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Rodríguez-Vivas RI, Ojeda-Chi MM, Thompson AT, Yabsley MJ, Colunga-Salas P, Montes SS. Population genetics of the Ixodes affinis (Ixodida: Ixodidae) complex in America: new findings and a host-parasite review. Parasitol Res 2023; 123:78. [PMID: 38158425 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-023-08091-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Ticks are hematophagous ectoparasites associated with a wide range of vertebrate hosts. Within this group, the Ixodidae family stands out, in which the Ixodes genus contains at least 245 species worldwide, from which 55 species are present in the Neotropical region. Ixodes affinis, a tick described in 1899, has a wide distribution from the Southern Cone of America to the United States. However, since its description, morphological variability has been reported among its populations. Furthermore, attempts have been made to clarify its status as a species complex using mitochondrial markers, but mainly in restricted populations of South and Central America. Thus, information related to populations of the transition region between the Neotropical and Nearctic zones is lacking. For these reasons, the objectives of the study were to evaluate the genetic diversity and structure of I. affinis across the Americas and to compile all the published records of I. affinis in America, to elucidate the host-parasite relationships and to identify their geographical distribution. For this, a phylogeny, and AMOVA analyses were performed to assess the genetic structure of samples obtained by field work in South Carolina, USA and Yucatán, Mexico. A total of 86 sequences were retrieved from a fragment of the 16S region. Phylogeny and genetic structure analysis showed four groups that were geographically and genetically related with high branch support and Fst values, all of them statistically significant. The results obtained support the hypothesis that I. affinis it corresponds to a complex of four species, which must be validated through future morphological comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger I Rodríguez-Vivas
- Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - Melina M Ojeda-Chi
- Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias Región Poza Rica-Tuxpan, Universidad Veracruzana, Carretera Tuxpan Tampico Kilómetro 7.5, Universitaria, Tuxpan de Rodríguez Cano, Veracruz, C.P. 92870, México
| | - Alec T Thompson
- Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study (SCWDS), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Michael J Yabsley
- Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study (SCWDS), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Pablo Colunga-Salas
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Ecología Aplicada, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa de Enríquez, Veracruz, 91090, México.
- Centro de Medicina Tropical, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico, México.
| | - Sokani Sánchez Montes
- Centro de Medicina Tropical, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico, México.
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias Región Poza Rica-Tuxpan, Universidad Veracruzana, Carretera Tuxpan Tampico Kilómetro 7.5, Universitaria, Tuxpan de Rodríguez Cano, Veracruz, C.P. 92870, México.
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Grostieta E, Miranda-Caballero CI, Sánchez-Montes S, Colunga-Salas P, González CAL, Valderas-Muñoz KD, Arciniega-Luna G, Aguilar-Tipacamú G. DNA barcoding and new records of Ornithodoros yumatensis from Central Mexico. Vet Res Commun 2023; 47:2339-2350. [PMID: 37422609 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-023-10164-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Bats represent the second order of mammals with the highest number of species worldwide with over 1,616 species, and almost 10% of them are recorded in Mexico. These mammals have a great diversity of ectoparasites, in particular soft ticks of the genus Ornithodoros. Desmodus rotundus is one of the bat species that has scarcely been studied in terms of tick species richness in Mexico, with three tick species reported in five of the 32 Mexican states. For this reason, the aim of the present work was to identify ticks associated with D. rotundus from Central Mexico. Fieldwork was undertaken in the municipality El Marqués, Ejido Atongo A, Querétaro, Mexico. Bats were captured using mist nets and were visually inspected for tick presence. The ectoparasites were identified morphologically and molecularly with the use of mitochondrial markers 16SrDNA and cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI). A total of 30 D. rotundus (1 female, 29 males) were captured, from which 20 larvae identified as Ornithodoros yumatensis were recovered. Molecular analysis confirmed the presence of this species with identity values of 99-100% with sequences of this species from the southwestern US, and the Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico. This is the first report of ticks associated with bats for the state of Querétaro, providing the first sequences of the COI gene from Mexican populations of O. yumatensis and shows an increase in the distribution of this soft tick across Central Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefania Grostieta
- Centro de Medicina Tropical, Facultad de Medicina, Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico, México
| | - Carlos I Miranda-Caballero
- Centro de Medicina Tropical, Facultad de Medicina, Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico, México
| | - Sokani Sánchez-Montes
- Centro de Medicina Tropical, Facultad de Medicina, Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico, México
- Laboratorio de Diagnóstico, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas Y Agropecuarias, Universidad Veracruzana, Tuxpan, Veracruz, México
| | - Pablo Colunga-Salas
- Centro de Medicina Tropical, Facultad de Medicina, Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico, México
- Instituto de Biotecnología Y Ecología Aplicada, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - Carlos A López González
- C.A. Ecología Y Diversidad Faunística, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro, México
| | - Kelly D Valderas-Muñoz
- Licenciatura en Medicina Veterinaria Y Zootecnia, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro, México
| | - Gustavo Arciniega-Luna
- Licenciatura en Medicina Veterinaria Y Zootecnia, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro, México
| | - Gabriela Aguilar-Tipacamú
- C.A. Ecología Y Diversidad Faunística, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro, México.
- Licenciatura en Medicina Veterinaria Y Zootecnia, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro, México.
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Dzul-Rosado KR, Arroyo-Solís KA, Torres-Monroy AJ, Arias-León JJ, Peniche-Lara GF, Puerto-Manzano FI, Landa-Flores MG, del Mazo-López JC, Salceda-Sánchez B. Tick-associated diseases identified from hunting dogs during the COVID-19 pandemic in a Mayan community in Yucatan, Mexico. Open Vet J 2023; 13:794-800. [PMID: 37545710 PMCID: PMC10399651 DOI: 10.5455/ovj.2023.v13.i6.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hunting activity in the Mayan communities has increased due to COVID-19 and domestic dogs have gained more importance. Due to their proximity to humans, domestic dogs are a bridge between tick-borne diseases (TBDs) and humans and their peri-domestic environment. In Mexico, and especially in rural regions, there were not adequate records of TBDs during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Aim Identify TBD of ticks collected during the COVID-19 pandemic in a rural community. Methods Tick capture was carried out in March 2021, in Teabo, Yucatan. Ticks were removed using from domestic dogs and placed in ethanol. Collected ticks were morphologically identified and underwent DNA extraction and a partial segment of the mitochondrial 16S-rDNA gene was amplified to corroborate the tick species. The DNA was screened for the presence of Anaplasma spp., Borrelia spp., Ehrlichia spp., and Rickettsia spp. Purified amplification products were submitted for sequencing and the results were compared to those deposited in GenBank using BLAST. Results We collected 33 ectoparasites, Ixodes affinis, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Rhipicephalus microplus, and Amblyomma mixtum on 11 hunting dogs. The most frequent ectoparasite was R. sanguineus (66%). We detected the presence of DNA of Rickettsia endosymbiont in I. affinis and Anaplasma platys in R. sanguineus. Rickettsia endosymbiont presented a similarity of 100% with the partial sequence of R. endosymbiont of I. affinis isolate IACACTM001 16S ribosomal RNA gene and the sequence of A. platys had a similarity of 100% with the partial sequence of the isolate 23-33TX 16S ribosomal RNA gene of A. platys from dogs from Texas, USA and with the partial sequence of the isolate L134 16S ribosomal RNA gene of Ehrlichia canis from dogs from Piura, Peru. Conclusion We confirmed for the first time the presence of A. platys in R. sanguineus and R. endosymbiont in I. affinis ticks from dogs in the state of Yucatan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla R. Dzul-Rosado
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Emergentes y Reemergentes, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales “Dr. Hideyo Noguchi,” Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México
| | - Karla A. Arroyo-Solís
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Emergentes y Reemergentes, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales “Dr. Hideyo Noguchi,” Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México
| | - Adan J. Torres-Monroy
- Laboratorio de Entomología, Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Juan J. Arias-León
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias I, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México
| | - Gaspar F. Peniche-Lara
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias I, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México
| | - Fernando I. Puerto-Manzano
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Emergentes y Reemergentes, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales “Dr. Hideyo Noguchi,” Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México
| | | | | | - Beatriz Salceda-Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Entomología, Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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Volkow P, Grostieta E, Salceda-Sánchez B, Huerta-Jiménez H, Alcántara-Rodríguez V, Becker I, Sánchez-Montes S. A story of a lone star tick: an imported case of Amblyomma americanum (Linnaeus, 1758) infected with Rickettsia amblyommatis that parasitized a US traveler returning to Mexico. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2023; 65:e37. [PMID: 37283412 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946202365037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we report the presence of a female Amblyomma americanum tick attached to a former resident of the East Coast of the United States who moved to Mexico city. The amplification and sequencing of gene fragments of the 16S-rDNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 corroborated the identification of the species of the tick. Additionally, the presence of DNA of Rickettsia amblyommatis was confirmed. This work is the first report of an exotic tick of the genus Amblyomma in a traveler from the US to Mexico and represents the second record of an imported tick attached to humans in Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Volkow
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Departamento de Infectología, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Estefania Grostieta
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Medicina Tropical, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Beatriz Salceda-Sánchez
- Secretaría de Salud, Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos, Laboratorio de Entomología, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Herón Huerta-Jiménez
- Secretaría de Salud, Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos, Laboratorio de Entomología, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - Ingeborg Becker
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Medicina Tropical, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Sokani Sánchez-Montes
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Medicina Tropical, Ciudad de México, México
- Universidad Veracruzana, región Poza Rica-Tuxpan, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Laboratorio de Diagnóstico, Tuxpan de Rodríguez Cano, Veracruz, México
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Brown Dog Tick ( Rhipicephalus sanguineus Sensu Lato) Infection with Endosymbiont and Human Pathogenic Rickettsia spp., in Northeastern México. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19106249. [PMID: 35627785 PMCID: PMC9141927 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19106249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Of the documented tick-borne diseases infecting humans in México, Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF), caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Rickettsia rickettsii, is responsible for most fatalities. Given recent evidence of brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l., as an emerging vector of human RMSF, we aimed to evaluate dogs and their ticks for rickettsiae infections as an initial step in assessing the establishment of this pathosystem in a poorly studied region of northeastern México while evaluating the use of dogs as sentinels for transmission/human disease risk. We sampled owned dogs living in six disadvantaged neighborhoods of Reynosa, northeastern México to collect whole blood and ticks. Of 168 dogs assessed, tick infestation prevalence was 53%, composed of exclusively Rh. sanguineus s. l. (n = 2170 ticks). Using PCR and sequencing, we identified an overall rickettsiae infection prevalence of 4.1% (n = 12/292) in ticks, in which eight dogs harbored at least one infected tick. Rickettsiae infections included Rickettsia amblyommatis and Rickettsia parkeri, both of which are emerging human pathogens, as well as Candidatus Rickettsia andeanae. This is the first documentation of pathogenic Rickettsia species in Rh. sanguineus s.l. collected from dogs from northeastern México. Domestic dog infestation with Rickettsia-infected ticks indicates ongoing transmission; thus, humans are at risk for exposure, and this underscores the importance of public and veterinary health surveillance for these pathogens.
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Molecular detection of Rickettsia amblyommatis and Rickettsia parkeri in ticks collected from wild pigs in Campeche, Mexico. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2021; 13:101844. [PMID: 34670190 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2021.101844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Tick-borne rickettsioses are caused at least by 15 species of Rickettsia of the Spotted fever group, which represent a major emerging and re-emerging public health problem worldwide. Some of these microorganisms have complex cycles involving the interaction of multiple species of ticks and wild and domestic mammals. Rickettsia infection was investigated in ticks collected from wild pigs at six localities in southeastern Mexico. We collected and tested 196 ticks belonging to four species, including Amblyomma maculatum, Amblyomma mixtum, Amblyomma ovale and Riphicephalus microplus, from 13 of 20 (65%) wild pigs sampled. Overall, Rickettsia DNA was detected in 13.8% of ticks tested (10 ♂ and 17 ♀). Of the 27 Rickettsia-positive ticks, six were A. maculatum, and 21 A. mixtum. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the gltA and ompB genes revealed the presence of Rickettsia parkeri sensu stricto in one female A. maculatum and Rickettsia amblyommatis in five A. maculatum (2 ♂, 3 ♀) and 21 A. mixtum ticks (8 ♂, 13 ♀). The finding of two rickettsial agents in ticks collected from a wild pig population that is regularly captured and kept in captivity or hunted as a source of food raises concern about potential disease transmission to humans and domestic animals. However, more investigations are needed to further understand the ecology of Rickettsia species in free-ranging animals and their implications for human health.
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Sánchez-Montes S, Santoyo-Colín V, Zapata-Marín A, López-Pérez AM, Gil-Alarcón G, Arenas P, Zazueta-Islas HM, Solís-Cortés M, Salceda-Sánchez B, Colunga-Salas P, Becker I, Gual-Sill F. Rediscovering an old friend: the case of Ixodes dampfi in a protected natural reserve in central Mexico. Parasitol Res 2021; 120:3899-3904. [PMID: 34546439 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-021-07318-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The tick Ixodes dampfi Cooley 1943, a member of the Pholeoixodes subgenus, was first described from gophers (Geomys sp.) collected in the state of Mexico. However, information on the origin and parasite-host association of I. dampfi is lacking. Here, new records of the occurrence of this tick species were provided nearly 80 years since its original description, in addition to new localities, genetic data, and host-parasite records. A total of four hosts (one Bassariscus astutus, two Didelphis virginiana, and one Peromyscus gratus) from three orders (Carnivora, Didelphimorphia, and Rodentia) were parasitised by seven I. dampfi females. Sequences of the 16S rDNA gene from the ticks exhibited a similarity ranging from 97 (389/403 bp) to 100% (403/403 bp), with the unique sequence of I. dampfi available on GenBank (AF549837). Additionally, Rickettsia-specific 16S rDNA, htrA, and ompA gene assays generated sequences in four of the seven I. dampfi specimens (57.14%). Partial sequences revealed 99-100% genetic identities with Candidatus Rickettsia angustus (GenBank accession HF935069, HF935072, HF935078) and Candidatus Rickettsia kingi (GenBank accession HF935068, HF935071, HF935077) from Canada. Our results represent the first record of this elusive ectoparasite in a natural protected area, which is a triumph for conservation, as accelerated defaunation processes pose the risk of coextinction for many groups of vertebrates and their ectoparasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sokani Sánchez-Montes
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias región Tuxpan, Universidad Veracruzana, Carretera Tuxpan Tampico Kilómetro 7.5, Universitaria, Tuxpan de Rodríguez Cano, Veracruz, C.P. 92870, México. .,Centro de Medicina Tropical, Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México.
| | - Verónica Santoyo-Colín
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias región Tuxpan, Universidad Veracruzana, Carretera Tuxpan Tampico Kilómetro 7.5, Universitaria, Tuxpan de Rodríguez Cano, Veracruz, C.P. 92870, México.,Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Col. Villa Quietud, Del. Coyoacán, CP. 04960, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Alejandro Zapata-Marín
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Col. Villa Quietud, Del. Coyoacán, CP. 04960, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Andrés M López-Pérez
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Guillermo Gil-Alarcón
- Secretaría de la Reserva Ecológica del Pedregal de San Ángel- REPSA, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Pablo Arenas
- Secretaría de la Reserva Ecológica del Pedregal de San Ángel- REPSA, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Héctor M Zazueta-Islas
- Centro de Medicina Tropical, Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Marlene Solís-Cortés
- Centro de Medicina Tropical, Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Beatriz Salceda-Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Entomología, Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Pablo Colunga-Salas
- Centro de Medicina Tropical, Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México.,Instituto de Biotecnología y Ecología Aplicada, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa de Enríquez, Veracruz, México
| | - Ingeborg Becker
- Centro de Medicina Tropical, Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Fernando Gual-Sill
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Col. Villa Quietud, Del. Coyoacán, CP. 04960, Ciudad de México, México. .,Dirección General de Zoológicos y Conservación de la Fauna Silvestre, Secretaría del Medio Ambiente de la Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México, México.
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