1
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Rowinski E, Magné N, Fayette J, Daguenet E, Racadot S, Pommier P, Méry B, Vallard A, Tinquaut F, Neidhardt-Berard EM, Cassier P, Attignon V, Pissaloux D, Wang Q, Sohier E, Pérol D, Blay JY, Trédan O. Radioresistance and genomic alterations in head and neck squamous cell cancer: Sub-analysis of the ProfiLER protocol. Head Neck 2021; 43:3899-3910. [PMID: 34643313 DOI: 10.1002/hed.26891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome analysis could provide tools to assess predictive molecular biomarkers of radioresistance. METHODS Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients included in ProfiLER study and who underwent a curative radiotherapy were screened. Univariate and Cox multivariate analyses were performed to explore the relationships between molecular abnormalities, infield relapse and complete tumor response after radiation. RESULTS One hundred and forty-three patients were analyzed. PIK3CA mutation and genomic instability of MAP kinases pathway were found to be prognostic factors of loco-regional relapse in multivariate analysis with respectively HR 0.33, 95% CI 0.13-0.83, p = 0.005 and HR 0.61, 95% CI 0.38-0.96, p = 0.025. Instability of apoptosis pathway was found to be a prognostic factor of complete response after radiotherapy with HR 0.24, 95% CI 0.07-0.88, p = 0.04. CONCLUSION This sub analysis suggests that PIK3CA mutation, variation of copy number of MAP kinases and apoptosis pathways play a significant role in the radioresistance phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Rowinski
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lucien Neuwirth Cancer Institute, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Nicolas Magné
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Lucien Neuwirth Cancer Institute, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France.,Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Radiobiology, CNRS UMR 5822, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Lyon, France
| | - Jérôme Fayette
- Department of Medical Oncology, Léon Bérard Cancer Centre, Lyon, France
| | - Elisabeth Daguenet
- University Department of Research and Teaching, Lucien Neuwirth Cancer Institute, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Séverine Racadot
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Léon Bérard Cancer Centre, Lyon, France
| | - Pascal Pommier
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Léon Bérard Cancer Centre, Lyon, France
| | - Benoîte Méry
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lucien Neuwirth Cancer Institute, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Alexis Vallard
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Lucien Neuwirth Cancer Institute, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Fabien Tinquaut
- University Department of Research and Teaching, Lucien Neuwirth Cancer Institute, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | | | - Philippe Cassier
- Department of Medical Oncology, Léon Bérard Cancer Centre, Lyon, France.,Department of Translational Research and Innovation, Léon Bérard Cancer Centre, Lyon, France
| | - Valéry Attignon
- Department of Translational Research and Innovation, Léon Bérard Cancer Centre, Lyon, France
| | - Daniel Pissaloux
- Department of Translational Research and Innovation, Léon Bérard Cancer Centre, Lyon, France
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Translational Research and Innovation, Léon Bérard Cancer Centre, Lyon, France
| | - Emilie Sohier
- Department of Translational Research and Innovation, Léon Bérard Cancer Centre, Lyon, France
| | - David Pérol
- Department of Clinical Research and Innovation, Léon Bérard Cancer Centre, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Yves Blay
- Department of Medical Oncology, Léon Bérard Cancer Centre, Lyon, France.,Department of Translational Research and Innovation, Léon Bérard Cancer Centre, Lyon, France
| | - Olivier Trédan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Léon Bérard Cancer Centre, Lyon, France.,Department of Translational Research and Innovation, Léon Bérard Cancer Centre, Lyon, France
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2
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Yang R, Wang Z, Li J, Pi X, Gao R, Ma J, Qing Y, Zhou S. The Identification of the Metabolism Subtypes of Skin Cutaneous Melanoma Associated With the Tumor Microenvironment and the Immunotherapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:707677. [PMID: 34458265 PMCID: PMC8397464 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.707677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) is a highly aggressive and resistant cancer with immense metabolic heterogeneity. Here, we performed a comprehensive examination of the diverse metabolic signatures of SKCM based on non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) categorization, clustering SKCM into three distinct metabolic subtypes (C1, C2, and C3). Next, we evaluated the metadata sets of the metabolic signatures, prognostic values, transcriptomic features, tumor microenvironment signatures, immune infiltration, clinical features, drug sensitivity, and immunotherapy response of the subtypes and compared them with those of prior publications for classification. Subtype C1 was associated with high metabolic activity, low immune scores, and poor prognosis. Subtype C2 displayed low metabolic activity, high immune infiltration, high stromal score, and high expression of immune checkpoints, demonstrating the drug sensitivity to PD-1 inhibitors. The C3 subtype manifested moderate metabolic activity, high enrichment in carcinogenesis-relevant pathways, high levels of CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP), and poor prognosis. Eventually, a 90-gene classifier was produced to implement the SKCM taxonomy and execute a consistency test in different cohorts to validate its reliability. Preliminary validation was performed to ascertain the role of SLC7A4 in SKCM. These results indicated that the 90-gene signature can be replicated to stably identify the metabolic classification of SKCM. In this study, a novel SKCM classification approach based on metabolic gene expression profiles was established to further understand the metabolic diversity of SKCM and provide guidance on precisely targeted therapy to patients with the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronghua Yang
- Department of Burn Surgery and Skin Regeneration, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Zhengguang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiehua Li
- Department of Dermatology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Xiaobing Pi
- Department of Dermatology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Runxing Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Qing
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sitong Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, The First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, China
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3
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Papenberg BW, Ingles J, Gao S, Feng J, Allen JL, Markwell SM, Interval ET, Montague PA, Wen S, Weed SA. Copy number alterations identify a smoking-associated expression signature predictive of poor outcome in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Genet 2021; 256-257:136-148. [PMID: 34130230 PMCID: PMC8273756 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2021.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is a risk factor for the development of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), partially due to tobacco-induced large-scale chromosomal copy-number alterations (CNAs). Identifying CNAs caused by smoking is essential in determining how gene expression from such regions impact tumor progression and patient outcome. We utilized The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) whole genome sequencing data for HNSCC to directly identify amplified or deleted genes correlating with smoking pack-year based on linear modeling. Internal cross-validation identified 35 CNAs that significantly correlated with patient smoking, independent of human papillomavirus (HPV) status. The most abundant CNAs were chromosome 11q13.3-q14.4 amplification and 9p23.1/9p24.1 deletion. Evaluation of patient amplicons reveals four different patterns of 11q13 gene amplification in HNSCC resulting from breakage-fusion-bridge (BFB) events. . Predictive modeling identified 16 genes from these regions that denote poorer overall and disease-free survival with increased pack-year use, constituting a smoking-associated expression signature (SAES). Patients with altered expression of signature genes have increased risk of death and enhanced cervical lymph node involvement. The identified SAES can be utilized as a novel predictor of increased disease aggressiveness and poor outcome in smoking-associated HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Si Gao
- Department of Biostatistics USA
| | | | - Jessica L Allen
- Department of Biochemistry, Program in Cancer Cell Biology USA
| | | | - Erik T Interval
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, 26506 USA
| | - Phillip A Montague
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, 26506 USA
| | | | - Scott A Weed
- Department of Biochemistry, Program in Cancer Cell Biology USA.
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4
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Baykara O, Dalay N, Bakir B, Bulut P, Kaynak K, Buyru N. The EMSY Gene Collaborates with CCND1 in Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinogenesis. Int J Med Sci 2017; 14:675-679. [PMID: 28824300 PMCID: PMC5562119 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.19355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths. The main risk factor is smoking but the risk is also associated with various genetic and epigenetic components in addition to environmental factors. Increases in the gene copy numbers due to chromosomal amplifications constitute a common mechanism for oncogene activation. A gene-dense region on chromosome 11q13 which harbors four core regions that are frequently amplified, has been associated with various types of cancer. The important cell cycle regulatory protein cyclin D1 (CCND1) is an essential driver of the first core region of the Chr11q13 amplicon. Deregulation of CCND1 has been associated with different kinds of human malignancies including lung cancer. The EMSY (c11orf30) gene has been proposed as the possible driver of the fourth core of the 11q13 amplicon and its amplification has been associated with breast and ovarian cancers. There is no report in the literature investigating the EMSY gene in lung cancer. Methods: In this study, expression levels of the EMSY and CCND1 genes were investigated in 85 patients with non small cell lung cancer by Real Time PCR. Results: Expression of the EMSY and CCND1 genes were increased in 56 (65.8%) and 50 (58.8%) of the patients, respectively. Both genes showed a higher expression in the tumors when compared to normal tissues. A strong correlation was present between the expression rates of both genes (p<0.001). Patients with adenocarcinoma had higher expression levels of both genes (p=0.02). Conclusion: We conclude that EMSY and CCND1 work in collaboration and contribute to the pathogenesis of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onur Baykara
- Istanbul University, Department of Medical Biology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul 34303, Turkey
| | - Nejat Dalay
- Istanbul University, Department of Medical Biology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul 34303, Turkey
| | - Burak Bakir
- Istanbul University, Department of Medical Biology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul 34303, Turkey
| | - Pelin Bulut
- Istanbul University, Department of Medical Biology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul 34303, Turkey
| | - Kamil Kaynak
- Istanbul University, Department of Chest Surgery, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul 34303, Turkey
| | - Nur Buyru
- Istanbul University, Department of Medical Biology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul 34303, Turkey
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5
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Wang S, Zhao D, Tian R, Shi H, Chen X, Liu W, Wei L. FGF19 Contributes to Tumor Progression in Gastric Cancer by Promoting Migration and Invasion. Oncol Res 2016; 23:197-203. [PMID: 27053348 PMCID: PMC7838742 DOI: 10.3727/096504016x14537290676919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the fourth most common type of cancer and second leading cause of cancer-related death in the world. Since patients are often diagnosed at a late stage, very few effective therapies are left in the arsenal. FGF19, as a hormone, has been reported to promote tumor growth in various types of cancer; however, its function in gastric cancer remains unknown. In the current study, we showed that FGF19 is overexpressed in gastric cancer and is associated with depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, and TNM stage. In addition, in vitro experiments demonstrated that FGF19 is able to enhance migration and invasion abilities of gastric cancer cells. Given its great potency in gastric cancer progression, FGF19 may be an effective target of treatment for advanced gastric cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The Central Hospital of Taian, Taian, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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6
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Tillman BN, Yanik M, Birkeland AC, Liu CJ, Hovelson DH, Cani AK, Palanisamy N, Carskadon S, Carey TE, Bradford CR, Tomlins SA, McHugh JB, Spector ME, Brenner JC. Fibroblast growth factor family aberrations as a putative driver of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in an epidemiologically low-risk patient as defined by targeted sequencing. Head Neck 2016; 38 Suppl 1:E1646-52. [PMID: 26849095 DOI: 10.1002/hed.24292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Revised: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Targeted sequencing of patients with epidemiologically low-risk (ELR) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) could help identify novel drivers or lost suppressors leading to precision medicine protocols and improved survival rates. METHODS A patient with ELR-HNSCC was selected for targeted sequencing. We then assessed next generation sequencing cohorts from the Oncomine Powertool Database, which contains pan-cancer data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). RESULTS Targeted sequencing revealed fibroblast growth factor receptor-1 (FGFR1) amplifications as a putative driver of the patient's tumor. Patients with HNSCC from TCGA data demonstrated fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family mutations, rearrangements, or amplifications in over 35% of HNSCC cases, with a statistically significant higher frequency in African American populations. FGF alterations were unique from activating phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PIK3CA) mutations. CONCLUSION Together, these data suggest that FGF signaling may be critical for a subset of patients with HNSCC independent of other known pathways and provides rationale for leveraging patients with ELR-HNSCC to define molecular subsets of high-risk HNSCC. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E1646-E1652, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittny N Tillman
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Megan Yanik
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Andrew C Birkeland
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Chia-Jen Liu
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Daniel H Hovelson
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Andi K Cani
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Nallasivam Palanisamy
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Department of Urology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Shannon Carskadon
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Thomas E Carey
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Carol R Bradford
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Scott A Tomlins
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Department of Urology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jonathan B McHugh
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Matthew E Spector
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - J Chad Brenner
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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7
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Gollin SM. Cytogenetic alterations and their molecular genetic correlates in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a next generation window to the biology of disease. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2014; 53:972-90. [PMID: 25183546 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2014] [Accepted: 08/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytogenetic alterations underlie the development of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), whether tobacco and alcohol use, betel nut chewing, snuff or human papillomavirus (HPV) causes the disease. Many of the molecular genetic aberrations in HNSCC result from these cytogenetic alterations. This review presents a brief introduction to the epidemiology of HNSCC, and discusses the role of HPV in the disease, cytogenetic alterations and their frequencies in HNSCC, their molecular genetic and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) correlates, prognostic implications, and possible therapeutic considerations. The most frequent cytogenetic alterations in HNSCC are gains of 5p14-15, 8q11-12, and 20q12-13, gains or amplifications of 3q26, 7p11, 8q24, and 11q13, and losses of 3p, 4q35, 5q12, 8p23, 9p21-24, 11q14-23, 13q12-14, 18q23, and 21q22. To understand their effects on tumor cell biology and response to therapy, the cytogenetic findings in HNSCC are increasingly being examined in the context of the biochemical pathways they disrupt. The goal is to minimize morbidity and mortality from HNSCC using cytogenetic abnormalities to identify valuable diagnostic biomarkers for HNSCC, prognostic biomarkers of tumor behavior, recurrence risk, and outcome, and predictive biomarkers of therapeutic response to identify the most efficacious treatment for each individual patient's tumor, all based on a detailed understanding of the next generation biology of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne M Gollin
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA; Departments of Otolaryngology and Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
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8
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Vincent-Chong VK, Karen-Ng LP, Abdul Rahman ZA, Yang YH, Anwar A, Zakaria Z, Jayaprasad Pradeep P, Kallarakkal TG, Kiong Tay K, Thomas Abraham M, Mazlipah Ismail S, Zain RB. Distinct pattern of chromosomal alterations and pathways in tongue and cheek squamous cell carcinoma. Head Neck 2014; 36:1268-1278. [PMID: 31615169 DOI: 10.1002/hed.23448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2012] [Revised: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to investigate the cause of behavioral difference between tongue and cheek squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) by verifying the copy number alterations (CNAs). METHODS Array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) was used to profile unique deletions and amplifications that are involved with tongue and cheek SCC, respectively. This was followed by pathway analysis relating to CNA genes from both sites. RESULTS The most frequently amplified regions in tongue SCC were 4p16.3, 11q13.4, and 13q34; whereas the most frequently deleted region was 19p12. For cheek SCC, the most frequently amplified region was identified on chromosome 9p24.1-9p23; whereas the most common deleted region was located on chromosome 8p23.1. Further analysis revealed that the most significant unique pathway related to tongue and cheek SCCs was the cytoskeleton remodeling and immune response effect on the macrophage differentiation pathway. CONCLUSION This study has showed the different genetic profiles and biological pathways between tongue and cheek SCCs. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 36: 1268-1278, 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vui King Vincent-Chong
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Center, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Lee Peng Karen-Ng
- Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Center, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zainal Ariff Abdul Rahman
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Center, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yi-Hsin Yang
- Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung
| | - Arif Anwar
- Sengenics Sdn Bhd, Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Zubaidah Zakaria
- Department of Haematology, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Padmaja Jayaprasad Pradeep
- Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Center, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Thomas George Kallarakkal
- Department of Oral Pathology, Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Keng Kiong Tay
- Oral Health Division, Ministry of Health, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | | | - Siti Mazlipah Ismail
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rosnah Binti Zain
- Oral Cancer Research and Coordinating Center, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Department of Oral Pathology, Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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9
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Mäkitie AA, Monni O. Molecular profiling of laryngeal cancer. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2014; 9:1251-60. [DOI: 10.1586/era.09.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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10
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Sankunny M, Parikh RA, Lewis DW, Gooding WE, Saunders WS, Gollin SM. Targeted inhibition of ATR or CHEK1 reverses radioresistance in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells with distal chromosome arm 11q loss. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2013; 53:129-43. [PMID: 24327542 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Revised: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), a subset of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), is the eighth most common cancer in the U.S.. Amplification of chromosomal band 11q13 and its association with poor prognosis has been well established in OSCC. The first step in the breakage-fusion-bridge (BFB) cycle leading to 11q13 amplification involves breakage and loss of distal 11q. Distal 11q loss marked by copy number loss of the ATM gene is observed in 25% of all Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) tumors, including 48% of HNSCC. We showed previously that copy number loss of distal 11q is associated with decreased sensitivity (increased resistance) to ionizing radiation (IR) in OSCC cell lines. We hypothesized that this radioresistance phenotype associated with ATM copy number loss results from upregulation of the compensatory ATR-CHEK1 pathway, and that knocking down the ATR-CHEK1 pathway increases the sensitivity to IR of OSCC cells with distal 11q loss. Clonogenic survival assays confirmed the association between reduced sensitivity to IR in OSCC cell lines and distal 11q loss. Gene and protein expression studies revealed upregulation of the ATR-CHEK1 pathway and flow cytometry showed G2 M checkpoint arrest after IR treatment of cell lines with distal 11q loss. Targeted knockdown of the ATR-CHEK1 pathway using CHEK1 or ATR siRNA or a CHEK1 small molecule inhibitor (SMI, PF-00477736) resulted in increased sensitivity of the tumor cells to IR. Our results suggest that distal 11q loss is a useful biomarker in OSCC for radioresistance that can be reversed by ATR-CHEK1 pathway inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhav Sankunny
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
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11
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Pattje WJ, Melchers LJ, Slagter-Menkema L, Mastik MF, Schrijvers ML, Gibcus JH, Kluin PM, Hoegen-Chouvalova O, van der Laan BFAM, Roodenburg JLN, van der Wal JE, Schuuring E, Langendijk JA. FADD expression is associated with regional and distant metastasis in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Histopathology 2013; 63:263-70. [PMID: 23763459 DOI: 10.1111/his.12174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The Fas-associated death domain gene (FADD) is often overexpressed in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC), and is considered to be a driver gene in amplification of the chromosomal 11q13.3 region. Amplification of 11q13.3 is associated with increased metastasis in HNSCC and breast cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between FADD protein expression in advanced-stage HNSCC and clinicopathological features and outcome. METHODS AND RESULTS Tumour tissues of 177 HNSCC patients uniformly treated with primary surgery and postoperative radiotherapy were collected. FADD expression was assessed on pretreatment tumour biopsies using immunohistochemistry. High FADD expression was detected in 44% of the HNSCC patients. High expression was associated with an increased rate of lymph node metastasis (P = 0.001) and with a shorter distant metastasis-free interval (DMFI) (HR 2.6, 95% CI 1.0-6.7, P = 0.046) when lymph node metastases were present. CONCLUSIONS Our data show that an increase in FADD expression is associated with a higher incidence of lymph node metastasis at presentation, and with shorter DMFI when lymph node metastases are present. High FADD expression in the primary tumour could be a useful marker to select patients for systemic treatment strategies that reduce the risk of distant metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Pattje
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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12
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Heterogeneity of 11q13 region rearrangements in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma analyzed by microarray platforms and fluorescence in situ hybridization. Mol Biol Rep 2013; 40:4161-71. [PMID: 23652995 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-013-2496-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We reinvestigated rearrangements occurring in region q13 of chromosome 11 aiming to: (i) describe heterogeneity of the observed structural alterations, (ii) estimate amplicon size and (iii) identify of oncogenes involved in laryngeal cancer progression as potential targets for therapy. The study included 17 cell lines derived from laryngeal cancers and 34 specimens from primary laryngeal tumors. The region 11q13 was analyzed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) and gene expression microarray. Next, quantitative real time PCR was used for chosen genes to confirm results from aCGH and gene expression microarray. The observed pattern of aberrations allows to distinguish three ways, in which gain and amplification involving 11q13 region may occur: formation of a homogeneously staining region; breakpoints in/near 11q13, which lead to the three to sevenfold increase of the copy number of 11q13 region; the presence of additional copies of the whole chromosome 11. The minimal altered region of gain and/or amplification was limited to ~1.8 Mb (chr.11:69,395,184-71,209,568) and comprised mostly 11q13.3 band which contain 12 genes. Five, out of these genes (CCND1, ORAOV1, FADD, PPFIA1, CTTN) had higher expression levels in comparison to healthy controls. Apart from CCND1 gene, which has an established role in pathogenesis of head and neck cancers, CTTN, ORAOV1 and FADD genes appear to be oncogene-candidates in laryngeal cancers, while a function of PPFIA1 requires further studies.
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Yang J, Liu N, Kang AJ, Zhao SP, Huang XZ, Su BS, Chen XL, Li ZF. Significance of TMEM16A expression in colorectal carcinoma. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2012; 20:3464-3469. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v20.i35.3464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the expression of transmembrane protein 16A (TMEM16A) in colorectal carcinoma.
METHODS: The expression of TMEM16A was detected by immunohistochemistry in 67 surgical colorectal carcinoma specimens and matched tumor-adjacent colorectal specimens.
RESULTS: TMEM16A was expressed in both cytoplasm and cell membrane. Among 67 colorectal carcinoma specimens, TMEM16A expression was negative in 4 cases (5.97%), weakly positive in 11 cases (16.42%), positive in 20 cases (29.85%), and strongly positive in 32 cases (47.76%). Among 67 tumor-adjacent healthy tissue specimens, TMEM16A expression was negative in 27 cases (40.30%), weakly positive in 35 cases (52.24%), positive in 3 cases (4.48%), and strongly positive in 2 cases (2.99%). The positive ("positive" plus "strongly positive") rate of TMEM16A expression was significantly higher in colorectal carcinoma tissue than in tumor adjacent healthy tissue (77.61% vs 7.46%, P < 0.005).
CONCLUSION: Aberrant expression of TMEM16A is a frequent feature in colorectal carcinoma. TMEM16A can be used as a new candidate target for diagnosis and treatment of colorectal carcinoma.
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Marotta M, Chen X, Inoshita A, Stephens R, Budd GT, Crowe JP, Lyons J, Kondratova A, Tubbs R, Tanaka H. A common copy-number breakpoint of ERBB2 amplification in breast cancer colocalizes with a complex block of segmental duplications. Breast Cancer Res 2012. [PMID: 23181561 PMCID: PMC4053137 DOI: 10.1186/bcr3362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Segmental duplications (low-copy repeats) are the recently duplicated genomic segments in the human genome that display nearly identical (> 90%) sequences and account for about 5% of euchromatic regions. In germline, duplicated segments mediate nonallelic homologous recombination and thus cause both non-disease-causing copy-number variants and genomic disorders. To what extent duplicated segments play a role in somatic DNA rearrangements in cancer remains elusive. Duplicated segments often cluster and form genomic blocks enriched with both direct and inverted repeats (complex genomic regions). Such complex regions could be fragile and play a mechanistic role in the amplification of the ERBB2 gene in breast tumors, because repeated sequences are known to initiate gene amplification in model systems. Methods We conducted polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assays for primary breast tumors and analyzed publically available array-comparative genomic hybridization data to map a common copy-number breakpoint in ERBB2-amplified primary breast tumors. We further used molecular, bioinformatics, and population-genetics approaches to define duplication contents, structural variants, and haplotypes within the common breakpoint. Results We found a large (> 300-kb) block of duplicated segments that was colocalized with a common-copy number breakpoint for ERBB2 amplification. The breakpoint that potentially initiated ERBB2 amplification localized in a region 1.5 megabases (Mb) on the telomeric side of ERBB2. The region is very complex, with extensive duplications of KRTAP genes, structural variants, and, as a result, a paucity of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Duplicated segments are varied in size and degree of sequence homology, indicating that duplications have occurred recurrently during genome evolution. Conclusions Amplification of the ERBB2 gene in breast tumors is potentially initiated by a complex region that has unusual genomic features and thus requires rigorous, labor-intensive investigation. The haplotypes we provide could be useful to identify the potential association between the complex region and ERBB2 amplification.
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Hao JJ, Shi ZZ, Zhao ZX, Zhang Y, Gong T, Li CX, Zhan T, Cai Y, Dong JT, Fu SB, Zhan QM, Wang MR. Characterization of genetic rearrangements in esophageal squamous carcinoma cell lines by a combination of M-FISH and array-CGH: further confirmation of some split genomic regions in primary tumors. BMC Cancer 2012; 12:367. [PMID: 22920630 PMCID: PMC3561653 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-12-367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2011] [Accepted: 08/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chromosomal and genomic aberrations are common features of human cancers. However, chromosomal numerical and structural aberrations, breakpoints and disrupted genes have yet to be identified in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods Using multiplex-fluorescence in situ hybridization (M-FISH) and oligo array-based comparative hybridization (array-CGH), we identified aberrations and breakpoints in six ESCC cell lines. Furthermore, we detected recurrent breakpoints in primary tumors by dual-color FISH. Results M-FISH and array-CGH results revealed complex numerical and structural aberrations. Frequent gains occurred at 3q26.33-qter, 5p14.1-p11, 7pter-p12.3, 8q24.13-q24.21, 9q31.1-qter, 11p13-p11, 11q11-q13.4, 17q23.3-qter, 18pter-p11, 19 and 20q13.32-qter. Losses were frequent at 18q21.1-qter. Breakpoints that clustered within 1 or 2 Mb were identified, including 9p21.3, 11q13.3-q13.4, 15q25.3 and 3q28. By dual-color FISH, we observed that several recurrent breakpoint regions in cell lines were also present in ESCC tumors. In particular, breakpoints clustered at 11q13.3-q13.4 were identified in 43.3% (58/134) of ESCC tumors. Both 11q13.3-q13.4 splitting and amplification were significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis (LNM) (P = 0.004 and 0.022) and advanced stages (P = 0.004 and 0.039). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that only 11q13.3-q13.4 splitting was an independent predictor for LNM (P = 0.026). Conclusions The combination of M-FISH and array-CGH helps produce more accurate karyotypes. Our data provide significant, detailed information for appropriate uses of these ESCC cell lines for cytogenetic and molecular biological studies. The aberrations and breakpoints detected in both the cell lines and primary tumors will contribute to identify affected genes involved in the development and progression of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jie Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute (Hospital), Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
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Characterisation of amplification patterns and target genes at chromosome 11q13 in CCND1-amplified sporadic and familial breast tumours. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2011; 133:583-94. [PMID: 22002566 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-011-1817-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2011] [Accepted: 10/01/2011] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Amplification of chromosomal region 11q13, containing the cell cycle regulatory gene CCND1, is frequently found in breast cancer and other malignancies. It is associated with the favourable oestrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast tumour phenotype, but also with poor prognosis and treatment failure. 11q13 spans almost 14 Mb and contains more than 200 genes and is affected by various patterns of copy number gains, suggesting complex mechanisms and selective pressure during tumour progression. In this study, we used 32 k tiling BAC array CGH to analyse 94 CCND1-amplified breast tumours from sporadic, hereditary, and familial breast cancers to fine map chromosome 11q13. A set containing 281 CCND1-non-amplified breast tumours was used for comparisons. We used gene expression data to further validate the functional effect of gene amplification. We identified six core regions covering 11q13.1-q14.1 that were amplified in different combinations. The major core contained CCND1, whereas two cores were found proximal of CCND1 and three distal. The majority of the CCND1-amplified tumours were ER-positive and classified as luminal B. Furthermore, we found that CCND1 amplification is associated with a more aggressive phenotype within histological grade 2 tumours and luminal A subtype tumours. Amplification was equally prevalent in familial and sporadic tumours, but strikingly rare in BRCA1- and BRCA2-mutated tumours. We conclude that 11q13 includes many potential target genes in addition to CCND1.
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Sawey ET, Chanrion M, Cai C, Wu G, Zhang J, Zender L, Zhao A, Busuttil RW, Yee H, Stein L, French DM, Finn RS, Lowe SW, Powers S. Identification of a therapeutic strategy targeting amplified FGF19 in liver cancer by Oncogenomic screening. Cancer Cell 2011; 19:347-58. [PMID: 21397858 PMCID: PMC3061399 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2011.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 345] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2010] [Revised: 10/26/2010] [Accepted: 01/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We screened 124 genes that are amplified in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using a mouse hepatoblast model and identified 18 tumor-promoting genes, including CCND1 and its neighbor on 11q13.3, FGF19. Although it is widely assumed that CCND1 is the main driving oncogene of this common amplicon (15% frequency in HCC), both forward-transformation assays and RNAi-mediated inhibition in human HCC cells established that FGF19 is an equally important driver gene in HCC. Furthermore, clonal growth and tumorigenicity of HCC cells harboring the 11q13.3 amplicon were selectively inhibited by RNAi-mediated knockdown of CCND1 or FGF19, as well as by an anti-FGF19 antibody. These results show that 11q13.3 amplification could be an effective biomarker for patients most likely to respond to anti-FGF19 therapy.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11/genetics
- Cyclin D1/genetics
- Cyclin D1/metabolism
- Female
- Fibroblast Growth Factors/genetics
- Fibroblast Growth Factors/immunology
- Fibroblast Growth Factors/metabolism
- Gene Amplification
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Genomics/methods
- Humans
- Immunoblotting
- Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Oncogene Proteins/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins/metabolism
- RNA Interference
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric T. Sawey
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724, USA
| | - Maia Chanrion
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724, USA
| | - Chunlin Cai
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724, USA
| | - Guanming Wu
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Jianping Zhang
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724, USA
| | - Lars Zender
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724, USA
| | - Alice Zhao
- Department of Medicine, Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ronald W. Busuttil
- Department of Surgery, Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Herman Yee
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, Bellevue Hospital Center, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Lincoln Stein
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724, USA
- Department of Medicine, Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Dorothy M. French
- Department of Pathology, Genentech Incorporated, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Richard S. Finn
- Department of Medicine, Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Scott W. Lowe
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724, USA
- either of whom correspondence: Contact Information, Scott Powers, Ph.D., Phone: 516-422-4085, . Scott W. Lowe, Ph.D., Phone: 516-367-8406,
| | - Scott Powers
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724, USA
- either of whom correspondence: Contact Information, Scott Powers, Ph.D., Phone: 516-422-4085, . Scott W. Lowe, Ph.D., Phone: 516-367-8406,
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Sloand EM, Melenhorst JJ, Tucker ZCG, Pfannes L, Brenchley JM, Yong A, Visconte V, Wu C, Gostick E, Scheinberg P, Olnes MJ, Douek DC, Price DA, Barrett AJ, Young NS. T-cell immune responses to Wilms tumor 1 protein in myelodysplasia responsive to immunosuppressive therapy. Blood 2011; 117:2691-9. [PMID: 21097671 PMCID: PMC3062357 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2010-04-277921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2010] [Accepted: 11/04/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical observations and laboratory evidence link bone marrow failure in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) to a T cell-mediated immune process that is responsive to immunosuppressive treatment (IST) in some patients. Previously, we showed that trisomy 8 MDS patients had clonally expanded CD8(+) T-cell populations that recognized aneuploid hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC). Furthermore, microarray analyses showed that Wilms tumor 1 (WT1) gene was overexpressed by trisomy 8 hematopoietic progenitor (CD34(+)) cells compared with CD34(+) cells from healthy donors. Here, we show that WT1 mRNA expression is up-regulated in the bone marrow mononuclear cells of MDS patients with trisomy 8 relative to healthy controls and non-trisomy 8 MDS; WT1 protein levels were also significantly elevated. In addition, using a combination of physical and functional assays to detect the presence and reactivity of specific T cells, respectively, we demonstrate that IST-responsive MDS patients exhibit significant CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell responses directed against WT1. Finally, WT1-specific CD8(+) T cells were present within expanded T-cell receptor Vβ subfamilies and inhibited hematopoiesis when added to autologous patient bone marrow cells in culture. Thus, our results suggest that WT1 is one of the antigens that triggers T cell-mediated myelosuppression in MDS.
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MESH Headings
- Bone Marrow Cells/immunology
- Bone Marrow Cells/pathology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Case-Control Studies
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8/immunology
- Gene Expression Regulation
- HLA-A Antigens/chemistry
- HLA-A Antigens/immunology
- HLA-A2 Antigen
- Humans
- Immunodominant Epitopes/immunology
- Immunosuppression Therapy
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes/immunology
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes/therapy
- Protein Structure, Quaternary
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/immunology
- Trisomy/genetics
- Trisomy/immunology
- WT1 Proteins/genetics
- WT1 Proteins/immunology
- WT1 Proteins/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine M Sloand
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Yang J, McEachern D, Li W, Davis MA, Li H, Morgan MA, Bai L, Sebolt JT, Sun H, Lawrence TS, Wang S, Sun Y. Radiosensitization of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by a SMAC-mimetic compound, SM-164, requires activation of caspases. Mol Cancer Ther 2011; 10:658-69. [PMID: 21282353 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-10-0643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Chemoradiation is the treatment of choice for locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, radioresistance, which contributes to local recurrence, remains a significant therapeutic problem. In this study, we characterized SM-164, a small second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase -mimetic compound that promotes degradation of cellular inhibitor of apoptosis-1(cIAP-1; also known as baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 2, BIRC2) and releases active caspases from the X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis inhibitory binding as a radiosensitizing agent in HNSCC cells. We found that SM-164 at nanomolar concentrations induced radiosensitization in some HNSCC cell lines in a manner dependent on intrinsic sensitivity to caspase activation and apoptosis induction. Blockage of caspase activation via short interfering RNA knockdown or a pan-caspase inhibitor, z-VAD-fmk, largely abrogated SM-164 radiosensitization. On the other hand, the resistant lines with a high level of Bcl-2 that blocks caspase activation and apoptosis induction became sensitive to radiation on Bcl-2 knockdown. Mechanistic studies revealed that SM-164 radiosensitization in sensitive cells was associated with NF-κB activation and TNFα secretion, followed by activation of caspase-8 and -9, leading to enhanced apoptosis. Finally, SM-164 also radiosensitized human tumor xenograft while causing minimal toxicity. Thus, SM-164 is a potent radiosensitizer via a mechanism involving caspase activation and holds promise for future clinical development as a novel class of radiosensitizer for the treatment of a subset of head and neck cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Division of Radiation and Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
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20
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Psyrri A, Licitra L, Lacombe D, Schuuring E, Budach W, Ozsahin M, Knecht R, Vermorken JB, Langendijk JA. Strategies to promote translational research within the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Head and Neck Cancer Group: a report from the Translational Research Subcommittee. Ann Oncol 2010; 21:1952-1960. [PMID: 20305037 PMCID: PMC2946861 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdq060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2009] [Revised: 02/08/2010] [Accepted: 02/10/2010] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) is the sixth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. These tumors are commonly diagnosed at advanced stages and mortality rates remain high. Even cured patients suffer the consequences of aggressive treatment that includes surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. In the past, in clinical trials, HNSCC was considered as a single disease entity. Advances in molecular biology with the development of genomic and proteomic approaches have demonstrated distinct prognostic HNSCC patient subsets beyond those defined by traditional clinical-pathological factors such as tumor subsite and stage [Cho W (ed). An Omics Perspective on Cancer Research. New York/Berlin: Springer 2010]. Validation of these biomarkers in large prospective clinical trials is required before their clinical implementation. To promote this research, the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Head and Neck Cancer Program will develop the following strategies-(i) biobanking: prospective tissue collection from uniformly treated patients in the setting of clinical trials; (ii) a group of physicians, physician-scientists, and EORTC Headquarters staff devoted to patient-oriented head and neck cancer research; (iii) a collaboration between the basic scientists of the Translational Research Division interested in head and neck cancer research and the physicians of the Head and Neck Cancer Group; and (iv) funding through the EORTC Grant Program and the Network Core Institutions Consortium. In the present report, we summarize our strategic plans to promote head and neck cancer research within the EORTC framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Psyrri
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Propaedeutic, University of Athens Medical School, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece.
| | - L Licitra
- Department of Medical Oncology, Head and Neck Cancer Medical Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - D Lacombe
- European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Headquarters, Brussels, Belgium
| | - E Schuuring
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - W Budach
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - M Ozsahin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - R Knecht
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - J B Vermorken
- Department of Medical Oncology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - J A Langendijk
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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21
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ANO1 amplification and expression in HNSCC with a high propensity for future distant metastasis and its functions in HNSCC cell lines. Br J Cancer 2010; 103:715-26. [PMID: 20664600 PMCID: PMC2938263 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is associated with poor survival. To identify prognostic and diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets, we studied ANO1, a recently identified calcium-activated chloride channel (CaCC). Methods: High-resolution genomic and transcriptomic microarray analysis and functional studies using HNSCC cell line and CaCC inhibitors. Results: Amplification and overexpression of genes within the 11q13 amplicon are associated with the propensity for future distance metastasis of HPV-negative HNSCC. ANO1 was selected for functional studies based on high correlations, cell surface expression and CaCC activity. ANO1 overexpression in cells that express low endogenous levels stimulates cell movement, whereas downregulation in cells with high endogenous levels has the opposite effect. ANO1 overexpression also stimulates attachment, spreading, detachment and invasion, which could account for its effects on migration. CaCC inhibitors decrease movement, suggesting that channel activity is required for the effects of ANO1. In contrast, ANO1 overexpression does not affect cell proliferation. Interpretation: ANO1 amplification and expression could be markers for distant metastasis in HNSCC. ANO1 overexpression affects cell properties linked to metastasis. Inhibitors of CaCCs could be used to inhibit the tumourigenic properties of ANO1, whereas activators developed to increase CaCC activity could have adverse effects.
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22
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Storlazzi CT, Lonoce A, Guastadisegni MC, Trombetta D, D'Addabbo P, Daniele G, L'Abbate A, Macchia G, Surace C, Kok K, Ullmann R, Purgato S, Palumbo O, Carella M, Ambros PF, Rocchi M. Gene amplification as double minutes or homogeneously staining regions in solid tumors: origin and structure. Genome Res 2010; 20:1198-206. [PMID: 20631050 DOI: 10.1101/gr.106252.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Double minutes (dmin) and homogeneously staining regions (hsr) are the cytogenetic hallmarks of genomic amplification in cancer. Different mechanisms have been proposed to explain their genesis. Recently, our group showed that the MYC-containing dmin in leukemia cases arise by excision and amplification (episome model). In the present paper we investigated 10 cell lines from solid tumors showing MYCN amplification as dmin or hsr. Particularly revealing results were provided by the two subclones of the neuroblastoma cell line STA-NB-10, one showing dmin-only and the second hsr-only amplification. Both subclones showed a deletion, at 2p24.3, whose extension matched the amplicon extension. Additionally, the amplicon structure of the dmin and hsr forms was identical. This strongly argues that the episome model, already demonstrated in leukemias, applies to solid tumors as well, and that dmin and hsr are two faces of the same coin. The organization of the duplicated segments varied from very simple (no apparent changes from the normal sequence) to very complex. MYCN was always overexpressed (significantly overexpressed in three cases). The fusion junctions, always mediated by nonhomologous end joining, occasionally juxtaposed truncated genes in the same transcriptional orientation. Fusion transcripts involving NBAS (also known as NAG), FAM49A, BC035112 (also known as NCRNA00276), and SMC6 genes were indeed detected, although their role in the context of the tumor is not clear.
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23
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Genomic segmental duplications on the basis of the t(9;22) rearrangement in chronic myeloid leukemia. Oncogene 2010; 29:2509-16. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2009.524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Dancau AM, Wuth L, Waschow M, Holst F, Krohn A, Choschzick M, Terracciano L, Politis S, Kurtz S, Lebeau A, Friedrichs K, Wencke K, Monni O, Simon R. PPFIA1andCCND1are frequently coamplified in breast cancer. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2010; 49:1-8. [PMID: 19787783 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.20713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Maria Dancau
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Centre Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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25
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Brown LA, Kalloger SE, Miller MA, Shih IM, McKinney SE, Santos JL, Swenerton K, Spellman PT, Gray J, Gilks CB, Huntsman DG. Amplification of 11q13 in ovarian carcinoma. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2008; 47:481-9. [PMID: 18314909 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.20549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amplification at the 11q13 locus is commonly observed in breast, ovarian, head and neck, oral, and esophageal cancer. Studies of this region led to the identification of multiple amplicons containing several potential oncogenes including EMSY, PAK1, RSF1, and GAB2. Here, we investigate the amplification of the above four genes and their prognostic significance in histologically and clinically defined subsets of ovarian cancer. Amplification of all four genes was assessed by fluorescent in situ hybridization in tissue microarrays containing 538 clinically annotated ovarian carcinomas with 12 years of follow-up data. Overall, for the entire cohort, EMSY was amplified in 44 (16%) of 269 cases, PAK1 was amplified in 38 (15%) of 255 cases, RSF1 was amplified in 37 (12%) of 310 cases, and GAB2 was amplified in 41 (16%) of 255 cases. Amplification of EMSY, PAK1, RSF1, and GAB2 were all highly correlated with each other and with a serous histology. Univariate survival analysis showed that tumors with EMSY and RSF1 amplification were associated with a significantly worse outcome. A molecular inversion probe array was then used to study the 11q13 amplicon in 33 high grade serous carcinomas. The core of the amplicon mapped to a 6-Mb region encompassing EMSY, PAK1, RSF1, and GAB2. However, a second more telomeric amplicon was also observed for which no candidate genes have been identified. In summary, amplification of these four putative oncogenes from 11q13 in early ovarian cancer is associated with a serous histology and in the case of EMSY and RSF1 a poor outcome. These findings support the hypothesis that the11q13 amplicon in ovarian cancer is likely driven by a cassette of genes rather than by a single oncogene. This article contains Supplementary Material available at http://www.interscience.wiley.com/jpages/1045-2257/suppmat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay A Brown
- Department of Pathology, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Genetic Pathology Evaluation Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Järvinen AK, Autio R, Kilpinen S, Saarela M, Leivo I, Grénman R, Mäkitie AA, Monni O. High-resolution copy number and gene expression microarray analyses of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines of tongue and larynx. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2008; 47:500-9. [PMID: 18314910 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.20551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene amplifications and deletions are frequent in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) but the association of these alterations with gene expression is mostly unknown. Here, we characterized genome-wide copy number and gene expression changes on microarrays for 18 oral tongue SCC (OTSCC) cell lines. We identified a number of altered regions including nine high-level amplifications such as 6q12-q14 (CD109, MYO6), 9p24 (JAK2, CD274, SLC1A1, RLN1), 11p12-p13 (TRAF6, COMMD9, TRIM44, FJX1, CD44, PDHX, APIP), 11q13 (FADD, PPFIA1, CTTN), and 14q24 (ABCD4, HBLD1, LTBP2, ZNF410, COQ6, ACYP1, JDP2) where 9% to 64% of genes showed overexpression. Across the whole genome, 26% of the amplified genes had associated overexpression in OTSCC. Furthermore, our data implicated that OTSCC cell lines harbored similar genomic alterations as laryngeal SCC cell lines We have previously analyzed, suggesting that despite differences in clinicopathological features there are no marked differences in molecular genetic alterations of these two HNSCC sites. To identify genes whose expression was associated with copy number increase in head and neck SCC, a statistical analysis for oral tongue and laryngeal SCC cell line data were performed. We pinpointed 1,192 genes that had a statistically significant association between copy number and gene expression. These results suggest that genomic alterations with associated gene expression changes play an important role in the malignant behavior of head and neck SCC. The identified genes provide a basis for further functional validation and may lead to the identification of novel candidates for targeted therapies. This article contains Supplementary Material available at http://www.interscience.wiley.com/jpages/1045-2257/suppmat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Kaarina Järvinen
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biomedicum Biochip Center, Genome-Scale Biology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Hofman P, Butori C, Havet K, Hofman V, Selva E, Guevara N, Santini J, Van Obberghen-Schilling E. Prognostic significance of cortactin levels in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: comparison with epidermal growth factor receptor status. Br J Cancer 2008; 98:956-64. [PMID: 18268492 PMCID: PMC2266845 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cortactin is an actin-binding Src substrate involved in cell motility and invasion. In this study, we sought to examine the prognostic importance of cortactin protein expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). To do so, cortactin and EGF receptor (EGFR) expression was retrospectively evaluated by immunohistochemistry in a tissue microarray composed of 176 HNSCCs with a mean follow-up time of 5 years. Cortactin immunoreactivity was weak to absent in normal epithelial tissue. Overexpression of the protein in 77 out of 176 tumours (44%) was associated with more advanced tumour-node-metastasis stage and higher histologic grade. Cortactin overexpression was associated with significantly increased local recurrence rates (49 vs 28% for high and low expressing carcinomas, respectively), decreased disease-free survival (17 vs 61%), and decreased the 5-year overall survival of (21 vs 58%), independently of the EGFR status. In multivariate analysis, cortactin expression status remained an independent prognostic factor for local recurrence, disease-free survival, and overall survival. Importantly, we identified a subset of patients with cortactin-overexpressing tumours that displayed low EGFR levels and a survival rate that equalled that of patients with tumoral overexpression of both EGFR and cortactin. These findings identify cortactin as a relevant prognostic marker and may have implications for targeted therapies in patients with HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Hofman
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Tissue Biobank Unit, Pasteur Hospital, Nice, and INSERM ERI-21, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France.
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28
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Abstract
Amplification of the 11q13 region is one of the most frequent aberrations in squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck region (HNSCC). Amplification of 11q13 has been shown to correlate with the presence of lymph node metastases and decreased survival. The 11q13.3 amplicon carries numerous genes including cyclin D1 and cortactin. Recently, we reported that FADD becomes overexpressed upon amplification and that FADD protein expression predicts for lymph node positivity and disease-specific mortality. However, the gene within the 11q13.3 amplicon responsible for this correlation is yet to be identified. In this paper, we compared, using immunohistochemical analysis for cyclin D1, FADD and cortactin in a series of 106 laryngeal carcinomas which gene correlates best with lymph node metastases and increased disease-specific mortality. Univariate Cox regression analysis revealed that high expression of cyclin D1 (P=0.016), FADD (P=0.003) and cortactin (P=0.0006) predict for increased risk to disease-specific mortality. Multivariate Cox analysis revealed that only high cortactin expression correlates with disease-specific mortality independent of cyclin D1 and/or FADD. Of genes located in the 11q13 amplicon, cortactin expression is the best predictor for shorter disease-specific survival in late stage laryngeal carcinomas.
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Gibcus JH, Menkema L, Mastik MF, Hermsen MA, de Bock GH, van Velthuysen MLF, Takes RP, Kok K, Alvarez Marcos CA, van der Laan BFAM, van den Brekel MWM, Langendijk JA, Kluin PM, van der Wal JE, Schuuring E. Amplicon mapping and expression profiling identify the Fas-associated death domain gene as a new driver in the 11q13.3 amplicon in laryngeal/pharyngeal cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2008; 13:6257-66. [PMID: 17975136 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-07-1247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Amplification of the 11q13 region is a frequent event in human cancer. The highest incidence (36%) is found in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Recently, we reported that the amplicon size in 30 laryngeal and pharyngeal carcinomas with 11q13 amplification is determined by unique genomic structures, resulting in the amplification of a set of genes rather than a single gene. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN To investigate which gene(s) drive the 11q13 amplicon, we determined the smallest region of overlap with amplification and the expression levels of all genes within this amplicon. RESULTS Using array-based comparative genomic hybridization analysis, we detected a region of approximately 1.7 Mb containing 13 amplified genes in more than 25 of the 29 carcinomas. Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR revealed that overexpression of 8 potential driver genes including, cyclin D1, cortactin, and Fas-associated death domain (FADD), correlated significantly with DNA amplification. FADD protein levels correlated well with DNA amplification, implicating that FADD is also a candidate driver gene in the 11q13 amplicon. Analysis of 167 laryngeal carcinomas showed that increased expression of FADD (P = 0.007) and Ser(194) phosphorylated FADD (P = 0.011) were associated with a worse disease-specific survival. FADD was recently reported to be involved in cell cycle regulation, and cancer cells expressing high levels of the Ser(194) phosphorylated isoform of FADD proved to be more sensitive to Taxol-induced cell cycle arrest. CONCLUSION Because of the frequent amplification of the 11q13 region and concomitant overexpression of FADD in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas, we hypothesize that FADD is a marker to select patients that might benefit from Taxol-based chemoradiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan H Gibcus
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Martin CL, Reshmi SC, Ried T, Gottberg W, Wilson JW, Reddy JK, Khanna P, Johnson JT, Myers EN, Gollin SM. Chromosomal imbalances in oral squamous cell carcinoma: examination of 31 cell lines and review of the literature. Oral Oncol 2007; 44:369-82. [PMID: 17681875 PMCID: PMC2362065 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2007.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2007] [Revised: 05/01/2007] [Accepted: 05/02/2007] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Classical and molecular cytogenetic analysis, including fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and chromosomal comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), were used to examine genetic changes involved in the development and/or progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Of 31 OSCC cell lines studied, more than one-third expressed clonal structural abnormalities involving chromosomes 3, 7, 8, 9, and 11. Eleven OSCC cell lines were evaluated using CGH to identify novel genome-wide gains, losses, or amplifications. By CGH, more than half of the cell lines showed loss of 3p, gain of 3q, 8q, and 20q. Further, molecular cytogenetic analyses by FISH of primary tumors showed that the karyotypes of cell lines derived from those tumors correlated with specific gains and losses in the tumors from which they were derived. The most frequent nonrandom aberration identified by both karyotype and CGH analyses was amplification of chromosomal band 11q13 in the form of a homogeneously staining region. Our data suggest that loss of 9p and 11q13 amplification may be of prognostic benefit in the management of OSCC, which is consistent with the literature. The results of this study validate the relationship between these OSCC cell lines and the tumors from which they were derived. The results also emphasize the usefulness of these cell lines as in vitro experimental models and provide important genetic information on these OSCC cell lines that were recently reported in this journal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christa Lese Martin
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Shalini C. Reshmi
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Thomas Ried
- National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - John W. Wilson
- Department of Biostatistics and the NSABP Biostatistical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jaya K. Reddy
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Poornima Khanna
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jonas T. Johnson
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Eugene N. Myers
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Susanne M. Gollin
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- *Corresponding Author Susanne M. Gollin, Ph.D. Department of Human Genetics University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health 130 DeSoto Street Pittsburgh, PA 15261 Telephone: (412) 624-5390 Fax: (412) 624-3020
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Jackson EM, Shaikh TH, Gururangan S, Jones MC, Malkin D, Nikkel SM, Zuppan CW, Wainwright LM, Zhang F, Biegel JA. High-density single nucleotide polymorphism array analysis in patients with germline deletions of 22q11.2 and malignant rhabdoid tumor. Hum Genet 2007; 122:117-27. [PMID: 17541642 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-007-0386-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2007] [Accepted: 05/19/2007] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Malignant rhabdoid tumors are highly aggressive neoplasms found primarily in infants and young children. The majority of rhabdoid tumors arise as a result of homozygous inactivating deletions or mutations of the INI1 gene located in chromosome band 22q11.2. Germline mutations of INI1 predispose to the development of rhabdoid tumors of the brain, kidney and extra-renal tissues, consistent with its function as a tumor suppressor gene. We now describe five patients with germline deletions in chromosome band 22q11.2 that included the INI1 gene locus, leading to the development of rhabdoid tumors. Two patients had phenotypic findings that were suggestive but not diagnostic for DiGeorge/Velocardiofacial syndrome (DGS/VCFS). The other three infants had highly aggressive disease with multiple tumors at the time of presentation. The extent of the deletions was determined by fluorescence in situ hybridization and high-density oligonucleotide based single nucleotide polymorphism arrays. The deletions in the two patients with features of DGS/VCFS were distal to the region typically deleted in patients with this genetic disorder. The three infants with multiple primary tumors had smaller but overlapping deletions, primarily involving INI1. The data suggest that the mechanisms underlying the deletions in these patients may be similar to those that lead to DGS/VCFS, as they also appear to be mediated by related, low copy repeats (LCRs) in 22q11.2. These are the first reported cases in which an association has been established between recurrent, interstitial deletions mediated by LCRs in 22q11.2 and a predisposition to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric M Jackson
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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