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Loss of SATB2 expression correlates with cytokeratin 7 and PD-L1 tumor cell positivity and aggressiveness in colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19152. [PMID: 36351995 PMCID: PMC9646713 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22685-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is a disease that causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. To improve treatment, new biomarkers are needed to allow better patient risk stratification in terms of prognosis. This study aimed to clarify the prognostic significance of colonic-specific transcription factor special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2 (SATB2), cytoskeletal protein cytokeratin 7 (CK7), and immune checkpoint molecule programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). We analyzed a cohort of 285 patients with surgically treated CRC for quantitative associations among the three markers and five traditional prognostic indicators (i.e., tumor stage, histological grade, variant morphology, laterality, and mismatch-repair/MMR status). The results showed that loss of SATB2 expression had significant negative prognostic implications relative to overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS), significantly shortened 5 years OS and CSS and 10 years CSS in patients with CRC expressing CK7, and borderline insignificantly shortened OS in patients with PD-L1 + CRC. PD-L1 showed a significant negative impact in cases with strong expression (membranous staining in 50-100% of tumor cells). Loss of SATB2 was associated with CK7 expression, advanced tumor stage, mucinous or signet ring cell morphology, high grade, right-sided localization but was borderline insignificant relative to PD-L1 expression. CK7 expression was associated with high grade and SATB2 loss. Additionally, a separate analysis of 248 neoadjuvant therapy-naïve cases was performed with mostly similar results. The loss of SATB2 and CK7 expression were significant negative predictors in the multivariate analysis adjusted for associated parameters and patient age. In summary, loss of SATB2 expression and gain of CK7 and strong PD-L1 expression characterize an aggressive phenotype of CRC.
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Choi HB, Pyo JS, Son S, Kim K, Kang G. Diagnostic and Prognostic Roles of CDX2 Immunohistochemical Expression in Colorectal Cancers. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12030757. [PMID: 35328309 PMCID: PMC8947721 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12030757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The study is aimed to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic role of the immunohistochemical expression of the Caudal-type homeobox transcription factor 2 (CDX2) in colorectal cancers (CRCs) through a meta-analysis. By searching relevant databases, 38 articles were eligible to be included in this study. We extracted the information for CDX2 expression rates and the correlation between CDX2 expression and clinicopathological characteristics. The estimated rates of CDX2 expression were 0.882 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.774−0.861] and 0.893 (95% CI 0.820−0.938) in primary and metastatic CRCs, respectively. Furthermore, based on their histologic subtype, CDX2 expression rates of adenocarcinoma and medullary carcinoma were 0.886 (95% CI 0.837−0.923) and 0.436 (95% CI 0.269−0.618), respectively. There was a significant difference in CDX2 expression rates between adenocarcinoma and medullary carcinoma in the meta-regression test (p < 0.001). In addition, CDX2 expression was significantly lower in CRCs with the BRAFV600E mutation than in CRCs without mutation. Patients with CDX2 expression had better overall and cancer-specific survival rates than those without CDX2 expression. Thus, CDX2 is a useful diagnostic and prognostic marker CRCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Bae Choi
- Department of Surgery, Daehang Hospital, Seoul 06699, Korea
| | - Jung-Soo Pyo
- Department of Pathology, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Uijeongbu-si 11759, Korea
| | - Soomin Son
- Division of Molecular Life and Chemical Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Ewha Woman's University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | | | - Guhyun Kang
- Department of Pathology, Daehang Hospital, Seoul 06699, Korea
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Cytokeratin 7 expression as a predictor of an unfavorable prognosis in colorectal carcinoma. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17863. [PMID: 34504224 PMCID: PMC8429687 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97480-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Cytokeratins (CKs) are widely expressed in various types of carcinomas, whereas in CRC it is usually CK7 − and CK20 + . A subset of CRCs is CK7 + . This study aims to determine the prevalence of CK7 expression in CRC and its impact on overall survival. We analyzed 300 randomly selected surgically treated CRC cases using paraffin embedded tumor tissue samples and evaluated CK7 and CK20 expression using the tissue microarray method. Tumors with positivity > 10% and > 25% of tumor cells were considered CK7 and CK20 positive, respectively. Expression of both CKs and several clinical-pathological variables (stage, grade, laterality, mismatch-repair/MMR status) were evaluated using patient follow up data (Kaplan–Meier analysis of cancer-specific survival (CSS)). Significant results include shorter CSS (restricted mean 4.98 vs. 7.74 years, P = 0.007) and 5-year survival (29.4% vs. 64.6%, P = 0.0221) in CK7 + tumors compared to CK7 − tumors, respectively; without significant association with grade, stage or right-sided location. These results were significant in a multivariate analysis. CK20 + tumors are more frequently MMR-proficient and left-sided. MMR-deficient tumors are more frequently right-sided and had longer survival. CK7 expression, right-sided location (rmean CSS 6.83 vs. 8.0 years, P = 0.043), MMR-proficiency (rmean CSS 7.41 vs. 9.32 years, P = 0.012), and UICC stages III + IV (rmean CSS 6.03 vs. 8.92 years, P < 0.001) of the tumor correlated with negative prognostic outcomes, whereas the most significant results concern stage and CK7 positivity. The result concerning negative prognostic role of CK7 differs from those obtained by several previous studies focused on this topic.
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Mosnier JF, Airaud F, Métairie S, Volteau C, Bezieau S, Denis M. Mapping of colorectal carcinoma diseases with activation of Wnt/beta-catenin signalling pathway using hierarchical clustering approach. J Clin Pathol 2021; 75:168-175. [PMID: 33441391 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2020-207144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To map the colorectal carcinoma (CRC) diseases with significant Wnt signalling pathway activation for delineating their clinicopathological and molecular profiles. METHODS Mapping is based on hierarchical clustering analyses of a series of 283 CRCs. Data tabulated were histopathological patterns, immunophenotypic differentiation, RAS, RAF, CTNNB1 mutations and microsatellite instability status, tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and genetic setting. Beta-catenin expression in more than 10% of cell nuclei in the centre of tumour serves as a surrogate marker of significant activation of Wnt signalling pathway. RESULTS Nuclei beta-catenin expression was present in 95% of CRCs; 56% of them met the criteria of high level of nuclei beta-catenin expression (≥10%). Proportion of beta-catenin positive nuclei was significantly higher in younger patients, rectal and left-sided colonic carcinomas. CRCs with high level of nuclei beta-catenin expression were regrouped into three clusters: (1) microsatellite stability (MSS) CRCs with no constitutive MAPK pathway activation including 90% of low-grade adenocarcinoma, NOS, with intestinal differentiation without TILs; (2) RAS-mutated MSS CRCs including low-grade adenocarcinoma, NOS, with intestinal differentiation and mucinous adenocarcinoma without TILs; (3) MSI-H CRCs including both BRAF-mutated CRCs evolving from serrated pathway and CTNNB1-mutated CRCs associated with Lynch syndrome. CONCLUSIONS MSS low-grade adenocarcinoma, NOS, with intestinal differentiation without TILs ('crypt-like adenocarcinoma') might be the morphological pending of canonical molecular subtype of CRC defined as displayed molecular epithelial differentiation and upregulation of WNT in consensus molecular classification of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabrice Airaud
- Department of Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Sylvie Métairie
- Department of Digestive and Endocrinology Surgeries, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Christelle Volteau
- Biostatistics Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Stéphane Bezieau
- Department of Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Marc Denis
- Department of Biochemistry and Oncogenomics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nantes, France
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Association of CDX2 Expression With Survival in Early Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Clin Colorectal Cancer 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clcc.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Park DI, Dournes C, Sillaber I, Ising M, Asara JM, Webhofer C, Filiou MD, Müller MB, Turck CW. Delineation of molecular pathway activities of the chronic antidepressant treatment response suggests important roles for glutamatergic and ubiquitin-proteasome systems. Transl Psychiatry 2017; 7:e1078. [PMID: 28375208 PMCID: PMC5416684 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2017.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify molecular pathways related to antidepressant response. We administered paroxetine to the DBA/2J mice for 28 days. Following the treatment, the mice were grouped into responders or non-responders depending on the time they spent immobile in the forced swim test. Hippocampal metabolomics and proteomics analyses revealed that chronic paroxetine treatment affects glutamate-related metabolite and protein levels differentially in the two groups. We found significant differences in the expression of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor and neuronal nitric oxide synthase proteins between the two groups, without any significant alterations in the respective transcript levels. In addition, we found that chronic paroxetine treatment altered the levels of proteins associated with the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). The soluble guanylate cyclase-β1, proteasome subunit α type-2 and ubiquitination levels were also affected in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from antidepressant responder and non-responder patients suffering from major depressive disorder. We submit that the glutamatergic system and UPS have a crucial role in the antidepressant treatment response in both mice and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- D I Park
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - C Dournes
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | | | - M Ising
- Department of Clinical Research, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - J M Asara
- Division of Signal Transduction, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C Webhofer
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - M D Filiou
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - M B Müller
- Division of Experimental Psychiatry, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany,Division of Experimental Psychiatry, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, 55128 Mainz, Germany or , Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstrasse 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany. E-mail: or
| | - C W Turck
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany,Division of Experimental Psychiatry, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, 55128 Mainz, Germany or , Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstrasse 2-10, 80804 Munich, Germany. E-mail: or
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Park DI, Dournes C, Sillaber I, Uhr M, Asara JM, Gassen NC, Rein T, Ising M, Webhofer C, Filiou MD, Müller MB, Turck CW. Purine and pyrimidine metabolism: Convergent evidence on chronic antidepressant treatment response in mice and humans. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35317. [PMID: 27731396 PMCID: PMC5059694 DOI: 10.1038/srep35317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) are commonly used drugs for the treatment of psychiatric diseases including major depressive disorder (MDD). For unknown reasons a substantial number of patients do not show any improvement during or after SSRI treatment. We treated DBA/2J mice for 28 days with paroxetine and assessed their behavioral response with the forced swim test (FST). Paroxetine-treated long-time floating (PLF) and paroxetine-treated short-time floating (PSF) groups were stratified as proxies for drug non-responder and responder mice, respectively. Proteomics and metabolomics profiles of PLF and PSF groups were acquired for the hippocampus and plasma to identify molecular pathways and biosignatures that stratify paroxetine-treated mouse sub-groups. The critical role of purine and pyrimidine metabolisms for chronic paroxetine treatment response in the mouse was further corroborated by pathway protein expression differences in both mice and patients that underwent chronic antidepressant treatment. The integrated -omics data indicate purine and pyrimidine metabolism pathway activity differences between PLF and PSF mice. Furthermore, the pathway protein levels in peripheral specimens strongly correlated with the antidepressant treatment response in patients. Our results suggest that chronic SSRI treatment differentially affects purine and pyrimidine metabolisms, which may explain the heterogeneous antidepressant treatment response and represents a potential biosignature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Ik Park
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, 80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Carine Dournes
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | | | - Manfred Uhr
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Research, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - John M Asara
- Division of Signal Transduction, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nils C Gassen
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Theo Rein
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Marcus Ising
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Research, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Webhofer
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, 80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Michaela D Filiou
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Marianne B Müller
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, 80804, Munich, Germany.,Experimental Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy &Focus Program Translational Neuroscience, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Christoph W Turck
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, 80804, Munich, Germany
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