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Wang Y, Wu S, Song Z, Yang Y, Li Y, Li J. Unveiling the pathological functions of SOCS in colorectal cancer: Current concepts and future perspectives. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 262:155564. [PMID: 39216322 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a significant global health challenge, marked by increasing incidence and mortality rates in recent years. The pathogenesis of CRC is complex, involving chronic inflammation of the intestinal mucosa, heightened immunoinflammatory responses, and resistance to apoptosis. The suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) family, comprised of key negative regulators within cytokine signaling pathways, plays a crucial role in cell proliferation, growth, and metabolic regulation. Deficiencies in various SOCS proteins can trigger the activation of the Janus kinase (JAK) and signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) pathways, following the binding of cytokines and growth factors to their receptors. Mounting evidence indicates that SOCS proteins are integral to the development and progression of CRC, positioning them as promising targets for novel anticancer therapies. This review delves into the structure, function, and molecular mechanisms of SOCS family members, examining their roles in cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and immune modulation. Additionally, it explores their potential impact on the regulation of CRC immunotherapy, offering new insights and perspectives that may inform the development of innovative therapeutic strategies for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- YuHan Wang
- College of Integrative of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China; Department of Anorectal, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Sha Wu
- Department of Anorectal, Nanchuan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchuan, Chongqing, 408400, China
| | - ZhiHui Song
- College of Integrative of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Yu Yang
- College of Integrative of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - YaLing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
| | - Jun Li
- Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China; Department of Anorectal, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
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Zhang G, Li J, Li G, Zhang J, Yang Z, Yang L, Jiang S, Wang J. Strategies for treating the cold tumors of cholangiocarcinoma: core concepts and future directions. Clin Exp Med 2024; 24:193. [PMID: 39141161 PMCID: PMC11324771 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-024-01460-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a rare type of digestive tract cancer originating from the epithelial cells of the liver and biliary tract. Current treatment modalities for CCA, such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy, have demonstrated limited efficacy in enhancing survival rates. Despite the revolutionary potential of immunotherapy in cancer management, its application in CCA remains restricted due to the minimal infiltration of immune cells in these tumors, rendering them cold and unresponsive to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Cancer cells within cold tumors deploy various mechanisms for evading immune attack, thus impeding clinical management. Recently, combination immunotherapy has become increasingly essential to comprehend the mechanisms underlying cold tumors to enhance a deficient antitumor immune response. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the knowledge on the combination immunotherapy of cold CCA is imperative to leverage the benefits of immunotherapy in treating patients. Moreover, gut microbiota plays an essential role in the immunotherapeutic responses in CCA. In this review, we summarize the current concepts of immunotherapy in CCA and clarify the intricate dynamics within the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) of CCA. We also delve into the evasion mechanisms employed by CCA tumors against the anti-tumor immune responses. The context of combination immunotherapies in igniting cold tumors of CCA and the critical function of gut microbiota in prompting immune responses have also been annotated. Furthermore, we have proposed future directions in the realm of CCA immunotherapy, aiming to improve the clinical prognosis of CCA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- GuanBo Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Vascular Surgery, Chengdu Seventh People's Hospital, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - JinSong Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Vascular Surgery, Chengdu Seventh People's Hospital, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Vascular Surgery, Chengdu Seventh People's Hospital, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Vascular Surgery, Chengdu Seventh People's Hospital, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Vascular Surgery, Chengdu Seventh People's Hospital, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Vascular Surgery, Chengdu Seventh People's Hospital, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - ShiJie Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Vascular Surgery, Chengdu Seventh People's Hospital, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - JiaXing Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Vascular Surgery, Chengdu Seventh People's Hospital, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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Dobovišek L, Borštnar S, Debeljak N, Kranjc Brezar S. Cannabinoids and triple-negative breast cancer treatment. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1386548. [PMID: 39176080 PMCID: PMC11338791 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1386548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for about 10-20% of all breast cancer cases and is associated with an unfavorable prognosis. Until recently, treatment options for TNBC were limited to chemotherapy. A new successful systemic treatment is immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors, but new tumor-specific biomarkers are needed to improve patient outcomes. Cannabinoids show antitumor activity in most preclinical studies in TNBC models and do not appear to have adverse effects on chemotherapy. Clinical data are needed to evaluate efficacy and safety in humans. Importantly, the endocannabinoid system is linked to the immune system and immunosuppression. Therefore, cannabinoid receptors could be a potential biomarker for immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy or a novel mechanism to reverse resistance to immunotherapy. In this article, we provide an overview of the currently available information on how cannabinoids may influence standard therapy in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luka Dobovišek
- Division of Medical Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Simona Borštnar
- Division of Medical Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nataša Debeljak
- Medical Centre for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Simona Kranjc Brezar
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Gallagher TJ, Chung RS, Lin ME, Kim I, Kokot NC. Cannabis Use and Head and Neck Cancer. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2024:2822269. [PMID: 39115834 PMCID: PMC11310842 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2024.2419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/11/2024]
Abstract
Importance Cannabis is the most commonly used illicit substance worldwide. Whether cannabis use is associated with head and neck cancer (HNC) is unclear. Objective To assess the clinical association between cannabis use and HNC. Design, Setting, and Participants This large multicenter cohort study used clinical records from a database that included 20 years of data (through April 2024) from 64 health care organizations. A database was searched for medical records for US adults with and without cannabis-related disorder who had recorded outpatient hospital clinic visits and no prior history of HNC. Propensity score matching was performed for demographic characteristics, alcohol-related disorders, and tobacco use. Subsequently, relative risks (RRs) were calculated to explore risk of HNC, including HNC subsites. This analysis was repeated among those younger than 60 years and 60 years or older. Exposure Cannabis-related disorder. Main Outcomes and Measures Diagnosis of HNC and any HNC subsite. Results The cannabis-related disorder cohort included 116 076 individuals (51 646 women [44.5%]) with a mean (SD) age of 46.4 (16.8) years. The non-cannabis-related disorder cohort included 3 985 286 individuals (2 173 684 women [54.5%]) with a mean (SD) age of 60.8 (20.6) years. The rate of new HNC diagnosis in all sites was higher in the cannabis-related disorder cohort. After matching (n = 115 865 per group), patients with cannabis-related disorder had a higher risk of any HNC (RR, 3.49; 95% CI, 2.78-4.39) than those without HNC. A site-specific analysis yielded that those with cannabis-related disorder had a higher risk of oral (RR, 2.51; 95% CI, 1.81-3.47), oropharyngeal (RR, 4.90; 95% CI, 2.99-8.02), and laryngeal (RR, 8.39; 95% CI, 4.72-14.90) cancer. Results were consistent when stratifying by older and younger age group. Conclusions and Relevance This cohort study highlights an association between cannabis-related disorder and the development of HNC in adult patients. Given the limitations of the database, future research should examine the mechanism of this association and analyze dose response with strong controls to further support evidence of cannabis use as a risk factor for HNCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler J. Gallagher
- Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Ryan S. Chung
- Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Matthew E. Lin
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Ian Kim
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Disease Prevention, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | - Niels C. Kokot
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles
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Lee CW, Chen HY, Tsai PH, Lee WC, Wang CC, Yu MC, Chen CW, Lin PT, Chen BH, Wang SF, Chai PM, Tsai HI. Does autoimmune disease impair the survival of hepatocellular carcinoma patients undergoing liver resection? A multi-institutional observational study. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:354. [PMID: 39031214 PMCID: PMC11271344 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05885-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with autoimmune diseases (AD) generally carry an increased risk of developing cancer. However, the effect of AD in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients receiving surgical treatment is uncertain. The present study aimed to investigate the potential influence of AD on the survival of HCC patients undergoing hepatectomies. METHODS Operated HCC patients were identified from the Chang Gung Research Database, and the survival outcomes of HCC patients with or without AD were analyzed ad compared. Cox regression model was performed to identify significant risk factors associated with disease recurrence and mortality. RESULTS From 2002 to 2018, a total of 5532 patients underwent hepatectomy for their HCC. Among them, 229 patients were identified to have AD and 5303 were not. After excluding cases who died within 30 days of surgery, the estimated median overall survival (OS) was 43.8 months in the AD (+) group and 47.4 months in the AD (-) group (P = 0.367). The median liver-specific survival and disease-free survival (DFS) were also comparable between the two groups. After Cox regression multivariate analysis, the presence of AD did not lead to a higher risk of all-cause mortality, liver-specific mortality, or disease recurrence. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that autoimmune disease does not impair the OS and DFS of HCC patients undergoing liver resections. AD itself is not a risk factor for tumor recurrence after surgery. Patients eligible for liver resections, as a result, should be considered for surgery irrespective of the presence of AD. Further studies are mandatory to validate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Wei Lee
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Yu Chen
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Division of Chinese Internal Medicine, Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taoyuan Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Han Tsai
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, New Taipei Municipal Tucheng Hospital, Tu-Cheng, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chen Lee
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chi Wang
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chin Yu
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, New Taipei Municipal Tu-Cheng Hospital (Built and Operated by Chang Gung Medical Foundation), Tu-Cheng, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wei Chen
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Ting Lin
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Huan Chen
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Fu Wang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Mei Chai
- Department of Nursing, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-I Tsai
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 5, Fuxing St., Guishan Dist., 33305, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Jin X, Huang CX, Tian Y. The multifaceted perspectives on the regulation of lncRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma ferroptosis: from bench-to-bedside. Clin Exp Med 2024; 24:146. [PMID: 38960924 PMCID: PMC11222271 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-024-01418-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Despite being characterized by high malignancy, high morbidity, and low survival rates, the underlying mechanism of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been fully elucidated. Ferroptosis, a non-apoptotic form of regulated cell death, possesses distinct morphological, biochemical, and genetic characteristics compared to other types of cell death. Dysregulated actions within the molecular network that regulates ferroptosis have been identified as significant contributors to the progression of HCC. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as influential contributors to diverse cellular processes, regulating gene function and expression through multiple mechanistic pathways. An increasing body of evidence indicates that deregulated lncRNAs are implicated in regulating malignant events such as cell proliferation, growth, invasion, and metabolism by influencing ferroptosis in HCC. Therefore, elucidating the inherent role of ferroptosis and the modulatory functions of lncRNAs on ferroptosis in HCC might promote the development of novel therapeutic interventions for this disease. This review provides a succinct overview of the roles of ferroptosis and ferroptosis-related lncRNAs in HCC progression and treatment, aiming to drive the development of promising therapeutic targets and biomarkers for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fengdu People's Hospital, Fengdu County, Chongqing, 408200, China
| | - Chun Xia Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fengdu People's Hospital, Fengdu County, Chongqing, 408200, China
| | - Yue Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fengdu People's Hospital, Fengdu County, Chongqing, 408200, China.
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He MJ, Wang YJ, Ran DL, Fu DS, He Q, Zhang HY, Mao Y, Zhao PY, Yu JB, Zhang JA. Relationship between bullous pemphigoid and malignancy: A Mendelian randomization study. J Dermatol 2024; 51:403-408. [PMID: 38212903 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.17100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is the most common autoimmune blistering disease, which primarily affects the elderly. However, the relationship between BP and malignancy remains controversial in traditional observational studies. The aim of this study, which included only European populations, was to assess the potential causative link between BP and 13 types of malignant tumors in a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study. BP was not associated with an increased risk of developing 13 types of malignant tumors. This study did not find a causal relationship between BP and malignant tumors. However, further research is warranted to examine the generalizability of this conclusion in non-European populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jie He
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yu-Jia Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - De-Long Ran
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - De-Shuang Fu
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qing He
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Han-Yin Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yu Mao
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Peng-Yuan Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jian-Bin Yu
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jiang-An Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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