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Xue M, Zhang K, Mu K, Xu J, Yang H, Liu Y, Wang B, Wang Z, Li Z, Kong Q, Li X, Wang H, Zhu J, Zhuang T. Regulation of estrogen signaling and breast cancer proliferation by an ubiquitin ligase TRIM56. Oncogenesis 2019; 8:30. [PMID: 31000690 PMCID: PMC6473003 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-019-0139-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer ranks no. 1 in women cancer worldwide, while 60–70% are estrogen receptor alpha positive. The estrogen selective modulators, such as tamoxifen, become the effective drugs for controlling ER alpha breast cancer progression. However, tamoxifen resistance will develop during long-time treatment and cancer progression. Thus, further understanding of ER alpha signaling becomes necessary for the improvement of breast cancer therapy. Here, we identify TRIM56 as a novel regulatory factor in ER alpha signaling. TRIM56 expression is positively correlated with ER alpha and PR in breast cancer samples and is related to poor prognosis in endocrine therapy patients. TRIM56 depletion significantly decreases ER alpha signaling activity and ER-alpha-positive breast cancer proliferation in vitro and in vivo. TRIM56 associates with AF1 domain of ER alpha via its WD40 domain in the cytoplasm. TRIM56 prolongs ER alpha protein stability, possibly through targeting ER alpha K63-linked ubiquitination. In conclusion, our study reveals an interesting posttranslational mechanism between TRIM56 and ER alpha in breast cancer progression. Targeting TRIM56 could be a promising approach for ER-alpha-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xue
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Kun Mu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Juntao Xu
- Rhil Rivers Technology (Beijing) Ltd, Beijing, P.R. China.,Department of Cancer Genomics, LemonData Biotech (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, P.R. China
| | - Huijie Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District, 300070, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Yun Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Beibei Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Zhonghao Wang
- School of Stomatology, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Zhongbo Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Qiong Kong
- School of International Education, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Xiumin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, 453003, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China.
| | - Jian Zhu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China. .,Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
| | - Ting Zhuang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, 453003, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China.
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Azarnezhad A, Tabrizi M, Atri M, Mehdipour P. ESR1 gene amplification in an Iranian population with early onset invasive ductal breast carcinoma. BREAST CANCER MANAGEMENT 2018. [DOI: 10.2217/bmt-2017-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The study aimed to evaluate a modified SYBR Green qPCR method to study the inter-relations of ESR1 amplification to other parameters including ER expression status, clinicopathological features and responsiveness to tamoxifen. Materials & methods: 35 breast cancer tissues were assessed for ESR1 amplification by a modified qPCR. Results: Amplification of ESR1 was observed in 31.4% out of 35 samples. ESR1 amplification and overexpression were significantly correlated (Spearman's Rho = 0.658; p < 0.001). ESR1 amplification was also statistically associated with positive response to tamoxifen (p = 0.0005), lower tumor grade (p = 0.027) and lower tumor stage (p = 0.005). Conclusion: Findings showed a positive correlation between ER amplification and ER-α expression and highlighted the potential clinical value of using SYBR Green qPCR to quantify amplification of ESR1. ESR1 amplification could be used as an indicator of positive response to tamoxifen and might have a clinicopathological significance. However, the qPCR data should be confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asaad Azarnezhad
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Tabrizi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Atri
- Department of Surgery, Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvin Mehdipour
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Chen JR, Chien HP, Chen KS, Hwang CC, Chen HY, Yeh KY, Hsieh TY, Chang LC, Hsu YC, Lu RJ, Hua CC. Amplification of HER2 and TOP2A and deletion of TOP2A genes in a series of Taiwanese breast cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e5582. [PMID: 28079792 PMCID: PMC5266154 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000005582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognostic relevance of topoisomerase II alpha (TOP2A) copy number change remains not well established. This study is aimed to investigate the frequency and pattern of TOP2A aberrations; to correlate TOP2A alterations with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status and clinicopathological parameters, and further to explore prognostic value of TOP2A and HER2 status in breast cancer in Taiwan. METHODS We analyzed tissue samples from 311 invasive carcinomas in tissue microarrays for TOP2A and HER2 status by fluorescent in situ hybridization. RESULTS TOP2A copy number change is an infrequent genetic event (9.8% amplification and 2.7% deletion) and is present in both HER2-amplified and nonamplified tumors. TOP2A amplification is statistically associated with age >50 at diagnosis (P = 0.016) and HER2 amplification (P < 0.001). HER2 amplification, but not TOP2A amplification, is a predictor of unfavorable prognosis (P = 0.002). Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that higher histologic grading, positive nodal involvement, and HER2 positivity were associated with poorer overall survival. Cytogenetically, double minutes-type amplification is the predominant pattern for both genes (HER2: 64% and TOP2A: 93.1%). Homogeneous staining region-type signals of both genes are resistant to RNase digestion, supporting that these were not nuclear accumulation of mRNA transcripts. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate the prognostic value of tumor grading, nodal involvement, and HER2 status in Taiwanese breast cancer. TOP2A aberrations are an infrequent event independent of HER2 status, and TOP2A amplification carries no prognostic value. The predictive value of TOP2A aberrations in patients of breast cancer taking athracycline-containing treatment in Taiwan remains to be determined in prospectively well-designed clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jim-Ray Chen
- Department of Pathology, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ping Chien
- Department of Pathology, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Su Chen
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Nephrology, Division of Medicine Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Cheng Hwang
- Department of Pathology, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Huang-Yang Chen
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Surgery, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Yan Yeh
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Division of Medicine, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Tsan-Yu Hsieh
- Department of Pathology, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Che Chang
- Department of Pathology, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Chun Hsu
- Department of Pathology, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ren-Jie Lu
- Department of Pathology, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ching Hua
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
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Tabarestani S, Motallebi M, Akbari ME. Are Estrogen Receptor Genomic Aberrations Predictive of Hormone Therapy Response in Breast Cancer? IRANIAN JOURNAL OF CANCER PREVENTION 2016; 9:e6565. [PMID: 27761212 PMCID: PMC5056018 DOI: 10.17795/ijcp-6565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancer constitutes the majority of these cancers. Hormone therapy has significantly improved clinical outcomes for early- and late-stage hormone receptor positive breast cancer. Although most patients with early stage breast cancer are treated with curative intent, approximately 20% - 30% of patients eventually experience a recurrence. During the last two decades, there have been tremendous efforts to understand the biological mechanisms of hormone therapy resistance, with the ultimate goal of implementing new therapeutic strategies to improve the current treatments for ER positive breast cancer. Several mechanisms of hormone therapy resistance have been proposed, including genetic alterations that lead to altered ER expression or ERs with changed protein sequence. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION A Pubmed search was performed utilizing various related terms. Articles over the past 20 years were analyzed and selected for review. RESULTS On the basis of published studies, the frequencies of ESR1 (the gene encoding ER) mutations in ER positive metastatic breast cancer range from 11% to 55%. Future larger prospective studies with standardized mutation detection methods may be necessary to determine the true incidence of ESR1 mutations. ESR1 amplification in breast cancer remains a controversial issue, with numerous studies either confirmed or challenged the reports of ESR1 amplification. The combination of intra-tumor heterogeneity regarding ESR1 copy number alterations and low level ESR1 copy number increase may account for these discrepancies. CONCLUSIONS While numerous unknown issues on the role of ESR1 mutations in advanced breast cancer remain, these new findings will certainly deepen current knowledge on molecular evolution of breast cancer and acquired resistance to hormone therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Tabarestani
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti Univeristy of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Marzieh Motallebi
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti Univeristy of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
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Légaré S, Basik M. Minireview: The Link Between ERα Corepressors and Histone Deacetylases in Tamoxifen Resistance in Breast Cancer. Mol Endocrinol 2016; 30:965-76. [PMID: 27581354 DOI: 10.1210/me.2016-1072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Approximately 70% of breast cancers express the estrogen receptor (ER)α and are treated with the ERα antagonist, tamoxifen. However, resistance to tamoxifen frequently develops in advanced breast cancer, in part due to a down-regulation of ERα corepressors. Nuclear receptor corepressors function by attenuating hormone responses and have been shown to potentiate tamoxifen action in various biological systems. Recent genomic data on breast cancers has revealed that genetic and/or genomic events target ERα corepressors in the majority of breast tumors, suggesting that the loss of nuclear receptor corepressor activity may represent an important mechanism that contributes to intrinsic and acquired tamoxifen resistance. Here, the biological functions of ERα corepressors are critically reviewed to elucidate their role in modifying endocrine sensitivity in breast cancer. We highlight a mechanism of gene repression common to corepressors previously shown to enhance the antitumorigenic effects of tamoxifen, which involves the recruitment of histone deacetylases (HDACs) to DNA. As an indicator of epigenetic disequilibrium, the loss of ERα corepressors may predispose cancer cells to the cytotoxic effects of HDAC inhibitors, a class of drug that has been shown to effectively reverse tamoxifen resistance in numerous studies. HDAC inhibition thus appears as a promising therapeutic approach that deserves to be further explored as an avenue to restore drug sensitivity in corepressor-deficient and tamoxifen-resistant breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Légaré
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Oncology and Surgery, Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3T 1E2
| | - Mark Basik
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Oncology and Surgery, Segal Cancer Center, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3T 1E2
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Holst F. Estrogen receptor alpha gene amplification in breast cancer: 25 years of debate. World J Clin Oncol 2016; 7:160-173. [PMID: 27081639 PMCID: PMC4826962 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v7.i2.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Twenty-five years ago, Nembrot and colleagues reported amplification of the estrogen receptor alpha gene (ESR1) in breast cancer, initiating a broad and still ongoing scientific debate on the prevalence and clinical significance of this genetic aberration, which affects one of the most important genes in breast cancer. Since then, a multitude of studies on this topic has been published, covering a wide range of divergent results and arguments. The reported prevalence of this alteration in breast cancer ranges from 0% to 75%, suggesting that ESR1 copy number analysis is hampered by technical and interpreter issues. To date, two major issues related to ESR1 amplification remain to be conclusively addressed: (1) The extent to which abundant amounts of messenger RNA can mimic amplification in standard fluorescence in situ hybridization assays in the analysis of strongly expressed genes like ESR1, and (2) the clinical relevance of ESR1 amplification: Such relevance is strongly disputed, with data showing predictive value for response as well as for resistance of the cancer to anti-estrogen therapies, or for subsequent development of cancers in the case of precursor lesions that display amplification of ESR1. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the various views on ESR1 amplification, and highlights explanations for the contradictions and conflicting data that could inform future ESR1 research.
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Thomas C, Gustafsson JÅ. Estrogen receptor mutations and functional consequences for breast cancer. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2015; 26:467-76. [PMID: 26183887 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2015.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A significant number of estrogen receptor α (ERα)-positive breast tumors develop resistance to endocrine therapy and recur with metastatic disease. Several mechanisms of endocrine resistance have been proposed, including genetic alterations that lead to ERs with altered protein sequence. By altering the conformation of the protein and increasing the interaction with coactivators, point mutations in ESR1, the gene encoding ERα, promote an active form of the receptor in the absence of hormone that assists tumor cells to evade hormonal treatments. Recent studies have confirmed that ESR1 point mutations frequently occur in metastatic breast tumors that are refractory to endocrine therapy, and suggest the development of novel strategies that may be more effective in controlling ER signaling and benefit patients with recurrent and metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoforos Thomas
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, 3605 Cullen Boulevard, Houston, TX 77204, USA.
| | - Jan-Åke Gustafsson
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, University of Houston, 3605 Cullen Boulevard, Houston, TX 77204, USA.
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Jin X, Mu P. Targeting Breast Cancer Metastasis. BREAST CANCER-BASIC AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2015; 9:23-34. [PMID: 26380552 PMCID: PMC4559199 DOI: 10.4137/bcbcr.s25460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is the leading cause of breast cancer-associated deaths. Despite the significant improvement in current therapies in extending patient life, 30–40% of patients may eventually suffer from distant relapse and succumb to the disease. Consequently, a deeper understanding of the metastasis biology is key to developing better treatment strategies and achieving long-lasting therapeutic efficacies against breast cancer. This review covers recent breakthroughs in the discovery of various metastatic traits that contribute to the metastasis cascade of breast cancer, which may provide novel avenues for therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jin
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA. ; Institute for Medical Engineering & Science (IMES), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Ping Mu
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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Sun H, Hou J, Shi W, Zhang L. Estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) genetic variations in cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2015; 39:127-35. [PMID: 25200861 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2014.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging published data on the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) gene and cancer susceptibility are inconsistent. This review and meta-analysis is performed to derive a more precise evaluation of this relationship. METHODS The literature search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and CNKI databases was conducted from their inception through June 2014. Crude odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the association. RESULTS Twenty-two literatures were enrolled in this meta-analysis. The results indicated that ESR1 rs1801132 (C>G) was associated with cancer risk in Caucasian populations. However, the results of stratified analysis by cancer type and source of controls indicated that no significant association was found. Furthermore, rs2077647 (A>G) was only associated with an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma, but was an adverse effect on cancer risk in Caucasian populations. CONCLUSIONS This present meta-analysis indicated that rs1801132 (C>G) and rs2077647 (A>G) may be protective factors in Caucasian populations. Meanwhile, rs2077647 (A>G) may be closely related with hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Sun
- Department of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinjun Hou
- Clinical Laboratory, Mother and Child Health Care Hospital of Qixia District, Nanjing, Nanjing 210028, Jiangsu, China; Clinical Laboratory, The North Branch of Nanjing Mother and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing 210004, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Wenbin Shi
- Clinical Laboratory, Nanjing Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Nanjing 210001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Lanxi People's Hospital, Jinhua, 321100 Zhejiang, China
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