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Niide T, Asari S, Kawabata K, Hara Y. Specificity of Nuclear Size Scaling in Frog Erythrocytes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:857862. [PMID: 35663388 PMCID: PMC9159806 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.857862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In eukaryotes, the cell has the ability to modulate the size of the nucleus depending on the surrounding environment, to enable nuclear functions such as DNA replication and transcription. From previous analyses of nuclear size scaling in various cell types and species, it has been found that eukaryotic cells have a conserved scaling rule, in which the nuclear size correlates with both cell size and genomic content. However, there are few studies that have focused on a certain cell type and systematically analyzed the size scaling properties in individual species (intra-species) and among species (inter-species), and thus, the difference in the scaling rules among cell types and species is not well understood. In the present study, we analyzed the size scaling relationship among three parameters, nuclear size, cell size, and genomic content, in our measured datasets of terminally differentiated erythrocytes of five Anura frogs and collected datasets of different species classes from published papers. In the datasets of isolated erythrocytes from individual frogs, we found a very weak correlation between the measured nuclear and cell cross-sectional areas. Within the erythrocytes of individual species, the correlation of the nuclear area with the cell area showed a very low hypoallometric relationship, in which the relative nuclear size decreased when the cell size increased. These scaling trends in intra-species erythrocytes are not comparable to the known general correlation in other cell types. When comparing parameters across species, the nuclear areas correlated with both cell areas and genomic contents among the five frogs and the collected datasets in each species class. However, the contribution of genomic content to nuclear size determination was smaller than that of the cell area in all species classes. In particular, the estimated degree of the contribution of genomic content was greater in the amphibian class than in other classes. Together with our imaging analysis of structural components in nuclear membranes, we hypothesized that the observed specific features in nuclear size scaling are achieved by the weak interaction of the chromatin with the nuclear membrane seen in frog erythrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yuki Hara
- Evolutionary Cell Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
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2
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Wang Y, Yao J, Luo Y, Tan H, Huang X, Wang S, Qin Q, Zhang C, Tao M, Dabrowski K, Liu S. Two New Types of Homodiploid Fish and Polyploid Hybrids Derived from the Distant Hybridization of Female Koi Carp and Male Bighead Carp. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 23:628-640. [PMID: 34401979 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-021-10050-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Bighead carps (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis) and silver carps (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) represent an important component of freshwater ichthiofauna in its native range, though they might become mass propagation in other systems (North America) and the reason of concern for fisheries management. Therefore, understanding their reproductive traits and particularly in the context of hybridization with other cyprinids was of value to explain their rapid propagation as well as potential benefits for aquaculture due to their unique diet, behavior, growth potential, and tolerance to deteriorating environmental conditions in freshwater ecosystems. Distant hybridization is an effective tool to create different ploidy offspring with changed phenotypes and genotypes. In this study, we reported distant hybridization of female koi carp (Cyprinus carpio haematopterus, KOC, 2n = 100) × male bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis, BIC, 2n = 48) and the spontaneous occurrence of two new "crucian" carp-like homodiploid fish (2nGCC-L; 2nCCC-L; 2n = 100), a new type of triploid hybrid (3nKB, 3n = 124), and a new type of tetraploid hybrid (4nKB, 4n = 148). The body color of 2nGCC-L and 2nCCC-L were gray and multicolor, respectively. Both phenotypes were similar to the crucian carp (Carassius auratus). The difference was that their heads were rounder than those of the crucian carp and they had higher backs. Compared with the KOC with two pairs of barbels and BIC without barbel, 2nGCC-L, 2nCCC-L, and 4nKB had no barbel, but 3nKB had one pair of barbels. Microsatellite patterns and 5S rDNA sequences confirmed that 2nGCC-L, 2nCCC-L, and 3nKB were of hybrid origin. In regard to feeding, KOC was omnivorous and BIC was a typical filter-feeder. However, the 2nGCC-L, 2nCCC-L, and 3nKB were omnivorous. The formation of four kinds of new offspring is a groundbreaking finding in fish genetic breeding and evolutionary biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yude Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Jiajun Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Yaxin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Huifang Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Xu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Shi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Qinbo Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Min Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Konrad Dabrowski
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, the Ohio State University, 2021 Coffey Road, OH, 43210, Columbus, USA.
| | - Shaojun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
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Lahnsteiner F. Differences in immune components of blood, spleen and head kidney between diploid and auto- and allotriploid Salmonidae. Tissue Cell 2020; 67:101445. [PMID: 33099197 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2020.101445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Immune components were investigated in peripheral blood and in spleen and head kidney of autotriploid Salmo trutta f. lacustris, Salvelinus fontinalis, and Salvelinus umbla, and of allotriploid hybrids of S. trutta f. lacustris x Onchorynchus mykiss and S. fontinalis x O. mykiss in comparison to their diploid parents. In peripheral blood the number of lymphocytes was reduced in all investigated autotriploids and in the allotriploid S. trutta f. lacustris x O.mykiss, and the numbers of thrombocytes in autotriploid S. trutta f. lacustris and in both allotriploids. Alternative pathway of complement activity and immunoglobulin concentration were significantly decreased in all investigated auto- and allotriploids, lysozyme activity in autotriploid S. fontinalis and in both allotriploids. In the spleen of the 3 autotriploids the number of erythrocytes was increased, while the number of lymphoid precursor cells was decreased. In their head kidney the erythrocytes numbers were decreased and the numbers of erythropoietic precursor cells and the melanomacrophage centers were increased. Contrary, cytology of spleen and head kidney of the two allotriploid hybrids was similar to diploid controls. Caspase 1, caspase 6, lysozyme, and acid phosphatase activity and immunoglobulin concentration of spleen and head kidney showed specific changes which were related to cytological results. These data indicate alterations in immune system and in lymphoid organs of auto- and allotriploid Salmonidae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz Lahnsteiner
- Federal Agency for Water Management, Institute for Water Ecology, Fisheries and Lake Research, Scharfling 18, A-5310 Mondsee, Fishfarm Kreuzstein, Oberburgau 28, 4866, Unterach, Austria
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Pollo FE, Grenat PR, Otero MA, Babini S, Salas NE, Martino AL. Evaluation in situ of genotoxic and cytotoxic response in the diploid/polyploid complex Odontophrynus (Anura: Odontophrynidae) inhabiting agroecosystems. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 216:306-312. [PMID: 30384299 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.10.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Polyploidization has been documented across a wide range of vertebrates. Gene duplication could promote better adaptation to environmental changes and to chronic injury or stress. We investigated if genotoxic and cytotoxic responses to agricultural impact are affected by ploidy. We evaluate syntopic populations of the cryptic diploid/polyploid complex Odontophrynus cordobae/O. americanus breeding in an agroecosystem from Central Argentina. The blood of 72 adult anurans was analysed. We used erythrometry to distinguish Odontophrynus individuals with different ploidy levels. We calculated micronucleus frequencies (Mn) and erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities (ENAs) as genotoxic effects and enucleated, mitotic, pyknotic and immature erythrocytes as cytotoxic endpoints (CYT). Mn, ENAs and CYT frequencies were significantly different between diploid and polyploid organisms. The higher frequencies of Mn and CYT were recorded in polyploid organisms, and the higher frequency of ENAs was recorded in diploids. These results indicate that stress response, as indicated by most genotoxic and cytotoxic endpoints, was higher in polyploids respect to diploids. Polyploidy could provide greater genetic flexibility increasing buffering against exogenous DNA-damaging agents and thus confer an advantage over diploids under certain environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Favio E Pollo
- Ecología-Educación Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, National University of Río Cuarto, ruta 36km 601, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Pablo R Grenat
- Ecología-Educación Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, National University of Río Cuarto, ruta 36km 601, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina.
| | - Manuel A Otero
- Ecología-Educación Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, National University of Río Cuarto, ruta 36km 601, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Selene Babini
- Ecología-Educación Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, National University of Río Cuarto, ruta 36km 601, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina
| | - Nancy E Salas
- Ecología-Educación Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, National University of Río Cuarto, ruta 36km 601, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Adolfo L Martino
- Ecología-Educación Ambiental, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, National University of Río Cuarto, ruta 36km 601, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
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Mao Z, Fu Y, Wang Y, Wang S, Zhang M, Gao X, Luo K, Qin Q, Zhang C, Tao M, Yao Z, Liu S. Evidence for paternal DNA transmission to gynogenetic grass carp. BMC Genet 2019; 20:3. [PMID: 30616510 PMCID: PMC6323743 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-018-0712-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus, GC), as the highest-output fish in China, is economically important. The production of gynogenetic grass carp (GGC) will provide important germplasm resource for producing improved GC. At present, knowledge regarding the heterologous sperm DNA in gynogenetic offspring is little. Thus, revealing paternal DNA in GGC at the molecular level would be highly significant for fish genetic breeding. Result In this study, ultraviolet-treated sperm of koi carp (Cyprinus carpio haematopterus, KOC, 2n = 100), was used to activate the eggs of GC (2n = 48). Afterwards, cold shock (0–4 °C) was administered for 12 min to double the chromosomes, resulting in GGC. No significant difference (p > 0.05) was found between GGC and GC in appearance, erythrocytes size and chromosome numbers. However, at the molecular level, a specific microsatellite DNA fragment (MFW1-gynogenetic grass carp, MFW1-G) derived from the paternal parent KOC was found to be transmitted into GGC. Conclusions For the first time, this study provided an evidence at the molecular level that the DNA fragment derived from the paternal parent occurred in GGC. This finding is of great significance for fish genetic breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuangwen Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yeqing Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yude Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Minghe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaikun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinbo Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanzhou Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaojun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, People's Republic of China. .,College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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Lahnsteiner F, Kletzl M. Pressure shock triploidization of Salmo trutta f. lacustris and Salvelinus umbla eggs and its impact on fish development. Theriogenology 2018; 115:65-76. [PMID: 29729498 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The study tested the efficiency of hydrostatic pressure triploidization methods for Salmo trutta f. lacustris and Salvelinus umbla and investigated the effects on survival rate, skeletal malformation, and on morphometrics and cellular composition of gills, spleen, liver, kidney, intestine, and blood. In Salmo trutta f. lacustris a 100% triploidy rate in combination with high larvae survival rate (80% in comparison to control) was obtained when treating eggs with a pressure of 66 × 103 kPa 360 °C temperature minutes (CTM) post fertilization for 5 min, in Salvelinus umbla with a similar pressure after 270 CTM. Juvenile triploid Salmo trutta f. lacustris and Salvelinus umbla (145 days post hatch) had neither an increased rate of mortality, nor an increased rate of malformations. In triploid Salmo trutta f. lacustris and Salvelinus umbla the erythrocyte volume was 50% higher and the erythrocyte concentration in peripheral blood 25-35% lower relative to diploids. In triploids also the erythrocytes surface area: volume ratio was reduced. Gills of triploid Salmo trutta f. lacustris and Salvelinus umbla had increased width of primary lamellae and increased length of secondary lamellae which might compensate for unfavorable erythrocytes surface area: volume ratio. Length of the digestive tract and histology of kidney, liver, spleen, and gills were only investigated in Salmo trutta f. lacustris. In triploids the hematopoietic tissue of the kidney was decreased by 12%, the spleen index by 53%, and the erythroblast concentrations of the spleen by 42% relative to diploids, possibly indicating reduced erythropoiesis. Length of the digestive tract and cellular arrangement of intestine, liver, and gills were not affected. In summary, the used triploidization procedure seems a reliable method not counteracting the principles of animal welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz Lahnsteiner
- Federal Agency for Water Management, Institute for Water Ecology, Fisheries and Lake Research, Scharfling 18, A-5310 Mondsee, Austria; Federal Agency for Water Management, Fishfarm Kreuzstein, Oberburgau 28, 4866 Unterach, Austria.
| | - Manfred Kletzl
- Federal Agency for Water Management, Fishfarm Kreuzstein, Oberburgau 28, 4866 Unterach, Austria
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Effects of hydrostatic pressure on microtubule organization and nucleus changes in gynogenetically activated eggs of olive flounder ( Paralichthys olivaceus ). Theriogenology 2016; 85:1610-1624. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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8
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A novel field technique to assess ploidy in introduced Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella, Cyprinidae). Biol Invasions 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-015-0856-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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9
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Research advances in animal distant hybridization. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2014; 57:889-902. [DOI: 10.1007/s11427-014-4707-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Hermaniuk A, Pruvost NBM, Kierzkowski P, Ogielska M. Genetic and Cytogenetic Characteristics of Pentaploidy in Water Frogs. HERPETOLOGICA 2013. [DOI: 10.1655/herpetologica-d-12-00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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11
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Distant hybridization leads to different ploidy fishes. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2010; 53:416-25. [DOI: 10.1007/s11427-010-0057-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2009] [Accepted: 10/30/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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