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Ozdemir M, Tepe T, Ozlu F, Yapicioglu H, Atmıs A, Demir F, Unal I, Narli N. Lung ultrasound score in the decision of patent ductus arteriosus closure in neonates. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ULTRASOUND : JCU 2024; 52:415-425. [PMID: 38385619 DOI: 10.1002/jcu.23653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to investigate the role of lung ultrasound (LUS) score in the closure of hemodynamically insignificant patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and the clinical findings of the patients before and after closure. METHODS The study groups (107 preterm neonates under 34 gestational weeks) were classified as hemodynamically significant PDA (group 1), hemodynamically insignificant PDA with closure therapy (group 2), hemodynamically insignificant PDA without closure therapy (group 3), and no PDA group (group 4) based on the echocardiography. 6- and 10-region LUS scores were compared for each group. RESULTS There was a significant difference between groups 1 and 3 on first, third, and seventh days. In contrast, groups 1 and 2 had similar LUS scores on the first, third, and seventh days. There was a negative correlation between LUS scores on the first and third days and gestational age, birth weight, the first- and fifth-minute APGAR scores, and there was a positive correlation between aortic root to left atrium ratio, and PDA diameter/weight ratio. CONCLUSION We observed that LUS scores in patients with hemodynamically insignificant PDA treated with closure therapy were similar to in patients with hemodynamically significant PDA. Thus, LUS score can have role in PDA closure in preterm neonates. However, more comprehensive studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Ozdemir
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Tugay Tepe
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Ferda Ozlu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Hacer Yapicioglu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Anıl Atmıs
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Fadli Demir
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Ilker Unal
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| | - Nejat Narli
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
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Francescato G, Doni D, Annoni G, Capolupo I, Ciarmoli E, Corsini I, Gatelli IF, Salvadori S, Testa A, Butera G. Transcatheter closure in preterm infants with patent ductus arteriosus: feasibility, results, hemodynamic monitoring and future prospectives. Ital J Pediatr 2023; 49:147. [PMID: 37932790 PMCID: PMC10629028 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-023-01552-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ductal patency of preterm infants is potentially associated with long term morbidities related to either pulmonary overflow or systemic steal. When an interventional closure is needed, it can be achieved with either surgical ligation or a catheter-based approach.Transcatheter PDA closure is among the safest of interventional cardiac procedures and it is the first choice for ductal closure in adults, children, and infants weighing more than 6 kg. In preterm and very low birth weight infants, it is increasingly becoming a valid and safe alternative to ligation, especially for the high success rate and the minor invasiveness and side effects. Nevertheless, being it performed at increasingly lower weights and gestational ages, hemodynamic complications are possible events to be foreseen.Procedural steps, timing, results, possible complications and available monitoring systems, as well as future outlooks are here discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Francescato
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| | - Daniela Doni
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo Dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Annoni
- Pediatric Cardiology, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Irma Capolupo
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Ciarmoli
- U.O. Di Neonatologia, Patologia Neonatale E Pediatria, ASST Della Brianza, P.O. Vimercate, Vimercate, Italy
| | - Iuri Corsini
- Division of Neonatalogy, Careggi University Hospital of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Italo Francesco Gatelli
- Division of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Sabrina Salvadori
- Women and Child Health Department, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera -Università Di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Alberto Testa
- Sapienza School for Advanced Studies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Butera
- Cardiology, Cardiac Surgery and Heart Lung Transplantation; ERN GUARD HEART: Bambino Gesù Hospital and Research Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Martini S, Gatelli IF, Vitelli O, Vitali F, De Rienzo F, Parladori R, Corvaglia L, Martinelli S. Impact of patent ductus arteriosus on non-invasive assessments of lung fluids in very preterm infants during the transitional period. Eur J Pediatr 2023; 182:4247-4251. [PMID: 37458816 PMCID: PMC10570199 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-023-05106-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
This prospective observational study aimed to evaluate whether lung fluids, assessed by lung ultrasonography and transthoracic electrical bioimpedance (TEB), may be influenced by the presence of a haemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA) in very preterm infants during the transitional period. Infants < 32 weeks of gestational age (GA) admitted to the neonatal intensive care units of IRCCS AOU Bologna and Niguarda Metropolitan Hospital of Milan (Italy) underwent a daily assessment of a lung ultrasound score (LUS) and of a TEB-derived index of thoracic fluid contents (TFC) during the first 72 h after birth. Echocardiographic scans were simultaneously performed to evaluate the concomitant ductal status (hsPDA vs. restrictive or closed duct). The correlation between LUS, TFC, and the ductal status was tested using generalized estimating equations. Forty-six infants (median GA: 29 [interquartile range, IQR: 27-31] weeks; median birth weight: 1099 [IQR: 880-1406] g) were included. At each daily evaluation, the presence of a hsPDA was associated with significantly higher LUS and TFC compared with a restrictive or closed ductus (p < 0.01 for all comparisons). These results were confirmed significant even after adjustment for GA and for the ongoing modality of respiratory support. Conclusion: Even during the first 72 h of life, the presence of a hsPDA determines a significant increase in pulmonary fluids which can be non-invasively detected and monitored over time using lung ultrasonography and TEB. What is Known: • Lung ultrasonography provides a non-invasive assessment of lung fluids and is widely used in neonatal settings. • In preterm infants, the persistence of a haemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA) over the first weeks can negatively affect pulmonary outcomes. What is New: • The presence of aan hsPDA is associated with increased lung fluids since early postnatal phases. • Lung ultrasonography and transthoracic electrical bioimpedance can effectively monitor lung fluid clearance in preterm infants with a hsPDA during the transitional period, with potential clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Martini
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, IRCCS AOU S. Orsola, Bologna, Italy.
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Italo Francesco Gatelli
- Division of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Ottavio Vitelli
- Division of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Vitali
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, IRCCS AOU S. Orsola, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca De Rienzo
- Division of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Luigi Corvaglia
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, IRCCS AOU S. Orsola, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Martinelli
- Division of Neonatology and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
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Liu TX, Zheng JX, Chen Z, Zhang ZC, Li D, Shi LP. An interpretable machine-learning model for predicting the efficacy of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for closing hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1097950. [PMID: 37082702 PMCID: PMC10110971 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1097950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been widely used in the closure of ductus arteriosus in premature infants. We aimed to develop and validate an interpretable machine-learning model for predicting the efficacy of NSAIDs for closing hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA) in preterm infants. Methods We assessed 182 preterm infants ≤ 30 weeks of gestational age first treated with NSAIDs to close hsPDA. According to the treatment outcome, patients were divided into a "success" group and "failure" group. Variables for analysis were demographic features, clinical features, as well as laboratory and echocardiographic parameters within 72 h before medication use. We developed the machine-learning model using random forests. Model performance was assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Variable-importance and marginal-effect plots were constructed to explain the predictive model. The model was validated using an external cohort of two preterm infants who received ibuprofen (p.o.) to treat hsPDA. Results Eighty-three cases (45.6%) were in the success group and 99 (54.4%) in the failure group. Infants in the success group were associated with maternal chorioamnionitis (p = 0.002), multiple births (p = 0.007), gestational age at birth (p = 0.020), use of indometacin (p = 0.007), use of inotropic agents (p < 0.001), noninvasive ventilation (p = 0.001), plasma albumin level (p < 0.001), PDA size (p = 0.038) and Vmax (p = 0.013). Multivariable binary logistic regression analysis showed that maternal chorioamnionitis, multiple births, use of indomethacin, use of inotropic agents, plasma albumin level, and PDA size were independent risk factors influencing the efficacy of NSAIDs (p < 0.05). The AUC of the random forest model was 0.792. The top-three features contributing most to the model in the variable-importance plot were the plasma albumin level and platelet count 72 h before treatment and 24-h urine volume before treatment. In the external cohort, treatment succeeded in one case and failed in the other. The probabilities of success and failure predicted by the random forest model were 60.2% and 48.4%, respectively. Conclusion Based on clinical, laboratory, and echocardiographic features before first-time NSAIDs treatment, we constructed an interpretable machine-learning model, which has a certain reference value for predicting the closure of hsPDA in premature infants under 30 weeks of gestational age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Xiang Liu
- Department of NICU, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Xin Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, Ruijin Hospital, Institute of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of NICU, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
- Yiwu Branch, Children's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Zi-Chen Zhang
- Department of NICU, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of NICU, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li-Ping Shi
- Department of NICU, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
- Correspondence: Li-Ping Shi
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Savoia M, Miletic P, De Martino M, Morassutti FR. Lung ultrasound score follows the chronic pulmonary insufficiency of prematurity trajectory in early infancy. Eur J Pediatr 2022; 181:4157-4166. [PMID: 36166097 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-022-04629-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Extremely preterm birth is associated with a high risk of chronic pulmonary insufficiency of prematurity (CPIP). Lung ultrasound score (LUS) proved capable to characterise CPIP progression beyond the acute setting, but still, post-discharge data remain lacking. We hypothesised a priori that LUS in both BPD and no-BPD infants declines with postnatal age from birth through early infancy. This observational retrospective cohort study included preterm infants < 32 gestational weeks, who underwent the follow-up for CPIP. LUS was assessed from birth to 8 months postnatal age, over antero-lateral (LUS) and posterior (pLUS) pulmonary areas, placing the transducer longitudinally over the midclavicular and midaxillary lines and medial to the scapular line respectively. Extended LUS (eLUS) including LUS and pLUS was calculated. The primary outcome was LUS time course. Secondary outcomes included the correlation between LUS and pLUS. Sixty-two infants were included: 22 (35.5%) in the BPD group and 40 (64.5%) in the no-BPD group. BPD group infants were smaller (weight 841 g (± 228) vs 1226 (± 328), p < 0.001) and younger (26.8 weeks (± 2.0) vs 28.9 (± 1.9), p < 0.001). LUS declined over time in the entire population (ß = - 1.75, p < 0.001) and in both no-BPD and BPD groups (ß = - 1.64, p < 0.001 and ß = - 1.93, p < 0.001, respectively). eLUS declined correspondingly (p < 0.001). LUS and likewise eLUS were significantly different between BPD and no-BPD groups over time (p < 0.001). Conclusion: LUS trajectory progressively decreased from birth to early infancy. BPD cohort tracked higher, implying a worse respiratory status. pLUS had a similar timepoint course, adding no further information to LUS. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that describes preterm LUS time course after discharge. LUS may help track the CPIP progression. What is Known: • Extremely preterm birth is associated with high risk of chronic pulmonary insufficiency of prematurity (CPIP). • Several studies investigated the ability of lung ultrasound score (LUS) to characterize CPIP progression beyond the acute setting, still post-discharge data remain lacking. What is New: • LUS trajectory progressively decreases from birth to early infancy; BPD cohort tracks higher, implying a worse respiratory status. pLUS has similar timepoint course, adding no further information to LUS. • The use of LUS may contribute to better characterising and monitoring CPIP in BPD and no-BPD infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilena Savoia
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Santa Maria Della Misericordia Hospital, Piazzale Santa Maria della Misericordia, 15, 33100, Udine, Italy.
| | - Patrik Miletic
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Santa Maria Della Misericordia Hospital, Piazzale Santa Maria della Misericordia, 15, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - Maria De Martino
- Division of Medical Statistic, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Francesca Rech Morassutti
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Santa Maria Della Misericordia Hospital, Piazzale Santa Maria della Misericordia, 15, 33100, Udine, Italy
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