1
|
Kim CG, Kim JS, Bae KS. Association between nurse staffing levels and rotavirus infection in neonatal intensive care units: A retrospective observational study. Intensive Crit Care Nurs 2023; 74:103314. [PMID: 36153186 DOI: 10.1016/j.iccn.2022.103314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the relationship between nurse staffing levels and rotavirus infection in neonatal intensive care units. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY This study adopted a retrospective observational design with data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (2018) database in South Korea. Participants were 35,308 infants in neonatal intensive care units. Multiple logistic regression analyses were employed to examine the association between nurse staffing levels and rotavirus infection in neonatal intensive care units after adjusting for confounding variables such as patient and hospital-related characteristics. RESULTS A total of 1,514 (4.3%) infants developed rotavirus infection. Among the confounding variables, infectious disease, and being admitted from January to March and in December significantly increased the risk of rotavirus infection, whereas low birth weight, cardiovascular disorders, neonatal jaundice, receiving breastmilk, central line insertion, and ventilator usage significantly decreased the risk. Neonatal intensive care units with a grade 5 nurse staffing level (compared with grades 1-4) had a higher risk of rotavirus infection. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that neonatal intensive care units with higher (vs lower) nurse staffing levels are associated with lower rotavirus infection rates among infants. High-risk infants are extremely susceptible to hospital-acquired infections, and more intensive nursing care that differs from that provided to adult or paediatric patients is required. Therefore, nurse staffing levels with less than a 2:1 patient-to-nurse ratio are needed to control and prevent rotavirus infection in neonatal intensive care units.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chul-Gyu Kim
- Department of Nursing, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-ro, Seowon-Gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji-Soo Kim
- College of Nursing, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyun-Seop Bae
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-Ro 43-gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Khan MA. Epidemiological studies on gastroenteritis in children in the Bannu district, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH-HEIDELBERG 2021; 31:739-746. [PMID: 34036038 PMCID: PMC8138957 DOI: 10.1007/s10389-021-01592-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Aims Gastroenteritis is a digestive disorder among children with symptoms of abdominal cramps, diarrhoea, and vomiting. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of gastroenteritis in children in the Bannu district in 2019, and also contributed for adopting preventive measures to reduce mortality in children. Subject and methods A retrospective study was conducted to determine the prevalence of gastroenteritis in children in Bannu. The data were collected from official registers of admission maintained in the children wards in the Women and Children Hospital, Bannu. Patients with symptoms of gastroenteritis at the outpatient department were admitted to one of the children wards. Results Overall, 1456 children—897 (61.4%) males and 559 (38.6%) females—suffered from gastroenteritis during the study period. The age group ≤6 months demonstrated the highest share (37.8%), followed by >6 m ≤ 1y (35.5%), >1y ≤ 2y (15.8%), >2y ≤ 5y (7.3%), >5 ≤ 10y (3.2%), and > 10y ≤ 15y (0.4%). Overall, 89.1% of cases were from children ≤2 years old and 96.4% of cases were attributed to children ≤ 5 years of age. April demonstrated the highest percentage of prevalence of 17.7, followed by May (13.5%), November (13%), June (11.7%), September (10.4%), October (9.8%), July (9.5%), August (8.4%), March (3.4%), and February (2.6%). The age group ≤6 m was the dominant group during February through May and was replaced by the age group >6 m ≤ 1y during August through November. Conclusion Gastroenteritis showed a reduced prevalence when shifted from lower to higher age groups. Being male and age group ≤6 m showed the highest prevalence of gastroenteritis with the peak of disease in April. Further research is needed to determine the cause-based prevalence of different gastroenteritis cases in the study area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ashraf Khan
- Elementary and Secondary Education Department, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lee YS, Kim DH, Ha DJ, Kwon YS. Comparison of the Demographics and Ratio of Rotavirus-Associated Benign Convulsions with Mild Gastroenteritis to Rotavirus Gastroenteritis before and after Rotavirus Vaccination over a Period of 20 Years. ANNALS OF CHILD NEUROLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.26815/acn.2020.00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
|
4
|
Abdel-Rahman ME, Mathew S, Al Thani AA, Ansari KA, Yassine HM. Clinical manifestations associated with acute viral gastroenteritis pathogens among pediatric patients in Qatar. J Med Virol 2021; 93:4794-4804. [PMID: 33559912 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) remains a significant cause of diarrhea that affects children worldwide. It is usually caused by viral agents, including rotavirus (RV), norovirus (NoV), adenovirus (AdV), astrovirus (AstV), and sapovirus (SaV), and the disease severity varies accordingly. Here, we report the association of clinical severity among AGE-infected pediatrics caused by a single viral pathogen, coinfection (viral-viral), mixed infection (viral-bacterial), and AGE-negative samples. METHODS A total of 901 pediatric patients were admitted with AGE to the Pediatric Emergency Center of Hamad Medical Corporation in Qatar from June 2016 to June 2018. The age of the subjects ranged between 3 months and 14 years (median of 16 months). Virus antigens detection was performed by using Film Array Gastrointestinal (GI) Panel kit. AGE severity was assessed using the Vesikari Clinical Severity Scoring System. Multivariable multinomial logistic regression was used to model the five AGE viral agents' likelihood in relation to severity versus co-infection, mixed infection, and AGE-negative samples. RESULTS AGE was most common in pediatrics aged 1-3 years (median age = 1.25 years) and more frequent in males than females, with a ratio of 1:0.8. About 19.2% of the infections were caused by NoV, followed by RV (18.2%), AdV (6.5%), SaV (2.3%), and AstV (1.8%). The majority of viral agents were detected higher in mixed infection (32.1%) than coinfection (4.9%). Based on the Vesikari score system, severe clinical illness was recorded among pediatrics infected with RV (82.2%) and NoV (75.7%). Further on multivariable analysis, compared to testing negative, the odds of detecting RV was three times significantly higher in children with severe symptoms relative to those with moderate (adjusted-odds ratio [a-OR] = 3.10; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.82-5.28). Similar results were observed when considering RV relative to co-infection and mixed infection (a-OR = 2.59; 95% CI = 1.23-5.48 and a-OR = 2.06; 1.28-3.30, respectively). About one-third of the study sample were Qatari children with AGE (33%), whereas 35% and 32% were pediatrics from the Middle East and North Africa region, excluding Qatari and nonregions. CONCLUSION This study underlines the association of disease severity among AGE-infected pediatrics in Qatar. The overall Vesikari median score was significantly high, followed by more frequent hospitalization among RV-infected pediatrics compared to others. There was no reduction in the disease severity among RV-infected regardless of the vaccine dose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manar E Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shilu Mathew
- Biomedical Research Center and College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Asmaa A Al Thani
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Khalid Al Ansari
- Pediatric Emergency Center, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hadi M Yassine
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.,Biomedical Research Center and College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Epidemiology of Rotavirus Gastroenteritis and Rotavirus-Associated Benign Convulsions with Mild Gastroenteritis after the Introduction of Rotavirus Vaccines in South Korea: Nationwide Data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17228374. [PMID: 33198275 PMCID: PMC7698222 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17228374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Using nationwide data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment service, we assessed the impact of rotavirus vaccines, introduced in South Korea, in 2007, on changes in the prevalence of factors (age, sex, and geographic location) associated with rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE) and rotavirus-associated benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis (RaCwG). We analyzed health records of children younger than 3 years who visited clinical facilities and were diagnosed with RVGE or RaCwG between 2007 and 2019. The annual mid-year population (MYP) was obtained from the Korean Statistical Information Service. The annual prevalence of RVGE, RaCwG and associated factors were statistically analyzed. Overall, 219,686, and 4032, children were confirmed to have RVGE and RaCwG, respectively. Although the annual prevalence of RVGE decreased significantly, that of RaCwG did not. The annual ratio of RaCwG to RVGE was significantly high. Compared to the prevalence of RVGE, the prevalence of RaCwG was significantly lower in rural areas. The age of RaCwG patients was significantly lower than that of the MYP and that of RVGE patients. The decrease in the number of RaCwG patients after rotavirus vaccination was not as pronounced as the decrease in the number of RVGE patients.
Collapse
|
6
|
Cho HK, Hwang SH, Nam HN, Han K, Kim B, Kong I, Park K, Lee J. Incidence of intussusception before and after the introduction of rotavirus vaccine in Korea. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238185. [PMID: 32857776 PMCID: PMC7454960 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies have reported that after the introduction of rotavirus vaccine the incidence of intussusception did not change among infants, or slightly increased at the age immediately after the first dose. The rotavirus vaccines were introduced in Korea for private market use in 2007–2008. We investigated the incidence of intussusception before (2002–2006) and after (2009–2015) the vaccine introduction in Korea. Methods We conducted an interrupted time series study that used data from the Korean National Health Insurance database to identify infants (<12 months of age) who were diagnosed with intussusception and underwent non-invasive or invasive reduction from 2002 to 2015. According to the recommended ages for immunization, the annual intussusception incidence and the incidence rate ratios were calculated among three age groups, 6–14, 15–24, and 25–34 weeks. Results The annual incidences in infants have decreased over time from 241.7 per 100,000 infants (pre-vaccine period) to 160.1–205.2 per 100,000 infants (post-vaccine period). The incidence rate ratio during the post-vaccine period ranged from 0.66 to 0.85. The incidences of intussusception in all three infant age groups have decreased in post-vaccine period compared to pre-vaccine period (incidence rate ratio range: 0.31–0.65, 0.47–0.75, and 0.68–0.94 in 6–14, 15–24, and 25–34 weeks, respectively). Conclusions The incidence of intussusception in infants did not increase after the rotavirus vaccine introduction in Korea, but rather decreased over the past decades. Since the incidence of intussusception varies according to country or region, continuous monitoring the incidence of intussusception in infants is necessary in each county or region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Kyung Cho
- Department of Pediatrics, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
| | - Se Hwan Hwang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Na Nam
- Department of Pediatrics, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bongsung Kim
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Insik Kong
- Division of Vaccine-Preventable Disease Control and National Immunization Program, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangsuk Park
- Division of Vaccine-Preventable Disease Control and National Immunization Program, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyoung Lee
- Division of Vaccine-Preventable Disease Control and National Immunization Program, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Socioeconomic Impact of the Rotavirus Vaccine in Korea: Comparing the Epidemiologic and Economic Characteristics of Rotavirus Gastroenteritis Before and After the Introduction of Vaccines. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2020; 39:460-465. [PMID: 31990891 DOI: 10.1097/inf.0000000000002582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the introduction of 2 rotavirus (RV) vaccines in Korea, the vaccination rate has reached over 80% with out-of-pocket spending in the private market. We investigated the socioeconomic impact of RV vaccines in Korea to assess their value and public health contribution. METHODS By using National Health Insurance Service claims data, we compared the epidemiologic and economic characteristics of rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE) before and after the introduction of RV vaccines. For each year of the study period, the annual prevalence and national costs of RVGE were estimated based on children under 5 years with at least 1 National Health Insurance Service claims record with a diagnosis of RVGE. RESULTS Compared with the prevaccination period, the prevalence of RVGE decreased in the postvaccination period by 48.9% from 2097 per 100,000 children in 2006 to 1072 per 100,000 children in 2015, implying an increase in the vaccination rate and the prevention effect of the vaccines. The highest reduction was observed among those 12 to <24 months of age (-73.4%), presumably due to the benefit of full vaccination, while children under 2 months, ineligible for the RV vaccine, showed an increase (41.7%). The number of hospitalized RVGE cases per year decreased by 69.0%. The national economic burden of RVGE decreased by 28.6%. CONCLUSIONS The substantial reduction in the socioeconomic burden of RVGE after the introduction of RV vaccines confirms their benefit to society. This study would help health policy makers make empirical decisions on incorporating the vaccination into national immunization programs.
Collapse
|
8
|
Kim YO. Benign Convulsions with Mild Gastroenteritis. ANNALS OF CHILD NEUROLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.26815/acn.2019.00248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
|
9
|
Kim BR, Choi GE, Kim YO, Kim MJ, Song ES, Woo YJ. Incidence and characteristics of norovirus-associated benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis, in comparison with rotavirus ones. Brain Dev 2018; 40:699-706. [PMID: 29681427 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Rotavirus was detected in 40-50% of patients with benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis (CwG) before the rotavirus vaccine was introduced in late 2000. However, the rate of rotavirus positivity has decreased since 2010 while the prevalence of norovirus has gradually increased. We investigated the incidence of norovirus-associated CwG during a recent 3-year period and additionally compared the characteristics of norovirus-associated CwG with those of rotavirus-associated CwG. METHODS The medical records of CwG patients admitted to our hospital between March 2014 and February 2017 were reviewed, including the results of stool virus tests. For comparing norovirus- and rotavirus-associated CwG, data obtained between March 2005 and February 2014 that included sufficient numbers of patients with rotavirus-associated CwG were additionally reviewed. Data were collected on clinical characteristics (age, sex, seasonal distribution, enteric symptoms, and the interval to seizure onset), seizure characteristics (frequency, duration, type, and electroencephalographic findings), and laboratory findings. RESULTS CwG was diagnosed in 42 patients during the 3-year study period. Stool viruses were checked in 40 (95.2%) patients and were detected in 32 (80.0%) patients. Norovirus genogroup II was detected in 27 (67.5%) of the 40 patients, rotavirus was detected in 3 patients, and adenovirus was detected in 2 patients. In total, 140 CwG patients were enrolled between March 2005 and February 2017. The patients with norovirus-associated CwG (N = 44) and rotavirus-associated CwG (N = 26) were aged 18.66 ± 5.57 and 19.31 ± 7.37 months (mean ± standard deviation), respectively (P > 0.05). Norovirus-associated CwG was less prevalent than rotavirus-associated CwG during spring (13.6% vs. 34.6%, P = 0.04), while the prevalence of both types of CwG peaked during winter (63.6% and 46.2%, respectively). Vomiting was more prevalent in norovirus- than rotavirus-associated CwG (97.7% vs. 80.8%, P = 0.02) and the interval between enteric symptom onset and seizure onset was shorter in norovirus-associated CwG (2.00 ± 1.06 vs. 2.58 ± 1.21 days, P = 0.04). Most cases in both groups had seizures that lasted for less than 5 min (95.5% vs. 92.3%). Clustered seizures seemed to occur more frequently in the norovirus group (79.5% vs. 57.7%), although with borderline significance (P = 0.05). Posterior slowing was observed more frequently in norovirus-associated CwG (34.9% vs. 11.5%, P = 0.03). CONCLUSION The most common viral pathogen of CwG was norovirus during the analyzed 3-year period, with an incidence of 67.5%. In comparison with rotavirus-associated CwG, norovirus-associated CwG was less frequent during spring, more frequently seen with vomiting, had a shorter interval from enteric symptom onset to seizure onset, and more frequently showed posterior slowing in electroencephalography.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Ram Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Childrens' Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga Eun Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Childrens' Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ok Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Childrens' Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Min Ji Kim
- Water and Foodborne Disease Division, Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun Song Song
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Childrens' Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Jong Woo
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Childrens' Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Changes in the Occurrence of Rotavirus Gastroenteritis before and after the Introduction of Rotavirus Vaccine among Hospitalized Pediatric Patients and Estimates of Rotavirus Vaccine Effectiveness. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.14776/piv.2018.25.1.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
11
|
Yeom JS, Kim YS, Jun JS, Do HJ, Park JS, Seo JH, Park ES, Lim JY, Woo HO, Park CH, Youn HS. NSP4 antibody levels in rotavirus gastroenteritis patients with seizures. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2017; 21:367-373. [PMID: 27847298 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2016.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rotavirus nonstructural protein 4 (NSP4) has been suggested as a pathogen of rotavirus-associated seizures. We investigated pre-existing serum antibodies against NSP4 and VP6 (the most highly immunogenic rotavirus protein) in patients with rotavirus gastroenteritis and its correlation with the occurrence of seizures. METHODS With an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, IgG and IgA titers against NSP4 (genotype [A] and [B]) and VP6 were measured in acute-phase sera of 202 children aged 0.5-6.0 years with rotavirus gastroenteritis. The clinical characteristics and antibody levels were compared between patients with (seizure group) and without seizures (non-seizure group). RESULTS The non-seizure and seizure groups comprised 173 and 29 patients, respectively. Age, sex, hospital stay, presence of fever, white blood cell counts, C-reactive protein, vaccine status, IgG/IgA titers for VP6, and IgA titers for both NSP4s did not differ between the groups. The seizure group showed a lower level of IgG against NSP4 [A] (184.5 vs. 163.0 U/mL; P = 0.03) and NSP4 [B] (269.0 vs. 196.0 U/mL; P = 0.02). Delayed sampling time from the onset of gastroenteritis symptoms (3 vs. 2 days; P = 0.02) and lower serum sodium level (133.4 vs. 136.3 mEq/L; P < 0.01) were observed in the seizure group. Even after adjusting these factors, anti-NSP4 [A] IgG (OR 2.56 per 100 U/mL increment; 95% CI, 1.20-5.26, P = 0.01) and anti-NSP4 [B] IgG (OR 1.51 per 100 U/mL-increment; 95% CI, 1.04-2.22, P = 0.03) were independently associated with protection against seizures. CONCLUSIONS Serum anti-NSP4 IgG might protect rotavirus-associated seizures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung Sook Yeom
- Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea; Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Young-Soo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Jin-Su Jun
- Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Do
- Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Changwon, South Korea
| | - Ji Sook Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea; Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Seo
- Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea; Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Eun Sil Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea; Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Jae-Young Lim
- Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea; Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Hyang-Ok Woo
- Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea; Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Chan-Hoo Park
- Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Jinju, South Korea; Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Changwon, South Korea
| | - Hee-Shang Youn
- Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, South Korea; Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Jinju, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kim A, Chang JY, Shin S, Yi H, Moon JS, Ko JS, Oh S. Epidemiology and Factors Related to Clinical Severity of Acute Gastroenteritis in Hospitalized Children after the Introduction of Rotavirus Vaccination. J Korean Med Sci 2017; 32:465-474. [PMID: 28145650 PMCID: PMC5290106 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2017.32.3.465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate epidemiology and host- and pathogen-related factors associated with clinical severity of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in children after rotavirus vaccination introduction. Factors assessed included age, co-infection with more than 2 viruses, and virus-toxigenic Clostridium difficile co-detection. Fecal samples and clinical information, including modified Vesikari scores, were collected from hospitalized children with AGE. The presence of enteric viruses and bacteria, including toxigenic C. difficile, was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Among the 415 children included, virus was detected in stool of 282 (68.0%) children. Co-infection with more than 2 viruses and toxigenic C. difficile were found in 24 (8.5%) and 26 (9.2%) children with viral AGE, respectively. Norovirus (n = 130) infection, including norovirus-associated co-infection, was the most frequent infection, especially in children aged < 24 months (P < 0.001). In the severity-related analysis, age < 24 months was associated with greater diarrheal severity (P < 0.001) and modified Vesikari score (P = 0.001), after adjustment for other severity-related factors including rotavirus status. Although the age at infection with rotavirus was higher than that for other viruses (P = 0.001), rotavirus detection was the most significant risk factor for all severity parameters, including modified Vesikari score (P < 0.001). Viral co-infection and toxigenic C. difficile co-detection were not associated with any severity-related parameter. This information will be helpful in the management of childhood AGE in this era of rotavirus vaccination and availability of molecular diagnostic tests, which often lead to the simultaneous detection of multiple pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahlee Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ju Young Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Sue Shin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hana Yi
- School of Biosystem and Biomedical Science, Korea University College of Health Science, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Soo Moon
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Sung Ko
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sohee Oh
- Department of Medical Statistics, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Shin SM, Kim CS, Karkada N, Liu A, Jayadeva G, Han HH. Post-marketing safety surveillance conducted in Korea (2008-2013) following the introduction of the rotavirus vaccine, RIX4414 (Rotarix™). Hum Vaccin Immunother 2016; 12:2590-2594. [PMID: 27494163 PMCID: PMC5084987 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2016.1189046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE According to regulations from the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety in Korea, additional safety information on the use of Rotarix™ vaccine (RIX4414; GSK, Belgium) in ≥3000 evaluable Korean infants was required following vaccine registration. In order to comply with these regulations, we conducted a 6-year open, non-comparative, multicenter post-marketing surveillance (NCT00750893). METHODS During this time, the original lyophilized vaccine formulation of RIX4414 was replaced by a liquid formulation. Healthy infants aged ≥6 weeks were enrolled and given 2 doses of the RIX4414 vaccine, separated by an interval of ≥4 weeks. The overall incidence of adverse events (AEs) (expected and unexpected) was then assessed for up to 30 days along with the incidence of serious adverse events (SAEs). Adverse drug reactions (ADRs: any AE whose causality to the drug could not be ruled out) were identified. RESULTS A total of 3040 children (mean age: 9.55 weeks) were analyzed. One or more expected AE was experienced by 30.5% infants and 8.6% had an ADR. The most commonly seen expected AE was irritability (14.0%). One or more unexpected AE was seen in 32.5% infants and 3.1% experienced an ADR. The most commonly seen unexpected AE was upper respiratory tract infection (8.7%). Of 34 SAEs recorded in 24 subjects, none were related to vaccination. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that this 6-year surveillance showed both formulations of RIX4414 to have acceptable safety profiles when administered to Korean infants according to local prescribing recommendations and current clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Son Moon Shin
- a Dankook University College of Medicine , Seoul , Korea
| | - Chun Soo Kim
- b Keimyung University School of Medicine , Daegu , Korea
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Mun SK, Cho HG, Lee HK, Park SH, Park PH, Yoon MH, Jeong HS, Lim YH. High incidence of group A rotaviruses G4P[6] strains among children in Gyeonggi province of South Korea, from 2009 to 2012. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2016; 44:351-355. [PMID: 27480917 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2016.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The genotype distribution of group A rotaviruses (RVAs) circulating in Gyeonggi province, South Korea between 2009 and 2012 was investigated. A total of 2619 stool specimens from sporadic acute gastroenteritis cases and 117 acute gastroenteritis outbreaks were analyzed. Among them, RVAs were detected from 263 (10.0%) sporadic cases and 3 (2.6%) outbreaks. The G4P[6] strains predominated (29.7%), followed by G1P[8] (19.4%), G2P[4] (15.6%), G3P[8] (13.3%) and G9P[8] (6.5%) strain. Especially 96.2% of the genotype G4P[6] strains were isolated from children<1year of age. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that genotype G4P[6] strains were members of sub-lineage Ie(G4) and Ia(P[6]). Intensified monitoring of RVAs, especially G4P[6] strains among young children, is essential to control RVA infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su-Kyoung Mun
- Division of Public Health Research, Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Han-Gil Cho
- Division of Public Health Research, Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Kyung Lee
- Division of Public Health Research, Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Sin-Hee Park
- Division of Public Health Research, Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Po-Hyun Park
- Division of Public Health Research, Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Mi-Hye Yoon
- Division of Public Health Research, Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Hye-Sook Jeong
- Division of Vaccine Research, Center for Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Korea Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea
| | - Young-Hee Lim
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Changing distribution of age, clinical severity, and genotypes of rotavirus gastroenteritis in hospitalized children after the introduction of vaccination: a single center study in Seoul between 2011 and 2014. BMC Infect Dis 2016; 16:287. [PMID: 27296987 PMCID: PMC4906974 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-016-1623-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to explore changes in clinical epidemiology and genotype distribution and their association among hospitalized children with rotavirus gastroenteritis after the introduction of vaccines. Methods Between November 2010 and October 2014, hospitalized children with acute gastroenteritis were enrolled. Rotavirus genotypes were confirmed through reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), semi-nested PCR, and sequencing. Clinical information including vaccination status and the modified Vesikari scores were collected. Results Among 179 children with rotavirus infection, nineteen (10.6 %) were completely vaccinated. During the study period, the number of children between three and 23 months of age decreased significantly compared to the number of children older than 24 months of age (P = 0.010), who showed lower diarrhea severity (duration, P = 0.042; frequency, P = 0.021) but higher vomiting severity (P = 0.007, 0.036) compared to the former. Vaccination status was also significantly associated with lower vomiting severity after adjustment for age (frequency only, P = 0.018). The predominant genotypes were G2P[4] (18.4 %), G1P[8] (14.5 %), and G1P[4]P[8] (12.8 %), and the prevalence of genotypes with uncommon and mixed combinations was more than 50 %. Children infected with G2P[4] strains tended to be older (P = 0.005) and had more severe vomiting (P = 0.018, 0.006) than those with G1P[8]. Conclusions Increase in age of infected, hospitalized children was accompanied by change in clinical severity during 2011–2014 after the introduction of vaccines in Seoul. Clinical severity was also associated with vaccination status and genotype. Long-term large scale studies are needed to document the significance of the increase in genotypes of uncommon and mixed combinations. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12879-016-1623-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
|
16
|
Evidence of multiple reassortment events of feline-to-human rotaviruses based on a rare human G3P[9] rotavirus isolated from a patient with acute gastroenteritis. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2016; 46:53-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
17
|
Park SH, Kim YO, Kim HK, Kim HS, Kim BY, Cheon KR, Kim MJ, Kim SH, Chung JK, Woo YJ. Incidence of benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis after introduction of rotavirus vaccine. Brain Dev 2015; 37:625-30. [PMID: 25266417 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2014.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Revised: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Rotavirus was the most common virus in benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis (CwG), with an incidence of 40-50%. As rotavirus gastroenteritis has decreased since introduction of rotavirus vaccine, we investigated the incidence of CwG and rotavirus positivity after introduction of the vaccine. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 987 patients aged between 3months and 3years who were admitted to the Chonnam National University Hospital between March 2005 and February 2014 due to their first seizures and enrolled 102 patients with CwG. The incidences of CwG among seizure patients and stool rotavirus positivity in CwG patients were compared between two periods: period I (March 2005-February 2010) and period II (March 2010-February 2014). Other viruses in stools were also reviewed. RESULTS The incidence of CwG were 8.47% (45 among 531 patients) in period I and 12.50% (57 among 456 patients) in period II (P=0.018). Stool rotavirus was checked in 85.29% (87 patients): 82.22% (37 patients) in period I and 87.72% (50 patients) in period II (P=0.166). The positivity of rotavirus was 40.54% (15 patients) in period I and 16.00% (8 patients) in period II (P=0.01). In the patients without rotavirus gastroenteritis, 30 patients were test for other viruses. Norovirus was the most common (56.67%, 17 patients) and was more frequent in period II than I (71.43% versus 22.22%, P=0.018). CONCLUSION After introduction of rotavirus vaccine, rotavirus-associated CwG has decreased but the incidence of CwG has increased due to an increase of norovirus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hyun Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Department of Pediatrics, Chonanm National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ok Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Department of Pediatrics, Chonanm National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Han Kyul Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonanm National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Sung Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonanm National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Young Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonanm National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Ryeol Cheon
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Department of Pediatrics, Chonanm National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ji Kim
- Health and Environment Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Hee Kim
- Health and Environment Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Keun Chung
- Health and Environment Institute of Gwangju, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jong Woo
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Department of Pediatrics, Chonanm National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yeom JS, Kim YS, Kim RB, Park JS, Seo JH, Park E, Lim JY, Park CH, Woo HO, Youn HS. Impact of rotavirus vaccine introduction on rotavirus-associated seizures and a related possible mechanism. J Child Neurol 2015; 30:729-34. [PMID: 25117417 DOI: 10.1177/0883073814542944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
To determine whether clinical features of rotavirus-associated seizures have been altered by rotavirus vaccination, we compared clinical and laboratory data of 2 groups of patients with rotavirus-associated seizures: pre- and post-vaccine introduction groups. The seizure characteristics differed significantly between the groups, with a lower incidence of fever at seizure onset, longer interval between the onset of gastroenteritis and seizures, and more frequent seizures in the postintroduction group. These characteristics may suggest that seizure susceptibility was increased in the postintroduction group. Based on the lower serum Cl(-) (102.1 ± 4.1 vs 98.2 ± 3.2 mg/dL; P < .01) and Ca(2+) levels (9.2 ± 0.4 vs 9.0 ± 0.3 mg/dL; P = .12) in the postintroduction group, we propose that a change in the subjects' susceptibility to the rotavirus enterotoxin may have played a role in increasing the seizure susceptibility in this group. Our results suggest that a rotavirus vaccination program may modulate the manifestations of rotavirus-associated seizures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung Sook Yeom
- Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Jinju, Korea
| | - Young-Soo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea
| | - Rock Bum Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Ji Sook Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Jinju, Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Seo
- Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Jinju, Korea
| | - Eunsil Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Jinju, Korea
| | - Jae-Young Lim
- Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Jinju, Korea
| | - Chan-Hoo Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Jinju, Korea
| | - Hyang-Ok Woo
- Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Jinju, Korea
| | - Hee-Shang Youn
- Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Jinju, Korea Gyeongsang Institute of Health Science, Jinju, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Balique F, Lecoq H, Raoult D, Colson P. Can plant viruses cross the kingdom border and be pathogenic to humans? Viruses 2015; 7:2074-98. [PMID: 25903834 PMCID: PMC4411691 DOI: 10.3390/v7042074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytoviruses are highly prevalent in plants worldwide, including vegetables and fruits. Humans, and more generally animals, are exposed daily to these viruses, among which several are extremely stable. It is currently accepted that a strict separation exists between plant and vertebrate viruses regarding their host range and pathogenicity, and plant viruses are believed to infect only plants. Accordingly, plant viruses are not considered to present potential pathogenicity to humans and other vertebrates. Notwithstanding these beliefs, there are many examples where phytoviruses circulate and propagate in insect vectors. Several issues are raised here that question if plant viruses might further cross the kingdom barrier to cause diseases in humans. Indeed, there is close relatedness between some plant and animal viruses, and almost identical gene repertoires. Moreover, plant viruses can be detected in non-human mammals and humans samples, and there are evidence of immune responses to plant viruses in invertebrates, non-human vertebrates and humans, and of the entry of plant viruses or their genomes into non-human mammal cells and bodies after experimental exposure. Overall, the question raised here is unresolved, and several data prompt the additional extensive study of the interactions between phytoviruses and non-human mammals and humans, and the potential of these viruses to cause diseases in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Balique
- Aix-Marseille Université, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Émergentes (URMITE) UM 63 CNRS 7278 IRD 3R198 INSERM U1095, Facultés de Médecine et de Pharmacie, 27 boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille cedex 05, France.
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UR 407, Pathologie Végétale, 84140 Montfavet, France.
| | - Hervé Lecoq
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UR 407, Pathologie Végétale, 84140 Montfavet, France.
| | - Didier Raoult
- Aix-Marseille Université, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Émergentes (URMITE) UM 63 CNRS 7278 IRD 3R198 INSERM U1095, Facultés de Médecine et de Pharmacie, 27 boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille cedex 05, France.
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU) Méditerranée Infection, Pôle des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Clinique et Biologique, Fédération de Bactériologie-Hygiène-Virologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Timone, Assistance publique - hôpitaux de Marseille, 264 rue Saint-Pierre, 13385 Marseille cedex 05, France.
| | - Philippe Colson
- Aix-Marseille Université, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Émergentes (URMITE) UM 63 CNRS 7278 IRD 3R198 INSERM U1095, Facultés de Médecine et de Pharmacie, 27 boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille cedex 05, France.
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU) Méditerranée Infection, Pôle des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Clinique et Biologique, Fédération de Bactériologie-Hygiène-Virologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Timone, Assistance publique - hôpitaux de Marseille, 264 rue Saint-Pierre, 13385 Marseille cedex 05, France.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Than VT, Jeong S, Kim W. A systematic review of genetic diversity of human rotavirus circulating in South Korea. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2014; 28:462-9. [PMID: 25218045 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2014.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Revised: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Rotavirus infections continue to be the leading cause of severe diarrhea in young Korean children. Rotavirus data acquired from uninterrupted surveillance studies between 1989 and 2009 in South Korea were analyzed to better understand the genetic diversity and evolution. The relationship between rotaviruses and the currently licensed rotavirus vaccine viruses was also examined. The most prevalent rotavirus strains, with genotype G1P[8], followed by G3P[8], G4P[6], and G2P[4], accounted for approximately 76.7% of the total identified strains, and more recently, rotavirus G9P[8] has significance increased to be the fifth most common genotype. Phylogenetic analyses underscored the heterogeneity between viral populations within each genotype, with different lineages and sub-lineages. Although the currently licensed rotavirus vaccines are effective, safe, and economical, additional data from rotavirus monitoring is necessary to evaluate the efficacy of these vaccines for their sustained use in South Korea. The present study provides comprehensive and up-to-date information regarding the epidemiology, genetic diversity, and evolution of the circulating rotaviruses in South Korea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Van Thai Than
- Department of Microbiology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sunyoung Jeong
- Department of Microbiology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Wonyong Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
The Changes in the Outbreak of Rotavirus Gastroenteritis in Children after Introduction of Rotavirus Vaccines: A Retrospective Study at a Tertiary Hospital. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.14776/kjpid.2014.21.3.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|