1
|
Bátai B, Kiss L, Varga L, Nagy Á, Househam J, Baker AM, László T, Udvari A, Horváth R, Nagy T, Csomor J, Szakonyi J, Schneider T, Graham TA, Alpár D, Fitzgibbon J, Szepesi Á, Bödör C. Profiling of Copy Number Alterations Using Low-Coverage Whole-Genome Sequencing Informs Differential Diagnosis and Prognosis in Primary Cutaneous Follicle Center Lymphoma. Mod Pathol 2024; 37:100465. [PMID: 38460675 PMCID: PMC11092316 DOI: 10.1016/j.modpat.2024.100465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma (PCFCL) has an excellent prognosis using local treatment, whereas nodal follicular lymphoma (nFL), occasionally presenting with cutaneous spread, often requires systemic therapy. Distinction of the 2 diseases based on histopathology alone might be challenging. Copy number alterations (CNAs) have scarcely been explored on a genome-wide scale in PCFCL; however, they might serve as potential biomarkers during differential diagnosis and risk stratification. Low-coverage whole-genome sequencing is a robust, high-throughput method for genome-wide copy number profiling. In this study, we analyzed 28 PCFCL samples from 20 patients and compared the copy number profiles with a cohort of diagnostic samples of 64 nFL patients. Although the copy number profile of PCFCL was similar to that of nFL, PCFCL lacked amplifications of 18q, with the frequency peaking at 18q21.33 in nFL cases involving the BCL2 locus (PCFCL: 5.0% vs nFL: 31.3%, P = .018, Fisher exact test). Development of distant cutaneous spread was significantly associated with higher genomic instability including the proportion of genome altered (0.02 vs 0.13, P = .033) and number of CNAs (2 vs 9 P = .017), as well as the enrichment of 2p22.2-p15 amplification involving REL and XPO1 (6.3% vs 60.0%, P = .005), 3q23-q24 amplification (0.0% vs 50.0%, P = .004), 6q16.1-q23.3 deletion (6.3% vs 50.0%, P = .018), and 9p21.3 deletion covering CDKN2A and CDKN2B loci (0.0% vs 40.0%, P = .014, all Fisher exact test) in PCFCL. Analysis of sequential tumor samples in 2 cases harboring an unfavorable clinical course pointed to the acquisition of 2p amplification in the earliest common progenitor underlining its pivotal role in malignant transformation. By performing genome-wide copy number profiling on the largest patient cohort to date, we identified distinctive CNA alterations conceivably facilitating the differential diagnosis of PCFCL and secondary cutaneous involvement of nFL and potentially aiding the risk stratification of patients with PCFCL in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bence Bátai
- HCEMM-SU Molecular Oncohematology Research Group, Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Laura Kiss
- HCEMM-SU Molecular Oncohematology Research Group, Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Luca Varga
- HCEMM-SU Molecular Oncohematology Research Group, Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ákos Nagy
- HCEMM-SU Molecular Oncohematology Research Group, Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jacob Househam
- Genomics and Evolutionary Dynamics Team, Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute for Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ann-Marie Baker
- Genomics and Evolutionary Dynamics Team, Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute for Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tamás László
- HCEMM-SU Molecular Oncohematology Research Group, Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Udvari
- HCEMM-SU Molecular Oncohematology Research Group, Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Róbert Horváth
- HCEMM-SU Molecular Oncohematology Research Group, Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tibor Nagy
- HCEMM-SU Molecular Oncohematology Research Group, Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Judit Csomor
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - József Szakonyi
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Schneider
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Trevor A Graham
- Genomics and Evolutionary Dynamics Team, Centre for Evolution and Cancer, The Institute for Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Donát Alpár
- HCEMM-SU Molecular Oncohematology Research Group, Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jude Fitzgibbon
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ágota Szepesi
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Csaba Bödör
- HCEMM-SU Molecular Oncohematology Research Group, Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Akkari Y, Baughn LB, Kim A, Karaca E, Raca G, Shao L, Mikhail FM. Section E6.1-6.6 of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) Technical Laboratory Standards: Cytogenomic studies of acquired chromosomal abnormalities in neoplastic blood, bone marrow, and lymph nodes. Genet Med 2024; 26:101054. [PMID: 38349293 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2023.101054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Cytogenomic analyses of acquired clonal chromosomal abnormalities in neoplastic blood, bone marrow, and/or lymph nodes are instrumental in the clinical management of patients with hematologic neoplasms. Cytogenetic analyses assist in the diagnosis of such disorders and can provide important prognostic information. Furthermore, cytogenetic studies can provide crucial information regarding specific genetically defined subtypes of these neoplasms that may have targeted therapies. At time of relapse, cytogenetic analysis can confirm recurrence of the original neoplasm, detect clonal disease evolution, or uncover a new unrelated neoplastic process. This section deals specifically with the technical standards applicable to cytogenomic studies of acquired clonal chromosomal abnormalities in neoplastic blood, bone marrow, and/or lymph nodes. This updated Section E6.1-6.6 supersedes the previous Section E6 in Section E: Clinical Cytogenetics of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics Technical Standards for Clinical Genetics Laboratories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yassmine Akkari
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - Linda B Baughn
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Annette Kim
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Ender Karaca
- Department of Pathology, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Texas A&M School of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Dallas, TX
| | - Gordana Raca
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Lina Shao
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Fady M Mikhail
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Qin Y, Liu Y, Xiang X, Long X, Chen Z, Huang X, Yang J, Li W. Cuproptosis correlates with immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment based on pan-cancer multiomics and single-cell sequencing analysis. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:59. [PMID: 36959665 PMCID: PMC10037895 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01752-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that cuproptosis, a novel mode of cell death, may be associated with the development of cancer. However, no studies are showing its role in tumorigenesis, progression, and prognosis. In the present study, we comprehensively analyzed the expression difference, gene variation and methylation modification of cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) in pan-cancer. Then, Single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was used to calculate individual cuproptosis scores (CS). The association of CS with copy number variation, clinical features, immune-related genes, TMB, MSI, and tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) was comprehensively assessed. Single-cell transcriptome sequencing (scRNA-seq) to analyze the activation of cuproptosis in the tumor microenvironment. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to validate the expression of cuproptosis hub-gene. Our study shows that CRGs were significantly expressed in a variety of tumors, and CDKN2A had the highest mutation frequency (49%) in all tumors. A significant increase in the CS was observed in most cancers and were associated with poor prognosis in the majority of tumors. CS was significantly negatively correlated with tumor microenvironment scores in more than 10 tumors and positively correlated with PD-L1 in 11 tumors, suggesting involvement in tumor immune escape. scRNA-seq suggests that CRG scores significantly increased in the cancer cells. This study opens avenues for further research on the role of cuproptosis in the occurrence and development of cancer and the development of targeted therapies based on cuproptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Qin
- Department of Health Management, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Research center of Health Management, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanling Liu
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyun Xiang
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingqing Long
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuyuan Chen
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoliang Huang
- Division of Colorectal & Anal Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianrong Yang
- Department of Health Management, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Research center of Health Management, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Health Management, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region & Research center of Health Management, Guangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang Y, LeWitt TM, Louissaint A, Guitart J, Zhou XA, Choi J. Disease-Defining Molecular Features of Primary Cutaneous B-Cell Lymphomas: Implications for Classification and Treatment. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:189-196. [PMID: 36163302 PMCID: PMC10260375 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma-primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma; primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma; and primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell, leg type-is a heterogeneous group with a variety of clinical and histological presentations. Until recently, the molecular bases of these disease subtypes have been unclear. We and others have identified the specific genetic characteristics that distinguish these subtypes from their respective systemic counterparts. These molecular features can improve diagnoses, determine the likelihood of concurrent or future systemic disease, and enable the rational design of novel clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ilinois, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ilinois, USA
| | - Tessa M LeWitt
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ilinois, USA
| | - Abner Louissaint
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joan Guitart
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ilinois, USA
| | - Xiaolong Alan Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ilinois, USA
| | - Jaehyuk Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ilinois, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ilinois, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Goodlad JR, Cerroni L, Swerdlow SH. Recent advances in cutaneous lymphoma-implications for current and future classifications. Virchows Arch 2023; 482:281-298. [PMID: 36278991 PMCID: PMC9852132 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-022-03421-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The Revised European-American Classification of mature lymphoid neoplasms published in 1994 and the 2001, 2008 and 2016 WHO classifications that followed, were the product of international collaboration and consensus amongst haematopathologists, geneticists, molecular scientists and clinicians. Primary cutaneous lymphomas were fully incorporated into this process following the publication of the WHO-EORTC classification of cutaneous lymphomas in 2005. The definition, diagnostic criteria and recommended studies for primary cutaneous lymphoma continue to be refined. The 2022 International Consensus Classification represents the most recent update and an overview of all the main entities presenting primarily in the skin, together with the major changes in classification, are summarized herein. Primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma is segregated from other extranodal marginal zone lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma) and downgraded to a lymphoproliferative disorder in line with its markedly indolent behaviour. In addition, two subtypes are recognised, based largely but not exclusively on whether they are heavy chain class-switched or IgM positive. Similarly, in keeping with a trend to greater conservatism, primary cutaneous acral CD8 positive T cell lymphoma is now also classified as a lymphoproliferative disorder. In addition, significant new insights into the biology of primary cutaneous lymphoma have also recently been forthcoming and will be presented. These studies have enhanced our knowledge of genetic, epigenetic and transcriptional changes in this group of diseases. They not only identify potential targets for novel therapies, but also raise as yet unanswered questions as to how we categorise cutaneous lymphomas, particularly with respect to relationships with similar lymphomas at extracutaneous sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- JR Goodlad
- Department of Pathology, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Level 3 Laboratory Medicine Building Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, 1345 Govan Rd, Glasgow, G51 4TF UK
| | - L Cerroni
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - SH Swerdlow
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yenamandra AK, Smith RB, Senaratne TN, Kang SHL, Fink JM, Corboy G, Hodge CA, Lu X, Mathew S, Crocker S, Fang M. Evidence-based review of genomic aberrations in diffuse large B cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (DLBCL, NOS): Report from the cancer genomics consortium lymphoma working group. Cancer Genet 2022; 268-269:1-21. [PMID: 35970109 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2022.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Diffuse large B cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (DLBCL, NOS) is the most common type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). The 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) classification defined DLBCL, NOS and its subtypes based on clinical findings, morphology, immunophenotype, and genetics. However, even within the WHO subtypes, it is clear that additional clinical and genetic heterogeneity exists. Significant efforts have been focused on utilizing advanced genomic technologies to further subclassify DLBCL, NOS into clinically relevant subtypes. These efforts have led to the implementation of novel algorithms to support optimal risk-oriented therapy and improvement in the overall survival of DLBCL patients. We gathered an international group of experts to review the current literature on DLBCL, NOS, with respect to genomic aberrations and the role they may play in the diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic decisions. We comprehensively surveyed clinical laboratory directors/professionals about their genetic testing practices for DLBCL, NOS. The survey results indicated that a variety of diagnostic approaches were being utilized and that there was an overwhelming interest in further standardization of routine genetic testing along with the incorporation of new genetic testing modalities to help guide a precision medicine approach. Additionally, we present a comprehensive literature summary on the most clinically relevant genomic aberrations in DLBCL, NOS. Based upon the survey results and literature review, we propose a standardized, tiered testing approach which will help laboratories optimize genomic testing in order to provide the maximum information to guide patient care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashwini K Yenamandra
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37215, United States.
| | | | - T Niroshi Senaratne
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Sung-Hae L Kang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - James M Fink
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Gregory Corboy
- Haematology, Pathology Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia; Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Vic, Australia; Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - Casey A Hodge
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Barnes Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Xinyan Lu
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Susan Mathew
- Department of Pathology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Susan Crocker
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Min Fang
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center and University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Panel Sequencing of Primary Cutaneous B-Cell Lymphoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14215274. [DOI: 10.3390/cancers14215274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Primary cutaneous follicular B-cell lymphoma (PCFBCL) represents an indolent subtype of Non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas, being clinically characterized by slowly growing tumors of the skin and common cutaneous relapses, while only exhibiting a low propensity for systemic dissemination or fatal outcome. Up to now, only few studies have investigated underlying molecular alterations of PCFBCL with respect to somatic mutations. Objectives: Our aim was to gain deeper insight into the pathogenesis of PCFBCL and to delineate discriminatory molecular features of this lymphoma subtype. Methods: We performed hybridization-based panel sequencing of 40 lymphoma-associated genes of 10 cases of well-characterized PCFBCL. In addition, we included two further ambiguous cases of atypical B-cell-rich lymphoid infiltrate/B-cell lymphoma of the skin for which definite subtype attribution had not been possible by routine investigations. Results: In 10 out of 12 analyzed cases, we identified genetic alterations within 15 of the selected 40 target genes. The most frequently detected alterations in PCFBCL affected the TNFRSF14, CREBBP, STAT6 and TP53 genes. Our analysis unrevealed novel mutations of the BCL2 gene in PCFBCL. All patients exhibited an indolent clinical course. Both the included arbitrary cases of atypical B-cell-rich cutaneous infiltrates showed somatic mutations within the FAS gene. As these mutations have previously been designated as subtype-specific recurrent alterations in primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma (PCMZL), we finally favored the diagnosis of PCMZL in these two cases based on these molecular findings. Conclusions: To conclude, our molecular data support that PCFBCL shows distinct somatic mutations which may aid to differentiate PCFBCL from pseudo-lymphoma as well as from other indolent and aggressive cutaneous B-cell lymphomas. While the detected genetic alterations of PCFBCL did not turn out to harbor any prognostic value in our cohort, our molecular data may add adjunctive discriminatory features for diagnostic purposes on a molecular level.
Collapse
|
8
|
Oschlies I, Wehkamp U. Cutaneous B cell lymphomas: standards in diagnostic and clinical work‐up. Hints, pitfalls and recent advances. Histopathology 2021; 80:184-195. [DOI: 10.1111/his.14556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ilske Oschlies
- Department of Pathology, Hematopathology and Lymph node Registry University Hospitals Schleswig‐Holstein Christian‐Albrecht‐University Kiel Germany
| | - Ulrike Wehkamp
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology University Hospitals Schleswig‐Holstein Christian‐Albrecht‐University Kiel Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Genomic landscape of cutaneous follicular lymphomas reveals 2 subgroups with clinically predictive molecular features. Blood Adv 2021; 5:649-661. [PMID: 33560380 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020002469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary cutaneous follicle center lymphomas (PCFCLs) are indolent B-cell lymphomas that predominantly remain skin restricted and manageable with skin-directed therapy. Conversely, secondary cutaneous involvement by usual systemic follicular lymphoma (secondary cutaneous follicular lymphoma [SCFL]) has a worse prognosis and often necessitates systemic therapy. Unfortunately, no histopathologic or genetic features reliably differentiate PCFCL from SCFL at diagnosis. Imaging may miss low-burden internal disease in some cases of SCFLs, leading to misclassification as PCFCL. Whereas usual systemic FL is well characterized genetically, the genomic landscapes of PCFCL and SCFL are unknown. Herein, we analyzed clinicopathologic and immunophenotypic data from 30 cases of PCFCL and 10 of SCFL and performed whole-exome sequencing on 18 specimens of PCFCL and 6 of SCFL. During a median follow-up of 7 years, 26 (87%) of the PCFCLs remained skin restricted. In the remaining 4 cases, systemic disease developed within 3 years of diagnosis. Although the SCFLs universally expressed BCL2 and had BCL2 rearrangements, 73% of the PCFCLs lacked BCL2 expression, and only 8% of skin-restricted PCFCLs had BCL2 rearrangements. SCFLs showed low proliferation fractions, whereas 75% of PCFCLs had proliferation fractions >30%. Of the SCFLs, 67% had characteristic loss-of-function CREBBP or KMT2D mutations vs none in skin-restricted PCFCL. Both SCFL and skin-restricted PCFCL showed frequent TNFRSF14 loss-of-function mutations and copy number loss at chromosome 1p36. These data together establish PCFCL as a unique entity with biological features distinct from usual systemic FL and SCFL. We propose 3 criteria based on BCL2 rearrangement, chromatin-modifying gene mutations (CREBBP, KMT2D, EZH2, and EP300), and proliferation index to classify cutaneous FL specimens based on the likelihood of concurrent or future systemic spread.
Collapse
|
10
|
Liu X, Qian K, Lu G, Chen P, Zhang Y. Identification of genes and pathways involved in malignant pleural mesothelioma using bioinformatics methods. BMC Med Genomics 2021; 14:104. [PMID: 33849532 PMCID: PMC8045401 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-021-00954-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare tumor in the pleura. This study was carried out to identify key genes and pathways that may be involved in MPM. Methods Microarray datasets GSE51024 and GSE2549 were analyzed for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between normal and MPM tissues. The identified DEGs were subjected to functional analyses using bioinformatics tools. Results A total of 276 DEGs were identified, consisting of 187 downregulated and 79 upregulated genes. Gene ontology and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway enrichment analysis indicated that the DEGs were enriched in extracellular structure organization, extracellular matrix, and ECM−receptor interaction. Due to high degree of connectivity among 24 hub genes, EZH2 and HMMR are likely to play roles in the carcinogenesis and progression of MPM. The two genes were found over-expressed in MPM tissues. Patients with elevated EZH2 and HMMR expressions had poor overall survival. Conclusions EZH2 and HMMR are identified to be the hub genes for MPM and they may be further characterized to better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the carcinogenesis of MPM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingsheng Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Kun Qian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Gaojun Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Street, Beijing, 100053, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cutaneous Lymphomas — Part II: Other Cutaneous Lymphomas. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adengl.2020.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
12
|
Cutaneous Lymphomas -Part II: Other Cutaneous Lymphomas. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2020; 112:24-31. [PMID: 33045210 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2020.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas other than mycosis fungoides, Sézary syndrome, and lymphoproliferative CD30+ disorders are few, accounting for less than 5% of all cutaneous lymphomas. A cytotoxic phenotype is characteristic of these tumors, and their clinical behavior is usually aggressive. Patients often present with extracutaneous symptoms or develop them shortly after diagnosis. Management is usually multidisciplinary, and intensive systemic therapy and bone marrow transplantation should be considered. Cutaneous B-cell lymphomas account for approximately 30% of primary cutaneous lymphomas. They make up a heterogeneous group of tumors that have different clinical and pathological features. Clinical course also varies. Presenting as papules, nodules, or tumors of variable reddish-violaceous coloring, the lesions may be solitary or multiple and occasionally form clusters. There may also be generalized lesions, present at multiple sites on the trunk, head, or extremities. Three well-defined groups of primary cutaneous lymphoma have been reported: follicle center lymphoma; marginal zone lymphoma, which follows an indolent course; and a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg type, which follows an aggressive course.
Collapse
|
13
|
Barasch NJK, Liu YC, Ho J, Bailey N, Aggarwal N, Cook JR, Swerdlow SH. The molecular landscape and other distinctive features of primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma. Hum Pathol 2020; 106:93-105. [PMID: 33045225 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2020.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma (PCFCL) is distinguished from other follicular lymphomas (FLs) based on its clinicopathologic features including diminished CD10 and frequent lack of BCL2 rearrangements (R). Whether newer germinal center-associated markers would also be less commonly expressed and whether mutational studies would support its segregation from classic FL and FL subsets, including those which also typically lack BCL2R, are uncertain. To address these questions, 22 PCFCLs were stained for myocyte enhancer factor 2B (MEF2B) and human germinal center-associated lymphoma (HGAL), and targeted next-generation sequencing was performed with results compared to a meta-analysis of FL, pediatric-type FL (PTFL), low stage FL (LSFL) and other FL subsets. Selected fluorescence in situ hybridization studies were also performed. Although 27% of cases lacked CD10, all tested were MEF2B+ and HGAL+. The most common somatic mutations in the 12 to 19 analyzable PCFCL were TNFRSF14 (40%, plus 10% with 1p36 deletions), followed by CREBBP, TNFAIP3, KMT2D, SOCS1, EP300, STAT6, and FOXO1 (17-25%). Three of the most commonly mutated genes in FL (KMT2D, CREBBP, and BCL2) were significantly less commonly mutated in PCFCL than in FL, and TNFAIP was more commonly mutated with no difference for TNFRSF14 between PCFCL and FL or PTFL. CREBBP was also less frequently mutated than in LSFL but more frequently mutated than in PTFL. MAP2K1 mutations were much more common in PTFL (44% versus 0%). Two of 22 of the PCFCL had a BCL2 rearrangement and zero of 12 had a BCL6 rearrangement. These findings, while showing well-recognized and new shared features between PCFCL and other FL, highlight a distinctive mutational profile further supporting its recognition as a distinct entity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J K Barasch
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology, UPMC, Hill Building, Suite 300, 3477 Euler Way, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - Yen-Chun Liu
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC, Hill Building, Room 359, 3477 Euler Way, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - Jonhan Ho
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Medical Arts Building, 3708 5th Avenue, Suite 500.94, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - Nathanael Bailey
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC, Hill Building, Room 359, 3477 Euler Way, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - Nidhi Aggarwal
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC, Hill Building, Room 359, 3477 Euler Way, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - James R Cook
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Robert J. Tomsich Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Mail Code L11, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
| | - Steven H Swerdlow
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC, Hill Building, Room 359, 3477 Euler Way, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Rodríguez-Pinilla SM, Santonja C, Stewart P, Carvajal N, McCafferty N, Manso R, Meizoso T, Caro Gutiérrez MD, Piris MÁ, González de Castro D. Indolent clinical behaviour of primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg type, with double MYC and BCL6 gene rearrangement. Br J Haematol 2020; 191:e83-e86. [PMID: 32780869 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlos Santonja
- Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz (FJD), Madrid, Spain
| | - Peter Stewart
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Nerea Carvajal
- Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz (FJD), Madrid, Spain
| | - Neil McCafferty
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Rebeca Manso
- Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz (FJD), Madrid, Spain
| | - Telma Meizoso
- Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario de Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Miguel Ángel Piris
- Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz (FJD), Madrid, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Carbone A, Roulland S, Gloghini A, Younes A, von Keudell G, López-Guillermo A, Fitzgibbon J. Follicular lymphoma. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2019; 5:83. [PMID: 31831752 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-019-0132-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Follicular lymphoma (FL) is a systemic neoplasm of the lymphoid tissue displaying germinal centre (GC) B cell differentiation. FL represents ~5% of all haematological neoplasms and ~20-25% of all new non-Hodgkin lymphoma diagnoses in western countries. Tumorigenesis starts in precursor B cells and becomes full-blown tumour when the cells reach the GC maturation step. FL is preceded by an asymptomatic preclinical phase in which premalignant B cells carrying a t(14;18) chromosomal translocation accumulate additional genetic alterations, although not all of these cells progress to the tumour phase. FL is an indolent lymphoma with largely favourable outcomes, although a fraction of patients is at risk of disease progression and adverse outcomes. Outcomes for FL in the rituximab era are encouraging, with ~80% of patients having an overall survival of >10 years. Patients with relapsed FL have a wide range of treatment options, including several chemoimmunotherapy regimens, phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitors, and lenalidomide plus rituximab. Promising new treatment approaches include epigenetic therapeutics and immune approaches such as chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy. The identification of patients at high risk who require alternative therapies to the current standard of care is a growing need that will help direct clinical trial research. This Primer discusses the epidemiology of FL, its molecular and cellular pathogenesis and its diagnosis, classification and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Carbone
- Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano IRCCS, Aviano, Italy.
| | - Sandrine Roulland
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM, Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Annunziata Gloghini
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Anas Younes
- Lymphoma Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Jude Fitzgibbon
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Oschlies I, King RL, Dotlic S, Montes-Moreno S, Ponzoni M, Traverse-Glehen A, Calaminici M, Ferry JA, Ott G, Goodlad JR. The clinico-pathological spectrum of primary cutaneous lymphoma other than mycosis fungoides/Sezary syndrome. Virchows Arch 2019; 476:683-699. [DOI: 10.1007/s00428-019-02713-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
17
|
Cortés-Gutiérrez EI, García-Vielma C, Dávila-Rodríguez MI, Sánchez-Dávila H, Fernández JL, Gosálvez J. 1p36 is a chromosomal site of genomic instability in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Biotech Histochem 2019; 95:137-144. [DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2019.1652344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - C. García-Vielma
- Department of Genetics, Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Monterrey, México
| | - M. I. Dávila-Rodríguez
- Department of Genetics, Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Monterrey, México
| | - H. Sánchez-Dávila
- High Specialty Medical Unit No. 23. Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. Ignacio Morones Prieto of Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social
| | - J. L. Fernández
- Genetics Unit, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña-INIBIC, La Coruña, Spain
| | - J. Gosálvez
- Department of Biology, Genetic Unit, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
Somatic mutations in cancer cells may influence tumor growth, survival, or immune interactions in their microenvironment. The tumor necrosis factor receptor family member HVEM (TNFRSF14) is frequently mutated in cancers and has been attributed a tumor suppressive role in some cancer contexts. HVEM functions both as a ligand for the lymphocyte checkpoint proteins BTLA and CD160, and as a receptor that activates NF-κB signaling pathways in response to BTLA and CD160 and the TNF ligands LIGHT and LTα. BTLA functions to inhibit lymphocyte activation, but has also been ascribed a role in stimulating cell survival. CD160 functions to co-stimulate lymphocyte function, but has also been shown to activate inhibitory signaling in CD4+ T cells. Thus, the role of HVEM within diverse cancers and in regulating the immune responses to these tumors is likely context specific. Additionally, development of therapeutics that target proteins within this network of interacting proteins will require a deeper understanding of how these proteins function in a cancer-specific manner. However, the prominent role of the HVEM network in anti-cancer immune responses indicates a promising area for drug development.
Collapse
|