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Husen M, Engrav SK, Saul D, Stuart MJ, Milbrandt TA, Levy BA, Krych AJ, Saris DB. Differences in Trampoline-Related Knee Injuries Between Children and Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. Orthop J Sports Med 2023; 11:23259671231209666. [PMID: 37954864 PMCID: PMC10637177 DOI: 10.1177/23259671231209666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Little is known about the specific risk of knee injuries due to trampoline accidents in adults compared with children. Purpose To investigate the differences in trampoline-related knee injuries between children and adults and identify risk factors and protective strategies to reduce injury incidence. Study Design Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods Data on 229 consecutive patients treated for trampoline-related knee injuries in a single institution were prospectively collected, analyzed, and included. Risk factors, injury patterns, and clinical treatments were compared between skeletally immature and skeletally mature patients. Logistic regression was used to determine the odds ratios for specific risk factors for trampoline-related injuries-including body mass index (BMI), trauma mechanism, patient age, and accident location. Results A total of 229 patients met the inclusion criteria; 118 (52%) patients (women, 54.2%; mean age, 8.5 ± 4.1 years) were skeletally immature at the time of injury, and 111 (48%) patients (women, 72%; mean age, 31.9 ± 13.1 years) had closed physes on initial presentation and were classified as skeletally mature. A total of 63 patients (28%) required surgical treatment for their knee injury. Overall, 50 anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears, 46 fractures, 39 meniscal tears, 31 ligamentous tears other than ACL, 22 patellar dislocations, and 38 soft tissue injuries, such as lacerations, were recorded. Skeletally mature patients had 7.8 times higher odds (95% CI, 1.6-46.8; P < .05) and 19.1 increased odds (95% CI, 5.5-74.9; P < .05) of an ACL tear or another ligamentous tear, respectively, compared with skeletally immature patients. Patients who described instability and giving way of the knee as relevant trauma mechanisms had odds of 3.11 (95% CI, 0.9-14.8; P < .05) of an ACL tear compared with other trauma mechanisms. Meniscal tears were observed more frequently in the skeletally mature cohort (P < .05). An elevated BMI was associated with a significantly higher relative risk of an ACL tear, a ligamentous tear other than the ACL, and an injury requiring surgery. A third of surgically treated patients were subject to a delayed diagnosis. Conclusion Adults had a significantly increased risk of ligamentous and meniscal tears and required operative intervention more often than skeletally immature individuals. Elevated BMI, age, and instability events in terms of trauma mechanism conveyed an increased risk of structural damage to the knee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Husen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Samantha K. Engrav
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Dominik Saul
- Kogod Center on Aging and Division of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Michael J. Stuart
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Todd A. Milbrandt
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Bruce A. Levy
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Aaron J. Krych
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Daniël B.F. Saris
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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Eager D, Zhou S, Barker R, Catchpoole J, Sharwood LN. A Public Health Review into Two Decades of Domestic Trampoline Injuries in Children within Queensland, Australia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1742. [PMID: 36767107 PMCID: PMC9914378 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Trampolining as an activity brings enjoyment and many health benefits, but at the same time it carries an injury risk. Most domestic trampoline users are children who are developing in skill, cognition, risk perception, physical strength and resilience to injury. Several common patterns of child trampoline injuries have been identified and countermeasures outlined in standards have been taken to reduce higher risk injury mechanisms, such as entrapment and falls from the trampoline through design, product and point of sale labelling. In Australia, the first national trampoline standard was published in 2003 which introduced improvements in trampoline design and requirements for labelling and padding. This work investigated the potential impact of these and subsequent changes based on almost two decades of emergency department trampoline injury data collected in Queensland, Australia. These data describe the changing representative proportion and pattern of trampoline injuries in Queensland over time by age, mechanism, gender, severity and nature of injury of injured persons up to the age of 14 years. The interrelationships between different injury characteristics were also analysed to propose the main factors influencing injury occurrence and severity. These findings seem to indicate that safety evolution in the form of enclosure nets, frame impact attenuation and entrapment protection have likely improved domestic trampoline safety. Other factors, such as adult supervision, minimum age and avoidance of multiple users, could further reduce injury but are harder to influence in the domestic setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Eager
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2007, Australia
| | - Shilei Zhou
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2007, Australia
| | - Ruth Barker
- Queensland Injury Surveillance Unit, Jamieson Trauma Institute, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Herston 4029, Australia
| | - Jesani Catchpoole
- Queensland Injury Surveillance Unit, Jamieson Trauma Institute, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Herston 4029, Australia
| | - Lisa N. Sharwood
- Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney 2007, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2032, Australia
- Translational Health Collective, Kolling Institute, Clinical School Northern, University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
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Runtz A, Nallet J, Font V, Anriot M, Pechin C, Langlais J, de Billy B. Trampoline injuries in children: A prospective study. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2022; 108:103289. [PMID: 35470113 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2022.103289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trampolining is popular and widely practiced among children. A literature review has shown a rise in the incidence of trampoline injuries with a concomitant increase in paediatric emergency department visits. The primary objective of this study was to describe the severity of trampoline injuries in children. The secondary objectives were to assess the epidemiology of the study population and injuries and to describe the treatments. HYPOTHESIS We hypothesized that over 10% of trampoline injuries were severe. MATERIAL AND METHODS We prospectively evaluated consecutive patients seen for surgical conditions at our paediatric emergency department over a 10-month period. Among them, 103 (1.2% of visits) aged 4 months to 16 years (mean, 8 years) had trampoline injuries. We classified trampoline injuries as severe if they required general anaesthesia. RESULTS Severe injuries accounted for 16.5% of all trampoline injuries. The upper limb was predominantly affected (70.6% of cases). Overall, 66.7% of fractures were at the upper limb and 76% of contusions at the lower limb. The predominant fracture sites were the supra-condylar humerus (15.3%) and distal radius (15.3%). Among patients with non-severe injuries, four-fifths left the emergency department with a temporary immobilisation system. DISCUSSION The proportion of severe injuries was slightly higher in our study than in earlier reports. Trampoline injuries remain uncommon but can be severe. Thus, in our study over one-sixth of patients required surgery under general anaesthesia. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV, prospective descriptive epidemiological study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Runtz
- Service de chirurgie pédiatrique, CHU Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France.
| | - Jérémie Nallet
- Service de chirurgie pédiatrique, CHU Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Victor Font
- Service de chirurgie pédiatrique, CHU Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Mathilde Anriot
- Service de chirurgie pédiatrique, CHU Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Caroline Pechin
- Service de chirurgie pédiatrique, CHU Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Jean Langlais
- Service de chirurgie pédiatrique, CHU Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France
| | - Benoît de Billy
- Service de chirurgie pédiatrique, CHU Besançon, 25000 Besançon, France
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Nunez C, Eslick GD, Elliott EJ. Trampoline centre injuries in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Inj Prev 2022; 28:440-445. [PMID: 35697515 DOI: 10.1136/injuryprev-2022-044530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT No evidence-based review has compared injury risks sustained on trampolines at home and in trampoline centres. OBJECTIVE To present pooled results for injury type, site and treatment from studies reporting injuries that occurred on trampolines at home and in trampoline centres. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE, Scopus, Google Scholar and Embase databases were searched to 31 December 2021. STUDY SELECTION Inclusion criteria: (1) assessment of trampoline injuries (home and trampoline centres); (2) children and adolescents; (3) the point estimate was reported as an odds ratio (OR); and (4) an internal comparison was used. DATA EXTRACTION Data were reported according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A random-effects model was used to estimate effect. RESULTS There were 1 386 843 injuries (n=11 studies). There was an increased likelihood of musculoskeletal and/or orthopaedic injuries (OR 2.45, 95% CI 1.66 to 3.61, p<0.001), lower extremity injury (OR 2.81, 95% CI 1.99 to 3.97, p<0.001), sprains (OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.36 to 1.97, p<0.001) and a need for surgery (OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.37 to 2.60, p<0.001) at trampoline centres compared with home trampolines. Conversely, upper extremity injury (OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.25 to 0.95, p=0.03), concussion (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.35 to 0.65, p<0.001) and lacerations (OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.35 to 0.59, p<0.001) were less likely to occur at trampoline centres than at home. CONCLUSIONS Children using trampoline centres are more likely to suffer severe trauma and require surgical intervention than children using home trampolines. Development and implementation of preventative strategies, public awareness, and mandatory safety standards are urgently required for trampoline centres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Nunez
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia .,The Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit, The Sydney Children's Hospital Network (Westmead), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Guy D Eslick
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,The Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit, The Sydney Children's Hospital Network (Westmead), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Elizabeth J Elliott
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,The Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit, The Sydney Children's Hospital Network (Westmead), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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De Coninck S, Steen E, Verbanck L, De Paepe P. An observational study of trampoline injuries admitted to a Belgian University emergency department between 2011 and 2016. Acta Chir Belg 2021; 121:394-397. [PMID: 32644010 DOI: 10.1080/00015458.2020.1794339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trampoline injuries are a cause for concern and data from different countries indicate that these are increasing. The aim of this study was to collect data in a Belgian University Hospital emergency department. METHODS Medical files of patients admitted with a trampoline-related injury between 1st July 2011 and 30th June 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS One hundred and sixty patients, aged between 2 and 64 years old and predominantly males (57%), were admitted most frequently during the months March until September. An increase was observed during the years 2013-2014. Most injuries (76%) occurred during activity on the trampoline. Fractures occurred in 40% of the patients with the extremities most frequently involved. An X-ray examination and a CT scan was performed in 82 and 3% of the cases, respectively. Surgery was carried out in 12% of the patients. 9% of the patients had to be admitted to hospital. CONCLUSIONS Trampoline injuries are increasingly observed in the emergency department. These injuries are important and further research on the circumstances and causes for the accidents is needed. Preventive measures, as proposed in the literature, should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven De Coninck
- Department of Emergency Medicine at the Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Evi Steen
- Department of Emergency Medicine at the Jan Yperman Hospital, Ieper, Belgium
| | - Luc Verbanck
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine at the Jan Yperman Hospital, Ieper, Belgium
| | - Peter De Paepe
- Department of Emergency Medicine at the Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION It is well known that trampolines can be a particular source of danger, especially in children. We sought to examine the profile of those patients with trampoline injuries. We hypothesized there would be certain injury patterns predicative of trampoline injuries. METHODS All patients submitted to Pennsylvania Trauma Outcome Study database from 2016 to 2018 were analyzed. Trampoline injury was determined by ICD-10 activity code. Injury patterns in the form of abbreviated injury scale body regions were examined. Patient demographics and clinical variables were compared between those with trampoline injury vs those without. RESULTS There were 107 patients with a trampoline injury. All of these patients were discharged alive and had a blunt mechanism of injury. The most common injury type was injury to the extremities (n=90,[84.1%]) with 54(50.5%) upper extremity injuries and 36(33.6%) lower extremity injuries. Ten (9.35%) patients had injury to the spine and five (4.67%) had head injury. Those with trampoline injuries were significantly younger (13y vs. 48.6y) and more likely to be white or of Hispanic ethnicity. Almost half of the patients injured (49.5%) were under 10 years. Patients with trampoline injuries had significantly lower Injury Severity Scores and significantly higher shock index. DISCUSSION The majority of patients with trampoline injuries had injury to an extremity. These results help better understand the demographic, physiologic, and anatomic patterns surrounding trampoline injuries. Current government standards recommend that no child under age six should use a full-sized trampoline; however, based of this study, we advise that this age be increased to ten.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan C Sullivan
- 6556Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Madison E Morgan
- 6556Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Eric Bradburn
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, 209639Penn Medicine Lancaster General Health, Lancaster, PA, USA
| | - Lindsey L Perea
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, 209639Penn Medicine Lancaster General Health, Lancaster, PA, USA
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Williams BA, Harwood K, Markiewitz N, Malige A, Baldwin KD, Wells L. Seasonal variability and age-related risk in youth trampoline injuries. Pediatr Int 2021; 63:1230-1235. [PMID: 33567121 DOI: 10.1111/ped.14652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this work was to estimate the difference in severity between musculoskeletal trampoline park injuries (TPIs) and home trampoline injuries (HTI) and identify the factors that might mediate or modify that effect. METHODS The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System database was used to identify musculoskeletal home trampoline injuries and TPIs in pediatric patients occurring in the 2009-2017 period. Injury mechanism and body region were inductively coded. The effect of TPI on risk of admission was estimated using a doubly robust logistic regression model for confounding adjustment. Adjustments were made for date, age, gender, injury mechanism, and body region. The comparative importance of injury mechanism and location and the effect modification of patient characteristics was explored using likelihood ratio tests. RESULTS Trampoline park injuries were more likely to result in admission even in the model adjusted for injury mechanism and body region (odds ratio (OR) = 2.12 [1.30, 3.45]). Injuries sustained from falling off the trampoline were associated with significantly fewer hospitalizations (OR = 0.119 [0.029, 0.495]) than injuries from falling while on the trampoline. Patient age significantly modified the effect of setting on risk of admission (P = 0.042). Adolescents demonstrated an increased risk at trampoline parks (15 years old OR = 3.23 [1.38, 7.56]), whereas younger children demonstrated a marginally lower risk (5 years old OR = 0.77 [0.44, 1.35]). CONCLUSIONS Trampoline park musculoskeletal injuries demonstrate an increased risk of admission even after rigorous adjustment for confounding. Injuries to the proximal limbs were associated with a much higher risk of admission than distal injuries. Adolescents face an increased risk of admission after TPI, underscoring the importance of public health interventions that target this age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan A Williams
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kathleen Harwood
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nathan Markiewitz
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ajith Malige
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Keith D Baldwin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lawrence Wells
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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8
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Lee G, Kim DK, Park JW, Kwak YH, Jung JY. Trampoline-related injuries in children: a nationwide cross-sectional study in South Korea. Clin Exp Emerg Med 2020; 7:190-196. [PMID: 33028062 PMCID: PMC7550808 DOI: 10.15441/ceem.19.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Trampoline-related injuries have increased in South Korea. However, little research has been conducted on this topic. This study aimed to show the characteristics of pediatric trampoline-related injuries in South Korea and to investigate the factors associated with admission. Methods A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted using data from South Korea’s Emergency Department-based Injury In-depth Surveillance registry for dates between January 2011 and December 2016. All patients under 18 years of age with trampoline-related injuries were included. We divided the patients into two groups based on whether they were admitted or discharged. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated to evaluate the factors associated with hospital admission for pediatric trampoline-related injuries. Results A total of 2,745 patients were enrolled and the incidence increased over time (P for trend<0.01). The most common injury site was the lower extremity (45%). Fracture was the most frequent diagnosis (34.3%). Compared to the discharge group, the adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for hospital admission were 3.53 (1.73–7.17) for the teenage group, 2.62 (1.82–3.77) for upper extremity injuries, 18.48 (7.95–42.95) for fractures, 2.28 (1.35–3.86) for falls, and 2.04 (1.15–3.60) for collisions. Conclusion Trampoline-related injuries in children have increased over time in South Korea. Most occur in children under the age of 12 years, but children between the ages of 13 and 18 years are at a higher risk for hospitalization. Also, injuries of the upper extremity, fracture, falling, and collision are risk factors for admission. Preventive strategies are needed to reduce trampoline-related injuries in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geonmoo Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do Kyun Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joong Wan Park
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Ho Kwak
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Yun Jung
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Muljadi JA, Chaijenkij K, Arirachakaran A, Kongtharvonskul J. Comparative surgical risk between type of trampoline (size and place) and type of patients (age and sex) in trampoline related injury: a systematic review and indirect meta-analysis. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2020; 12:37. [PMID: 32647583 PMCID: PMC7336655 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-020-00185-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Despite its high risk of injury, many people are still favor trampolining. However, currently there is no consensus as to which type of trampoline and which type of participant is more likely to have a trampoline related injury that will require surgical management. Methods This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to assess and compare the factors that cause trampoline injuries requiring surgical treatment. These include the place of the trampoline (park versus home), size of the trampoline (full versus mini), the age of the participant (child versus adult) and the sex of the participant (male versus female). The clinical outcomes measured are surgical management after trampoline injury. This systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. Results Relevant studies that reported surgery after trampoline injury of either group were identified from Medline and Scopus from inception to May 14, 2019. Sixteen studies were included for the analysis of surgery after trampoline injury; a total of 4491 and 1121 patients were treated conservatively and surgically. The total surgery rate per patient was 31% (95% CI: 16, 46%) in all patients. The surgery rate was 0.3 (95% CI: 0.03, 0.58) and 0.06 (95% CI: 0.04, 0.09) in the full and mini size trampoline groups. There were 0.36 (95% CI: 0.06, 0.67) and 0.11 (95% CI: 0.0, 0.22) in the park and home trampoline groups. The surgery rates were 0.33 (95% CI: 0.14, 0.53), 0.24 (95% CI: 0.07, 0.11), 0.49 (95% CI: 0.47, 0.51) and 0.38 (95% CI: 0.22, 0.53) in children, adults, females and males respectively. Indirect meta-analysis shows that full size trampolines provided a 6.0 times higher risk of surgery (95% CI: 3.7, 9.7) when compared to mini size trampolines. Park trampolines had a higher risk of surgery of 2.17 (95% CI: 1.70, 2.78) when compared to home trampolines. In terms of age and sex of participants, there value was significantly higher at 1.65 (95% CI: 1.35, 2.01) and 1.54 (95% CI: 1.36, 1.74) in children compared to adults and females compared to males. From all the statistical data we summarized that the full size trampoline injuries have a 6 times higher risk of requiring surgery when compared to mini size trampoline injuries. Park trampoline use carries a 2 times higher risk of requiring surgery when compared to home trampoline use. In terms of age and sex of the participant, there is a 1.5 times significantly higher risk of injury in children compared to adults, and females when compared to males. Conclusion In trampoline related injuries, full size, park trampoline, children and females had higher surgery rates when compared to mini size, home trampoline, adult and male majority in indirect meta-analysis methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kornkit Chaijenkij
- Orthopedic department, College of Sports Science and Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Jatupon Kongtharvonskul
- Section for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital and Orthopedic department, Payathai3 Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
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Jääskelä M, Kuivalainen L, Victorzon S, Serlo W, Lempainen L, Sinikumpu JJ. Trampoline-related proximal tibia impaction fractures in children: a population-based approach to epidemiology and radiographic findings between 2006 and 2017. J Child Orthop 2020; 14:125-131. [PMID: 32351625 PMCID: PMC7184643 DOI: 10.1302/1863-2548.14.190177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Proximal tibia impaction fractures are specific injuries, usually caused by trampolining. They may associate with later growth disturbances. There is sparse understanding about their recent epidemiology, in particular the changing incidence. Their typical radiographic findings are not completely known. METHODS All children, aged < 16 years, who had suffered from proximal tibia fracture in Oulu Arc and Oulu between 2006 and 2017 were enrolled (n = 101). Their annual incidence was determined using the official population-at-risk, obtained from the Statistics Finland. The specific characteristics and risk factors of the patients and their fractures were evaluated. Radiographic findings were analyzed, in particular the anterior tilting of the proximal growth plate, due to impaction. RESULTS The annual incidence increased two-fold from 9.5 per 100 000 children (2006 to 2009) to 22.0 per 100 000 (2014 to 2017) (difference: 12.5; 95% confidence interval 5.1 to 20.3 per 100 000; p = 0.0008). The mean annual incidence of trampoline impaction leg fractures was 15.4 per 100 000 children. In 80% of the cases multiple children had been jumping together on the trampoline. Anterior tilting (mean 7.3°, SD 2.5°, 6.1° to 19.1°) ) of the proximal tibial plate was seen in 68.3% of the patients. Satisfactory bone union was found in 92.7% during follow-up. Isolated patients presented delayed bone healing. CONCLUSION The incidence of trampoline leg fractures has increased 130% during the 12 years of the study period. Many of these injuries could have been prevented by avoiding having several jumpers on the trampoline at the same time. Anterior tilting of the growth plate was a common finding and should be recognized in the primary radiographs. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maija Jääskelä
- Department of Children and Adolescents, Pediatric Surgery and Orthopaedics, Oulu University Hospital and PEDEGO research group, MRC Oulu, Oulu University, Oulu, Finland
| | - Laura Kuivalainen
- Department of Children and Adolescents, Pediatric Surgery and Orthopaedics, Oulu University Hospital and PEDEGO research group, MRC Oulu, Oulu University, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Willy Serlo
- Department of Children and Adolescents, Pediatric Surgery and Orthopaedics, Oulu University Hospital and PEDEGO research group, MRC Oulu, Oulu University, Oulu, Finland
| | - Lasse Lempainen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital Mehiläinen NEO, Turku, Finland
| | - Juha-Jaakko Sinikumpu
- Department of Children and Adolescents, Pediatric Surgery and Orthopaedics, Oulu University Hospital and PEDEGO research group, MRC Oulu, Oulu University, Oulu, Finland,Correspondence should be sent to Juha-Jaakko Sinikumpu, Department of Children and Adolescents, Oulu University Hospital, PoB 23, 90029 OYS, Oulu, Finland. E-mail:
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11
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Chambers G, Holton C, Kraft JK. Radiological trends in trampoline-related paediatric injuries in a major paediatric trauma centre: a 6-year experience. J Public Health (Oxf) 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10389-019-01164-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
Review of visits to the radiology department related to trampoline injuries in a major trauma centre in the UK over a 6-year period, and analysis of imaging performed, injury type, and seasonal trends in children under 18 years of age.
Subject and methods
Retrospective review of the Radiology Information System (RIS) for requests and reports between January 2012 and December 2017 containing the search term “tramp*” with an age of < 18 years.
Results
A total of 1794 children (44% male, mean age 8.15) visited the radiology department 1871 times and received 2343 separate radiographic examinations, ten ultrasound examinations, 20 CT examinations, 19 MR examinations and two nuclear medicine examinations. Seven hundred and eighty-eight children (45.9% male) had injury demonstrated on radiographs (622 fractures and 183 soft-tissue injuries) during 796 visits to radiology. Positive CT, MRI, and US were seen in 55%, 47.3%, and 50% of cases respectively. Children under 7 years of age are more likely to have been injured compared to older children attending for X-rays, with the proportion of injuries seen in 6-year-old children being the highest (63.7%). Trampoline injury-related X-ray requests to radiology rose from 1.7% to 4% per year as a percentage of overall X-ray requests from the emergency department.
Conclusion
Trampoline injury-related visits to the radiology department and the number of injuries demonstrated on imaging studies have increased over the study period, putting greater pressure on the healthcare system. Younger children are especially prone to injury. Public health campaigns and mandatory national safety standards are needed to increase awareness of potential dangers of recreational trampoline use.
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12
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Buckle fracture of the proximal tibia in children and frequency of association with trampoline and inflatable bouncer use. Pediatr Radiol 2019; 49:1327-1334. [PMID: 31218392 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-019-04450-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proximal tibial buckle fractures are often called "trampoline fractures," but mechanisms are more varied. OBJECTIVE To assess the frequency of trampoline or bouncer etiology among children with buckle fracture of the proximal tibia, characterizing demographics, alternative etiologies, and fracture patterns. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed retrospective chart review of mechanisms, age and gender of children with radiographs interpreted as proximal tibial buckle fracture between 2010 and 2016. Two pediatric radiologists assessed presence of cortical impaction, cortical break, increased anterior scoop deformity, and oblique extension of fracture toward the physis. We studied the associations among demographics, etiology and fracture appearance using analysis of variance and chi-square/Fisher exact tests. RESULTS We identified 145 exams interpreted as proximal tibial buckle fracture (median age 34 months, 64% girls). Bouncing surface was the most common mechanism (44%), and 80% of those cases reported multiple people on the bouncing surface. Falls were the second most common mechanism (30%). Children injured while bouncing were older (median 41 months) than others (median 21 months, P<0.005) and more likely to have oblique extension of fracture toward the physis (P<0.05). Buckle deformity was associated with a younger age (F=8.67; P<0.01), while oblique extension to the physis and concurrent fibula fracture were associated with older age (F=18.62, P<0.001; and F=8.02, P<0.01, respectively). CONCLUSION Trampoline use was the most common single mechanism of injury in children with proximal tibial fracture interpreted as buckle deformity. However, non-bouncing mechanisms were overall more common and occurred in a younger age group at risk for "toddler fractures."
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13
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Trampoline injuries compared with other child activities. Arch Pediatr 2019; 26:282-284. [PMID: 31281041 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2019.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Trampolines are responsible for specific injuries. We examined the severity of these injuries in children compared with those occurring in other activities. Our primary goal was to compare the injury severity between trampolining and other activities. Our secondary goal was to evaluate risk factors for severity in order to establish preventative measures and, third, to evaluate the increased prevalence of these injuries in our hospital from 2008 to 2016. MATERIAL AND METHODS Our study was a retrospective, comparative, descriptive, and epidemiological research. Children aged 2-15 years admitted to our traumatology emergency services between June and October 2016 were included in the study. Non-sport-related injuries were excluded. Serious injuries were classified as fractures and admissions to the operating room. RESULTS In total, 1106 children were admitted including 107 trampoline accidents. The fracture rate was similar in the two groups: 34 (31.78%) vs. 309 (30.93%), OR=1.039, 95% CI [0.65, 1.62] P=0.91. Surgical treatments were more frequent in the trampoline group: 4 (3.74%) vs. 18 (1.80%) OR=2.114, 95% CI [0.51, 6.58] P=0.156. Several people jumping simultaneously on the trampoline was a risk factor (OR=1.56, 95% CI [1.0908, 2.308], P=0.018). Parental supervision was a protective factor (OR=0.271, 95% CI [0.08, 0.80], P=0.023). Trampolining accidents were 9.7 times more common in our center in 2016 compared with 2008. DISCUSSION To our knowledge, no study has compared trampoline injuries with those stemming from other activities. Awareness campaigns are needed as well as information from sellers, who have to be trained. CONCLUSION Surgical treatments are twice as likely in trampoline accidents. Prevention is simple: Children should be alone on the trampoline and supervised by an adult.
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Singh S, Coriolano K, Davidson J, Cashin M, Carey T, Bartley D. Evaluation of primary caregivers' perceptions on home trampoline use. Prev Med Rep 2018; 10:82-86. [PMID: 29560303 PMCID: PMC5857722 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2018.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Trampolines are widely used by children, but trampoline injuries can be severe and may require hospital care or even surgery. This pilot study examined the effectiveness of an educational intervention on caregivers' perceptions of trampoline use and safety for their children. Primary caregivers were recruited from the orthopedic clinic at the Children's Hospital at our institution in 2015. Caregivers were asked to complete a survey at two time points, initially in clinic and one week post educational intervention. The educational intervention was a pamphlet outlining trampoline safety data. Data analysis occurred in 2016. From the 100 primary caregivers recruited, 39 caregivers owned a trampoline, and 10 had presented to the emergency department with their child for an injury related to trampoline use. After educational intervention, caregivers had higher rating of perceived danger associated with trampolines (6/10 vs. 8/10, p < 0.001). Additionally, a greater number of caregivers were more knowledgeable on the safe age of trampoline use (56% vs. 91%, p < 0.001) and safe number of jumpers (45% vs. 86%, p < 0.001). Finally, there was a 29% increase in the proportion of caregivers who at least agreed that trampolines are dangerous (pre: 44% vs. post: 73%, p < 0.001), however 50% of caregivers would still allow their child to use a trampoline. Overall, the results of this study show that a simple educational intervention can help to increase knowledge around safe trampoline practices and increase awareness of injury. Further, this study can act as initial evidence for future studies to implement this type of intervention long-term. Rating of perceived danger of trampolines increased after educational intervention. Educational intervention improved knowledge of safe trampoline practices. Caregivers are receptive to recommendations against trampoline use from physicians. Two-thirds agreed that trampolines are dangerous after educational intervention. After education half of caregivers would still allow their child to use trampolines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Singh
- Division of General Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kamary Coriolano
- Division of Paediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jacob Davidson
- Division of Paediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Megan Cashin
- Division of Paediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Timothy Carey
- Division of Paediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Debra Bartley
- Division of Paediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
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Choi ES, Hong JH, Sim JA. Distinct features of trampoline-related orthopedic injuries in children aged under 6 years. Injury 2018; 49:443-446. [PMID: 29273293 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2017.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Concern has been growing about trampoline-related injuries among young children. Several published policy statements have repeatedly recommended that children younger than 6 years should not use trampolines. However, few studies have investigated the injuries caused by trampoline-related accidents among young children. This study aimed to identify the distinct features of trampoline-related orthopedic injuries in children younger than 6 years. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of pediatric patients aged between 0 and 16 years who visited our regional emergency center due to trampoline-related orthopedic injuries between 2012 and 2015. Patients were divided into two groups: a preschool group (younger than 6 years) and a school group (older than 6 years). We compared the features of the injuries in the two groups. RESULTS Among 208 patients, 108 (52%) were male and 100 (48%) were female. The mean age was 5.4 years. The preschool group accounted for 66%. There were no seasonal variations. Fractures were sustained in 96 patients (46%). The anatomical locations of injuries differed significantly between the two age groups. Proximal tibia fractures were more frequent in the preschool group than the school group (34% and 6%, respectively). Distal tibia fractures were more prevalent in the school group than the preschool group (44% vs. 13%, respectively). Surgical treatment was needed more frequently in the school group (p = 0.035, hazard ratio 2.52, 95% confidence interval: 1.03-6.17). Most of the injuries (82%) occurred at trampoline parks. CONCLUSIONS The anatomical locations of trampoline-related orthopedic injuries differed significantly between age groups. Fractures were more common around the knee in younger children and the ankle in older children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Seok Choi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gachon University Gil Hospital, Incheon, South Korea.
| | - Jin Heon Hong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gachon University Gil Hospital, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Jae Ang Sim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gachon University Gil Hospital, Incheon, South Korea
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Trampoline injuries in the world and in Turkey. Turk J Phys Med Rehabil 2017; 63:275-280. [PMID: 31453466 DOI: 10.5606/tftrd.2017.1321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Trampoline continues to be an activity that individuals in every age, but particularly children, enjoy to do for nearly a hundred years. However, it has some unpleasant effects due to the risk of injury. Safety rules, therefore, need to be followed during trampoline activities. Contemporarily, it is not recommended for small children and purposes other that sportive activities in Western countries. In this review, we discuss the trampoline-related injuries to increase the awareness in the society and to shape the regulations related with the trampoline use in Turkey.
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Épidémiologie des accidents liés à l’usage privé de trampoline. ANNALES FRANCAISES DE MEDECINE D URGENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13341-017-0716-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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18
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The 'trampoline ankle': severe medial malleolar physeal injuries in children and adolescents secondary to multioccupant use of trampolines. J Pediatr Orthop B 2016; 25:133-7. [PMID: 26588838 DOI: 10.1097/bpb.0000000000000255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to describe a series of patients presenting with medial malleolus Salter-Harris types III and IV fractures (MacFarland fractures) related to trampoline use. In total, 11 patients were reviewed retrospectively (mean age: 11.8 years; four boys and seven girls). Salter-Harris type III fractures were more commonly seen (n=7). Undisplaced fractures were more prevalent (n=6). Six children underwent surgical treatment. Average follow-up time was 17.8 months. A medial physeal bar with subsequent growth arrest and ankle deformity was observed in two patients. More than one user was present on the trampoline at the time of the injury in nine of the reported cases. Medial malleolus growth-plate injuries can be seen after trampoline injuries where multiple users were involved. Potential complications including growth arrest can occur.
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Ashby K, Eager D, D'Elia A, Day L. Influence of voluntary standards and design modifications on trampoline injury in Victoria, Australia. Inj Prev 2015; 21:314-9. [DOI: 10.1136/injuryprev-2015-041598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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20
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Patterns of Injuries in Newer Mechanisms of Pediatric Injuries (ATVs, Snowmobiles, Trampolines, Flat Screen TVs). CURRENT SURGERY REPORTS 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s40137-014-0061-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of injuries caused by accidents while springing on a trampoline has increased significantly. This study therefore focused on the incidence, morbidity and circumstances of the accidents in pediatric patients. METHODS The children admitted to this hospital from 2002 to 2010 were re-examined and the children injured during trampolining were asked to fill out a questionnaire focusing on the mechanism of the injury and the circumstances. RESULTS A total of 268 accidents were included in the study and 28% of the injuries were severe (e.g. fracture, luxation and rupture). If there were special safety measures (e.g. safety net, floor mats, surrounding water 63%) 28.4% of the injuries were severe and without safety measures 28.6% were severe. Safety measures did not influence the incidence of severe trauma (p=1). If a trampoline was equipped with a safety net (53%) 31% of the injuries were severe and without a safety net 25% were severe (p=0.473). CONCLUSION Pediatric accidents on a trampoline result in severe injuries in 28% of cases. There is no difference in the severity of the injury regarding trampolines with or without special safety measures. Safety nets do not reduce the risk of severe injury.
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Klimek PM, Juen D, Stranzinger E, Wolf R, Slongo T. Trampoline related injuries in children: risk factors and radiographic findings. World J Pediatr 2013; 9:169-74. [PMID: 23677833 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-013-0416-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2012] [Accepted: 06/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Backyard trampolines are immensely popular among children, but are associated with an increase of trampoline-related injuries. The aim of this study was to evaluate radiographs of children with trampoline related injuries and to determine the risk factors. METHODS Between 2003 and 2009, 286 children under the age of 16 with backyard trampoline injuries were included in the study. The number of injuries increased from 13 patients in 2003 to 86 in 2009. The median age of the 286 patients was 7 years (range: 1-15 years). Totally 140 (49%) patients were males, and 146 (51%) females. Medical records and all available diagnostic imaging were reviewed. A questionnaire was sent to the parents to evaluate the circumstances of each injury, the type of trampoline, the protection equipment and the experience of the children using the trampoline. The study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of the University Hospital of Bern. RESULTS The questionnaires and radiographs of the 104 patients were available for evaluation. A fracture was sustained in 51 of the 104 patients. More than 75% of all patients sustaining injuries and in 90% of patients with fractures were jumping on the trampoline with other children at the time of the accident. The most common fractures were supracondylar humeral fractures (29%) and forearm fractures (25%). Fractures of the proximal tibia occurred especially in younger children between 2-5 years of age. CONCLUSIONS Children younger than 5 years old are at risk for specific proximal tibia fractures ("Trampoline Fracture"). A child jumping simultaneously with other children has a higher risk of suffering from a fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Michael Klimek
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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23
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Randsborg PH, Gulbrandsen P, Saltytė Benth J, Sivertsen EA, Hammer OL, Fuglesang HFS, Arøen A. Fractures in children: epidemiology and activity-specific fracture rates. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2013; 95:e42. [PMID: 23553305 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.l.00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Approximately one-third of pediatric fractures occur during sport or recreational activity. In this paper, we investigate the incidence and causes of pediatric fractures in our region and quantify the fracture rate per exposure time for the most common sport and recreational activities. METHODS We prospectively evaluated all children younger than sixteen years who presented to our institution with a new fracture within a twelve-month period. Exposure time to the most common childhood activities was measured by means of interviewing random parents from the study population. The main outcome measures were the annual fracture incidence in the population and fracture rates per 10,000 hours of exposure to various sports and recreational activities. RESULTS A total of 1403 fractures were included. The overall annual incidence was 180.1 fractures per 10,000 children younger than sixteen years. The distal part of the radius was most often fractured (436 fractures, 31.1%). Snowboarding was associated with the highest activity-specific fracture rate, estimated to be 1.9 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16 to 2.60) fractures per 10,000 hours of exposure. In comparison, the fracture rate per 10,000 hours of exposure was 0.79 (CI, 0.42 to 1.09) for handball, 0.44 (CI, 0.35 to 0.52) for soccer, and 0.35 (CI, 0.23 to 0.47) for trampolining. CONCLUSIONS The distal part of the radius is the most common fracture site in childhood. Fracture rates differ between various physical activities. The fracture rate for snowboarding was four times higher compared with that for other common childhood sport and recreational activities in our region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Per-Henrik Randsborg
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Akershus University Hospital, 1478 Lørenskog, Norway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Per-Henrik Randsborg
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Akershus University Hospital, NO-1478 Lørenskog, Norway.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Trampoline injuries represent a preventable cause of injury in children. This study identified the characteristics of children injured while using trampolines who presented to a pediatric trauma center in Sydney, Australia. METHODS The Pediatric Trauma Database at our institution was reviewed to identify children with trampoline-related injuries between January 1999 and June 2008. Data collected included age, sex, Injury Severity Score, anatomical region injured, type of injury, mechanism of injury, site of injury and surface fallen onto, level of supervision, treatment, and hospital length of stay. RESULTS Over the 9.5-year review period, 383 children presented with trampoline-related injuries: 193 (50.4%) were female. Just over a quarter (n = 106, 27.7%) were treated and discharged the same day. The remaining patients accounted for 725 hospital bed days with a mean length of stay of 2.3 days. The most common area of the body injured was the upper limb (n = 246, 64.2%), with a fall from the trampoline to the ground being the most frequent mechanism of injury (n = 257, 67.1%). The majority (n = 345, 90.1%) of children were injured in their home or at the home of a friend or relative. Surgery was required in 236 (61.6%), with closed reduction of an upper limb fracture being the most common procedure (n = 107, 27.9%). CONCLUSIONS Trampoline-related injuries remain common in children. Implementation of current guidelines and the introduction of innovative trampoline designs should reduce the risk of this injury in children.
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Eberl R, Spitzer P, Singer G, Höllwarth M. Kinderunfälle und deren Prävention. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00112-011-2422-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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