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Hagerty BL, Takabe K. Biology of Mesothelin and Clinical Implications: A Review of Existing Literature. World J Oncol 2023; 14:340-349. [PMID: 37869242 PMCID: PMC10588497 DOI: 10.14740/wjon1655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Since its discovery in 1992, mesothelin (MSLN) has generated significant interest as a therapeutic target. A number of characteristics make it ideal for this purpose. First, it is not expressed on the parenchyma of any vital organs. Second, it is differentially expressed on a number of cancer types that have relatively poor prognosis and lack effective systemic options. Third, it is expressed on the cell membrane making it accessible to large molecule targeted therapies. However, unlike other drug targets that have been exploited for therapeutic benefit, the precise function of MSLN, why it is expressed in certain cancers, and its biological role have not been clearly elucidated. Here the existing literature on the cellular function and expression patterns of MSLN across tumor types is reviewed in order to gain further understanding of this intriguing molecule. In doing so, we conclude that there remains significant ambiguity surrounding its function and role in cellular and tumor biology. Furthermore, the expression of MSLN and its relation of prognosis seems to depend on the type of tumor. Finally, the unified mechanism by which MSLN acts as a protein that conveys tumor aggressiveness remains elusive. What is clear is that there is much yet to be discovered in this realm and doing so may have large implications for treatment of otherwise lethal malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan L Hagerty
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Kazuaki Takabe
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Department of Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
- Department of Breast Surgery and Oncology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
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Shinto E, Oki E, Shimokawa M, Yamaguchi S, Ishiguro M, Hasegawa S, Takii Y, Ishida H, Kusumoto T, Morita M, Tomita N, Shiozawa M, Tanaka M, Ozawa H, Hashiguchi Y, Ohnuma S, Tada S, Matsushima T, Yamagishi K, Hase K. Enhanced Clinical Utility of Molecular Budding Signature as a Recurrence Risk Determinant in Stage II and III Colon Cancer Patients. Ann Surg Oncol 2023; 30:5239-5247. [PMID: 37154970 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-023-13594-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A molecular budding signature (MBS), which consists of seven tumor budding-related genes, was recently presented as a prominent prognostic indicator in colon cancer (CC) using microarray data acquired from frozen specimens. This study aimed to confirm the predictive power of MBS for recurrence risk based on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) materials. METHODS This research utilized the same microarray data from a prior multicenter study using FFPE whole tissue sections, which retrospectively reviewed 232 stage II CC patients without adjuvant chemotherapy and 302 stage III CC patients with adjuvant chemotherapy. All patients underwent upfront curative surgery without neoadjuvant therapy between 2009 and 2012. An MBS score was calculated using the mean of log2 [each signal] of seven genes (MSLN, SLC4A11, WNT11, SCEL, RUNX2, MGAT3, and FOXC1) as described before. RESULTS The MBS-low group exhibited a better relapse-free survival (RFS) than the MBS-high group in stage II (P = 0.0077) and in stage III CC patients (P = 0.0003). Multivariate analyses revealed that the MBS score was an independent prognostic factor in both stage II (P = 0.0257) and stage III patients (P = 0.0022). Especially among T4, N2, or both (high-risk) stage III patients, the MBS-low group demonstrated markedly better RFS compared with the MBS-high group (P = 0.0013). CONCLUSIONS This study confirmed the predictive power of the MBS for recurrence risk by employing FFPE materials in stage II/III CC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Shinto
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan.
| | - Eiji Oki
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mototsugu Shimokawa
- Department of Biostatistics, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Shigeki Yamaguchi
- Department of Surgery, Division of Colorectal Surgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Megumi Ishiguro
- Medical Innovation Promotion Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiji Hasegawa
- Department of Surgery, Saiseikai Yokohamashi Nanbu Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Takii
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Niigata Cancer Center Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Ishida
- Department of Digestive Tract and General Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Kusumoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Clinical Research Center, Cancer Research Division, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaru Morita
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naohiro Tomita
- Cancer Treatment Center, Toyonaka Municipal Hospital, Toyonaka, Japan
| | - Manabu Shiozawa
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Heita Ozawa
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Tochigi Cancer Center, Utsunomiya, Japan
| | - Yojiro Hashiguchi
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinobu Ohnuma
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Kazuo Hase
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
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Targeting Mesothelin in Solid Tumours: Anti-mesothelin Antibody and Drug Conjugates. Curr Oncol Rep 2023; 25:309-323. [PMID: 36763234 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-023-01367-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review aims to summarise the pathobiological role of mesothelin and the current data on therapeutic antibodies targeting mesothelin in solid tumours. RECENT FINDINGS High mesothelin expression is restricted to the pericardium, pleura, peritoneum and tunica vaginalis. Mesothelin does not seem to have any normal biological function in adult normal tissues. Mesothelin is highly expressed in mesothelioma, serous ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer and some gastric cancer and adenocarcinoma of the lung and is responsible for tumour proliferation, metastasis, resistance to chemotherapy or radiation and evasion of immune system. To date, antibody, antibody drug conjugates and bispecific antibodies with immune checkpoints have been investigated in mesothelin expressing malignancies. After a couple of decades of clinical investigation in antibody targeting mesothelin, the therapeutic benefit is relatively modest. Novel delivery of mesothelin targeting agents, more potent payload in antibody drug conjugates and immune checkpoint inhibitor, may improve therapeutic benefit.
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Weidemann S, Gorbokon N, Lennartz M, Hube-Magg C, Fraune C, Bernreuther C, Clauditz TS, Jacobsen F, Jansen K, Schmalfeldt B, Wölber L, Paluchowski P, Berkes E, Heilenkötter U, Sauter G, Uhlig R, Wilczak W, Steurer S, Simon R, Krech T, Marx A, Burandt E, Lebok P. High Homogeneity of Mesothelin Expression in Primary and Metastatic Ovarian Cancer. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2023; 31:77-83. [PMID: 36728364 PMCID: PMC9928564 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000001097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
To study the extent of heterogeneity of mesothelin overexpression in primary ovarian cancers and their peritoneal and lymph node metastases, a tissue microarray (TMA) was constructed from multiple sites of 220 ovarian cancers and analyzed by immunohistochemistry. One tissue core each was taken from up to 18 different tumor blocks per cancer, resulting in a total of 2460 tissue spots from 423 tumor sites (188 primary cancers, 162 peritoneal carcinosis, and 73 lymph node metastases). Positive mesothelin expression was found in 2041 of the 2342 (87%) arrayed tissue spots and in 372 of the 392 (95%) tumor sites that were interpretable for mesothelin immunohistochemistry. Intratumoral heterogeneity was found in 23% of 168 primary cancer sites interpretable for mesothelin and decreased to 12% in 154 peritoneal carcinosis and to 6% in 71 lymph node metastases ( P <0.0001). Heterogeneity between the primary tumor and matched peritoneal carcinosis was found in 16% of 102 cancers with interpretable mesothelin results. In these cancers, the mesothelin status switched from positive in the primary tumor to negative in the peritoneal carcinosis (3 cancers) in or vice versa (2 cancers), or a mixture of positive and negative peritoneal carcinoses was found (11 cancers). No such switch was seen between the mesothelin-interpretable primary tumors and their nodal metastases of 59 cancers, and only 1 mesothelin-positive tumor had a mixture of positive and negative lymph node metastases. In conclusion, mesothelin expression is frequent and highly homogeneous in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sören Weidemann
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf
| | - Natalia Gorbokon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf
| | | | | | - Christoph Fraune
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf
| | | | - Till S. Clauditz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf
| | - Frank Jacobsen
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf
| | - Kristina Jansen
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic
| | | | - Linn Wölber
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf
| | | | - Enikö Berkes
- Department of Gynecology, Regio Clinic Itzehoe, Itzehoe
| | | | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf
| | - Ria Uhlig
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf
| | - Waldemar Wilczak
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf
| | - Stefan Steurer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf
| | - Till Krech
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf
- Clinical Center Osnabrueck, Institute of Pathology, Osnabrueck
| | - Andreas Marx
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf
- Department of Pathology, Academic Hospital Fuerth, Fuerth, Germany
| | - Eike Burandt
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf
| | - Patrick Lebok
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf
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Bakun OV, Koval HD, Dudka YA, Oshchepkova IA, Makoviichuk KY. INFLUENCE OF PROBIOTICS ON THE MESOTHELIN LEVEL IN WOMEN WITH ENDOMETRIOSIS ASSOCIATED WITH INFERTILITY IN COMPLEX PREPARATION FOR ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGIES. WIADOMOSCI LEKARSKIE (WARSAW, POLAND : 1960) 2023; 76:2455-2459. [PMID: 38112364 DOI: 10.36740/wlek202311118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim: To study the determination of Mesothelin level in women with endometriosis associated with infertility and estimate influence of probiotic on endometriosis according of Mesothelin level in complex preparation before assisted reproductive technologies. PATIENTS AND METHODS Materials and methods: In this study, we conducted a retrospective analysis of the medical records of 40 infertile women who underwent assisted reproductive technologies while also using the probiotic "Femina Probiz." We divided the participants into two groups. The control group comprised 11 women who had tubal infertility due to a previous inflammatory condition but were otherwise found to be in good health through comprehensive clinical and laboratory assessments. These women, aged between 21 and 42 with an average age of 29.75 years, did not use the probiotic "Femina Probiz." The main group consisted of 29 women diagnosed with external genital endometriosis who were undergoing assisted reproductive technologies. Women in the main group received the probiotic "Femina Probiz" from Unic Biotech Ltd, India. They took one tablet twice a day for one month as part of their overall treatment before undergoing assisted reproductive technologies. We measured the Mesothelin levels before and after this preparation phase. This study was conducted at Bukovinian State Medical University and Centre of Reproductive Medicine. It's worth noting that the primary infertility incidence was significantly higher in the main group of patients. RESULTS Results: In the main group, we observed that the Mesothelin level was 0.73±0.01, which was significantly higher than the post-preparation level (0.59±0.01). In contrast, the control group had a Mesothelin level of 0.49±0.01. Interestingly, we noted that the Mesothelin level in patients increased approximately twofold before preparation compared to those who had undergone preparation. This suggests that the use of the probiotic led to a sharp reduction in the elevated Mesothelin levels. Consequently, the significant decrease in Mesothelin levels after using the probiotic indicates its effectiveness and potential utility in the preparation phase of assisted reproductive technologies programs. CONCLUSION Conclusions: The elevated Mesothelin levels indicate a strong association between the pathogenesis of endometriosis and inflammation, as well as damage to the peritoneum. The incorporation of a probiotic as part of a comprehensive preparation regimen prior to assisted reproductive technologies notably enhances the overall health of patients and leads to a reduction in Mesothelin levels. Based on our findings, we highly recommend the inclusion of this probiotic preparation in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana V Bakun
- BUKOVINIAN STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, CHERNIVTSI, UKRAINE
| | - Halyna D Koval
- BUKOVINIAN STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, CHERNIVTSI, UKRAINE
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Yamadera M, Shinto E, Nagata K, Shiraishi T, Kajiwara Y, Mochizuki S, Okamoto K, Kishi Y, Ueno H. Proposal for a tumor budding predictive score derived from endoscopic biopsy samples in colorectal cancer. Int J Clin Oncol 2022; 27:756-764. [DOI: 10.1007/s10147-021-02104-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Li D, Lin S, Hong J, Ho M. Immunotherapy for hepatobiliary cancers: Emerging targets and translational advances. Adv Cancer Res 2022; 156:415-449. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2022.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Paulsen JD, Polydorides AD. Pathology and Prognosis of Colonic Adenocarcinomas With Intermediate Primary Tumor Stage Between pT2 and pT3. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2021; 146:591-602. [PMID: 34473229 DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2021-0109-oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT.— Primary tumor stage (pT) is an important prognostic indicator in colonic adenocarcinomas; however, cases that have no muscle fibers beyond the advancing tumor edge but also show no extension beyond the apparent outer border of muscularis propria (termed pT2int), have not been previously studied. OBJECTIVE.— To address the clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis of pT2int tumors. DESIGN.— We recharacterized 168 colon carcinomas and compared pT2int cases to bona fide pT2 and pT3 tumors. RESULTS.— In side-by-side analysis, 21 pT2int cases diverged from 29 pT2 tumors only in terms of larger size (P = .03), but they were less likely to show high-grade (P = .03), lymphovascular (P < .001), and extramural venous invasion (P = .04); discontinuous tumor deposits (P = .02); lymph node involvement (P = .001); and advanced stage (P = .001), compared with 118 pT3 tumors. Combining pT2int with pT2 cases (versus pT3) was a better independent predictor of negative lymph nodes in multivariate analysis (P = .04; odds ratio [OR], 3.96; CI, 1.09-14.42) and absent distant metastasis in univariate analysis (P = .04), compared with sorting pT2int with pT3 cases (versus pT2). Proportional hazards regression showed that pT2 and pT2int cases together were associated with better disease-free survival compared with pT3 tumors (P = .04; OR, 3.65; CI, 1.05-12.70). Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that when pT2int were grouped with pT2 tumors, they were significantly less likely to show disease progression compared with pT3 (P = .002; log-rank test) and showed a trend toward better disease-specific survival (P = .06), during a mean patient follow-up of 44.9 months. CONCLUSIONS.— These data support the conclusion that pT2int carcinomas have clinicopathologic characteristics and are associated with patient outcomes more closely aligned with pT2 rather than pT3 tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D Paulsen
- From the Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Alexandros D Polydorides
- From the Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
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Nagata K, Shinto E, Shiraishi T, Yamadera M, Kajiwara Y, Mochizuki S, Okamoto K, Einama T, Kishi Y, Ueno H. Mesothelin Expression is Correlated with Chemoresistance in Stage IV Colorectal Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2021; 28:8579-8586. [PMID: 34318385 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-10507-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesothelin (MSLN) is a cell-surface glycoprotein present on mesothelial cells; its expression in several epithelial cancers generally portends an unfavorable prognosis. We investigated MSLN as a surrogate chemopredictive biomarker and examined the impact of MSLN expression in stage IV colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS We recruited 254 patients with CRC who received systemic chemotherapy following primary tumor resection between 2000 and 2019. Resected specimens were immunostained for MSLN and stratified by MSLN expression. The associations of tumor MSLN expression with tumor response in metastatic lesions and survival were evaluated. RESULTS Of the 247 patients with stage IV CRC, 41 (16.1%) and 213 (83.9%) had high and low MSLN expression, respectively. Based on the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1 criteria, the investigator-assessed objective response rate was 22.0% in the high MSLN expression group and 45.5% in the low MSLN expression group (p = 0.0050). The disease control rates in these groups were 65.9% and 85.9%, respectively (p = 0.00019). In the patients with high MSLN expression, the conversion rate among those with initially unresectable metastases was 0% versus 14% in the patients with low MSLN expression (p = 0.0053). The median overall survival (OS) was 1.5 years (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1-2.8) in the high MSLN expression group versus 2.6 years (95% CI 2.2-3.0) in the low MSLN expression group. The 3-year OS rates in these groups were 23.5 and 41.5%, respectively (p = 0.0120). CONCLUSIONS High MSLN expression is correlated with chemoresistance and poor prognoses in stage IV CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Nagata
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
| | - Eiji Shinto
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan.
| | - Takehiro Shiraishi
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masato Yamadera
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Kajiwara
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
| | - Satsuki Mochizuki
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
| | - Koichi Okamoto
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takahiro Einama
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yoji Kishi
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hideki Ueno
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
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Yoon DH, Ibrahim A, Tatishchev S, Duldulao MPN, Lee SW, Shin J. Prevalence of mesothelin expression in peritoneal disease from colorectal and appendiceal cancers. J Surg Oncol 2021; 124:1091-1097. [PMID: 34310720 DOI: 10.1002/jso.26610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesothelin is a cell surface glycoprotein overexpressed in 28%-58% of colorectal cancer (CRC). We hypothesized that CRC mesothelin expression contributes to peritoneal spread and that it is selectively overexpressed in those with peritoneal metastasis versus distant metastasis. METHODS This case-controlled study involved mesothelin immunohistochemistry staining of tumor specimens from patients with metastatic CRC/appendiceal cancers between 2017 and 2019. Staining reactivity was graded from trace to 4+ (low ≤1+; high >1+). Staining patterns were characterized on global (focal/patchy/diffuse) and cellular (apical/cytoplasmic) levels. Immunostaining of normal mesothelial cells served as internal control. RESULTS Thirty-one patients were identified: 11 peritoneal (study) and 20 distant metastasis (control). The control group did not include appendiceal cancers. The study group had greater proportion of high staining reactivity (55% vs. 5%; odds ratio [OR] = 20.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.96-211.8). The study group had more diffuse (36% vs. 0%; OR = 22.2, 95% CI 1.1-465.3) and cytoplasmic staining patterns (73% vs. 28%; OR = 6.9, 95% CI 1.3-37.2). CONCLUSION Mesothelin expression is higher in CRC/appendiceal cancers with peritoneal metastasis than those with distant metastasis. Immunohistochemistry staining patterns suggestive of propensity towards peritoneal metastasis include diffuse and cytoplasmic staining. Mesothelin may be a potential target for novel treatments of CRC/appendiceal carcinoma with peritoneal involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong H Yoon
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ahmad Ibrahim
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Sergei Tatishchev
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Marjun P N Duldulao
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Sang W Lee
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Joongho Shin
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Kakimoto S, Miyamoto M, Einama T, Takihata Y, Matsuura H, Iwahashi H, Ishibashi H, Sakamoto T, Hada T, Suminokura J, Ito T, Suzuki R, Suzuki A, Takano M. Significance of mesothelin and CA125 expression in endometrial carcinoma: a retrospective analysis. Diagn Pathol 2021; 16:28. [PMID: 33832498 PMCID: PMC8034188 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-021-01093-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to investigate the association between clinicopathologic factors, mesothelin, and cancer antigen (CA) 125 in endometrial carcinoma. Methods Between 1989 and 2017, patients with endometrial carcinoma who underwent total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy at our hospital were identified. The association between either or both immunochemical expression of mesothelin and CA125 and clinicopathological features were retrospectively examined. Results Among 485 patients, 171 were positive for mesothelin, 368 were positive for CA125, and 167 were positive for mesothelin and CA125. The expression of mesothelin and CA125 was positively correlated (p < 0.01). More patients with mesothelin expression showed myometrial invasion of more than 50% (p = 0.028) and positive lymphovascular invasion (p = 0.027). Similarly, more patients with co-expression of mesothelin and CA125 had myometrial invasion of more than 50% (p = 0.016) and positive lymphovascular invasion (p = 0.02). Patients with mesothelin expression and co-expression of mesothelin and CA125 demonstrated worse progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). In the multivariate analysis, mesothelin expression and co-expression were poor prognostic factors for PFS (mesothelin expression: hazard ratio [HR] = 2.14, p < 0.01; co-expression: HR = 2.19, p < 0.01) and OS (mesothelin expression: HR = 2.18, p < 0.01; co-expression: HR = 2.22, p < 0.01). Conclusions Mesothelin expression and co-expression might be associated with tumor aggressiveness and poor prognosis in patients with endometrial carcinoma. Persons with mesothelin-expressing endometrial cancers present a particularly high medical unmet need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soichiro Kakimoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Defense Medical College Hospital, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
| | - Morikazu Miyamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Defense Medical College Hospital, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Einama
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College Hospital, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Takihata
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College Hospital, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
| | - Hiroko Matsuura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Defense Medical College Hospital, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
| | - Hideki Iwahashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Defense Medical College Hospital, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ishibashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Defense Medical College Hospital, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
| | - Takahiro Sakamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Defense Medical College Hospital, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
| | - Taira Hada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Defense Medical College Hospital, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
| | - Jin Suminokura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Defense Medical College Hospital, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Ito
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Defense Medical College Hospital, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
| | - Rie Suzuki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Defense Medical College Hospital, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
| | - Ayako Suzuki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Defense Medical College Hospital, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan.,Department of Host Defense and Biochemical Research, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Masashi Takano
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Defense Medical College Hospital, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
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Mesothelin Expression in Human Tumors: A Tissue Microarray Study on 12,679 Tumors. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9040397. [PMID: 33917081 PMCID: PMC8067734 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9040397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesothelin (MSLN) represents an attractive molecule for targeted cancer therapies. To identify tumors that might benefit from such therapies, tissue microarrays including 15,050 tumors from 122 different tumor types and 76 healthy organs were analyzed for MSLN expression by immunohistochemistry. Sixty-six (54%) tumor types showed at least occasional weak staining, including 50 (41%) tumor types with at least one strongly positive sample. Highest prevalence of MSLN positivity had ovarian carcinomas (serous 97%, clear cell 83%, endometrioid 77%, mucinous 71%, carcinosarcoma 65%), pancreatic adenocarcinoma (ductal 75%, ampullary 81%), endometrial carcinomas (clear cell 71%, serous 57%, carcinosarcoma 50%, endometrioid 45%), malignant mesothelioma (69%), and adenocarcinoma of the lung (55%). MSLN was rare in cancers of the breast (7% of 1138), kidney (7% of 807), thyroid gland (1% of 638), soft tissues (0.3% of 931), and prostate (0 of 481). High expression was linked to advanced pathological tumor (pT) stage (p < 0.0001) and metastasis (p < 0.0001) in 1619 colorectal adenocarcinomas, but unrelated to parameters of malignancy in 1072 breast-, 386 ovarian-, 174 lung-, 757 kidney-, 171 endometrial-, 373 gastric-, and 925 bladder carcinomas. In summary, numerous important cancer types with high-level MSLN expression might benefit from future anti-MSLN therapies, but MSLN’s prognostic relevance appears to be limited.
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Yang X, Huang M, Zhang Q, Chen J, Li J, Han Q, Zhang L, Li J, Liu S, Ma Y, Li L, Yang L, Zou S, Han B. Metformin Antagonizes Ovarian Cancer Cells Malignancy Through MSLN Mediated IL-6/STAT3 Signaling. Cell Transplant 2021; 30:9636897211027819. [PMID: 34238029 PMCID: PMC8274104 DOI: 10.1177/09636897211027819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological malignancy, and chemotherapy remains the cornerstone for ovarian cancer management. Due to the unsatisfactory prognosis, a better understanding of the underlying molecular carcinogenesis is urgently required. METHODS Assays for determining cell growth, cell motility, and apoptosis were employed to evaluate the potential antitumor effects of metformin against ovarian cancer cells. Molecular biological methods were employed to explore the underlying mechanism. Human ovarian cancer samples and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) dataset were used for uncovering the clinical significances of mesothelin (MSLN) on ovarian cancer. RESULTS In the present work, we found that metformin treatment led to cell growth and cell migration inhibition, and induced cell apoptosis. Metformin administration also impaired cancer cell stemness and the capillary-like structure formation capacity of SKOV3 cells. On mechanism, metformin treatment remarkably reduced mesothelin (MSLN) expression, downregulated IL-6/STAT3 signaling activity, subsequently resulted in VEGF and TGFβ1 expression. We also observed an oncogenic function of MSLN on ovarian cancer. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our findings suggested that metformin exerts anticancer effects by suppressing ovarian cancer cell malignancy, which attributed to MSLN inhibition mediated IL6/STAT3 signaling and VEGF and TGFβ1 downregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fifth Affiliated People’s Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mei Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fifth Affiliated People’s Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fifth Affiliated People’s Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiao Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fifth Affiliated People’s Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fifth Affiliated People’s Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fifth Affiliated People’s Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fifth Affiliated People’s Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - JiaQi Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fifth Affiliated People’s Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fifth Affiliated People’s Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - YuLan Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fifth Affiliated People’s Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lan Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fifth Affiliated People’s Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fifth Affiliated People’s Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - SiYing Zou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fifth Affiliated People’s Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Fifth Affiliated People’s Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
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14
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Significance of mesothelin expression in preoperative endoscopic biopsy specimens for colorectal cancer prognosis. Oncotarget 2020; 11:3807-3817. [PMID: 33196692 PMCID: PMC7597413 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesothelin (MSLN) is a cell surface glycoprotein that is normally expressed in the mesothelial cells but highly expressed in several malignant tumors, where the high expression is generally associated with poor prognosis. In this work, 512 patients with stage III colorectal cancer (CRC) were examined to ascertain the prognostic value of MSLN expression in preoperative endoscopic biopsy specimens. MSLN expression was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining. The tumor cells were MSLN-positive in 61 of the 512 patients (11.9%). MSLN expression was associated with a shorter disease-specific survival (DSS) period (5-year DSS = 68.7%, P = 0.0008). Besides, by multivariate analysis, MSLN expression was identified to be a marker of poor prognosis by multivariate analysis (P = 0.0033, hazard ratio (HR) = 2.31) as well as macroscopic type (P = 0.047, HR = 1.82) among the factors that can be evaluated preoperatively. MSLN-positive patients had a significantly poorer prognosis regardless of adjuvant chemotherapy administration (P = 0.0081 and P = 0.0018 for surgery alone and chemotherapy, respectively). MSLN-positive patients in the adjuvant chemotherapy group exhibited a significantly lower risk of recurrence when compared with those in the surgery alone group (P = 0.0090). In conclusion, high MSLN expression observed in preoperative endoscopic biopsy specimens of stage III CRC was an independent poor prognostic factor. Preoperative evaluation of MSLN by immunohistochemical staining might be applied to select individuals for intensive preoperative chemotherapy among the stage III CRC patients.
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15
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Han T, Goswami S, Hu Y, Tang F, Zafra MP, Murphy C, Cao Z, Poirier JT, Khurana E, Elemento O, Hechtman JF, Ganesh K, Yaeger R, Dow LE. Lineage Reversion Drives WNT Independence in Intestinal Cancer. Cancer Discov 2020; 10:1590-1609. [PMID: 32546576 PMCID: PMC7541594 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-19-1536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The WNT pathway is a fundamental regulator of intestinal homeostasis, and hyperactivation of WNT signaling is the major oncogenic driver in colorectal cancer. To date, there are no described mechanisms that bypass WNT dependence in intestinal tumors. Here, we show that although WNT suppression blocks tumor growth in most organoid and in vivo colorectal cancer models, the accumulation of colorectal cancer-associated genetic alterations enables drug resistance and WNT-independent growth. In intestinal epithelial cells harboring mutations in KRAS or BRAF, together with disruption of TP53 and SMAD4, transient TGFβ exposure drives YAP/TAZ-dependent transcriptional reprogramming and lineage reversion. Acquisition of embryonic intestinal identity is accompanied by a permanent loss of adult intestinal lineages, and long-term WNT-independent growth. This work identifies genetic and microenvironmental factors that drive WNT inhibitor resistance, defines a new mechanism for WNT-independent colorectal cancer growth, and reveals how integration of associated genetic alterations and extracellular signals can overcome lineage-dependent oncogenic programs. SIGNIFICANCE: Colorectal and intestinal cancers are driven by mutations in the WNT pathway, and drugs aimed at suppressing WNT signaling are in active clinical development. Our study identifies a mechanism of acquired resistance to WNT inhibition and highlights a potential strategy to target those drug-resistant cells.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1426.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Han
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
- Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Sukanya Goswami
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Yang Hu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Fanying Tang
- Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Maria Paz Zafra
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Charles Murphy
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
- The Tri-Institutional Training Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Zhen Cao
- Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - John T Poirier
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Ekta Khurana
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Olivier Elemento
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Jaclyn F Hechtman
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Karuna Ganesh
- Molecular Pharmacology Program and Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Rona Yaeger
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Lukas E Dow
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York.
- Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
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16
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Abou-El-Naga AM, Abo El-Khair SM, Mahmoud AZ, Hamza M, Elshazli RM. Association of genetic variants in the 3'-untranslated region of the mesothelin (MSLN) gene with ovarian carcinoma. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 35:e22637. [PMID: 32997381 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Limited information has been offered regarding the association of mesothelin (MSLN) gene variants at the 3'-untranslated region with the risk of ovarian carcinoma. The primary objective of this work is to assess the impact of the MSLN (rs1057147 and rs57272256) variants on the progression of ovarian carcinoma among Egyptian women. The study was conceived based on 127 women diagnosed with ovarian carcinoma and 106 unrelated cancer-free controls. Genomic DNA of these MSLN variants was genotyped utilizing the PCR technique. The frequencies of the MSLN (rs1057147) variant revealed a significant association with increased risk of ovarian carcinoma under allelic and dominant models (P < .05). Nonetheless, ovarian cancer patients with the MSLN (rs57272256) variant did not attain considerable significance under all genetic models (P > .05). Together, our findings suggested that the MSLN (rs1057147) variant was associated with an increased risk of ovarian carcinoma, but not the MSLN (rs57272256) variant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Salwa M Abo El-Khair
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ashraf Z Mahmoud
- Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Hamza
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rami M Elshazli
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Horus University - Egypt, New Damietta, Egypt
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17
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Suzuki T, Yamagishi Y, Einama T, Koiwai T, Yamasaki T, Fukumura-Koga M, Ishibashi Y, Takihata Y, Shiraishi T, Miyata Y, Iwasaki T, Shinto E, Sato K, Ueno H, Yamamoto J, Kishi Y, Tsuda H. Membrane mesothelin expression positivity is associated with poor clinical outcome of luminal-type breast cancer. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:193. [PMID: 32952662 PMCID: PMC7479516 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesothelin is expressed in various types of malignant tumors. The present study immunohistochemically investigated mesothelin expression and its clinicopathological significance in each subtype of breast cancer, with special reference to its cellular localization, in particular, membrane mesothelin expression. Using tissue specimens from 482 patients with breast cancer, immunohistochemistry was used to study mesothelin expression and help classify its localization as membrane or cytoplasmic expression. Mesothelin expression was detected in 77 (16.0%) cases and was the highest in triple-negative breast cancer (31/75; 41.3%), followed by human epithelial growth factor receptor type 2 type (6/33, 18.2%) and luminal type (36/374; 9.6%). Among the 482 cases, membrane mesothelin expression was detected in 73 cases and was significantly associated with a negative hormone receptor status, higher Ki-67 labeling index, nuclear grade 3 and a lower relapse-free survival rate. Cytoplasmic mesothelin expression was not significantly associated with a lower relapse-free survival rate (P=0.058). In the 343 cases of luminal type, the membrane mesothelin expression-positive group had significantly worse prognosis than the membrane mesothelin-expression-negative group (P=0.042). There was no significant difference in the relapse-free survival rate according to the membrane mesothelin expression status in the triple-negative type and other types. It was suggested that membrane mesothelin expression in luminal type breast cancer is associated with a lower rate of relapse-free survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Suzuki
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
| | - Yoji Yamagishi
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan.,Department of Basic Pathology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
| | - Takahiro Einama
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
| | - Tomomi Koiwai
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
| | - Tamio Yamasaki
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
| | - Makiko Fukumura-Koga
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ishibashi
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Takihata
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
| | - Takehiro Shiraishi
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
| | - Yoichi Miyata
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
| | - Toshimitsu Iwasaki
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
| | - Eiji Shinto
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
| | - Kimiya Sato
- Department of Basic Pathology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
| | - Hideki Ueno
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
| | - Junji Yamamoto
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
| | - Yoji Kishi
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Tsuda
- Department of Basic Pathology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
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18
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Tieng FYF, Abu N, Sukor S, Mohd Azman ZA, Mahamad Nadzir N, Lee LH, Ab Mutalib NS. L1CAM, CA9, KLK6, HPN, and ALDH1A1 as Potential Serum Markers in Primary and Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Screening. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:E444. [PMID: 32630086 PMCID: PMC7400057 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10070444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening at the earlier stages could effectively decrease CRC-related mortality and incidence; however, accurate screening strategies are still lacking. Considerable interest has been generated in the detection of less invasive tests requiring a small sample volume with the potential to detect several cancer biomarkers simultaneously. Due to this, the ELISA-based method was undertaken in this study. METHODS Concentrations of neural cell adhesion molecule L1 (L1CAM), carbonic anhydrase IX (CA9), mesothelin (MSLN), midkine (MDK), hepsin (HPN), kallikrein 6 (KLK6), transglutaminase 2 (TGM2) aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1 (ALDH1A1), epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), and cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44) from blood serum of 36 primary CRC and 24 metastatic CRC (mCRC) were calculated via MAGPIX® System (Luminex Corporation, USA). RESULTS Significantly increased concentration (p < 0.05) of three serum biomarkers (L1CAM, CA9, and HPN) were shown in mCRC when compared with primary CRC. HPN and KLK6 showed significant differences (p < 0.05) in concentration among different stages of CRC. In contrast, levels of HPN and ALDH1A1 were significantly elevated (p < 0.05) in chemotherapy-treated CRC patients as compared with nontreated ones. Conclusion: Serum biomarkers could act as a potential early CRC diagnostics test, but further additional testings are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Yew Fu Tieng
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (F.Y.F.T.); (N.A.); (N.M.N.)
| | - Nadiah Abu
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (F.Y.F.T.); (N.A.); (N.M.N.)
| | - Surani Sukor
- Prima Nexus Sdn. Bhd., Kuala Lumpur 50470, Malaysia;
| | - Zairul Azwan Mohd Azman
- Colorectal Unit, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia;
| | - Norshahidah Mahamad Nadzir
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (F.Y.F.T.); (N.A.); (N.M.N.)
| | - Learn-Han Lee
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group, Microbiome and Bioresource Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Syakima Ab Mutalib
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (F.Y.F.T.); (N.A.); (N.M.N.)
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19
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Kakimoto S, Miyamoto M, Einama T, Matsuura H, Iwahashi H, Ishibashi H, Sakamoto T, Hada T, Takano M. Co-Expression of Mesothelin and CA125 Is Associated with the Poor Prognosis of Endometrial Serous Carcinoma and Mixed Carcinomas Including Serous Carcinoma. Pathol Oncol Res 2020; 26:2299-2306. [PMID: 32468249 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-020-00823-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the clinicopathologic factors and either expression or co-expression of mesothelin and cancer antigen (CA) 125 in endometrial serous carcinoma and mixed carcinomas including serous carcinoma. Between 1990 and 2017, patients with endometrial serous carcinoma and mixed carcinoma including serous carcinoma treated by total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy at our hospital were identified. The association between either expression or co-expression of mesothelin and CA125 was evaluated by immunochemical analysis and the clinico-pathological features were retrospectively examined. Among the 40 patients included, 19, 31, and 18 patients exhibited single positive mesothelin, single positive CA125, and positive co-expression, respectively. The expression of mesothelin and CA125 was observed to be positively associated (p = 0.021). There was no significant association of age and FIGO stage with individual mesothelin or CA125 expression or their co-expression. Overall survival (OS), but not progression-free survivals (PFS), of only mesothelin-positive patients was worse (p = 0.024). Hence, OS and PFS of patients with positive co-expression were worse (PFS: p = 0.043, OS: p = 0.012). In multivariate analysis, single mesothelin expression and single CA125 expression did not lead to worse prognosis. However, positive co-expression was the worst prognostic factor for OS (hazard ratio: 3.32, p = 0.039). Co-expression of mesothelin and CA125 may accurately predict OS in endometrial serous carcinoma and mixed carcinomas including serous carcinoma. Further studies should examine this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soichiro Kakimoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Defense Medical College Hospital, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
| | - Morikazu Miyamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Defense Medical College Hospital, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Einama
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College Hospital, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
| | - Hiroko Matsuura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Defense Medical College Hospital, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
| | - Hideki Iwahashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Defense Medical College Hospital, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ishibashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Defense Medical College Hospital, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
| | - Takahiro Sakamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Defense Medical College Hospital, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
| | - Taira Hada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Defense Medical College Hospital, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
| | - Masashi Takano
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Defense Medical College Hospital, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan
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20
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Shiraishi T, Shinto E, Nearchou IP, Tsuda H, Kajiwara Y, Einama T, Caie PD, Kishi Y, Ueno H. Prognostic significance of mesothelin expression in colorectal cancer disclosed by area-specific four-point tissue microarrays. Virchows Arch 2020; 477:409-420. [PMID: 32107600 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-020-02775-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mesothelin (MSLN) is a cell surface glycoprotein present in many cancer types. Its expression is generally associated with an unfavorable prognosis. This study examined the prognostic significance of MSLN expression in different areas of individual colorectal cancers (CRCs) using tissue microarrays (TMAs) by enrolling 314 patients with stage II (T3-T4, N0, M0) CRCs. Using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks from patients, TMA blocks were constructed. Tissue core specimens were obtained from submucosal invasive front (Fr-sm), subserosal invasive front (Fr-ss), central area (Ce), and rolled edge (Ro) of each tumor. Using these four-point TMA sets, MSLN expression was immunohistochemically surveyed. The area-specific prognostic significance of MSLN expression was evaluated. A deep learning convolutional neural network algorithm was used for imaging analysis and evaluating our judgment's objectivity. MSLN staining ratio was positively correlated between the manual and machine-learning analyses (r = 0.71). The correlation coefficient between Ro and Ce, Ro and Fr-sm, and Ro and Fr-ss was r = 0.63, r = 0.54, and r = 0.61, respectively. Disease-specific survival curves for the MSLN-positive and MSLN-negative groups in Fr-sm, Fr-ss, and Ro were significantly different (five-year survival rates 88.1% and 95.5% (P = 0.024), 85.0 and 96.2% (P = 0.0087), 87.8 and 95.5% (P = 0.051), and 77.9 and 95.8% (P = 0.046) for Fr-sm, Fr-ss, Ce, and Ro, respectively). The analysis performed using area-specific four-point TMAs clearly demonstrated that MSLN expression in stage II CRC was relatively homogeneous within tumors. Additionally, high MSLN expression showed or tended to show unfavorable prognostic significance regardless of the tumor area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehiro Shiraishi
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-0042, Japan
| | - Eiji Shinto
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-0042, Japan.
| | - Ines P Nearchou
- Quantitative and Digital Pathology, School of Medicine, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY16 9TF, UK
| | - Hitoshi Tsuda
- Department of Basic Pathology, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-0042, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Kajiwara
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-0042, Japan
| | - Takahiro Einama
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-0042, Japan
| | - Peter D Caie
- Quantitative and Digital Pathology, School of Medicine, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY16 9TF, UK
| | - Yoji Kishi
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-0042, Japan
| | - Hideki Ueno
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-0042, Japan
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21
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Inoue S, Tsunoda T, Riku M, Ito H, Inoko A, Murakami H, Ebi M, Ogasawara N, Pastan I, Kasugai K, Kasai K, Ikeda H, Inaguma S. Diffuse mesothelin expression leads to worse prognosis through enhanced cellular proliferation in colorectal cancer. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:1741-1750. [PMID: 32194667 PMCID: PMC7039175 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesothelin (MSLN) is a glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked cell surface protein that is highly expressed in several types of malignant tumor, including malignant pleural mesothelioma, ovarian cancer and pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Recently, a comprehensive immunohistochemical study using MN-1 monoclonal antibody identified a significant number of colorectal tumors in which MSLN was expressed. However, the clinicopathological profiles and survival of patients with MSLN-positive colorectal cancer have not been fully analyzed. In the current study, the expression of MSLN in 270 primary and 44 metastatic colorectal tumors was immunohistochemically analyzed to determine the clinical usefulness of MSLN immunohistochemistry and to identify potential candidates for future anti-MSLN therapy. In vitro experiments using colon cancer cell lines were performed to investigate the biological significance of MSLN expression in tumors. The results of univariate analyses identified a significant correlation between MSLN expression and females (P=0.0042). Furthermore, an inverse correlation between MSLN expression and solid/sheet-like proliferation (P=0.014) was also revealed. Additionally, overall survival was significantly shorter in patients with diffuse luminal/membranous expression of MSLN (P=0.018). Multivariable Cox hazards regression analysis revealed diffuse MSLN expression (hazard ratio, 2.26; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-4.91; P=0.039) as a potential risk factor. When comparing primary CRCs and the metastasis of each, a weakly positive correlation was identified for MSLN positivity (% positive cells; R=0.484; P<0.0001). The in vitro experiments revealed a positive role for MSLN in colon cancer cell proliferation. Thus, MSLN immunohistochemistry may be useful in the prognostication of patients with CRC. The results demonstrated that significant numbers of patients with MSLN-positive CRC exhibiting metastasis could be targeted by anti-MSLN therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Inoue
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Takumi Tsunoda
- Department of Pathology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Miho Riku
- Department of Pathology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Hideaki Ito
- Department of Pathology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Akihito Inoko
- Department of Pathology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Hideki Murakami
- Department of Pathology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Masahide Ebi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Naotaka Ogasawara
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Ira Pastan
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kunio Kasugai
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Kenji Kasai
- Department of Pathology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ikeda
- Department of Pathology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Shingo Inaguma
- Department of Pathology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
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22
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Kim H, Chung Y, Paik SS, Jang K, Shin SJ. Mesothelin expression and its prognostic role according to microsatellite instability status in colorectal adenocarcinoma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e16207. [PMID: 31261569 PMCID: PMC6616341 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000016207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The cell-surface glycoprotein, mesothelin, is normally present on mesothelial cells. Overexpression of mesothelin has been reported in many tumors and is correlated with poor outcome. We investigated the clinicopathologic significance of mesothelin expression in colorectal adenocarcinoma with microsatellites instability (MSI) status.Mesothelin expression was evaluated immunohistochemically in tissue microarray blocks from 390 colorectal adenocarcinoma samples. Mesothelin expression was interpreted according to the intensity and extent. A score of 2 was considered high expression. We analyzed the correlation between mesothelin expression and clinicopathologic characteristics.High mesothelin expression was observed in 177 (45.4%) out of 390 colorectal adenocarcinoma samples and was significantly associated with high histologic grade (P = .037), lymphatic invasion (P = .028), lymph node metastasis (P = .028), and high AJCC stage (P = .026). Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed no significant difference between patients with high mesothelin expression and patients with low mesothelin expression in both recurrence-free survival (RFS) and cancer-specific survival (P = .609 and P = .167, respectively). In subgroup survival analyses, high mesothelin expression was associated with poor RFS in the MSI-High group of colorectal adenocarcinoma (P = .004).High mesothelin expression was significantly associated with aggressive phenotypes and poor patient outcome in MSI-High colorectal adenocarcinoma.
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