurrent/persistent disease requires a team decision-making process that includes the patient and physicians as to what, if any, intervention should be performed to best control the disease while minimizing morbidity. Several management principles and variables involved in the decision making for surgery versus active surveillance were developed that should be taken into account when deciding how best to manage a patient with DTC and suspected recurrent or persistent cervical nodal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph P Tufano
- 1 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, Maryland
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Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy, and its incidence is increasing. Standard therapy for most patients with localized differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) includes surgery, radioactive iodine, and thyroid hormone replacement. A minority of thyroid cancer patients requires systemic therapy for metastatic disease. Patients with metastatic DTC do not usually benefit from traditional cytotoxic chemotherapy. In this review, we describe newly developed small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) that are being actively tested and used in the management of advanced thyroid cancer. The use of TKIs as a form of molecular targeted therapy is evolving based on understanding of the pathways involved in DTC. Disrupting tumor vascular supply by targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling is the most commonly used approach to treat advanced/metastatic DTC. Other mechanisms include targeting BRAF, MAPK/ERK kinase, or mammalian target of rapamycin signaling. Although TKIs appear to have superior efficacy compared to cytotoxic chemotherapy, they can cause substantial adverse effects; symptomatic management of adverse effects, dose adjustment, or cessation of therapy may be required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Jasim
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Levent Ozsari
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mouhammed Amir Habra
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Bosman FT, True LD. Prognostic biomarkers: an introduction. Virchows Arch 2014; 464:253-6. [PMID: 24562304 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-014-1553-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fred T Bosman
- Institute of Pathology, University of Lausanne Medical Center, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland,
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