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Andrade-Silva B, Vilela R, Lopes-Torres E, Costa-Neto S, Maldonado A. Boehmiella wilsoni (Nematoda, Heligmosomoidea, Boehmiellidae fam. nov.), found in Amazonian rodents. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 2020; 13:119-129. [PMID: 32995268 PMCID: PMC7508696 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2020.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The genus Boehmiella was initially described as a member of the family Trichostrongylidae. Subsequently, it was assigned to the subfamily Haemonchinae in the family Haemonchidae. We analyzed parasites of spiny tree-rats, Mesomys hispidus, collected in the Amazon rainforest, which were identified as B. wilsoni based on integrative taxonomy. Using morphology, morphometry, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), we added new data to the original description of the species. We also inferred phylogenetic hypotheses for its relationships within the Trichostrongylina, based on partial nuclear 18S and 28S rRNA genes, through Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian analyses. In conclusion, B. wilsoni does not belong to the family Haemonchidae, nor is it closely related to any other trichostrongylin family, and therefore, we propose the establishment of a new family, Boehmiellidae fam. nov., to which the genus Boehmiella is allocated. Helminth found in arboreal rodent of the Amazon region, with description of new host, new geographical distribution, new taxonomic data, and proposal of a new family to allocate the genus according to molecular and morphological analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- B.E. Andrade-Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Parasitária, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Brazil
- Laboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de Mamíferos Silvestres Reservatórios, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Brazil
| | - R.V. Vilela
- Laboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de Mamíferos Silvestres Reservatórios, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Brazil
- Corresponding author. Laboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de Mamíferos Silvestres Reservatórios, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040, Brazil.
| | - E.J. Lopes-Torres
- Laboratório de Helmintologia Romero Lascasas Porto, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia EParasitologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Centro Biomédico, Universidade Do Estado Do Rio de Janeiro – UERJ, Brazil
| | - S.F. Costa-Neto
- Campus Fiocruz Mata Atlântica, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz – FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - A. Maldonado
- Laboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de Mamíferos Silvestres Reservatórios, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Brazil
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Sloan S, Jenvey C, Cairns C, Stear M. Cathepsin F of Teladorsagia circumcincta is a recently evolved cysteine protease. Evol Bioinform Online 2020; 16:1176934320962521. [PMID: 33100828 PMCID: PMC7549167 DOI: 10.1177/1176934320962521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Parasitic cysteine proteases are involved in parasite stage transition, invasion
of host tissues, nutrient uptake, and immune evasion. The cysteine protease
cathepsin F is the most abundant protein produced by fourth-stage larvae (L4) of
the nematode Teladorsagia circumcincta, while its transcript is
only detectable in L4 and adults. T. circumcincta cathepsin F
is a recently evolved cysteine protease that does not fall clearly into either
of the cathepsin L or F subfamilies. This protein exhibits characteristics of
both cathepsins F and L, and its phylogenetic relationship to its closest
homologs is distant, including proteins of closely related nematodes of the same
subfamily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Sloan
- AgriBio Centre for AgriBioscience, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Caitlin Jenvey
- AgriBio Centre for AgriBioscience, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Callum Cairns
- AgriBio Centre for AgriBioscience, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Stear
- AgriBio Centre for AgriBioscience, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
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de Oliveira Simões R, Fraga-Neto S, Vilar EM, Maldonado A, do Val Vilela R. A New Species of Bidigiticauda (Nematoda: Strongylida) from the Bat Artibeus Planirostris (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) in the Atlantic Forest and a Molecular Phylogeny of the Molineid Bat Parasites. J Parasitol 2019. [PMID: 31633437 DOI: 10.1645/18-191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The nematode genus Bidigiticauda has 2 species (Bidigiticauda vivipara and Bidigiticauda embryophilum), which are parasites of bats from the Neotropical region. The present paper describes a new species of Bidigiticauda from a male Artibeus planirostris specimen collected in the Pratigi Environmental Protection Area in Bahia state, Brazil. The new species, Bidigiticauda serrafreirei n. sp., differs from B. embryophilum by having longer spicules, rays 5 and 6 arising from a common trunk and bifurcating in its first third, rays 3 and 4 emerging slightly separated from each other, and dorsal rays reaching the margin of the caudal bursa. The new species also differs from B. vivipara by the dorsal ray bifurcating at the extremity of the trunk. A molecular phylogenetic analysis was conducted to determine the evolutionary affinities of Bidigiticauda serrafreirei n. sp. within the Strongylida, which identified a clade that grouped Bidigiticauda with the other members of the Anoplostrongylinae. However, the molineid subfamilies did not group together, indicating that the family Molineidae is polyphyletic. Further analyses, which include additional taxa and genetic markers, should elucidate the complex relationships within the Molineidae, in particular its subfamilies and the evolution of the traits that define these groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel de Oliveira Simões
- Laboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de Mamíferos Silvestre Reservatório, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Avenida Brazil, 4365 Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21045-900, Brazil.,Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, 23897-970, Brazil
| | - Socrates Fraga-Neto
- Laboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de Mamíferos Silvestre Reservatório, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Avenida Brazil, 4365 Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21045-900, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade e Saúde, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Avenida Brasil, 4365 Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21045-900, Brazil
| | - Emmanuel Messias Vilar
- Laboratório de Mamíferos, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, Cidade Universitária, s/n-Castelo Branco III, João Pessoa, PB, 58051-085, Brazil
| | - Arnaldo Maldonado
- Laboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de Mamíferos Silvestre Reservatório, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Avenida Brazil, 4365 Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21045-900, Brazil
| | - Roberto do Val Vilela
- Laboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de Mamíferos Silvestre Reservatório, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Avenida Brazil, 4365 Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21045-900, Brazil
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Beveridge I. A new species of Filarinema Mönnig, 1929 (Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae) parasitic in the stomach of the western scrub wallaby, Notamacropus irma (Jourdan), in Western Australia. T ROY SOC SOUTH AUST 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/03721426.2019.1583306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian Beveridge
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, Veterinary Clinical Centre, University of Melbourne, Werribee, Australia
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Abstract
Wildlife parasitology is a highly diverse area of research encompassing many fields including taxonomy, ecology, pathology and epidemiology, and with participants from extremely disparate scientific fields. In addition, the organisms studied are highly dissimilar, ranging from platyhelminths, nematodes and acanthocephalans to insects, arachnids, crustaceans and protists. This review of the parasites of wildlife in Australia highlights the advances made to date, focussing on the work, interests and major findings of researchers over the years and identifies current significant gaps that exist in our understanding. The review is divided into three sections covering protist, helminth and arthropod parasites. The challenge to document the diversity of parasites in Australia continues at a traditional level but the advent of molecular methods has heightened the significance of this issue. Modern methods are providing an avenue for major advances in documenting and restructuring the phylogeny of protistan parasites in particular, while facilitating the recognition of species complexes in helminth taxa previously defined by traditional morphological methods. The life cycles, ecology and general biology of most parasites of wildlife in Australia are extremely poorly understood. While the phylogenetic origins of the Australian vertebrate fauna are complex, so too are the likely origins of their parasites, which do not necessarily mirror those of their hosts. This aspect of parasite evolution is a continuing area for research in the case of helminths, but remains to be addressed for many other parasitic groups.
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Svitin R, Du Preez L. Amphibiophilus mooiensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Amphibiophilidae), a parasite of Amietia delalandii (Duméril & Bibron) (Amphibia: Pyxicephalidae) from South Africa. Syst Parasitol 2017; 95:81-89. [PMID: 29210016 DOI: 10.1007/s11230-017-9763-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Four species of the genus Amphibiophilus Skrjabin, 1916 from pyxycephalid frogs in southern and central Africa are currently recognised as valid. Several specimens of Amphibiophilus were found in material from the common river frog, Amietia delalandii (Duméril & Bibron) (Amphibia: Pyxicephalidae), collected in Potchefstroom (North-West Province, South Africa). These specimens clearly differ from all previously known species by the shape of the distal end of the spicule, the shape of the gubernaculum and the structure of the synlophe. They are, thus, considered as a new species, Amphibiophilus mooiensis. As all other species in the family Amphibiophilidae Durette-Desset & Chabaud, 1981, A. mooiensis n. sp. possesses a number of archaic characters, such as a buccal capsule with a well-developed dorsal oesophageal tooth, six inner labial papillae, six outer labial papillae and four cephalic papillae. Molecular data (cox1 and ITS-28S rDNA sequences) are provided and host and geographical specificity are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Svitin
- African Amphibian Conservation Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa. .,Department of Invertebrate Fauna and Systematics, I. I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, 15 Bogdan Khmelnytskyi Street, Kyiv, 01030, Ukraine.
| | - Louis Du Preez
- African Amphibian Conservation Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.,South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Private Bag 1015, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa
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