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Kim S, Seong KM, Lee SH. Acetylcholine titre regulation by non-neuronal acetylcholinesterase 1 and its putative roles in honey bee physiology. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 37130064 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Similar to other insects, honey bees have two acetylcholinesterases (AChEs), AmAChE1 and AmAChE2. The primary catalytic enzyme for acetylcholine (ACh) hydrolysis in synapses is AmAChE2, which is predominantly expressed in neuronal tissues, whereas AmAChE1 is expressed in both neuronal and non-neuronal tissues, with limited catalytic activity. Unlike constitutively expressed AmAChE2, AmAChE1 expression is induced under stressful conditions such as heat shock and brood rearing suppression, but its role in regulating ACh titre remains unclear. In this paper, to elucidate the role of AmAChE1, the expression of AmAChE1 was suppressed via RNA interference (RNAi) in AmAChE1-induced worker bees. The ACh titre measurement following RNAi revealed that the expression of AmAChE1 downregulated the overall ACh titre in all tissues examined without altering AmAChE2 expression. Transcriptome analysis showed that AmAChE1 knockdown upregulated protein biosynthesis, cell respiration, and thermogenesis in the head. These findings suggest that AmAChE1 is involved in decreasing neuronal activity, enhancing energy conservation, and potentially extending longevity under stressful conditions via ACh titre regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghyeon Kim
- Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Keon Mook Seong
- Department of Applied Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Si Hyeock Lee
- Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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Dhar G, Paikra SK, Mishra M. Aminoglycoside treatment alters hearing-related genes and depicts behavioral defects in Drosophila. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 110:e21871. [PMID: 35150449 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The hearing organ of Drosophila is present within the second segment of antennae. The hearing organ of Drosophila (Johnston's organ [JO]) shares much structural, developmental, and functional similarity with the vertebrate hearing organ (Organ of Corti). JO is evolving as a potential model system to examine the hearing-associated defects in vertebrates. In the vertebrates, aminoglycosides like gentamicin, kanamycin, and neomycin have been known to cause defects in the hearing organ. However, a complete mechanism of toxicity is not known. Taking the evolutionary conservation into account the current study aims to test various concentrations of aminoglycoside on the model organism, Drosophila melanogaster. The current study uses the oral route to check the toxicity of various aminoglycosides at different concentrations (50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 μg ml- 1 ). In Drosophila, many foreign particles enter the body through the gut via food. The aminoglycoside treated third instar larvae show defective crawling and sound avoidance behavior. The adult flies release lower amounts of acetylcholine esterase and higher amounts of reactive oxygen species than control untreated animals, accompanied by defective climbing and aggressive behavior. All these behavioral defects are further confirmed by the altered expression level of hearing genes such as nompC, inactive, nanchung, pyrexia. All the behavioral and genetic defects are reported as a readout of aminoglycoside toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyanaseni Dhar
- Department of Life Science, Neural Developmental Biology Lab, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Sanjeev K Paikra
- Department of Life Science, Neural Developmental Biology Lab, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Monalisa Mishra
- Department of Life Science, Neural Developmental Biology Lab, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, India
- Centre for Nanomaterials, National Institute of technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, India
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Gregor KM, Becker SC, Hellhammer F, Baumgärtner W, Puff C. Immunohistochemical Characterization of the Nervous System of Culex pipiens (Diptera, Culicidae). BIOLOGY 2022; 11:57. [PMID: 35053056 PMCID: PMC8772823 DOI: 10.3390/biology11010057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Arthropod-borne diseases represent one of the greatest infection-related threats as a result of climate change and globalization. Repeatedly, arbovirus-infected mosquitoes show behavioral changes whose underlying mechanisms are still largely unknown, but might help to develop control strategies. However, in contrast to well-characterized insects such as fruit flies, little is known about neuroanatomy and neurotransmission in mosquitoes. To overcome this limitation, the study focuses on the immunohistochemical characterization of the nervous system of Culex pipiens biotype molestus in comparison to Drosophila melanogaster using 13 antibodies labeling nervous tissue, neurotransmitters or neurotransmitter-related enzymes. Antibodies directed against γ-aminobutyric acid, serotonin, tyrosine-hydroxylase and glutamine synthetase were suitable for investigations in Culex pipiens and Drosophila melanogaster, albeit species-specific spatial differences were observed. Likewise, similar staining results were achieved for neuronal glycoproteins, axons, dendrites and synaptic zones in both species. Interestingly, anti-phosphosynapsin and anti-gephyrin appear to represent novel markers for synapses and glial cells, respectively. In contrast, antibodies directed against acetylcholine, choline acetyltransferase, elav and repo failed to produce a signal in Culex pipiens comparable to that in Drosophila melanogaster. In summary, present results enable a detailed investigation of the nervous system of mosquitoes, facilitating further studies of behavioral mechanisms associated with arboviruses in the course of vector research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina M. Gregor
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bünteweg 17, Lower Saxony, 30559 Hannover, Germany; (K.M.G.); (C.P.)
| | - Stefanie C. Becker
- Institute for Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bünteweg 17, Lower Saxony, 30559 Hannover, Germany; (S.C.B.); (F.H.)
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bünteweg 17, Lower Saxony, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Fanny Hellhammer
- Institute for Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bünteweg 17, Lower Saxony, 30559 Hannover, Germany; (S.C.B.); (F.H.)
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bünteweg 17, Lower Saxony, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Baumgärtner
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bünteweg 17, Lower Saxony, 30559 Hannover, Germany; (K.M.G.); (C.P.)
| | - Christina Puff
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bünteweg 17, Lower Saxony, 30559 Hannover, Germany; (K.M.G.); (C.P.)
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Lü S, Jiang M, Tian X, Hong S, Zhang J, Zhang Y. Characterization of an A-Type Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor and Its Possible Non-neuronal Role in the Oriental Armyworm, Mythimna separata Walker (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Front Physiol 2020; 11:400. [PMID: 32425811 PMCID: PMC7203735 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) regulates many neurophysiological functions in insects. In this report, a full-length cDNA encoding an A-type mAChR was cloned from the oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata. Pharmacological properties studies revealed that nanomolar to micromolar concentrations of carbachol or muscarine induced an increase of intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+] i ), with the EC50 values of 124.6 and 388.1 nM, respectively. The increases of [Ca2+] i can be greatly blocked by the antagonist atropine, with an IC50 value of 0.09 nM. The receptor mRNA is expressed in all developmental stages, with great differential expression between male and female adults. The tissue expression analysis identified novel target tissues for this receptor, including ovaries and Malpighian tubules. The distribution of Ms A-type mAChR protein in the male brain may suggest the neurophysiological roles that are mediated by this receptor. However, the receptor protein was found to be distributed on the membranes of oocytes that are not innervated by neurons at all. These results indicate that Ms A-type mAChR selectively mediates intracellular Ca2+ mobilization. And the high level of receptor protein in the membrane of oocytes may indicate a possible non-neuronal role of A-type mAChR in the reproductive system of M. separata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumin Lü
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, National Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Ming Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, National Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
- College of Life Sciences, Yan’an University, Yan’an, China
| | - Xing Tian
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, National Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Shanwang Hong
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, National Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Junwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, National Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Yalin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, National Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
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Langeloh H, Wasser H, Richter N, Bicker G, Stern M. Neuromuscular transmitter candidates of a centipede ( Lithobius forficatus, Chilopoda). Front Zool 2018; 15:28. [PMID: 30123311 PMCID: PMC6090918 DOI: 10.1186/s12983-018-0274-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The neuromuscular junction is the chemical synapse where motor neurons communicate with skeletal muscle fibers. Whereas vertebrates and many invertebrates use acetylcholine as transmitter at the neuromuscular junction, in those arthropods examined up to now, glutamate and GABA are used instead. With respect to taxon sampling in a phylogenetic context, there is, however, only a limited amount of data available, focusing mainly on crustaceans and hexapods, and neglecting other, arthropod groups. Here we investigate the neurotransmitter equipment of neuromuscular synapses of a myriapod, Lithobius forficatus, using immunofluorescence and histochemical staining methods. Results Glutamate and GABA could be found colocalised with synapsin in synaptic boutons of body wall and leg muscles of Lithobius forficatus. Acetylcholinesterase activity as a marker for cholinergic synapses was found abundantly in the central nervous system and also in some peripheral nerves, but not at neuromuscular junctions. Furthermore, a large number of leg sensory neurons displayed GABA-immunofluorescence and was also labeled with an antiserum against the GABA-synthesizing enzyme, glutamate decarboxylase. Conclusions Our data indicate that glutamate and GABA are neurotransmitters at Lithobius forficatus neuromuscular junctions, whereas acetylcholine is very unlikely to play a role here. This is in line with the concept of glutamate as excitatory and GABA as the main inhibitory neuromuscular transmitters in euarthropods. Furthermore, we have, to our knowledge for the first time, localized GABA in euarthropod leg sensory neurons, indicating the possibility that neurotransmitter panel in arthropod sensory systems may be far more extensive than hitherto assumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Langeloh
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Division of Cell Biology, Bischofsholer Damm 15/102, D-30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Hannah Wasser
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Division of Cell Biology, Bischofsholer Damm 15/102, D-30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Nicole Richter
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Division of Cell Biology, Bischofsholer Damm 15/102, D-30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Gerd Bicker
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Division of Cell Biology, Bischofsholer Damm 15/102, D-30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Stern
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Division of Cell Biology, Bischofsholer Damm 15/102, D-30173 Hannover, Germany
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Fabian-Fine R, Anderson CM, Roush MA, Johnson JAG, Liu H, French AS, Torkkeli PH. The distribution of cholinergic neurons and their co-localization with FMRFamide, in central and peripheral neurons of the spider Cupiennius salei. Cell Tissue Res 2017; 370:71-88. [PMID: 28687927 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-017-2652-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The spider Cupiennius salei is a well-established model for investigating information processing in arthropod sensory systems. Immunohistochemistry has shown that several neurotransmitters exist in the C. salei nervous system, including GABA, glutamate, histamine, octopamine and FMRFamide, while electrophysiology has found functional roles for some of these transmitters. There is also evidence that acetylcholine (ACh) is present in some C. salei neurons but information about the distribution of cholinergic neurons in spider nervous systems is limited. Here, we identify C. salei genes that encode enzymes essential for cholinergic transmission: choline ACh transferase (ChAT) and vesicular ACh transporter (VAChT). We used in-situ hybridization with an mRNA probe for C. salei ChAT gene to locate somata of cholinergic neurons in the central nervous system and immunohistochemistry with antisera against ChAT and VAChT to locate these proteins in cholinergic neurons. All three markers labeled similar, mostly small neurons, plus a few mid-sized neurons, in most ganglia. In the subesophageal ganglia, labeled neurons are putative efferent, motor or interneurons but the largest motor and interneurons were unlabeled. Groups of anti-ChAT labeled small neurons also connect the optic neuropils in the spider protocerebrum. Differences in individual cell labeling intensities were common, suggesting a range of ACh expression levels. Double-labeling found a subpopulation of anti-VAChT-labeled central and mechanosensory neurons that were also immunoreactive to antiserum against FMRFamide-like peptides. Our findings suggest that ACh is an important neurotransmitter in the C. salei central and peripheral nervous systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Fabian-Fine
- Department of Biology, Saint Michael's College, One Winooski Park, Box 283, Colchester, VT, 05439, USA.
| | - Carly M Anderson
- Department of Biology, Saint Michael's College, One Winooski Park, Box 283, Colchester, VT, 05439, USA
| | - Molly A Roush
- Department of Biology, Saint Michael's College, One Winooski Park, Box 283, Colchester, VT, 05439, USA
| | - Jessica A G Johnson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, PO Box 15000, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Hongxia Liu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, PO Box 15000, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Andrew S French
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, PO Box 15000, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Päivi H Torkkeli
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, PO Box 15000, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada
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Matsuo R, Kobayashi S, Wakiya K, Yamagishi M, Fukuoka M, Ito E. The cholinergic system in the olfactory center of the terrestrial slugLimax. J Comp Neurol 2014; 522:2951-66. [DOI: 10.1002/cne.23559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Revised: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Matsuo
- International College of Arts and Sciences; Fukuoka Women's University; Fukuoka 813-8529 Japan
- Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Tokushima Bunri University; Kagawa 769-2193 Japan
| | - Suguru Kobayashi
- Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Tokushima Bunri University; Kagawa 769-2193 Japan
| | - Kyoko Wakiya
- Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Tokushima Bunri University; Kagawa 769-2193 Japan
| | - Miki Yamagishi
- Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Tokushima Bunri University; Kagawa 769-2193 Japan
| | - Masayuki Fukuoka
- Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Tokushima Bunri University; Kagawa 769-2193 Japan
| | - Etsuro Ito
- Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Tokushima Bunri University; Kagawa 769-2193 Japan
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Casini A, Vaccaro R, D'Este L, Sakaue Y, Bellier JP, Kimura H, Renda TG. Immunolocalization of choline acetyltransferase of common type in the central brain mass of Octopus vulgaris. Eur J Histochem 2012; 56:e34. [PMID: 23027350 PMCID: PMC3493980 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2012.e34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2012] [Revised: 04/26/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetylcholine, the first neurotransmitter to be identified in the vertebrate frog, is widely distributed among the animal kingdom. The presence of a large amount of acetylcholine in the nervous system of cephalopods is well known from several biochemical and physiological studies. However, little is known about the precise distribution of cholinergic structures due to a lack of a suitable histochemical technique for detecting acetylcholine. The most reliable method to visualize the cholinergic neurons is the immunohistochemical localization of the enzyme choline acetyltransferase, the synthetic enzyme of acetylcholine. Following our previous study on the distribution patterns of cholinergic neurons in the Octopus vulgaris visual system, using a novel antibody that recognizes choline acetyltransferase of the common type (cChAT), now we extend our investigation on the octopus central brain mass. When applied on sections of octopus central ganglia, immunoreactivity for cChAT was detected in cell bodies of all central brain mass lobes with the notable exception of the subfrontal and subvertical lobes. Positive varicosed nerves fibers where observed in the neuropil of all central brain mass lobes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Casini
- Laboratory of Immunohistochemistry Tindaro G. Renda Department of Anatomic, Histologic, Forensic and Locomotor Apparatus Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
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Lü SM, Zhao Z, Li K, Zhang YL, Xi GS. Cloning and expression analysis of a muscarinic cholinergic receptor from the brain of ant, Polyrhachis vicina. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2011; 78:46-60. [PMID: 21678488 DOI: 10.1002/arch.20438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAchRs) are the predominant cholinergic receptors in the central and peripheral nervous systems of animals. They also have been found in various insect nervous systems. In this article, a full-length cDNA of a pupative mAchR (PmAchR) was obtained from the brains of ant Polyrhachis vicina by homology cloning in combination with rapid amplification of cDNA ends. PmAchR encodes a 599-amino acid protein that exhibits a high degree of homology with other mAchRs. Real-time quantitative RT-PCR analysis showed that PmAchR is differentially expressed in the brains of workers, males, and females. By in situ hybridization, it is revealed that PmAchR is widely expressed in different soma clusters of the brain, including the mushroom bodies, the antennal lobes, as well as the optic lobes (OL), and the most intensely staining is found in Kenyon cells. Nonetheless, there are more positive nerve fibers in the OL of males' brains than in females' and workers' brains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Min Lü
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, National Ministry Education, Northwest A&F Universtiy, Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
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Identification of cholinergic synaptic transmission in the insect nervous system. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2010; 683:1-10. [PMID: 20737784 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-6445-8_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A major criteria initially used to localize cholinergic neuronal elements in nervous systems tissues that involve acetylcholine (ACh) as neurotransmitter is mainly based on immunochemical studies using choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), an enzyme which catalyzes ACh biosynthesis and the ACh degradative enzyme named acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Immunochemical studies using anti-ChAT monoclonal antibody have allowed the identification of neuronal processes and few types of cell somata that contain ChAT protein. In situ hybridization using cRNA probes to ChAT or AChE messenger RNA have brought new approaches to further identify cell bodies transcribing the ChAT or AChE genes. Combined application of all these techniques reveals a widespread expression of ChAT and AChE activities in the insect central nervous system and peripheral sensory neurons which implicates ACh as a key neurotransmitter. The discovery of the snake toxin alpha-bungatoxin has helped to identify nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). In fact, nicotine when applied to insect neurons, resulted in the generation of an inward current through the activation of nicotinic receptors which were blocked by alpha-bungarotoxin. Thus, insect nAChRs have been divided into two categories, sensitive and insensitive to this snake toxin. Up to now, the recent characterization and distribution pattern of insect nAChR subunits and the biochemical evidence that the insect central nervous system contains different classes of cholinergic receptors indicated that ACh is involved in several sensory pathways.
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D'Este L, Kimura S, Casini A, Matsuo A, Bellier JP, Kimura H, Renda TG. First visualization of cholinergic cells and fibers by immunohistochemistry for choline acetyltransferase of the common type in the optic lobe and peduncle complex ofOctopus vulgaris. J Comp Neurol 2008; 509:566-79. [DOI: 10.1002/cne.21761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Buznikov GA. Preneural transmitters as regulators of embryogenesis. Current state of problem. Russ J Dev Biol 2007. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062360407040042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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