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da Silva MA, Veloso MP, de Souza Reis K, de Matos Passarini G, Dos Santos APDA, do Nascimento Martinez L, Fokoue HH, Kato MJ, Teles CBG, Kuehn CC. In silico evaluation and in vitro growth inhibition of Plasmodium falciparum by natural amides and synthetic analogs. Parasitol Res 2020; 119:1879-1887. [PMID: 32382989 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-020-06681-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Malaria, caused by protozoa of the genus Plasmodium, is a disease that infects hundreds of millions of people annually, causing an enormous social burden in many developing countries. Since current antimalarial drugs are starting to face resistance by the parasite, the development of new therapeutic options has been prompted. The enzyme Plasmodium falciparum enoyl-ACP reductase (PfENR) has a determinant role in the fatty acid biosynthesis of this parasite and is absent in humans, making it an ideal target for new antimalarial drugs. In this sense, the present study aimed at evaluating the in silico binding affinity of natural and synthetic amides through molecular docking, in addition to their in vitro activity against P. falciparum by means of the SYBR Green Fluorescence Assay. The in vitro results revealed that the natural amide piplartine (1a) presented partial antiplasmodial activity (20.54 μM), whereas its synthetic derivatives (1m-IC50 104.45 μM), (1b, 1g, 1k, and 14f) and the natural amide piperine (18a) were shown to be inactive (IC50 > 200 μM). The in silico physicochemical analyses demonstrated that compounds 1m and 14f violated the Lipinski's rule of five. The in silico analyses showed that 14f presented the best binding affinity (- 13.047 kcal/mol) to PfENR and was also superior to the reference inhibitor triclosan (- 7.806 kcal/mol). In conclusion, we found that the structural modifications in 1a caused a significant decrease in antiplasmodial activity. Therefore, new modifications are encouraged in order to improve the activity observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minelly Azevedo da Silva
- Programa de Pós graduação em Biologia Experimental, PGBIOEXP, Porto Velho, Brazil.
- Instituto Federal de Rondônia, IFRO, Porto Velho / Rondônia, Brazil.
- Universidade Federal de Rondônia -UNIR, Porto Velho, Brazil.
| | - Márcia Paranho Veloso
- Laboratório de Avaliação e de Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas, Alfenas - MG, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Alfenas - MG, Brazil
| | - Kassius de Souza Reis
- Laboratório de Avaliação e de Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas, Alfenas - MG, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Alfenas - MG, Brazil
| | - Guilherme de Matos Passarini
- Programa de Pós graduação em Biologia Experimental, PGBIOEXP, Porto Velho, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Rondônia -UNIR, Porto Velho, Brazil
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rondônia (FIOCRUZ -RO) / EpiAmO, Porto Velho, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula de Azevedo Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós graduação em Biologia Experimental, PGBIOEXP, Porto Velho, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Rondônia -UNIR, Porto Velho, Brazil
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rondônia (FIOCRUZ -RO) / EpiAmO, Porto Velho, Brazil
| | - Leandro do Nascimento Martinez
- Programa de Pós graduação em Biologia Experimental, PGBIOEXP, Porto Velho, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Rondônia -UNIR, Porto Velho, Brazil
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rondônia (FIOCRUZ -RO) / EpiAmO, Porto Velho, Brazil
| | | | - Massuo Jorge Kato
- Instituto de Química da Universidade de São Paulo, IQ-USP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina Bioni Garcia Teles
- Programa de Pós graduação em Biologia Experimental, PGBIOEXP, Porto Velho, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Rondônia -UNIR, Porto Velho, Brazil
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rondônia (FIOCRUZ -RO) / EpiAmO, Porto Velho, Brazil
- Centro Universitário São Lucas, UniSL, Porto Velho, Brazil
| | - Christian Collins Kuehn
- Programa de Pós graduação em Biologia Experimental, PGBIOEXP, Porto Velho, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Rondônia -UNIR, Porto Velho, Brazil
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Li X, Wu Z, Xu L, Chi CL, Chen BQ. Design, synthesis, and antitumor evaluation of novel naphthalimide derivatives. Med Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-019-02471-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Venkatraj M, Salado IG, Heeres J, Joossens J, Lewi PJ, Caljon G, Maes L, Van der Veken P, Augustyns K. Novel triazine dimers with potent antitrypanosomal activity. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 143:306-319. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.11.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Berninger M, Schmidt I, Ponte-Sucre A, Holzgrabe U. Novel lead compounds in pre-clinical development against African sleeping sickness. MEDCHEMCOMM 2017; 8:1872-1890. [PMID: 30108710 PMCID: PMC6072528 DOI: 10.1039/c7md00280g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), also known as African sleeping sickness, is caused by parasitic protozoa of the genus Trypanosoma. As the disease progresses, the parasites cross the blood brain barrier and are lethal for the patients if the disease is left untreated. Current therapies suffer from several drawbacks due to e.g. toxicity of the respective compounds or resistance to approved antitrypanosomal drugs. In this review, the different strategies of drug development against HAT are considered, namely the target-based approach, the phenotypic high throughput screening and the drug repurposing strategy. The most promising compounds emerging from these approaches entering an in vivo evaluation are mentioned herein. Of note, it may turn out to be difficult to confirm in vitro activity in an animal model of infection; however, possible reasons for the missing efficacy in unsuccessful in vivo studies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Berninger
- Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry , University of Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
| | - Ines Schmidt
- Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry , University of Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
| | - Alicia Ponte-Sucre
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology , Institute of Experimental Medicine , Luis Razetti School of Medicine , Faculty of Medicine , Universidad Central de Venezuela Caracas , Venezuela . Tel: +0931 31 85461
| | - Ulrike Holzgrabe
- Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry , University of Würzburg , Am Hubland , 97074 Würzburg , Germany .
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Kumar M, Kaur T, Sharma A. Role of computational efficiency indices and pose clustering in effective decision making: An example of annulated furanones in Pf-DHFR space. Comput Biol Chem 2017; 67:48-61. [PMID: 28049061 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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