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Syrová E, Palíková M, Mendel J, Seidlová V, Papežíková I, Schmidt-Posthaus H, Somerlíková K, Minářová H, Mareš L, Mikulíková I, Pikula J, Mareš J. Field study indicating susceptibility differences between salmonid species and their lineages to proliferative kidney disease. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2020; 43:1201-1211. [PMID: 32740949 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae (Myxozoa: Malacosporea) is the causative agent of proliferative kidney disease (PKD), which affects both wild and farmed salmonid fish. The objective of this study was to outline differences in susceptibility to PKD in different salmonid species, hybrids and breeding lineages. Susceptibility to T. bryosalmonae infection was established based on cumulative mortality, pathological findings and detection of T. bryosalmonae in the kidney using immunohistochemistry and molecular methods. Determination of pure and hybrid individuals of different species in the genus Salvelinus, and dissimilarity of rainbow trout lineages, was performed using traditional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and microsatellite analyses. Rainbow trout displayed higher disease severity compared with brook trout and Alsatian charr. Moreover, the results indicated differences in infection susceptibility, not only among different salmonid species but also among different lineages of charr and rainbow trout. Our study indicated that some salmonid species and even different lineages of the same species are more suitable for farming under PKD pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Syrová
- Department of Ecology and Diseases of Zoo Animals, Game, Fish and Bees, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslava Palíková
- Department of Ecology and Diseases of Zoo Animals, Game, Fish and Bees, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Zoology, Fisheries, Hydrobiology and Apiculture, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Mendel
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Seidlová
- Department of Ecology and Diseases of Zoo Animals, Game, Fish and Bees, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Zoology, Fisheries, Hydrobiology and Apiculture, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Papežíková
- Department of Ecology and Diseases of Zoo Animals, Game, Fish and Bees, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Zoology, Fisheries, Hydrobiology and Apiculture, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Heike Schmidt-Posthaus
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Department of Pathobiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Kristina Somerlíková
- Department of Regional and Business Economics, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Minářová
- Department of Ecology and Diseases of Zoo Animals, Game, Fish and Bees, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Mareš
- Department of Zoology, Fisheries, Hydrobiology and Apiculture, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Mikulíková
- Department of Ecology and Diseases of Zoo Animals, Game, Fish and Bees, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Pikula
- Department of Ecology and Diseases of Zoo Animals, Game, Fish and Bees, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Mareš
- Department of Zoology, Fisheries, Hydrobiology and Apiculture, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
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Hutchins PR, Sepulveda AJ, Martin RM, Hopper LR. Improved Conventional PCR Assay for Detecting Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae DNA in Fish Tissues. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH 2018; 30:164-170. [PMID: 29603426 DOI: 10.1002/aah.10020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Conventional PCR is an established method to detect Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonaeDNA in fish tissues and to confirm diagnosis of proliferative kidney disease (PKD) caused by T. bryosalmonae. However, the commonly used PKX5f-6r primers were designed with the intention of obtaining sequence information and are suboptimal for determining parasite DNA presence. A new PCR assay to detect T. bryosalmonae 18s rDNA, PKX18s1266f-1426r, is presented that demonstrates specificity, repeatability, and enhanced sensitivity over the PKX5f-6r assay. The limit of detection of the PKX18s1266f-1426r assay at 95% confidence was 100 template copies, and the new primers detected parasite DNA more consistently at template concentrations below 100 copies than did PKX5f-6r. The PKX18s1266f-1426r also achieved 100% detection at sample DNA concentrations one order of magnitude lower than PKX5f-6r. Out of 127 salmonid fish with unknown T. bryosalmonae infection status, PKX5f-6r detected 35 positive samples, while the new assay detected 43. The discrepancy in T. bryosalmonae detection between the two primer sets may be attributed to several differences between the assays, including oligonucleotide melting temperatures, the use of a touchdown PCR thermal cycle, and amplicon length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick R Hutchins
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, 2327 University Way Suite 2, Bozeman, Montana, 59715, USA
| | - Adam J Sepulveda
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, 2327 University Way Suite 2, Bozeman, Montana, 59715, USA
| | - Renee M Martin
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Bozeman Fish Health Center, 1805 South 22nd Avenue, Suite 1, Bozeman, Montana, 59718, USA
| | - Lacey R Hopper
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Bozeman Fish Health Center, 1805 South 22nd Avenue, Suite 1, Bozeman, Montana, 59718, USA
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Soliman H, Kumar G, El-Matbouli M. Recombinase polymerase amplification assay combined with a lateral flow dipstick for rapid detection of Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae, the causative agent of proliferative kidney disease in salmonids. Parasit Vectors 2018; 11:234. [PMID: 29642952 PMCID: PMC5896054 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-018-2825-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The myxozoan Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae, the causative agent of proliferative kidney disease (PKD), is responsible for considerable losses in farmed and wild fish populations in Europe and North America. Recently, T. bryosalmonae was detected in many European countries, and strategy to control the disease in the wild and farmed fish population is yet to be developed. Recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) is a novel isothermal nucleic acid amplification technology that does not require any thermal cycling, and lateral flow dipstick (LFD) is a rapid, cost-effective, and easy-to-handle assay that enables stable detection. Results In this study, we developed and optimized a rapid and sensitive RPA assay combined with an LFD for the detection of T. bryosalmonae. The PKD-RPA assay was specific to T. bryosalmonae, as no cross-reaction or false positive signals were observed with any of the other tested DNAs. The developed PKD-RPA assay was ten times more sensitive than an existing diagnostic polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for this parasite. The estimated time to perform PKD-RPA assay is 25 min compared to 4 h for PKD-PCR assay. Conclusions A novel PKD-RPA assay for the detection of T. bryosalmonae was developed. The assay offers considerable advantages including speed, sensitivity, specificity and visual detection. Applying the PKD-RPA assay combined with an LFD enhances the surveillance and early detection of T. bryosalmonae in salmonids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatem Soliman
- Clinical Division of Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Gokhlesh Kumar
- Clinical Division of Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mansour El-Matbouli
- Clinical Division of Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210, Vienna, Austria
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Dash M, Vasemägi A. Proliferative kidney disease (PKD) agent Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae in brown trout populations in Estonia. DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 2014; 109:139-148. [PMID: 24991741 DOI: 10.3354/dao02731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Proliferative kidney disease (PKD) caused by the myxozoan parasite Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae is a serious parasitic disease threatening both farmed and wild salmonid populations, but very little is currently known about the distribution of the parasite in the Baltic Sea region. In this study we (1) report the development of a novel multiplex PCR method for fast and reliable screening of T. bryosalmonae; (2) use this multiplex PCR method to show that the PKD agent T. bryosalmonae is widespread in natural brown trout Salmo trutta L. populations in Estonia; (3) evaluate monthly and yearly variation of T. bryosalmonae prevalence in juvenile trout; (4) assess T. bryosalmonae prevalence in different age-classes of fish (0+ vs. 1+ and older) and report the presence of the PKD agent in the kidneys of returning sea trout spawners; and (5) suggest the freshwater bryozoan Plumatella fungosa as a putative invertebrate host of T. bryosalmonae in Estonia. Our results demonstrate a highly heterogeneous distribution of T. bryosalmonae at the micro-geographic scale, indicating that PKD could have an important negative effect on recruitment in Estonian brown trout populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megha Dash
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Development of loop-mediated isothermal amplification method for detection of Kudoa septempunctata (Myxozoa: Multivalvulida) in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Parasitol Res 2014; 113:1759-67. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-014-3821-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assays for detection and identification of aquaculture pathogens: current state and perspectives. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:2881-95. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-5531-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Revised: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Comparison of three molecular detection methods for detection of Trichinella in infected pigs. Parasitol Res 2013; 112:2087-93. [PMID: 23334692 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-012-3267-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Different molecular detection methods require diverse molecular platforms, but there is no uniform standard for people to reference in the detection of Trichinella. In this study, real-time PCR, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), and conventional PCR were developed for the detection of Trichinella by targeting mitochondrial large subunit ribosomal DNA (mt-lsrDNA). We compared the performance of the three newly developed assays. The results revealed that the detection limits of the real-time PCR, LAMP, and conventional PCR assays were 10 and 100 fg/μL and 1 pg/μL of Trichinella spiralis genomic DNA, respectively. The assays were used in the detection of Trichinella in the field. A total of 192 samples were obtained from pigs: 75 samples from free range farming and 117 from intensive feeding factory. The infection rate was 8/192 (4.2 %), 7/192 (3.6 %), and 1/192 (1.0 %) through the real-time PCR, LAMP, and conventional PCR assays, respectively. These data indicate that Taqman real-time PCR was a rapid, specific, and sensitive tool as a preferred option for investigation of valuable samples, but that LAMP assay was closed tube, highly sensitive, cost-effective, rapid, easy-to-perform, and was the optimal choice for detection of Trichinella in the field. The results of a model of experimental infection in mice indicated that spleen can be used as sampling site for the detection of early T. spiralis infection. However, the diaphragm and myocardium were the most suitable sampling sites for the detection of T. spiralis.
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Mao Z, Qiu Y, Zheng L, Chen J, Yang J. Development of a visual loop-mediated isothermal amplification method for rapid detection of the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas putida of the large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea). J Microbiol Methods 2012; 89:179-84. [PMID: 22475582 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2012.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2012] [Revised: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 03/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea), an important marine fish farmed in the coastal areas of Zhejiang province, east China, has become severely endangered as a result of the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas putida. This paper reports the development of a visual loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for rapid detection of the pathogen. Four primers, F3, B3, FIP and BIP, were designed on the basis of DNA sequence of the rpoN gene of P. putida. After optimization of the reaction conditions, the detection limit of LAMP assay was 4.8cfu per reaction, 10-fold higher than that of conventional PCR. The assay showed high specificity to discriminate all P. putida isolates from nine other Gram-negative bacteria. The assay also successfully detected the pathogen DNA in the tissues of infected fish. For visual LAMP without cross-contamination, SYBR Green I was embedded in a microcrystalline wax capsule and preset in the reaction tubes; after the reaction the wax was melted at 85°C to release the dye and allow intercalation with the amplicons. The simple, highly sensitive, highly specific and cost-effective characteristics of visual LAMP may encourage its application in the rapid diagnosis of this pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijuan Mao
- Biological and Environmental College, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, China.
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Soliman H, El-Matbouli M. Immunocapture and direct binding loop mediated isothermal amplification simplify molecular diagnosis of Cyprinid herpesvirus-3. J Virol Methods 2009; 162:91-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2009.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2009] [Revised: 07/20/2009] [Accepted: 07/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Gahlawat SK, Ellis AE, Collet B. A sensitive loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method for detection of Renibacterium salmoninarum, causative agent of bacterial kidney disease in salmonids. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2009; 32:491-497. [PMID: 19538642 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2009.01005.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is a novel technique for nucleic acid amplification with high specificity, sensitivity and rapidity and does not require expensive equipment or reagents. In the present study, we developed and evaluated a LAMP method for the rapid detection of Renibacterium salmoninarum causing the bacterial kidney disease in salmonids. This method was more sensitive than quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Using DNA template extracted from cultured R. salmoninarum, the LAMP method gave an amplification signal from template diluted to 10(-8) while the limit of detection of qPCR was10(-7). The LAMP method was also highly specific and did not amplify DNA purified from five other Gram-positive and -negative bacterial fish pathogens. The method also worked well using extracts of macrophages infected with R. salmoninarum and kidney material from rainbow trout, which were positive for R. salmoninarum by qPCR and crude R. salmoninarum culture. There was some evidence for inhibitors of the LAMP reaction in the kidney samples, which was overcome by diluting the sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Gahlawat
- Department of Zoology and Aquaculture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Haryana, India
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Saleh M, Soliman H, El-Matbouli M. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification as an emerging technology for detection of Yersinia ruckeri the causative agent of enteric red mouth disease in fish. BMC Vet Res 2008; 4:31. [PMID: 18700011 PMCID: PMC2531098 DOI: 10.1186/1746-6148-4-31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2008] [Accepted: 08/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enteric Redmouth (ERM) disease also known as Yersiniosis is a contagious disease affecting salmonids, mainly rainbow trout. The causative agent is the gram-negative bacterium Yersinia ruckeri. The disease can be diagnosed by isolation and identification of the causative agent, or detection of the Pathogen using fluorescent antibody tests, ELISA and PCR assays. These diagnostic methods are laborious, time consuming and need well trained personnel. RESULTS A loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay was developed and evaluated for detection of Y. ruckeri the etiological agent of enteric red mouth (ERM) disease in salmonids. The assay was optimised to amplify the yruI/yruR gene, which encodes Y. ruckeri quorum sensing system, in the presence of a specific primer set and Bst DNA polymerase at an isothermal temperature of 63 degrees C for one hour. Amplification products were detected by visual inspection, agarose gel electrophoresis and by real-time monitoring of turbidity resulted by formation of LAMP amplicons. Digestion with HphI restriction enzyme demonstrated that the amplified product was unique. The specificity of the assay was verified by the absence of amplification products when tested against related bacteria. The assay had 10-fold higher sensitivity compared with conventional PCR and successfully detected Y. ruckeri not only in pure bacterial culture but also in tissue homogenates of infected fish. CONCLUSION The ERM-LAMP assay represents a practical alternative to the microbiological approach for rapid, sensitive and specific detection of Y. ruckeri in fish farms. The assay is carried out in one hour and needs only a heating block or water bath as laboratory furniture. The advantages of the ERM-LAMP assay make it a promising tool for molecular detection of enteric red mouth disease in fish farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Saleh
- Clinic for Fish and Reptiles, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Munich, Germany, Kaulbachstr.37, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Hatem Soliman
- Clinic for Fish and Reptiles, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Munich, Germany, Kaulbachstr.37, 80539 Munich, Germany
- Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, El-Sekka El-Beda St., P.O. Box 131, Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mansour El-Matbouli
- Clinic for Fish and Reptiles, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Munich, Germany, Kaulbachstr.37, 80539 Munich, Germany
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Ren CH, Hu CQ, Luo P, Wang QB. Sensitive and rapid identification of Vibrio vulnificus by loop-mediated isothermal amplification. Microbiol Res 2008; 164:514-21. [PMID: 18585020 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2008.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2008] [Revised: 04/28/2008] [Accepted: 05/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Vibrio vulnificus is a serious bacterial pathogen for humans and aquatic animals. We developed a rapid, sensitive and specific identification method for V. vulnificus using loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technique. A set of primers, composed of two outer primers and two inner primers, was designed based on the cytolysin gene sequence of V. vulnificus. The LAMP reaction was processed in a heat block at 65 degrees C for 60 min. The amplification products were detected by visual inspection using SYBR Green I, as well as by electrophoresis on agarose gels. Our results showed that the LAMP reaction was highly specific to V. vulnificus. This method was 10-fold more sensitive than conventional PCR. In conclusion, the LAMP assay was extremely rapid, simple, cost-effective, sensitive and specific for the rapid identification of V. vulnificus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hua Ren
- The Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology of Guangdong Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, PR China
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Shivappa RB, Savan R, Kono T, Sakai M, Emmenegger E, Kurath G, Levine JF. Detection of spring viraemia of carp virus (SVCV) by loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) in koi carp, Cyprinus carpio L. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2008; 31:249-258. [PMID: 18353016 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2007.00894.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Spring viraemia of carp virus (SVCV) is a rhabdovirus associated with systemic illness and mortality in cyprinids. Several diagnostic tests are available for detection of SVCV. However, most of these tests are time consuming and are not well adapted for field-based diagnostics. In this study, a diagnostic tool for SVCV detection based on reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) has been developed. Based on the nucleotide sequence of the glycoprotein (G) gene of SVCV North Carolina (NC) isolate, four sets (each set containing two outer and two inner) of primers were designed. Temperature and time conditions were optimized to 65 degrees C and 60 min, respectively, for LAMP and RT-LAMP using one primer set. In vitro specificity was evaluated using four different strains of fish rhabdoviruses and RT-LAMP was found to be specific to SVCV. Serial dilutions of SVCV NC isolate was used to evaluate the in vitro sensitivity of RT-LAMP. Sensitivity of the assays was similar to RT-PCR and detected SVCV even at the lowest dilution of 10(1) TCID50 mL(-1). The ability of RT-LAMP to detect SVCV from infected carp was also tested and the assay detected SVCV from all infected fish. The isothermal temperature requirements, high specificity and sensitivity, and short incubation time of the RT-LAMP assay make it an excellent choice as a field diagnostic test for SVCV.
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Affiliation(s)
- R B Shivappa
- College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
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Savan R, Kono T, Itami T, Sakai M. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification: an emerging technology for detection of fish and shellfish pathogens. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2005; 28:573-81. [PMID: 16302951 PMCID: PMC7197467 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2005.00670.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Fish and shellfish diseases are a constant threat to the sustainability and economic viability of aquaculture. Early diagnosis plays a vital role in management of fish and shellfish diseases. Traditionally, various biochemical and serological tests have been used for fish disease diagnosis. However, the time and expertise required for such diagnoses makes it difficult for aquaculturists to easily adopt them under production conditions. Polymerase chain reaction and probe-based nucleic acid detection have become increasingly popular in fish and shellfish diagnostics. Recently, a novel technique called loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) has been developed, which is highly sensitive and rapid. LAMP has been used for the detection of bacterial, viral, fungal and parasitic diseases in both animal and plants. In aquaculture, LAMP-based detection of pathogens like Edwardsiella tarda, E. ictaluri, Nocardia seriolae, Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae, white spot syndrome virus and infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus have been reported. In this review, the application of LAMP for the detection of aquaculture-associated pathogens is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Savan
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - T Kono
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - T Itami
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - M Sakai
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
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El-Matbouli M, Soliman H. Development of a rapid assay for the diagnosis of Myxobolus cerebralis in fish and oligochaetes using loop-mediated isothermal amplification. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2005; 28:549-57. [PMID: 16266328 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2005.00660.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
A loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay was developed for the rapid detection of Myxobolus cerebralis in both fish and oligochaete hosts. The assay was optimized to amplify parasitic DNA by incubation with Bst DNA polymerase and a set of six specially constructed primers at 65 degrees C for 60 min. The amplification products were detected visually using SYBR Green I dye which gave identical results to gel electrophoresis analysis. Parasite DNA was detected from infected oligochaetes, and from the anal fin, caudal fin, dorsal fin and operculum of clinically infected fish. This 'Myxo-LAMP' assay has a detection limit similar to that of a polymerase chain reaction assay (10(-6)), but is more rapid and only requires a water bath for amplification and is therefore practical for simple and rapid diagnosis of infected tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- M El-Matbouli
- Institute of Zoology, Fish Biology and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
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