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Sereno D, Oury B, Grijalva MJ. Chagas Disease across the Ages: A Historical View and Commentary on Navigating Future Challenges. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1153. [PMID: 38930535 PMCID: PMC11205636 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12061153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease, discovered over a century ago, continues to pose a global health challenge, affecting millions mainly in Latin America. This historical review with commentary outlines the disease's discovery, its evolution into a global concern due to migration, and highlights significant advances in diagnostics and treatment strategies. Despite these advancements, the paper discusses ongoing challenges in eradication, including vector control, congenital transmission, the disease's asymptomatic nature, and socioeconomic barriers to effective management. It calls for a multidisciplinary approach, enhanced diagnostics, improved treatment accessibility, and sustained vector control efforts. The review emphasizes the importance of global collaboration and increased funding to reduce Chagas disease's impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Sereno
- INTERTRYP, University Montpellier, Centre International de Recherche en Agronomie (CIRAD), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), GloInsect: Global Infectiology and Entomology Research Group, 34032 Montpellier, France;
| | - Bruno Oury
- INTERTRYP, University Montpellier, Centre International de Recherche en Agronomie (CIRAD), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), GloInsect: Global Infectiology and Entomology Research Group, 34032 Montpellier, France;
| | - Mario J. Grijalva
- Infectious and Tropical Disease Institute, Biomedical Sciences Department, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, OH 45701, USA;
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2
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Kann S, Concha G, Frickmann H, Hagen RM, Warnke P, Molitor E, Hoerauf A, Backhaus J. Chagas Disease: Comparison of Therapy with Nifurtimox and Benznidazole in Indigenous Communities in Colombia. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2565. [PMID: 38731093 PMCID: PMC11084551 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13092565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: For indigenous people in Colombia, high infection rates with Chagas disease (CD) are known. Methods: In 2018 and 2020, nine villages were screened for CD. CD-positive patients could enter a drug observed treatment. While, in 2018, Benznidazole (BNZ) was provided as the first-line drug by the government, nifurtimox (NFX) was administered in 2020. Results: Of 121 individuals treated with BNZ, 79 (65%) suffered from at least one adverse event (AE). Of 115 treated with NFX, at least one AE occurred in 96 (84%) patients. In 69% of BNZ cases, the side effects did not last longer than one day; this applied to 31% of NFX cases. Excluding extreme outlier values, average duration of AEs differed highly significantly: BNZ (M = 0.7, SD = 1.4) and NFX (M = 1.7, SD = 1.5, p < 0.001). Using an intensity scale, AEs were highly significantly more severe for NFX (M = 2.1, SD = 0.58) compared to BZN (M = 1.1, SD = 0.38), p < 0.001. When analyzing the duration in relation to the intensity, the burden of AEs caused by NFX was significantly more pronounced. Dropouts (n = 2) due to AEs were in the NFX-group only. Conclusions: Side effects caused by BNZ were significantly fewer, as well as milder, shorter in duration, and more easily treatable, compared to NFX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Kann
- Department of Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Bundeswehr Central Hospital Koblenz, 56070 Koblenz, Germany;
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology (IMMIP), University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (E.M.); (A.H.)
| | - Gustavo Concha
- Organization Wiwa Yugumaiun Bunkauanarrua Tayrona (OWYBT), Department Health Advocacy, Valledupar 2000001, Colombia;
| | - Hagen Frickmann
- Department of Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Bundeswehr Hospital Hamburg, 20359 Hamburg, Germany;
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medicine Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany;
| | - Ralf Matthias Hagen
- Department of Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Bundeswehr Central Hospital Koblenz, 56070 Koblenz, Germany;
| | - Philipp Warnke
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medicine Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany;
| | - Ernst Molitor
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology (IMMIP), University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (E.M.); (A.H.)
| | - Achim Hoerauf
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology (IMMIP), University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (E.M.); (A.H.)
| | - Joy Backhaus
- Statistical Consulting, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany;
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Urbano P, Hernández C, Velásquez-Ortiz N, Ballesteros N, Páez-Triana L, Vega L, Urrea V, Ramírez A, Muñoz M, Ibarra-Cerdeña CN, González C, Ramírez JD. Transmission ecology of Trypanosoma cruzi by Rhodnius prolixus (Reduviidae: Triatominae) infesting palm-tree species in the Colombian Orinoco, indicates risks to human populations. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2024; 18:e0011981. [PMID: 38377140 PMCID: PMC10906903 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chagas disease, affecting approximately eight million individuals in tropical regions, is primarily transmitted by vectors. Rhodnius prolixus, a triatomine vector, commonly inhabits in ecotopes with diverse palm tree species, creating optimal conditions for vector proliferation. This study aims to explore the transmission ecology of Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative parasite of Chagas disease, by investigating the feeding patterns and natural infection rates of R. prolixus specimens collected from various wild palm species in the Colombian Orinoco region. MATERIALS AND METHODS To achieve this objective, we sampled 35 individuals from three palm species (Attalea butyracea, Acrocomia aculeata, and Mauritia flexuosa) in a riparian forest in the Casanare department of eastern Colombia, totaling 105 sampled palm trees. DNA was extracted and analyzed from 115 R. prolixus specimens at different developmental stages using quantitative PCR (qPCR) for T. cruzi detection and identification of discrete typing units. Feeding preferences were determined by sequencing the 12S rRNA gene amplicon through next-generation sequencing. RESULTS A total of 676 R. prolixus specimens were collected from the sampled palms. The study revealed variation in population densities and developmental stages of R. prolixus among palm tree species, with higher densities observed in A. butyracea and lower densities in M. flexuosa. TcI was the exclusive T. cruzi discrete typing unit (DTU) found, with infection frequency positively correlated with R. prolixus abundance. Insects captured in A. butyracea exhibited higher abundance and infection rates than those from other palm species. The feeding sources comprised 13 mammal species, showing no significant differences between palm species in terms of blood sources. However, Didelphis marsupialis and Homo sapiens were present in all examined R. prolixus, and Dasypus novemcinctus was found in 89.47% of the insects. CONCLUSION This study highlights the significance of wild palms, particularly A. butyracea, as a substantial risk factor for T. cruzi transmission to humans in these environments. High population densities and infection rates of R. prolixus were observed in each examined palm tree species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Plutarco Urbano
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Tropical (CIMPAT), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
- Grupo de Investigaciones Biológicas de la Orinoquia, Universidad Internacional del Trópico Americano (Unitrópico), Yopal, Colombia
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carolina Hernández
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
- Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, United States of America
- Centro de Tecnología en Salud (CETESA), Innovaseq SAS, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Natalia Velásquez-Ortiz
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Nathalia Ballesteros
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Luisa Páez-Triana
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Laura Vega
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Vanessa Urrea
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Angie Ramírez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Marina Muñoz
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carlos N. Ibarra-Cerdeña
- Departamento de Ecología Humana, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (Cinvestav), Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - Camila González
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Parasitología Tropical (CIMPAT), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juan David Ramírez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
- Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, New York, United States of America
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Mello FD, Souza GD, Bedin C, Duarte MB, Leon ÍFD, Villela MM. Occurrence and distribution of Panstrongylus megistus (Burmeister, 1835) (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) in a metropolitan area of Southern Brazil. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2023; 65:e35. [PMID: 37283410 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946202365035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Two triatomine genera (Panstrongylus and Triatoma) have essentially been recorded in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Panstrongylus megistus should be highlighted since this species is one of the main vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi in Brazil, due to its wide geographical distribution and the high susceptibility to this protozoan. This study aimed to present not only the occurrence and distribution of P. megistus in the Porto Alegre city's metropolitan area (PAMA), Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, but also the rates of T. cruzi infection, from 2009 to 2020. The PAMA, which comprises 34 cities and 4.4 million habitants, extends across the transition area in two biomes - Pampa and Mata Atlantica - found in the state. Results showed that P. megistus was recorded in 76.5% of cities (i.e., 26 out of 34), mainly in Porto Alegre city, where the vector was found in 11 out of the 12 years that were monitored. Three hundred and nineteen specimens were captured. Two hundred and sixty-seven specimens (83.7%) were located intradomicile (p < 0.0001), while 52.3% positivity for T. cruzi was found. Thus, P. megistus is important in the PAMA, because it invades and colonizes the households. Moreover, the high rates of T. cruzi infection have drawn attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda de Mello
- Secretaria Estadual da Saúde, Centro Estadual de Vigilância em Saúde, Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Getúlio Dornelles Souza
- Prefeitura de Porto Alegre, Secretaria Municipal de Saúde, Diretoria de Vigilância em Saúde, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Cleonara Bedin
- Secretaria Estadual da Saúde, Centro Estadual de Vigilância em Saúde, Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Bergamin Duarte
- Secretaria Estadual da Saúde, Centro Estadual de Vigilância em Saúde, Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ítalo Ferreira de Leon
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu em Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marcos Marreiro Villela
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Parasitologia Humana, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Galeno ÉO, Oliveira J, Santos WMD, Galardo AKR, Müller JN. First report of Rhodnius amazonicus Almeida, Santos & Sposina, 1973 (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae) invading a dwelling in the state of Amapá, Brazil. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15204. [PMID: 37153416 PMCID: PMC10160355 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhodnius amazonicus has been previously reported in the Brazilian states of Amazonas and Pará, as well as in French Guiana. However, this is the first recorded presence of this species in Amapá, which is situated in the northern region of Brazil. The specimen was collected from a house in the rural area of the municipality of Porto Grande. Other triatomines, such as Panstrongylus geniculatus, Rhodnius pictipes, and Eratyrus mucronatus, were also found in the same locality in different houses. These species are vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi, which causes Chagas disease. Therefore, this report may contribute to understanding transmission in the state of Amapá, where new infections and outbreaks of Chagas disease have been recorded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Érika Oliveira Galeno
- Prefeitura Municipal de Macapá, Departamento de Vigilância Ambiental, Cabralzinho, Macapá, AP, Brazil
| | - Jader Oliveira
- Laboratório de Entomologia em Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Av. Dr. Arnaldo 715, 01246-904, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Wellington Monteiro dos Santos
- Laboratório de Entomologia Médica, Núcleo de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Estado do Amapá, Macapá, AP, Brazil
| | - Allan Kardec Ribeiro Galardo
- Laboratório de Entomologia Médica, Núcleo de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Estado do Amapá, Macapá, AP, Brazil
| | - Josiane Nogueira Müller
- Laboratório de Entomologia Médica, Núcleo de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Estado do Amapá, Macapá, AP, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Tropical, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Corresponding author.Laboratório de Entomologia Médica, Núcleo de Biodiversidade, Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Estado do Amapá, Macapá, AP, Brazil.
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Cruz DD, Ospina-Garces SM, Arellano E, Ibarra-Cerdeña CN, Nava-García E, Alcalá R. Geometric morphometrics and ecological niche modelling for delimitation of Triatoma pallidipennis (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) haplogroups. CURRENT RESEARCH IN PARASITOLOGY & VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES 2023; 3:100119. [PMID: 37009555 PMCID: PMC10064238 DOI: 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2023.100119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
A recent phylogenetic analysis of Triatoma pallidipennis, an important Chagas disease vector in Mexico, based on molecular markers, revealed five monophyletic haplogroups with validity as cryptic species. Here, we compare T. pallidipennis haplogroups using head and pronotum features, environmental characteristics of their habitats, and ecological niche modeling. To analyze variation in shape, images of the head and pronotum of the specimens were obtained and analyzed using methods based on landmarks and semi-landmarks. Ecological niche models were obtained from occurrence data, as well as a set of bioclimatic variables that characterized the environmental niche of each analyzed haplogroup. Deformation grids for head showed a slight displacement towards posterior region of pre-ocular landmarks. Greatest change in head shape was observed with strong displacement towards anterior region of antenniferous tubercle. Procrustes ANOVA and pairwise comparisons showed differences in mean head shape in almost all haplogroups. However, pairwise comparisons of mean pronotum shape only showed differences among three haplogroups. Correct classification of all haplogroups was not possible using discriminant analysis. Important differences were found among the environmental niches of the analyzed haplogroups. Ecological niche models of each haplogroup did not predict the climatic suitability areas of the other haplogroups, revealing differences in environmental conditions. Significant differences were found between at least two haplogroups, demonstrating distinct environmental preferences among them. Our results show how the analysis of morphometric variation and the characterization of the environmental conditions that define the climatic niche can be used to improve the delimitation of T. pallidipennis haplogroups that constitute cryptic species.
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Gigena GV, Rodríguez CS, Fiad FG, Hernández ML, Carbajal-de-la-Fuente AL, Piccinali RV, Sánchez Casaccia P, Rojas de Arias A, Lobbia P, Abrahan L, Bustamante Gomez M, Espinoza J, Cano F, Nattero J. Phenotypic variability in traits related to flight dispersal in the wing dimorphic species Triatoma guasayana. Parasit Vectors 2023; 16:8. [PMID: 36624528 PMCID: PMC9830765 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05570-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triatoma guasayana is considered an emerging vector of Chagas disease in the Southern Cone of South America. The presence of a triatomine population with brachypterous individuals, in which both wings are reduced, has recently been reported for this species. The aim of the present study was to determine if flight-related traits varied across populations, if these traits could explain differences in flight capacity across populations and if flight-related traits are associated with geographic and/or climatic variation. METHODS The study involved 66 male T. guasayana specimens from 10 triatomine populations. Digital images of wing, head and pronotum were used to estimate linear and geometric morphometric variables. Variations in size and shape were analysed using one-way analysis of variance and canonical variate analysis (CVA), respectively. Mantel tests were applied to analyse the relationship between morphometric and geographic distances, and the association between size measurements was analysed using Pearson's correlation. We explored covariation between size and shape variables using partial least square analyses (PLS). The association of geographic and climatic variables with size measurements was tested using linear regression analyses. We performed PLS analyses for shape measurements. RESULTS Wing size differed significantly across triatomine populations. The CVA showed that wing shape of the brachypterous population is well discriminated from that of the other populations. The Mantel test showed a positive and significant association between wing shape and geographic distances. The heads of the brachypterous population were significantly larger than those of the other populations. Similar to wing shape, the head shape of the brachypterous population was well discriminated from those of the other populations. Pronotum width did not show significant differences across populations. Geographic and climatic factors were associated with size and shape of both the wing and head, but not with pronotum width. CONCLUSIONS Most of the traits related to flight dispersal varied across populations. Wing shape and head shape were found to be better markers for differentiated morphological variation across populations. Head measurements also varied in accordance with this condition. Geographic and climatic variables were associated with most of the flight-related traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisel V. Gigena
- grid.423606.50000 0001 1945 2152Cátedras de Morfología Animal y de Introducción a la Biología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas (IIByT), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)/Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Vélez Sársfield 299, X5000JJC Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Claudia S. Rodríguez
- grid.423606.50000 0001 1945 2152Cátedras de Morfología Animal y de Introducción a la Biología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas (IIByT), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)/Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Vélez Sársfield 299, X5000JJC Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Federico G. Fiad
- grid.423606.50000 0001 1945 2152Cátedras de Morfología Animal y de Introducción a la Biología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas (IIByT), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)/Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Vélez Sársfield 299, X5000JJC Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Laura Hernández
- grid.423606.50000 0001 1945 2152Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina ,Unidad Operativa de Vectores y Ambiente (UnOVE), Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud “Dr. Carlos Malbrán, Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico e Investigación en Endemo-Epidemias (CeNDIE), Santa María de Punilla, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ana Laura Carbajal-de-la-Fuente
- grid.419202.c0000 0004 0433 8498Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico e Investigación en Endemo-Epidemias (CeNDIE), Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud “Dr. Carlos Malbrán” (ANLIS), Av. Paseo Colón 568, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Romina V. Piccinali
- grid.7345.50000 0001 0056 1981Departamento de Ecología Genética y Evolución, Laboratorio de Eco-Epidemiología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2, C1428EGA Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina ,grid.7345.50000 0001 0056 1981Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución (IEGEBA), Intendente Güiraldes, CONICET/Universidad de Buenos Aires, 2160, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2, C1428EGA Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paz Sánchez Casaccia
- grid.419202.c0000 0004 0433 8498Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico e Investigación en Endemo-Epidemias (CeNDIE), Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud “Dr. Carlos Malbrán” (ANLIS), Av. Paseo Colón 568, Buenos Aires, Argentina ,Centro para el Desarrollo de la Investigación Científica (CEDIC), Manduvirá 635 entre 15 de agosto y Oleary, Asunción, Paraguay
| | - Antonieta Rojas de Arias
- Centro para el Desarrollo de la Investigación Científica (CEDIC), Manduvirá 635 entre 15 de agosto y Oleary, Asunción, Paraguay
| | - Patricia Lobbia
- grid.423606.50000 0001 1945 2152Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina ,Unidad Operativa de Vectores y Ambiente (UnOVE), Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud “Dr. Carlos Malbrán, Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico e Investigación en Endemo-Epidemias (CeNDIE), Santa María de Punilla, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Luciana Abrahan
- grid.507426.2Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja (CRILAR), UNLAR, SEGEMAR, UNCa, CONICET, Entre Ríos y Mendoza S/N, Anillaco , 5301 La Rioja, Provincia de La Rioja Argentina
| | - Marinely Bustamante Gomez
- grid.441790.f0000 0004 0489 2878Departamento de Apoyo y Asesoramiento a Proyectos, Universidad Privada del Valle, Campus Tiquipaya, Cochabamba, Bolivia
| | - Jorge Espinoza
- grid.10491.3d0000 0001 2176 4059Departamento de Biología, Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Universidad Mayor de San Simón, Cochabamba, Bolivia
| | - Florencia Cano
- Programa de Control de Vectores, Ministerio de Salud Pública de San Juan, San Juan, Argentina
| | - Julieta Nattero
- grid.7345.50000 0001 0056 1981Departamento de Ecología Genética y Evolución, Laboratorio de Eco-Epidemiología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2, C1428EGA Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina ,grid.7345.50000 0001 0056 1981Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución (IEGEBA), Intendente Güiraldes, CONICET/Universidad de Buenos Aires, 2160, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2, C1428EGA Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Medeiros CDA, Silva MBA, Oliveira ALSD, Alves SMM, Oliveira Júnior WD, Medeiros ZMD. Spatial analysis of the natural infection index for Triatomines and the risk of Chagas disease transmission in Northeastern Brazil. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2023; 65:e32. [PMID: 37098920 PMCID: PMC10124779 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946202365032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the spatial pattern of natural infection index (NII) for triatomines and the risk of Chagas disease transmission in an endemic area of Northeastern Brazil. An ecological study was conducted, based on 184 municipalities in five mesoregions. The NII for triatomines was evaluated in the Pernambuco State, Brazil, from 2016 to 2018. Spatial autocorrelations were evaluated using Global Moran Index (I) and Local Moran Index (II) and were considered positive when I > 0 and p < 0.05, respectively. In total, 7,302 triatomines belonging to seven different species were detected. Triatoma brasiliensis had the highest frequency (53%; n = 3,844), followed by Triatoma pseudomaculata (25%; n = 1,828) and Panstrongylus lutzi (18.5%; n=1,366). The overall NII was 12%, and the higher NII values were P. lutzi (21%) and Panstrongylus megistus (18%). In the mesoregions of Zona da Mata, Agreste, Sertao, and Sertao do Sao Francisco, 93% of triatomines were detected indoors. The global spatial autocorrelation of I to NII was positive (0.2; p = 0.01), and II values calculated using BoxMap, MoranMap, Lisa Cluster Map were statistically significant for natural infections. With regard to the risk areas for the presence of triatomines, Zone 2 (the Agreste and Sertao regions) presented a relative risk of 3.65 compared to other areas in the state. Our study shows the potential areas of vector transmission of Chagas disease. In this study, the application of different methods of spatial analysis made it possible to locate these areas, which would not have been identified by only applying epidemiological indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina de Araújo Medeiros
- Universidade de Pernambuco, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Universidade de Pernambuco, Pronto Socorro Cardiológico de Pernambuco, Ambulatório de Doença de Chagas e Insuficiência Cardíaca, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Universidade de Pernambuco, Faculdade de Enfermagem Nossa Senhora das Graças, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Maria Beatriz Araújo Silva
- Universidade de Pernambuco, Faculdade de Enfermagem Nossa Senhora das Graças, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Secretaria Estadual de Saúde de Pernambuco, Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública "Dr. Milton Bezerra Sobral", Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Sá de Oliveira
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Núcleo de Estatística e Geoprocessamento Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Sílvia Marinho Martins Alves
- Universidade de Pernambuco, Pronto Socorro Cardiológico de Pernambuco, Ambulatório de Doença de Chagas e Insuficiência Cardíaca, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Wilson de Oliveira Júnior
- Universidade de Pernambuco, Pronto Socorro Cardiológico de Pernambuco, Ambulatório de Doença de Chagas e Insuficiência Cardíaca, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Zulma Maria de Medeiros
- Universidade de Pernambuco, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Departamento de Parasitologia Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Velásquez-Ortiz N, Hernández C, Cantillo-Barraza O, Ballesteros N, Cruz-Saavedra L, Herrera G, Buitrago LS, Soto H, Medina M, Palacio J, González MS, Cuervo A, Vallejo G, Zuleta Dueñas L, Urbano P, Muñoz M, Ramírez JD. Trypanosoma cruzi Parasite Burdens of Several Triatomine Species in Colombia. Trop Med Infect Dis 2022; 7:tropicalmed7120445. [PMID: 36548700 PMCID: PMC9782637 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed7120445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Trypanosoma cruzi, the causal agent of Chagas disease, is mainly transmitted by insects of the Triatominae subfamily. In Colombia, there are 26 triatomine species, and 16 of them are naturally infected with the parasite. The parasite loads of naturally infected vectors can be significant in targeting specific species that can affect the epidemiology of the disease. Studying their ecology and behavior is vital to understand their role in T. cruzi transmission dynamics. We evaluated the parasite loads of 182 field-collected triatomines corresponding to 10 species in 13 departments across Colombia. We standardized a methodology to quantify T. cruzi DNA in these insects. We obtained a LOD (limit of detection) of 3.05 p-eq/mL. The 82% of triatomines we evaluated were positive for T. cruzi infection, with loads ranging from hundreds to millions of equivalent parasites per milliliter. Panstrongylus geniculatus, Rhodnius prolixus, and Triatoma dimidiata were the species with the highest loads of T. cruzi; however, other species whose role as vectors is still unknown were also found with high loads of parasites. Our results suggest the relevance of secondary species for T. cruzi transmission in Colombia. We hope our data can help improve entomological surveillance and vector control programs in the country and the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Velásquez-Ortiz
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carolina Hernández
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
- Centro de Tecnología en Salud (CETESA), Innovaseq SAS, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Omar Cantillo-Barraza
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
- Grupo BCEI, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Nathalia Ballesteros
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Lissa Cruz-Saavedra
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Giovanny Herrera
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Hugo Soto
- Laboratorio de Salud Pública del Cesar, Valledupar, Colombia
| | - Manuel Medina
- Programa de Control de ETV, Secretaría de Salud de Boyacá, Tunja, Colombia
| | - Jatney Palacio
- Laboratorio Departamental de Salud Pública del Departamento del Chocó, Quibdó, Colombia
| | | | - Andrés Cuervo
- Secretaría Departamental de Salud de Arauca, Arauca, Colombia
| | - Gustavo Vallejo
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Parasitología Tropical, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Tolima, Ibagué, Colombia
| | - Liliana Zuleta Dueñas
- Grupo de Vigilancia en Salud Pública, Secretaría de Salud de Casanare, Yopal, Colombia
| | - Plutarco Urbano
- Grupo de Investigaciones Biológicas de la Orinoquia, Universidad Internacional del Trópico Americano (Unitrópico), Yopal, Colombia
| | - Marina Muñoz
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juan David Ramírez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
- Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
- Correspondence: or
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da Silva LA, Belintani T, de Paiva VF, Nascimento JD, Ribeiro AR, Gardim S, Rocha CS, de Mello F, Obara MT, de Oliveira J, da Rosa JA. Integrative taxonomy and phylogenetic systematics of the Triatoma rubrovaria subcomplex (Hemiptera, Triatominae). Acta Trop 2022; 237:106699. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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11
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Identification of blood meal sources in species of genus Rhodnius in four different environments in the Brazilian amazon. Acta Trop 2022; 232:106486. [PMID: 35525313 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Chagas disease is a zoonotic disease caused by the hemoflagellate Trypanosoma cruzi and transmitted primarily by triatomine vectors. Triatomines are hematophagous insects that feed on a variety of vertebrate hosts. The Chagas disease transmission cycle is closely related to the interactions between vectors, parasites, and vertebrate hosts. Knowledge of triatomine food sources is critical to understanding Chagas disease transmission dynamics. The aim of this study was to identify blood meal sources used by triatomines from different environments in the Brazilian Amazon. A total of 25 captures were conducted in four environments. Triatomine specimens were captured on palm trees and were identified by morphological and morphometric characters. Blood meal sources identification was conducted using a traditional PCR followed by Sanger sequencing of mtDNA cytb gene. Sequencing was successful in 167 specimens and a total of 21 blood meal sources were identified: two reptilians, six birds, and 13 mammals. Among these 21 species, three (Tamandua tetradactyla, Didelphis marsupialis and Rattus rattus) are considered reservoir of T. cruzi. Knowledge of the relationship between triatomines and possible reservoirs can help to elucidate the enzootic cycle of T. cruzi in the Amazon region and guide control strategies for Chagas disease transmission in that region.
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Gil-Santana HR, Chavez T, Pita S, Panzera F, Galvão C. Panstrongylusnoireaui, a remarkable new species of Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) from Bolivia. Zookeys 2022; 1104:203-225. [PMID: 36761929 PMCID: PMC9848746 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1104.81879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Panstrongylusnoireaui sp. nov. from Bolivia is described based on male and female specimens. Although morphologically almost indistinguishable from Panstrongylusrufotuberculatus (Champion, 1899), the new species shows remarkable chromosome and molecular features, which are very distinctive among all others Panstrongylus species. The new species is also separated by some characteristics of the processes of the endosoma of the male genitalia. An updated key for species of Panstrongylus is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélcio R. Gil-Santana
- Laboratório de Diptera, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4365, 21040-360, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Tamara Chavez
- Instituto Nacional de Laboratorios de Salud, Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Sebastián Pita
- Universidad de la República, Facultad de Ciencias, Sección Genética Evolutiva, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Francisco Panzera
- Universidad de la República, Facultad de Ciencias, Sección Genética Evolutiva, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Cleber Galvão
- Laboratório de Diptera, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, 4365, 21040-360, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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