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Kim J, Park S, Kim SJ, Yoo I, Kim H, Hwang S, Sim KM, Kim I, Jun E. High-throughput drug screening using a library of antibiotics targeting cancer cell lines that are resistant and sensitive to gemcitabine. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 730:150369. [PMID: 39013264 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Gemcitabine is a nucleoside analog widely used as an anticancer agent against several types of cancer. Although gemcitabine sometimes shows excellent effectiveness, cancer cells are often poorly responsive to or resistant to the drug. Recently, specific strains or dysbiosis of the human microbiome were correlated with drug reactivity and resistance acquisition. Therefore, we aimed to identify antibiotic compounds that can modulate the microbiome to enhance the responsiveness to gemcitabine. To achieve this, we confirmed the gemcitabine responsiveness based on public data and conducted drug screening on a set of 250 antibiotics compounds. Subsequently, we performed experiments to investigate whether the selected compounds could enhance the responsiveness to gemcitabine. First, we grouped a total of seven tumor cell lines into resistant and sensitive group based on the IC50 value (1 μM) of gemcitabine obtained from the public data. Second, we performed high-throughput screening with compound treatments, identifying seven compounds from the resistant group and five from the sensitive group based on dose dependency. Finally, the combination of the selected compound, puromycin dihydrochloride, with gemcitabine in gemcitabine-resistant cell lines resulted in extensive cell death and a significant increase in cytotoxic efficacy. Additionally, mRNA levels associated with cell viability and stemness were reduced. Through this study, we screened antibiotics to further improve the efficacy of existing anticancer drugs and overcome resistance. By combining existing anticancer agents and antibiotic substances, we hope to establish various drug combination therapies and ultimately improve cancer treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinju Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Sojung Park
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Jin Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Inha Yoo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Heeseon Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Supyong Hwang
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Mi Sim
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Inki Kim
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eunsung Jun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; Division of Hepato-Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea.
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Chung IY, Kim J, Koh A. The Microbiome Matters: Its Impact on Cancer Development and Therapeutic Responses. J Microbiol 2024; 62:137-152. [PMID: 38587593 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-024-00110-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
In the evolving landscape of cancer research, the human microbiome emerges as a pivotal determinant reshaping our understanding of tumorigenesis and therapeutic responses. Advanced sequencing technologies have uncovered a vibrant microbial community not confined to the gut but thriving within tumor tissues. Comprising bacteria, viruses, and fungi, this diverse microbiota displays distinct signatures across various cancers, with most research primarily focusing on bacteria. The correlations between specific microbial taxa within different cancer types underscore their pivotal roles in driving tumorigenesis and influencing therapeutic responses, particularly in chemotherapy and immunotherapy. This review amalgamates recent discoveries, emphasizing the translocation of the oral microbiome to the gut as a potential marker for microbiome dysbiosis across diverse cancer types and delves into potential mechanisms contributing to cancer promotion. Furthermore, it highlights the adverse effects of the microbiome on cancer development while exploring its potential in fortifying strategies for cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Young Chung
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jihyun Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Ara Koh
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
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Filippou C, Themistocleous SC, Marangos G, Panayiotou Y, Fyrilla M, Kousparou CA, Pana ZD, Tsioutis C, Johnson EO, Yiallouris A. Microbial Therapy and Breast Cancer Management: Exploring Mechanisms, Clinical Efficacy, and Integration within the One Health Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1110. [PMID: 38256183 PMCID: PMC10816061 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive review elucidates the profound relationship between the human microbiome and breast cancer management. Recent findings highlight the significance of microbial alterations in tissue, such as the gut and the breast, and their role in influencing the breast cancer risk, development, progression, and treatment outcomes. We delve into how the gut microbiome can modulate systemic inflammatory responses and estrogen levels, thereby impacting cancer initiation and therapeutic drug efficacy. Furthermore, we explore the unique microbial diversity within breast tissue, indicating potential imbalances brought about by cancer and highlighting specific microbes as promising therapeutic targets. Emphasizing a holistic One Health approach, this review underscores the importance of integrating insights from human, animal, and environmental health to gain a deeper understanding of the complex microbe-cancer interplay. As the field advances, the strategic manipulation of the microbiome and its metabolites presents innovative prospects for the enhancement of cancer diagnostics and therapeutics. However, rigorous clinical trials remain essential to confirm the potential of microbiota-based interventions in breast cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Andreas Yiallouris
- School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, 6 Diogenis Str., 2404 Engomi, P.O. Box 22006, Nicosia 1516, Cyprus
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Hand J, Imlay H. Antimicrobial Stewardship in Immunocompromised Patients: Current State and Future Opportunities. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2023; 37:823-851. [PMID: 37741735 DOI: 10.1016/j.idc.2023.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Immunocompromised (IC) patients are high risk for complications due to a high rate of antibiotic exposure. Antimicrobial stewardship interventions targeted to IC patients can be challenging due to limited data in this population and a high risk of severe infection-related outcomes. Here, the authors review immunocompromised antimicrobial stewardship barriers, metrics, and opportunities for antimicrobial use and testing optimization. Last, the authors highlight future steps in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Hand
- Ochsner Health, New Orleans, LA, USA; University of Queensland School of Medicine, Ochsner Clinical School
| | - Hannah Imlay
- University of Utah Department of Internal Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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Liang Y, Li H, Li S, Chen S. Organic diffusive gradients in thin films (o-DGT) for determining environmental behaviors of antibiotics: A review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132279. [PMID: 37597396 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics are recognized as effective medicine that has been extensively used in human and veterinary. Since the rate of releasing into the environment is stronger than the rate of elimination, antibiotics are regarded as persistent or "pseudo-persistent" organic compounds that result in the development of microbial antibiotic resistance. Therefore, assessment for their ecological risks to the environment are essential. Diffusive gradients in thin films for organic compounds (o-DGT) have been adapted to investigate the environmental behaviors of antibiotics. Currently, more than 20 compounds have been tested by o-DGT in waters and soil environments. In this review, we explained the theoretical reason that o-DGT is feasible to determine the labile fraction of antibiotics in different environmental media. The most used agarose diffusive gel, and various binding agents such as resin, porous carbon and nano-scale materials have been compared to optimize the sampling of antibiotics by o-DGT. Results of deploying o-DGT devices in waters and soils from previous studies were discussed to understand the bioavailability and dynamic transport of antibiotics. Also, we provided the feasibility analysis of using o-DGT in sediments for antibiotics measurements, which is required to be carried out in future studies. To have a deep view on the development of o-DGT, its technical limitations and viable improvements were summarized in this study for further applications on antibiotics research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Liang
- Department of Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Hanbing Li
- Department of Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Sumei Li
- Department of Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Sha Chen
- Department of Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
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Malanovic N, Vejzovic D. Novel insights at the crossroads of antibiotic use and cancer risk. Cell Stress 2023; 7:46-49. [PMID: 37265742 PMCID: PMC10231269 DOI: 10.15698/cst2023.06.280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The continuous use of antibiotics is associated with the spread of antimicrobial resistances and the not yet clear link to cancer development. Many conventional antibiotics have already shown different effects on a variety of cancer types raising questions for their rational use in cancer. However, discrepancy in the observed trend for some antibiotics reducing cancer development and being associated with higher risk of cancer underscores the lack of understanding the complex link between antibiotics and cancer. Here, we briefly summarize the possible antibiotic-mediated effects on cancer and conclude that those effects can be direct via i) specific targeting of tumor/cancer, ii) antimicrobial activity and iii) immunomodulatory activity whereby iv) indirectly caused effects primarily affect immune equilibrium between bacteria, cancer and immune cells. Furthermore, we also conclude that there is a great need for bulk profiling, comprehensive screening programs in all countries and in-depth studies to understand the risks and benefits of antibiotic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nermina Malanovic
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Djenana Vejzovic
- Division of Biomedical Research, Core Facility Alternative Biomodels and Preclinical Imaging, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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