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Lu D, Wang Z, Chen Z, Fan J, Zhai J, Fang D, Cai H, Liu X, Wu H, Cai K. Olmesartan Attenuates Single-Lung Ventilation Induced Lung Injury via Regulating Pulmonary Microbiota. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:822615. [PMID: 35401192 PMCID: PMC8984607 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.822615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-lung ventilation (SLV) associated acute lung injury is similar to ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury which is usually occurred during lung surgery. Olmesartan (Olm), a novel angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB), has been reported to ameliorate organ IR injury. Several recent studies have shown that lung microbiota may be involved in pulmonary diseases, but the effect of pulmonary microbiota in SLV-induced lung injury has not been reported. This study aims to determine the mechanism of how Olm attenuates SLV induced lung injury. Our data showed that 7 days Olm treatment before modeling markedly alleviated SLV-induced lung injury by suppressing inflammation and reactive oxygen species. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples from the injured side were collected for 16S rRNA gene-based sequencing analysis and 53 different bacteria at the genus and species levels were identified. Furthermore, the injured lung samples were collected for metabolomics analysis using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses to explore differential metabolites. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) was applied to analyze the correlation between differential metabolites and lung microbiota. A total of 38 pathways were identified according to differential metabolites and 275 relevant pathways were enriched via analyzing the microbial community, 24 pathways were both identified by analyzing either metabolites or microbiota, including pyrimidine metabolism, purine metabolism, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis and ATP-binding cassette transporter. Besides classical blockage of the renin-angiotensin II system, Olm could also alleviate SLV-induced lung injury by rewiring the interaction between pulmonary microbiota and metabolites.
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Lau HC, Hsueh CY, Gong H, Sun J, Huang HY, Zhang M, Zhou L. Oropharynx microbiota transitions in hypopharyngeal carcinoma treatment of induced chemotherapy followed by surgery. BMC Microbiol 2021; 21:310. [PMID: 34753420 PMCID: PMC8577011 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02362-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To analyze changes in oropharynx microbiota composition after receiving induced chemotherapy followed by surgery for hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPSCC) patients. METHODS Clinical data and swab samples of 38 HPSCC patients (HPSCC group) and 30 patients with benign disease (control group, CG) were enrolled in the study. HPSCC group was stratified into two groups: induced chemotherapy group (IC) of 10 patients and non-induced chemotherapy group (nIC) of 28 patients. The microbiota from oropharyngeal membrane was analyzed through 16S rRNA sequencing. RESULTS Alpha-diversity (Shannon and Ace indexes) and weighted UniFrac based beta-diversity severely decreased in the HPSCC group when compared with CG. In pre-operative comparisons, PCoA and NMDS analyses showed microbial structures in the IC group were more similar to CG than nIC. Both IC group and nIC group yielded significantly diverse post-operative communities in contrast to their pre-operative counterparts, evident by the decrease in genera Veillonella and Fusobacterium and increase in genera Streptococcus and Gemella. Given that post-operative oropharynx microbiota showed no difference between IC and nIC groups, the IC group showed less accumulation in anaerobic communities. The abundance of genera Fusobacterium, Parvimonas, Actinomyces were enhanced in the advanced stages (III/IV). CONCLUSIONS Oropharynx microbiota in the HPSCC group presents dysbiosis with low diversity and abundance. Induced chemotherapy is beneficial in adjusting the oropharynx microbial environment leading to fewer amounts of anaerobe accumulation after operation. Higher amounts of Fusobacterium in advanced stages (III/IV) may influence the progression of HPSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ching Lau
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Clinical Disciplines of Otorhinolaryngology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi-Yao Hsueh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Clinical Disciplines of Otorhinolaryngology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongli Gong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Key Clinical Disciplines of Otorhinolaryngology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, 83 Fen Yang Road, Shanghai, 200031, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ji Sun
- Department of Pathology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Ying Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Clinical Disciplines of Otorhinolaryngology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Clinical Disciplines of Otorhinolaryngology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Key Clinical Disciplines of Otorhinolaryngology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, 83 Fen Yang Road, Shanghai, 200031, People's Republic of China.
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The Relationship between Mycoplasmas and Cancer: Is It Fact or Fiction ? Narrative Review and Update on the Situation. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:9986550. [PMID: 34373693 PMCID: PMC8349275 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9986550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
More than one million new cancer cases occur worldwide every year. Although many clinical trials are applied and recent diagnostic tools are employed, curing cancer disease is still a great challenge for mankind. Heredity and epigenetics are the main risk factors often related to cancer. Although, the infectious etiological role in carcinogenesis was also theorized. By establishing chronic infection and inflammation in their hosts, several microorganisms were suggested to cause cell transformation. Of these suspicious microorganisms, mycoplasmas were well regarded because of their intimate parasitism with host cells, as well as their silent and insidious role during infections. This assumption has opened many questions about the real role played by mycoplasmas in oncogenesis. Herein, we presented a sum up of many studies among the hundreds which had addressed the Mycoplasma-cancer topic over the past 50 years. Research studies in this field have first started by approving the mycoplasmas malignancy potential. Indeed, using animal models and in vitro experiments in various cell lines from human and other mammalians, many mycoplasmas were proven to cause varied modifications leading to cell transformation. Moreover, many studies have looked upon the Mycoplasma-cancer subject from an epidemiological point of view. Diverse techniques were used to assess the mycoplasmas prevalence in patients with cancer from different countries. Not less than 10 Mycoplasma species were detected in the context of at least 15 cancer types affecting the brain, the breast, the lymphatic system, and different organs in the genitourinary, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and urinary tracts. Based on these revelations, one should concede that detection of mycoplasmas often linked to ‘‘wolf in sheep's clothing” is not a coincidence and might have a role in cancer. Thorough investigations are needed to better elucidate this role. This would have a substantial impact on the improvement of cancer diagnosis and its prevention.
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Gómez Rufo D, García Sánchez E, García Sánchez JE, García Moro M. [Clinical implications of the genus Mycoplasma]. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE QUIMIOTERAPIA 2021; 34:169-184. [PMID: 33735544 PMCID: PMC8179937 DOI: 10.37201/req/014.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Dentro del género Mycoplasma, las especies que tradicionalmente se han relacionado con cuadros infecciosos han sido principalmente M. pneumoniae, M. genitalium, M. hominis o U. urealyticum. Sin embargo, existen otras muchas que están implicadas y, que muchas veces, son desconocidas para los profesionales sanitarios. El objetivo de esta revisión es identificar todas las especies del género Mycoplasma que se han aislado en el hombre y determinar su participación en la patología infecciosa humana.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - E García Sánchez
- Enrique García Sánchez, Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Salamanca. Spain.
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Dai Y, Zhong F, Liu W, Song Q, Hu W. Mycoplasma hyorhinis infection promotes tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) resistance in lung adenocarcinoma patients. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2021; 147:1379-1388. [PMID: 33550434 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03547-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the relationship between Mycoplasma hyorhinis infection and tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) resistance in lung adenocarcinoma patients. METHODS Mycoplasma hyorhinis infection can be verified with the monoclonal antibody PD4, which specifically recognizes a distinct protein of M. hyorhinis. Immunohistochemistry (IHC), using PD4 to detect M. hyorhinis, was performed on paraffin-embedded lung adenocarcinoma tissues of patients who had epidermal growth factor (EGFR) mutations and had received oral TKI. The number of patients enrolled in our study was 101. Assessments following TKI treatment were performed until objective disease progression or stable disease at the cutoff date was reached. In all of the patients, the primary endpoint was investigator-assessed progression-free survival (PFS). RESULTS Immunohistochemistry revealed that 61 of 101 cases (60.4%) of lung adenocarcinoma were positive for M. hyorhinis, which comprised of 31 low-positive cases and 30 high-positive cases; the remaining 40 cases (39.6%) were negative. The median PFS was significantly longer in the negative group [18 months (95% CI 14.15-21.85)] than in the low-positive group [10 months (95% CI 7.70-12.30); hazard ratio (HR) 4.095, 95% CI 2.254-7.438; p < 0.001] and in the high-positive group [4 months (95% CI 2.85-5.15); HR 31.703, 95% CI 14.425-69.678; p < 0.001]. The results of the subgroup analysis were satisfactory. The PFS benefit with negative M. hyorhinis infection was consistent across subgroups. CONCLUSIONS In this retrospective, exploratory analysis, M. hyorhinis infection significantly reduced PFS. With increased levels of M. hyorhinis infection, the progression of the disease was more advanced, likely due to the hydrolysis of TKI by M. hyorhinis. A strong correlation was found between M. hyorhinis infection and TKI resistance in lung adenocarcinoma. This study provides potent evidence that M. hyorhinis hydrolyses TKI and will assist in the research of related mechanisms in the future. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS It provides an option to improve the efficacy of TKI, including strategies to decrease M. hyorhinis infection, thereby reducing long-term distress in TKI resistance patients with EGFR mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyu Dai
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangyuan Zhong
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbin Liu
- College of Health Sciences and Nursing, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, People's Republic of China
| | - Qibin Song
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China.
| | - Weiguo Hu
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China.
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Huff LM, Horibata S, Robey RW, Hall MD, Gottesman MM. Mycoplasma Infection Mediates Sensitivity of Multidrug-Resistant Cell Lines to Tiopronin: A Cautionary Tale. J Med Chem 2020; 63:1434-1439. [PMID: 31702923 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
We previously reported that some, but not all, multidrug-resistant cells that overexpressed various drug-resistance transporters were collaterally sensitive to tiopronin. In recent follow-up studies, we discovered that sensitivity to tiopronin in the original study was mediated by infection of the cells by a human-specific strain of mycoplasma. These results strongly support the need to constantly monitor cells for mycoplasma infection and keep stored samples of all cells that are used for in vitro studies.
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Zhu H, Wei Y, Huang L, Liu D, Xie Y, Xia D, Bian H, Feng L, Liu C. Identification of specific B cell linear epitopes of mycoplasma hyorhinis P37 protein using monoclonal antibodies against baculovirus-expressed P37 protein. BMC Microbiol 2019; 19:242. [PMID: 31690259 PMCID: PMC6833164 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-019-1614-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mycoplasma hyorhinis (Mhr) is the etiologic agent of lameness and polyserositis in swine. P37 is a membrane protein of Mhr that may be an important immunogen and is a potential target for diagnostic development. However, there is little information concerning Mhr P37 protein epitopes. A precise analysis of the P37 protein epitopes should extend our understanding of the antigenic composition of the P37 protein and the humoral immune responses to Mhr infection. Investigating the epitopes of Mhr P37 will help to establish a detection method for Mhr in tissue and provide an effective tool for detecting Mhr infection. RESULTS Western blot and indirect immunofluorescence assays (IFA) confirmed that the expressed P37 protein was recognized by Mhr-positive porcine and mouse sera. Furthermore, the P37 protein was purified using affinity chromatography and used to immunize mice for hybridoma cell fusion. Four monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) found to be positive for Mhr were detected in infected lung tissue. A panel of truncated P37 proteins was used to identify the minimal B cell linear epitopes of the protein based on these mAbs. The core epitope was determined to be 206KIKKAWNDKDWNTFRNF222. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we identified 17 critical amino acids that determine the epitope of the P37 protein of Mhr. This study identified mAbs that could provide useful tools for investigating the Mhr P37 antigenic core epitope (amino acids 206-222) and detecting Mhr-specific antigens in infected tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhen Zhu
- Division of Swine Digestive System Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 678 Ha-ping Street, Xiang-fang region, Harbin, 150069, China
| | - Yanwu Wei
- Division of Swine Digestive System Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 678 Ha-ping Street, Xiang-fang region, Harbin, 150069, China
| | - Liping Huang
- Division of Swine Digestive System Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 678 Ha-ping Street, Xiang-fang region, Harbin, 150069, China
| | - Dan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Ji Lin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Yongxing Xie
- Division of Swine Digestive System Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 678 Ha-ping Street, Xiang-fang region, Harbin, 150069, China
| | - Deli Xia
- Division of Swine Digestive System Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 678 Ha-ping Street, Xiang-fang region, Harbin, 150069, China
| | - Haiqiao Bian
- Division of Swine Digestive System Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 678 Ha-ping Street, Xiang-fang region, Harbin, 150069, China
| | - Li Feng
- Division of Swine Digestive System Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 678 Ha-ping Street, Xiang-fang region, Harbin, 150069, China
| | - Changming Liu
- Division of Swine Digestive System Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 678 Ha-ping Street, Xiang-fang region, Harbin, 150069, China.
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