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Sallam A, Amro A, Mourad AMI, Rafeek A, Boerner A, Eltaher S. Molecular genetic diversity and linkage disequilibrium structure of the Egyptian faba bean using Single Primer Enrichment Technology (SPET). BMC Genomics 2024; 25:644. [PMID: 38943067 PMCID: PMC11212244 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10245-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Faba bean is an important legume crop. The genetic diversity among faba bean genotypes is very important for the genetic improvement of target traits. A set of 128 fab bean genotypes that are originally from Egypt were used in this study to investigate the genetic diversity and population structure. The 128 genotypes were genotyped using the Single Primer Enrichment Technology (SPET) by which a set of 6759 SNP markers were generated after filtration. The SNP markers were distributed on all chromosomes with a range extending from 822 (Chr. 6) to 1872 (Chr.1). The SNP markers had wide ranges of polymorphic information content (PIC), gene diversity (GD), and minor allele frequency. The analysis of population structure divided the Egyptian faba bean population into five subpopulations. Considerable genetic distance was found among all genotypes, ranging from 0.1 to 0.4. The highly divergent genotype was highlighted in this study and the genetic distance among genotypes ranged from 0.1 and 0.6. Moreover, the structure of linkage disequilibrium was studied, and the analysis revealed a low level of LD in the Egyptian faba bean population. A slow LD decay at the genomic and chromosomal levels was observed. Interestingly, the distribution of haplotype blocks was presented in each chromosome and the number of haplotype block ranged from 65 (Chr. 4) to 156 (Chr. 1). Migration and genetic drift are the main reasons for the low LD in the Egyptian faba bean population. The results of this study shed light on the possibility of the genetic improvement of faba bean crop in Egypt and conducting genetic association analyses to identify candidate genes associated with target traits (e.g. protein content, grain yield, etc.) in this panel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Sallam
- Genebank Department, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Stadt Seeland, Germany.
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Amro
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Faculty of Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt
| | - Amira M I Mourad
- Genebank Department, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Stadt Seeland, Germany
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt
| | - Abdallah Rafeek
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt
| | - Andreas Boerner
- Genebank Department, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Stadt Seeland, Germany
| | - Shamaseldeen Eltaher
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
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Skovbjerg CK, Angra D, Robertson-Shersby-Harvie T, Kreplak J, Keeble-Gagnère G, Kaur S, Ecke W, Windhorst A, Nielsen LK, Schiemann A, Knudsen J, Gutierrez N, Tagkouli V, Fechete LI, Janss L, Stougaard J, Warsame A, Alves S, Khazaei H, Link W, Torres AM, O'Sullivan DM, Andersen SU. Genetic analysis of global faba bean diversity, agronomic traits and selection signatures. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:114. [PMID: 37074596 PMCID: PMC10115707 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04360-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE We identified marker-trait associations for key faba bean agronomic traits and genomic signatures of selection within a global germplasm collection. Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is a high-protein grain legume crop with great potential for sustainable protein production. However, little is known about the genetics underlying trait diversity. In this study, we used 21,345 high-quality SNP markers to genetically characterize 2678 faba bean genotypes. We performed genome-wide association studies of key agronomic traits using a seven-parent-MAGIC population and detected 238 significant marker-trait associations linked to 12 traits of agronomic importance. Sixty-five of these were stable across multiple environments. Using a non-redundant diversity panel of 685 accessions from 52 countries, we identified three subpopulations differentiated by geographical origin and 33 genomic regions subjected to strong diversifying selection between subpopulations. We found that SNP markers associated with the differentiation of northern and southern accessions explained a significant proportion of agronomic trait variance in the seven-parent-MAGIC population, suggesting that some of these traits were targets of selection during breeding. Our findings point to genomic regions associated with important agronomic traits and selection, facilitating faba bean genomics-based breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathrine Kiel Skovbjerg
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark.
- Center for Quantitative Genetics and Genomics, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Deepti Angra
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | | | - Jonathan Kreplak
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRAE, Univ. Bourgogne, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | | | - Sukhjiwan Kaur
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Wolfgang Ecke
- Department of Crop Sciences, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alex Windhorst
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, DNPW, Carl-Sprengel 1, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Natalia Gutierrez
- Área de Mejora Vegetal y Biotecnología, IFAPA Centro "Alameda del Obispo", Apdo 3092, 14080, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Vasiliki Tagkouli
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Lavinia Ioana Fechete
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Luc Janss
- Center for Quantitative Genetics and Genomics, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jens Stougaard
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ahmed Warsame
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Sheila Alves
- Crops Research, Teagasc, Oak Park, Carlow, Ireland
| | - Hamid Khazaei
- Production Systems, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Latokartanonkaari 9, 00790, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Wolfgang Link
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, DNPW, Carl-Sprengel 1, Germany
| | - Ana Maria Torres
- Área de Mejora Vegetal y Biotecnología, IFAPA Centro "Alameda del Obispo", Apdo 3092, 14080, Córdoba, Spain
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Wu F, Zhang S, Gao Q, Liu F, Wang J, Wang X. Genetic diversity and population structure analysis in a large collection of Vicia amoena in China with newly developed SSR markers. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:544. [PMID: 34800974 PMCID: PMC8605504 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03330-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Vicia amoena is a high-nutritional quality forage similar to alfalfa. However, studies on the genetic background of V. amoena are scarce. In the present study, the genetic variation of 24 V. amoena populations was assessed with newly developed simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. A total of 8799 SSRs were identified in the V. amoena genomic-enriched sequences, and the most abundant repeat number was four. A total of 569 sampled individuals were assayed to evaluate the genetic diversity of the V. amoena populations based on 21 polymorphic SSR primers. The polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.896 to 0.968, with an average of 0.931, which indicated that the markers were highly informative. Based on analysis of molecular variance, 88% of the variance occurred within populations, and the remaining 12% of the variance occurred among populations. The high degree of gene flow (Nm= 4.958) also showed slight differentiation among the V. amoena populations. The V. amoena populations were mainly clustered by steppe and mountain habitats based on principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and STRUCTURE analysis. This indicated that the elevation and special habitat of geographical origins may be important factors affecting the clustered pattern of V. amoena populations. Neighbour-joining (NJ) analysis did not separate the populations well by geographical origin, which indicated that the genetic structure of V. amoena was complex and needs further study. Overall, our results showed that the newly developed SSR markers could benefit the V. amoena research community by providing genetic background information to help establish a foundation for breeding improvement and germplasm resource conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Wu
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shangxiong Zhang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qiu Gao
- National Herbage Germplasm Conservation center of China, Beijing, 10025, China
| | - Fang Liu
- National Herbage Germplasm Conservation center of China, Beijing, 10025, China
| | - Jianli Wang
- Grass and Science Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Xianguo Wang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Genetic Variability of Tunisian Faba Beans (Vicia faba L.) Based on Seeds’ Morphophysical Properties as Assessed by Statistical Analysis. J FOOD QUALITY 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/9493607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is a legume crop cultivated for its nutritious seeds that are an important worldwide source of human food and feed. Seeds characterization is a prerequisite step for faba bean quality improvement. The morphophysical characterization of the seeds of twenty-four local faba bean accessions following the UPOV descriptors and the AOAC International standards was carried out and assessed with an approach based on Euclidean statistical model. “205 Bulk” was the unique accession harboring white hilum color seed which is linked to low convicine grain content. Irregular seed shape was the most observed character among the studied accessions except “Badii” displaying an elliptical seed shape; therefore, seed shape did not allow discrimination within our Tunisian germplasm. Interestingly, the physical characters of the seeds showed significant diversity between the accessions for all the measured parameters. A highly significant variability was observed for axial, length, and width dimensions of seeds, with “Memdouh” being the longest and largest seed accession, whereas “01-02” was the shortest and narrowest. Classification of the studied faba bean germplasm accessions based on morphophysical characters using clustering by Euclidean distance revealed three different groups. Moreover, multivariate PCA analysis further classified the faba bean accessions into four main clusters. Correlation study performed by using Spearman’s test established positive correlations within physical parameters of seeds such as between mean length and mean width of seeds. Therefore, using morphophysical parameters screening, valuable phenotypes have been selected for deeper physiological characterization and further breeding programs.
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AFLP-Based Analysis of Variation and Population Structure in Mutagenesis Induced Faba Bean. DIVERSITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/d12080303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Genetic diversity enrichment is urgently necessary to develop climate-resilient faba bean cultivars. The present study aimed to measure the enrichment of genetic diversity and changes in the population structure of faba bean, following induced mutagenesis. 120 samples, including 116 M2 mutant plants, generated by exposing the ILB4347 accession to four mutagen treatments (25 and 50 Gray gamma radiation and 0.01%, and 0.05% diethyl sulfate) and four reference genotypes were characterized using 11 amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) primer combinations. The AFLP markers generated 1687 polymorphic alleles, including 756 alleles (45%) that were detected infrequently (f ≤ 0.1). The total allele count of the mutant plants ranged from 117 to 545. We observed a wide range of banding patterns and counts among the mutant plants, showing the high genetic diversity induced by mutation. Mutations also changed the population structure, by altering 31.78% of the total membership coefficient (Q). Although mutations changed the population structure, Nei’s genetic distance showed that the mutant population remained closely related to its control parent. This is the first report examining genetic diversity and population changes in faba bean mutant populations and, thus, could facilitate the application of induced mutagenesis during faba bean breeding.
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Pavan S, Bardaro N, Fanelli V, Marcotrigiano AR, Mangini G, Taranto F, Catalano D, Montemurro C, De Giovanni C, Lotti C, Ricciardi L. Genotyping by Sequencing of Cultivated Lentil ( Lens culinaris Medik.) Highlights Population Structure in the Mediterranean Gene Pool Associated With Geographic Patterns and Phenotypic Variables. Front Genet 2019; 10:872. [PMID: 31620173 PMCID: PMC6759463 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cultivated lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) is one of the oldest domesticated crops and one of the most important grain legumes worldwide. The Mediterranean Basin holds large part of lentil biodiversity; however, no genetic structure was defined within the Mediterranean gene pool. In this study, we used high-throughput genotyping by sequencing to resolve the genetic structure of the Mediterranean ex situ lentil collection held at the Italian National Research Council. Sequencing of a 188-plex genotyping-by-sequencing library and bioinformatics treatment of data yielded 6,693 single nucleotide polymorphisms. Analysis of nonredundant genotypes with nonparametric and parametric methods highlighted the occurrence of five highly differentiated genetic clusters. Clustering could be related to geographic patterns and phenotypic traits, indicating that post-domestication routes introducing cultivation in Mediterranean countries and selection were major forces shaping lentil population structure. The estimation of the fixation index FST at individual single nucleotide polymorphism loci allowed the identification of distinctive alleles across clusters, suggesting the possibility to set up molecular keys for the assignment of lentil germplasm to specific genetic groups. Finally, significant associations between markers and phenotypic data were identified. Overall, the results of this study are of major importance for lentil conservation genetics and breeding and provide insights on the lentil evolutionary history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Pavan
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, Section of Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.,Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council (CNR), Bari, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Bardaro
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, Section of Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Valentina Fanelli
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, Section of Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Angelo Raffaele Marcotrigiano
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, Section of Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Giacomo Mangini
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, Section of Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesca Taranto
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, Section of Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.,CREA Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops (CREA-CI), Foggia, Italy
| | - Domenico Catalano
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council (CNR), Bari, Italy
| | - Cinzia Montemurro
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, Section of Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Claudio De Giovanni
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, Section of Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Concetta Lotti
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Luigi Ricciardi
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, Section of Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
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Widelska G, Wójtowicz A, Kasprzak K, Dib A, Oniszczuk T, Olech M, Wojtunik-Kulesza K, Nowak R, Sujak A, Dobrzański B, Oniszczuk A. Impact of xanthan gum addition on phenolic acids composition and selected properties of new gluten-free maize-field bean pasta. OPEN CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2019-0075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractReplacing the gluten network to produce high quality pasta is a great technological challenge. One of known solutions to the problem is the addition of xanthan gum. This paper focuses on the possibility of obtaining a new type of gluten-free maize-field bean pasta and explores the characteristics of phenolics content, antioxidant activity, cooking quality, textural and thermotropic behavior as well as the microstructure of pasta products with the various levels of added xanthan gum. The obtained results revealed that 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75% addition of xanthan gum to pasta did not have significant influence on its phenolics content and antioxidant activity, whereas 1.00% addition caused a decrease in the tested parameters. On the other hand, the opposite effect of gum addition on the cooking quality, texture characteristic and microstructure was observed. The addition of xanthan gum to the formulation improved pasta quality while reducing the leaching of its components into the cooking water. Pasta prepared with 1.00% xanthan gum showed the lowest cooking loss, the highest firmness, and the lowest adhesiveness. These results revealed a significant influence of xanthan gum content on pasta properties as confirmed by the thermal analysis and SEM microstructure observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Widelska
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Wójtowicz
- Department of Thermal Technology and Food Process Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Doświadczalna 44, 20-280Lublin, Poland
| | - Kamila Kasprzak
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093Lublin, Poland
| | - Ahlem Dib
- Laboratoire de Nutrition et Technologie Alimentaire, Institut de la Nutrition, de l’Alimentation et des Technologies Agro-Alimentaires, Université des Frères Mentouri, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Tomasz Oniszczuk
- Department of Thermal Technology and Food Process Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Doświadczalna 44, 20-280Lublin, Poland
| | - Marta Olech
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Renata Nowak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Sujak
- Department of Biophysics, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950Lublin, Poland
| | - Bohdan Dobrzański
- Pomology and Nursery Department, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Leszczyńskiego 58, 20-068Lublin, Poland
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4, 20-290Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Oniszczuk
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093Lublin, Poland
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Regression models for monitoring trace metal accumulations by Faba sativa Bernh. plants grown in soils amended with different rates of sewage sludge. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5443. [PMID: 30931965 PMCID: PMC6443791 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41807-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was conducted using a pot experiment to develop regression models for the prediction of trace metal concentrations in faba bean (Faba sativa Bernh.) plants cultivated in soils amended with different rates of sewage sludge to monitor possible human health risks. The trace metal concentrations in the different tissues of faba bean showed that most of the investigated trace metals were accumulated in the plant roots rather than in the other tissues. Meanwhile, the fruits accumulated the lowest concentration of most trace metals. The trace metal concentrations of the faba bean plants had a significant positive correlation with the organic matter content and a significant negative correlation with the soil pH. Transfer of trace metals from the soil to faba bean roots indicated that Al, Cu, Pb and Zn had a transfer factor that exceeded one, whereas the TF of the investigated trace metals from the roots to the fruits did not exceed one. The daily intake rate of the investigated trace metals did not exceed one in both adults and children. On the other side, the hazard quotient of trace metals from consuming faba bean fruits had values <1 for most investigated trace metals except Al and Mn in adults and in children. It is worth mentioning that the predicted trace metal concentrations via the established regression models and measured values from the validation data set were not significantly different (P > 0.05). Therefore, these developed models will be useful for prediction of trace metals uptake by faba bean grown in soil amended with sewage sludge so possible human risks can be identified.
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Eid EM, Alrumman SA, El-Bebany AF, Fawy KF, Taher MA, Hesham AEL, El-Shaboury GA, Ahmed MT. The evaluation of sewage sludge application as a fertilizer for broad bean (Faba sativaBernh.) crops. Food Energy Secur 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/fes3.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahem M. Eid
- Biology Department; College of Science; King Khalid University; Abha Saudi Arabia
- Botany Department; Faculty of Science; Kafr El-Sheikh University; Kafr El-Sheikh Egypt
| | - Sulaiman A. Alrumman
- Biology Department; College of Science; King Khalid University; Abha Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed F. El-Bebany
- Biology Department; College of Science; King Khalid University; Abha Saudi Arabia
- Plant Pathology Department; Faculty of Agriculture; Alexandria University; El-Shatby Alexandria Egypt
| | - Khaled F. Fawy
- Chemistry Department; College of Science; King Khalid University; Abha Saudi Arabia
| | - Mostafa A. Taher
- Biology Department; College of Science; King Khalid University; Abha Saudi Arabia
- Botany Department; Faculty of Science; Aswan University; Aswan Egypt
| | - Abd El-Latif Hesham
- Biology Department; College of Science; King Khalid University; Abha Saudi Arabia
- Genetics Department; Faculty of Agriculture; Assiut University; Assiut Egypt
| | - Gamal A. El-Shaboury
- Biology Department; College of Science; King Khalid University; Abha Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed T. Ahmed
- Biology Department; College of Science; King Khalid University; Abha Saudi Arabia
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Karkanis A, Ntatsi G, Lepse L, Fernández JA, Vågen IM, Rewald B, Alsiņa I, Kronberga A, Balliu A, Olle M, Bodner G, Dubova L, Rosa E, Savvas D. Faba Bean Cultivation - Revealing Novel Managing Practices for More Sustainable and Competitive European Cropping Systems. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1115. [PMID: 30116251 PMCID: PMC6083270 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Faba beans are highly nutritious because of their high protein content: they are a good source of mineral nutrients, vitamins, and numerous bioactive compounds. Equally important is the contribution of faba bean in maintaining the sustainability of agricultural systems, as it is highly efficient in the symbiotic fixation of atmospheric nitrogen. This article provides an overview of factors influencing faba bean yield and quality, and addresses the main biotic and abiotic constraints. It also reviews the factors relating to the availability of genetic material and the agronomic features of faba bean production that contribute to high yield and the improvement of European cropping systems. Emphasis is to the importance of using new high-yielding cultivars that are characterized by a high protein content, low antinutritional compound content, and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. New cultivars should combine several of these characteristics if an increased and more stable production of faba bean in specific agroecological zones is to be achieved. Considering that climate change is also gradually affecting many European regions, it is imperative to breed elite cultivars that feature a higher abiotic-biotic stress resistance and nutritional value than currently used cultivars. Improved agronomical practices for faba bean crops, such as crop establishment and plant density, fertilization and irrigation regime, weed, pest and disease management, harvesting time, and harvesting practices are also addressed, since they play a crucial role in both the production and quality of faba bean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anestis Karkanis
- Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Georgia Ntatsi
- Laboratory of Vegetable Production, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources ELGO-DEMETER, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Liga Lepse
- Pūre Horticultural Research Centre, Pūre, Latvia
- Institute of Horticulture, Latvia University of Agriculture, Jelgava, Latvia
| | - Juan A. Fernández
- Department of Horticulture, Technical University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Spain
| | - Ingunn M. Vågen
- Department of Horticulture, Division of Food Production and Society, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Oslo, Norway
| | - Boris Rewald
- Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ina Alsiņa
- Institute of Soil and Plant Sciences, Latvia University of Agriculture, Jelgava, Latvia
| | - Arta Kronberga
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Economics, Priekuli, Latvia
| | - Astrit Balliu
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Agricultural University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania
| | - Margit Olle
- Estonian Crop Research Institute, Jõgeva, Estonia
| | - Gernot Bodner
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Laila Dubova
- Institute of Soil and Plant Sciences, Latvia University of Agriculture, Jelgava, Latvia
| | - Eduardo Rosa
- UTAD-CITAB – Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Dimitrios Savvas
- Laboratory of Vegetable Production, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- *Correspondence: Dimitrios Savvas,
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