1
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Taura Y, Tozawa T, Fujimoto T, Ichise E, Chiyonobu T, Itoh K, Iehara T. Myosin Va, a novel interaction partner of STXBP1, is required to transport Syntaxin1A to the plasma membrane. Neuroscience 2023:S0306-4522(23)00251-8. [PMID: 37315734 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Syntaxin-binding protein 1 (STXBP1, also known as Munc18-1) regulates exocytosis as a chaperone protein of Syntaxin1A. The haploinsufficiency of STXBP1 causes early infantile-onset developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, known as STXBP1 encephalopathy. Previously, we reported impaired cellular localization of Syntaxin1A in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons from an STXBP1 encephalopathy patient harboring a nonsense mutation. However, the molecular mechanism of abnormal Syntaxin1A localization in the haploinsufficiency of STXBP1 remains unknown. This study aimed to identify the novel interacting partner of STXBP1 involved in transporting Syntaxin1A to the plasma membrane. Affinity purification coupled with mass spectrometry analysis identified a motor protein Myosin Va as a potential binding partner of STXBP1. Co-immunoprecipitation analysis of the synaptosomal fraction from the mouse and tag-fused recombinant proteins revealed that the STXBP1 short splice variant (STXBP1S) interacted with Myosin Va in addition to Syntaxin1A. These proteins colocalized at the tip of the growth cone and axons in primary cultured hippocampal neurons. Furthermore, RNAi-mediated gene silencing in Neuro2a cells showed that STXBP1 and Myosin Va were required for membrane trafficking of Syntaxin1A. In conclusion, this study proposes a potential role of STXBP1 in the trafficking of the presynaptic protein Syntaxin1A to the plasma membrane in conjunction with Myosin Va.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Taura
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takenori Tozawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Fujimoto
- Department of Pathology and Applied Neurobiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eisuke Ichise
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Chiyonobu
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kyoko Itoh
- Department of Pathology and Applied Neurobiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoko Iehara
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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2
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Khorram E, Tabatabaiefar MA, Yaghini O, Khorrami M, Yazdani V, Fakhr F, Amini M, Kheirollahi M. Griscelli syndrome type 1: a novel pathogenic variant, and review of literature. Mol Genet Genomics 2023; 298:485-493. [PMID: 36651988 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-022-01971-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Griscelli syndrome type 1 (GS1) is a rare inherited autosomal recessive disease caused by a deleterious variant in the MYO5A gene and characterized by general hypopigmentation, neurological symptoms, motor disability, hypotonia, and vision abnormality. Only nine pathogenic variants in the MYO5A gene have been confirmed in association with the GS1. All of the reported pathogenic variants are truncating. Herein, two siblings from a consanguineous Iranian family with abnormal pigmentation and neurological symptoms were referred for genetic counseling. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) revealed a novel homozygous truncating variant c.1633_1634delAA (p.Asn545Glnfs*10) in the MYO5A gene, which was completely co-segregated with the phenotype in all affected and unaffected family members. Computational analysis and protein modeling demonstrated the deleterious effects of this variant on the structure and function of the protein. The variant, according to ACMG guidelines, was classified as pathogenic. Besides the novelty of the identified variant, our patients manifested more severe clinical symptoms and presented distal hyperlaxity in all four limbs, which was a new finding. In conclusion, we expanded the mutational and phenotypic spectrum of the GS1. Moreover, by studying clinical manifestations in all molecularly confirmed reported cases, provided a comprehensive overview of clinical presentation, and attempted to find a genotype-phenotype correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erfan Khorram
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Tabatabaiefar
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Omid Yaghini
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Growth and Development Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Khorrami
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Vida Yazdani
- Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, East Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Fakhr
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Masoomeh Amini
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Kheirollahi
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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3
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Wang H, Wen J, Li H, Zhu T, Zhao X, Zhang J, Zhang X, Tang C, Qu L, Gemingguli M. Candidate pigmentation genes related to feather color variation in an indigenous chicken breed revealed by whole genome data. Front Genet 2022; 13:985228. [PMID: 36479242 PMCID: PMC9720402 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.985228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Chicken plumage color is an inheritable phenotype that was naturally and artificially selected for during domestication. The Baicheng You chicken is an indigenous Chinese chicken breed presenting three main feather colors, lavender, black, and yellow plumages. To explore the genetic mechanisms underlying the pigmentation in Baicheng You chickens, we re-sequenced the whole genome of Baicheng You chicken with the three plumage colors. By analyzing the divergent regions of the genome among the chickens with different feather colors, we identified some candidate genomic regions associated with the feather colors in Baicheng You chickens. We found that EGR1, MLPH, RAB17, SOX5, and GRM5 genes were the potential genes for black, lavender, and yellow feathers. MLPH, GRM5, and SOX5 genes have been found to be related to plumage colors in birds. Our results showed that EGR1 is a most plausible candidate gene for black plumage, RAB17, MLPH, and SOX5 for lavender plumage, and GRM5 for yellow plumage in Baicheng You chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huie Wang
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, Tarim University, Alar, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, China
| | - Junhui Wen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Haiying Li
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumchi, China
| | - Tao Zhu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiurong Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinxin Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinye Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chi Tang
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, Tarim University, Alar, China
| | - Lujiang Qu
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, Tarim University, Alar, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - M. Gemingguli
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, Tarim University, Alar, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, China
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4
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Huang Q, Yuan Y, Gong J, Zhang T, Qi Z, Yang X, Li W, Wei A. Identification of a Novel MLPH Missense Mutation in a Chinese Griscelli Syndrome 3 Patient. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:896943. [PMID: 35602484 PMCID: PMC9120966 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.896943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanophilin (MLPH) functions as a linker between RAB27A and myosin Va (MYO5A) in regulating skin pigmentation during the melanosome transport process. The MYO5A-MLPH-RAB27A ternary protein complex is required for anchoring mature melanosomes in the peripheral actin filaments of melanocytes for subsequent transfer to adjacent keratinocytes. Griscelli syndrome type 3 (GS3) is caused by mutations in the MLPH gene. So far, only five variants of MLPH associated with GS3 have been reported. Here, we reported the first patient with GS3 in a Chinese population. The proband carried a novel homozygous missense mutation (c.73G>C; p.D25H), residing in the conserved Slp homology domain of MLPH, and presented with hypopigmentation of the hair, eyebrows, and eyelashes. Light microscopy revealed the presence of abnormal pigment clumping in his hair shaft. In silico tools predicted this MLPH variant to be likely pathogenic. Using immunoblotting and immunofluorescence analysis, we demonstrated that the MLPH (D25H) variant had an inhibitory effect on melanosome transport by exhibiting perinuclear melanosome aggregation in melanocytes, and greatly reduced its binding to RAB27A, although the protein level of MLPH in the patient was not changed. Our findings suggest that MLPH (D25H) is a pathogenic variant that expands the genetic spectrum of the MLPH gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaorong Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yefeng Yuan
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Juanjuan Gong
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing, China
- Rare Disease Center, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing, China
- Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tianjiao Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhan Qi
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing, China
- Rare Disease Center, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing, China
- Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiumin Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetics of Birth Defects, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing, China
- Rare Disease Center, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing, China
- Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Wei Li
| | - Aihua Wei
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Aihua Wei
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5
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Mahajan V, Sood S, Das R. End-stage Renal Disease in Griscelli Syndrome. Indian J Nephrol 2022; 32:521-522. [PMID: 36568594 PMCID: PMC9775615 DOI: 10.4103/ijn.ijn_425_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vidushi Mahajan
- Department of Pediatrics, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India,Address for correspondence: Vidushi Mahajan, Department of Pediatrics, Government Medical College and Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh – 160 030, India. E-mail:
| | - Shivanjali Sood
- Department of Pediatrics, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India
| | - Reena Das
- Department of Hematology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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6
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Bhattarai D, Banday AZ, Sadanand R, Arora K, Kaur G, Sharma S, Rawat A. Hair microscopy: an easy adjunct to diagnosis of systemic diseases in children. Appl Microsc 2021; 51:18. [PMID: 34843009 PMCID: PMC8630179 DOI: 10.1186/s42649-021-00067-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hair, having distinct stages of growth, is a dynamic component of the integumentary system. Nonetheless, derangement in its structure and growth pattern often provides vital clues for the diagnosis of systemic diseases. Assessment of the hair structure by various microscopy techniques is, hence, a valuable tool for the diagnosis of several systemic and cutaneous disorders. Systemic illnesses like Comel-Netherton syndrome, Griscelli syndrome, Chediak Higashi syndrome, and Menkes disease display pathognomonic findings on hair microscopy which, consequently, provide crucial evidence for disease diagnosis. With minimal training, light microscopy of the hair can easily be performed even by clinicians and other health care providers which can, thus, serve as a useful tool for disease diagnosis at the patient's bedside. This is especially true for resource-constrained settings where access and availability of advanced investigations (like molecular diagnostics) is a major constraint. Despite its immense clinical utility and non-invasive nature, hair microscopy seems to be an underutilized diagnostic modality. Lack of awareness regarding the important findings on hair microscopy may be one of the crucial reasons for its underutilization. Herein, we, therefore, present a comprehensive overview of the available methods for hair microscopy and the pertinent findings that can be observed in various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmagat Bhattarai
- Allergy Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Aaqib Zaffar Banday
- Allergy Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India.
| | - Rohit Sadanand
- Allergy Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Kanika Arora
- Allergy Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Gurjit Kaur
- Allergy Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Satish Sharma
- Allergy Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Amit Rawat
- Allergy Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India.
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7
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Ortiz JF, Ruxmohan S, Alzamora IM, Patel A, Eissa-Garcés A. Refractory Seizure in a Patient With Griscelli Syndrome: A Unique Case With One Mutation and a Novel Deletion. Cureus 2021; 13:e14402. [PMID: 33981514 PMCID: PMC8109045 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.14402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Griscelli syndrome (GS) is a rare syndrome characterized by hypopigmentation, immunodeficiency, and neurological features. The genes Ras-related protein (RAB27A) and Myosin-Va (MYO5A) are involved in this condition's pathogenesis. We present a GS type 1 (GS1) case with developmental delay, hypotonia, and refractory seizures despite multiple medications, which included clobazam, cannabinol, zonisamide, and a ketogenic diet. Lacosamide and levetiracetam were added to the treatment regimen, which decreased the seizures' frequency from 10 per day to five per day. The patient had an MYO5A mutation and, remarkably, a deletion on 18p11.32p11.31. The deletion was previously reported in a patient with refractory seizures and developmental delay. We reviewed all cases of GS that presented with seizures. We reviewed other cases of GS and seizures described in the literature and explored possible seizure mechanisms in GS. Seizure in GS1 seems to be related directly to the MYO5A mutation. The neurological manifestations in GS2 seem to be caused indirectly by the accelerated phase of Hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS), which is characteristic of GS2. By having the MYO5A gene mutation combined with the 18p11.32p11.31 deletion, the prognosis and severity of the patient's condition are poor. This is the first report of GS1 with a deletion in 18p11.32p11.31.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Fernando Ortiz
- Neurology, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, ECU.,Neurology, Larkin Community Hospital, Miami, USA
| | - Samir Ruxmohan
- Neurology, Larkin Community Hospital, Miami, Florida, USA
| | | | - Amrapali Patel
- Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, USA
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8
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Castaño-Jaramillo LM, Lugo-Reyes SO, Cruz Muñoz ME, Scheffler-Mendoza SC, Duran McKinster C, Yamazaki-Nakashimada MA, Espinosa-Padilla SE, Saez-de-Ocariz Gutierrez MDM. Diagnostic and therapeutic caveats in Griscelli syndrome. Scand J Immunol 2021; 93:e13034. [PMID: 33660295 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Griscelli syndrome (GS) is a rare autosomal recessive disease with characteristic pigment distribution, and there are currently 3 types according to the underlying genetic defect and clinical features. We present the case of a girl born from consanguineous parents who presented with predominant neurologic symptoms, silvery hair and granulomatous skin lesions. Cerebral magnetic resonance revealed diffuse white matter lesions, and central nervous system (CNS) lymphocytic infiltration was suspected. The patient underwent haematopoietic stem cell transplantation with graft failure and autologous reconstitution. She developed elevated liver enzyme with a cholestatic pattern. Multiple liver biopsies revealed centrilobular cholestasis and unspecific portal inflammation that improved with immunomodulatory treatment. She was revealed to have an impaired cytotoxicity in NK cells and a decreased expression of RAB27A. However, no variants were found in the gene. All types of GS present with pigment dilution and irregular pigment clumps that can be seen through light microscopy in hair and skin biopsy. Dermic granulomas and immunodeficiency with infectious and HLH predisposition have been described in GS type 2 (GS2). Neurologic alterations might be seen in GS type 1 (GS1) and GS type 2 (GS2), due to different mechanisms. GS1 presents with neurologic impairment secondary to myosin Va role in neuronal development and synapsis. Meanwhile, GS2 can present with neurologic impairment secondary to SNC HLH. Clinical features and cytotoxicity might aid in differentiating GS1 and GS2, especially since treatment differs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saul O Lugo-Reyes
- Immunodeficiencies Research Unit, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mario E Cruz Muñoz
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory. Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Mexico
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9
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Montero-Vilchez T, Remon-Love A, Tercedor-Sánchez J, Arias-Santiago S. Hair Shaft Examination: A Practical Tool to Diagnose Griscelli Syndrome. Dermatopathology (Basel) 2021; 8:49-53. [PMID: 33803120 PMCID: PMC8008316 DOI: 10.3390/dermatopathology8010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Griscelli syndrome (GS) is a rare disease that is characterized by silvery hair and fair skin. It is included in congenital grey hair syndromes, a rare group of autosomal recessive disorders characterized by silvery grey hair and severe multisystem disorders, such as immune system impairment, defects in immunological function, ocular and skeletal alterations, and nervous system defects. Herein, we report a rare case of GS type 1 and highlight the importance of a dermatological and hair examination to make an early diagnosis of these life-threatening diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trinidad Montero-Vilchez
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, 18012 Granada, Spain; (T.M.-V.); (S.A.-S.)
| | - Alexandra Remon-Love
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, 18012 Granada, Spain;
| | - Jesús Tercedor-Sánchez
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, 18012 Granada, Spain; (T.M.-V.); (S.A.-S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Salvador Arias-Santiago
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, 18012 Granada, Spain; (T.M.-V.); (S.A.-S.)
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10
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Mathachan SR, Sinha S, Malhotra P. Griscelli Syndrome Type 3 with Coexistent Universal Dyschromia-An Uncommon Association of a Rare Entity. Indian Dermatol Online J 2020; 11:799-803. [PMID: 33235850 PMCID: PMC7678511 DOI: 10.4103/idoj.idoj_572_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Griscelli syndrome type 3 is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the melanophilin gene and does not have any mucocutaneous or systemic abnormalities other than a pigmentary dilution of skin and hair. We report a case of an 8-year-old girl who presented with silvery grey hair of scalp, eyebrows, eyelashes, and entire body surface with associated universal dyschromia of the skin. After establishing a definite diagnosis of Griscelli syndrome 3, the prognosis was explained and counseling was given. A review of the literature revealed only 27 cases of Griscelli syndrome type 3 in the English language of which only one case by Batrani et al. has reported an associated dyschromia. We report this case to add to the existing literature on this rare condition and to highlight the coexistence of universal dyschromia with Griscelli syndrome type 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinu Rose Mathachan
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Surabhi Sinha
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Purnima Malhotra
- Department of Pathology, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences and Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
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11
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Wasif N, Parveen A, Bashir H, Ashraf F, Ali E, Khan KR, Arif A. Novel homozygous nonsense variant in MLPH causing Griscelli syndrome type 3 in a consanguineous Pakistani family. J Dermatol 2020; 47:e382-e383. [PMID: 32864751 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.15565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naveed Wasif
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Ulm and University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), Center for Research in Molecular Medicine (CRiMM), University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.,Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Asia Parveen
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), Center for Research in Molecular Medicine (CRiMM), University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.,Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Central Punjab (UCP), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hina Bashir
- Department of Biochemistry, Sharif Medical and Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Fareeha Ashraf
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), Center for Research in Molecular Medicine (CRiMM), University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ehtasham Ali
- Center for Professional Studies (CPS), University of Central Punjab, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Kashif Raza Khan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Government Kot Khawaja Saeed Teaching Hospital, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Amina Arif
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Central Punjab (UCP), Lahore, Pakistan
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12
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Abd Elmaksoud MS, Gomaa NS, Azouz HG, On CNV, Ho CT, Omar TE, McGrath JA, Onoufriadis A. Genetic analysis in three Egyptian patients with Griscelli syndrome Type 1 reveals new nonsense mutations in MYO5A. Clin Exp Dermatol 2020; 45:789-792. [PMID: 32275080 DOI: 10.1111/ced.14220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M S Abd Elmaksoud
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Neurology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - N S Gomaa
- Dermatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - H G Azouz
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Neurology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - C N V On
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - C T Ho
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - T E Omar
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Neurology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - J A McGrath
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - A Onoufriadis
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
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13
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Dagnewu KY, Ayele A, Liu L, Pramanik R, Onoufriadis A, Abebe E, McGrath JA. Griscelli syndrome type 3 in Ethiopian sisters resulting from a homozygous missense mutation in MLPH. Int J Dermatol 2019; 59:e55-e57. [PMID: 31721180 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.14724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kidist Y Dagnewu
- Department of Dermatovenerology, ALERT Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Adane Ayele
- Department of Dermatovenerology, ALERT Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Lu Liu
- Viapath, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Rashida Pramanik
- St St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Alexandros Onoufriadis
- St St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Esubalewu Abebe
- Department of Dermatovenerology, ALERT Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - John A McGrath
- St St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
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Griscelli Type 2 Syndrome and Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: Sisters With the Same Mutation but Different Presentations. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2019; 41:473-477. [PMID: 31233462 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000001522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Griscelli syndrome type 2 (GS2) is an autosomal recessive condition associated with the development of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. GS2 is caused by a gene mutation involving RAB27A, which affects a melanosome anchoring complex in melanocytes and releases cytolytic granules from T cells and natural killer cells. GS2 is known to have immunologic compromise and oculocutaneous albinism. We present the case of 2 sisters who had vastly different phenotypic presentations despite having the same genetic frameshift mutation in the RAB27A gene. Patient 1 presented with seizures and neurological compromise, whereas patient 2 presented with pancytopenia and diarrhea. Both patients developed hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.
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Kassem Youssef H, Ramstein C, Ginglinger E, Chouta Ngaha F, Nojavan H, Michel C. [Griscelli syndrome type 3: A new case]. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2018; 145:785-789. [PMID: 30389201 DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2018.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Griscelli syndrome (GS) is a rare autosomal-recessive genetic disease characterized by hypopigmentation of skin and hair. We report a case of GS type 3 with late diagnosis. OBSERVATION A 31-year-old female patient had presented depigmentation of the hair and eyebrows as well as diffuse skin hypopigmentation during childhood. Microscopic analysis of a hair shaft revealed irregularly distributed clumps of melanin. DNA sequencing showed a homozygous C103T (R35W) transition in exon 1 of MLPH, confirming Griscelli syndrome type 3. DISCUSSION Three clinical phenotypes of GS have been described based on the underlying genetic defect. GS type 1 and 2 are associated respectively with a central nervous system dysfunction and an immune defect. GS type 3 is an isolated cutaneous form. Diagnosis is confirmed on microscopic examination of hair shafts. 15 cases of GS type 3 have been reported: 9 in males and 6 in females. Mean age at diagnosis is around 12 years. Nine of the reported patients were of Arab origin, four of Turkish origin, and one of Indian origin. R35W mutation was described in 9 cases and E98X and R35Q mutations were each found in one case. CONCLUSION GS should be suspected in patients presenting gray silvery hair, particularly when these patients are of Arab or Turkish origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kassem Youssef
- Service de dermatologie, GHR Mulhouse Sud-Alsace, 87, avenue Altkirch, 68100 Mulhouse, France.
| | - C Ramstein
- Service de dermatologie, GHR Mulhouse Sud-Alsace, 87, avenue Altkirch, 68100 Mulhouse, France
| | - E Ginglinger
- Service de génétique, GHR Mulhouse Sud-Alsace, 87, avenue Altkirch, 68100 Mulhouse, France
| | - F Chouta Ngaha
- Service de dermatologie, GHR Mulhouse Sud-Alsace, 87, avenue Altkirch, 68100 Mulhouse, France
| | - H Nojavan
- Service de dermatologie, GHR Mulhouse Sud-Alsace, 87, avenue Altkirch, 68100 Mulhouse, France
| | - C Michel
- Service de dermatologie, GHR Mulhouse Sud-Alsace, 87, avenue Altkirch, 68100 Mulhouse, France
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Myosin 5a regulates tumor migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: utility as a prognostic factor. Hum Pathol 2018; 80:113-122. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Batrani M, Thole A, Kubba A, Mahajan K. Silvery hair with dyschromatosis: Griscelli syndrome type 3 or familial gigantic melanocytosis. J Cutan Pathol 2018; 45:918-922. [PMID: 30129079 DOI: 10.1111/cup.13342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We herein illustrate a case of an adult male presenting with silvery hair and generalized guttate hypopigmented macules on a background of diffuse cutaneous hyperpigmentation, since birth. Histopathology showed enlarged melanocytes with abundant melanin. Based on these clinicopathological features, differential diagnoses considered were Griscelli syndrome 3 (GS3) and familial giagantic melanocytosis. GS3 belongs to a group of inherited autosomal recessive (AR) disorders of partial albinism, known as silvery hair syndromes, while familial gigantic melanocytosis (FGM) is a putative disorder of dyschromia with silvery hairs. A pertinent literature search revealed hyperpigmentation or dyschromatosis as a rare manifestation of silvery hair syndromes, especially in dark-skin populations. A comparative analysis of previously reported cases depicted close morphological similarities between GS3 and FGM. We discuss the uncertainty pertaining to cases described in literature as FGM, to be truly representative of a distinctive entity, or merely a morphological variation of GS3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Batrani
- Delhi Dermpath Laboratory, Delhi Dermatology Group, New Delhi, India
| | - Akhilesh Thole
- Department of Dermatology, North DMC Medical College and Hindurao Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Asha Kubba
- Delhi Dermpath Laboratory, Delhi Dermatology Group, New Delhi, India
| | - Khushbu Mahajan
- Department of Dermatology, North DMC Medical College and Hindurao Hospital, New Delhi, India
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Vizcaino MA, Eberhart CG, Rodriguez FJ. Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in Adults with Intraocular Involvement: Clinicopathologic Features of 3 Cases. Ocul Oncol Pathol 2018; 4:1-11. [PMID: 29344491 DOI: 10.1159/000475551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is an infrequent inflammatory multisystemic syndrome. Only rare cases with ophthalmic involvement describing their pathologic features have been previously reported. Methods We report 3 cases of adult-onset HLH with bilateral ocular involvement and describe their clinicopathologic features. Results Three adult males - 2 with a history of viral infection - developed persistent fever, fatigue, bone marrow abnormalities, and irreversible multiorgan failure. Visual impairment was also documented in 2 cases. Complete autopsies were performed. Ophthalmic pathology demonstrated a bilateral histiocytic infiltrate with scant lymphocytes affecting the uvea. Focal extension to the retina, optic nerve, and trabecular meshwork were also identified, as well as hemophagocytosis in 1 case. Macrophages showed strong immunoreactivity for CD163 antibody and lacked BRAF p.V600E mutant protein. Conclusion HLH is an unusual disorder associated with several systemic conditions. Histologic features in the eye are poorly documented, with prior reports restricted to children. Our 3 adult cases are reported using updated criteria and, despite the difference in age, show changes similar to those observed in the pediatric population.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Adelita Vizcaino
- Division of Neuropathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Cellular and Tissue Biology, Faculty of Medicine, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Charles G Eberhart
- Division of Neuropathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Sydney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Fausto J Rodriguez
- Division of Neuropathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Sydney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Katoulis AC, Daskari D, Liakou AI, Bozi E, Lianou D, Rigopoulos D. "Road-Dividing Line"-Like Pigmentation of Hair as a Diagnostic Clue for Griscelli Syndrome. Skin Appendage Disord 2017; 2:143-145. [PMID: 28232922 PMCID: PMC5264357 DOI: 10.1159/000452165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a case of a 5-year-old girl with physical and psychomotor retardation, acquired microcephaly, and history of recurrent infections. Dermoscopic and microscopic hair examination revealed a "road-dividing line"-like pigmentation of hair shafts. The combination of history, clinical findings, and hair examination led to the diagnosis of Griscelli syndrome type II. The picture of "road-dividing line" on hair microscopic and dermoscopic examination is highly characteristic for Griscelli syndrome, and in this framework, dermatologic examination may be of high importance for the diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aikaterini I. Liakou
- 2nd Department of Dermatology and Venereology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, “Attikon” University General Hospital, Athens, Greece
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20
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Kronick B, John RM. Unseen Impairment: Pediatric Primary Care Management of Oculocutaneous Albinism 2. J Nurse Pract 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nurpra.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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21
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Mutations in AP3D1 associated with immunodeficiency and seizures define a new type of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome. Blood 2016; 127:997-1006. [PMID: 26744459 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2015-09-671636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic disorders affecting biogenesis and transport of lysosome-related organelles are heterogeneous diseases frequently associated with albinism. We studied a patient with albinism, neutropenia, immunodeficiency, neurodevelopmental delay, generalized seizures, and impaired hearing but with no mutation in genes so far associated with albinism and immunodeficiency. Whole exome sequencing identified a homozygous mutation in AP3D1 that leads to destabilization of the adaptor protein 3 (AP3) complex. AP3 complex formation and the degranulation defect in patient T cells were restored by retroviral reconstitution. A previously described hypopigmented mouse mutant with an Ap3d1 null mutation (mocha strain) shares the neurologic phenotype with our patient and shows a platelet storage pool deficiency characteristic of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) that was not studied in our patient because of a lack of bleeding. HPS2 caused by mutations in AP3B1A leads to a highly overlapping phenotype without the neurologic symptoms. The AP3 complex exists in a ubiquitous and a neuronal form. AP3D1 codes for the AP3δ subunit of the complex, which is essential for both forms. In contrast, the AP3β3A subunit, affected in HPS2 patients, is substituted by AP3β3B in the neuron-specific heterotetramer. AP3δ deficiency thus causes a severe neurologic disorder with immunodeficiency and albinism that we propose to classify as HPS10.
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Nouriel A, Zisquit J, Helfand AM, Anikster Y, Greenberger S. Griscelli Syndrome Type 3: Two New Cases and Review of the Literature. Pediatr Dermatol 2015; 32:e245-8. [PMID: 26337734 DOI: 10.1111/pde.12663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A 3-year-old Arab boy with a history of hypoplastic left heart syndrome was referred to the pediatric dermatology clinic at Sheba Medical Center for evaluation of hypomelanosis, manifested by fair skin pigmentation and silvery-grey hair, eyebrows, and eyelashes. The child had one older brother with similar hypopigmentation and another older brother who had died of congenital heart disease. The child had no history of neurologic deficits or immunodeficiency and no additional findings on clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariella Nouriel
- Department of Dermatology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Jonah Zisquit
- Department of Dermatology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Alexander M Helfand
- Department of Dermatology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Yair Anikster
- Metabolic Disease Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Shoshana Greenberger
- Department of Dermatology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
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Bonilla FA, Khan DA, Ballas ZK, Chinen J, Frank MM, Hsu JT, Keller M, Kobrynski LJ, Komarow HD, Mazer B, Nelson RP, Orange JS, Routes JM, Shearer WT, Sorensen RU, Verbsky JW, Bernstein DI, Blessing-Moore J, Lang D, Nicklas RA, Oppenheimer J, Portnoy JM, Randolph CR, Schuller D, Spector SL, Tilles S, Wallace D. Practice parameter for the diagnosis and management of primary immunodeficiency. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015; 136:1186-205.e1-78. [PMID: 26371839 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 400] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Revised: 04/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (AAAAI) and the American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (ACAAI) have jointly accepted responsibility for establishing the "Practice parameter for the diagnosis and management of primary immunodeficiency." This is a complete and comprehensive document at the current time. The medical environment is a changing environment, and not all recommendations will be appropriate for all patients. Because this document incorporated the efforts of many participants, no single individual, including those who served on the Joint Task Force, is authorized to provide an official AAAAI or ACAAI interpretation of these practice parameters. Any request for information about or an interpretation of these practice parameters by the AAAAI or ACAAI should be directed to the Executive Offices of the AAAAI, the ACAAI, and the Joint Council of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. These parameters are not designed for use by pharmaceutical companies in drug promotion.
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Yılmaz M, Çağdaş D, Grandin V, Altıntaş DU, Tezcan İ, de Saint Basile G, Sanal Ö. Griscelli syndrome type 3-like phenotype with MYO-5A exon-F deletion. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2014; 25:817-9. [PMID: 25283056 DOI: 10.1111/pai.12285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Yılmaz
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
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