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Salahuddin M, Hiramatsu K, Kita K. Dietary carbohydrate influences the colocalization pattern of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 with neurotensin in the chicken ileum. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2022; 79:106693. [PMID: 34973620 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2021.106693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 colocalizes with neurotensin (NT) in the same enteroendocrine cells (EECs) of the chicken ileum. The present study was designed to clarify the influence of dietary carbohydrate (CHO) on the colocalization pattern of GLP-1 with NT in the chicken distal ileum. Male White Leghorn chickens at 6 weeks of age (n = 15) were divided into three groups, a control and two experimental (low-CHO and CHO-free), with five chickens in each, and fed control or experimental diets for 7 d. Distal ileum was collected from each bird as a tissue sample and subjected to double immunofluorescence staining to detect GLP-1 and NT. Three types of EEC, GLP-1+/NT+, GLP-1+/NT- and GLP-1-/NT+, were demonstrated in the chicken ileum. GLP-1+/NT+ cells in the control group had a spindle-like shape with a long cytoplasmic process, but those in the experimental groups were round and lacked a cytoplasmic process. The ratio of GLP-1+/NT+ cells was significantly decreased in the two experimental groups compared with that in the control group. The ratio of GLP-1+/NT+ cells was significantly lower than those of GLP-1+/NT- and GLP-1-/NT+ cells in the two experimental groups. Most cells that were immunoreactive for GLP-1 and NT antisera lacked signals of proglucagon (PG) and NT precursor (NTP) mRNA in the experimental groups. The number of EECs expressing PG and NTP mRNA signals showed tendencies for decreases with a reduction of dietary CHO level. These findings suggest that dietary CHO could be a significant regulator of the pattern of colocalization pattern of GLP-1 with NT in the chicken ileum.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Salahuddin
- Department of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Kami-ina, Nagano 399-4598, Japan
| | - K Hiramatsu
- Laboratory of Animal Functional Anatomy (LAFA), Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, Kami-ina, Nagano 399-4598, Japan.
| | - K Kita
- Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan
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Abstract
Neurotensin is secreted from intestinal N cells in response to the food ingestion. Influences of different dietary protein levels on neurotensin-immunoreactive cells in the chicken ileum were examined by using immunohistochemical and morphometrical techniques. The results showed that dietary protein had an obvious influence on neurotensin-immunoreactive cells in the chicken ileum. Four experimental groups were used, with dietary crude protein (CP) levels of 18% (control), 9%, 4.5% and 0%. Enteroendocrine cells showing neurotensin-immunoreactivity were located in crypts and villous epithelium in all groups. Most of the neurotensin-immunoreactive cells in the villous epithelium showed pyramidal or spindle-like shape with a long cytoplasmic process reaching the intestinal lumen, but cells with round or oval shape were found in the CP4.5% and 0% groups. Frequencies of occurrence of neurotensin-immunoreactive cells in the CP18%, 9%, 4.5% and 0% groups were 42.4±3.3, 36.6±2.2, 30.8±2.6 and 25.4±3.8 (cell count per mucosal area: cells/mm2, mean±SD), respectively. There were significant differences in neurotensin-immunoreactive cell frequency between the control and lower CP level, 4.5% and 0%, groups. A significant correlation was found between frequency of occurrence of neurotensin-immunoreactive cells and daily protein intake. These results indicate that ingested protein is likely to be a potential signal for neurotensin production and secretion of N cells in the chicken ileum.
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Hiramatsu K. Chicken Intestinal L Cells and Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Secretion. J Poult Sci 2020; 57:1-6. [PMID: 32174759 PMCID: PMC7063072 DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.0190003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Many types of endocrine cells have been identified in the gastroenteropancreatic system of vertebrates, which have subsequently been named with alphabet (s). L cells which secrete the glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 are scattered in the intestinal epithelium. This review discusses the morphological features of chicken L cells and GLP-1 secretion from intestinal L cells. L cells, identified using GLP-1 immunohistochemistry, are open-type endocrine cells that are distributed in the jejunum and ileum of chickens. GLP-1 co-localizes with GLP-2 and neurotensin in the same cells of the chicken ileum. Intestinal L cells secrete GLP-1 in response to food ingestion. Proteins and amino acids, such as lysine and methionine, in the diet trigger GLP-1 secretion from the chicken intestinal L cells. The receptor that specifically binds chicken GLP-1 is expressed in pancreatic D cells, implying that the physiological functions of chicken GLP-1 differ from its functions as an incretin in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohzy Hiramatsu
- Laboratory of Animal Functional Anatomy (LAFA), Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, Minami-minowa 8304, Kami-ina, Nagano 399-4598, Japan
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Zhang JM, Sun YS, Zhao LQ, Chen TT, Fan MN, Jiao HC, Zhao JP, Wang XJ, Li FC, Li HF, Lin H. SCFAs-Induced GLP-1 Secretion Links the Regulation of Gut Microbiome on Hepatic Lipogenesis in Chickens. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2176. [PMID: 31616396 PMCID: PMC6775471 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of gut microbiota and its metabolites on fat metabolism have been widely reported in human and animals. However, the critical mediators and the signal transductions are not well demonstrated. As ovipara, chicken represents a specific case in lipid metabolism that liver is the main site of lipid synthesis. The aim of this study is to elucidate the linkage of gut microbiota and fat synthesis in broiler chickens. The broilers were subjected to dietary treatments of combined probiotics (Animal bifidobacterium: 4 × 108 cfu/kg; Lactobacillus plantarum: 2 × 108 cfu/kg; Enterococcus faecalis: 2 × 108 cfu/kg; Clostridium butyrate: 2 × 108 cfu/kg, PB) and guar gum (1 g/kg, GG), respectively. Results showed that dietary supplementation of PB and GG changed the cecal microbiota diversity, altered short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) contents, and suppressed lipogenesis. In intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), SCFAs (acetate, propionate, and butyrate) up-regulated the expression of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) via mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, mainly via the phospho - extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK) and phospho-p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) pathways. GLP-1 suppressed lipid accumulation in primary hepatocytes with the involvement of (AMP)-activated protein kinase/Acetyl CoA carboxylase (AMPK/ACC) signaling. In conclusion, the result suggests that SCFAs-induced GLP-1 secretion via MAPK pathway, which links the regulation of gut microbiota on hepatic lipogenesis in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Mei Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.,Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Microecological Agents, Biological Research Institute, Shandong Baolai-Leelai Bioengineering Co., Ltd., Tai'an, China
| | - Yin-Shuang Sun
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Microecological Agents, Biological Research Institute, Shandong Baolai-Leelai Bioengineering Co., Ltd., Tai'an, China
| | - Li-Qin Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Tian-Tian Chen
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Microecological Agents, Biological Research Institute, Shandong Baolai-Leelai Bioengineering Co., Ltd., Tai'an, China
| | - Mei-Na Fan
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Microecological Agents, Biological Research Institute, Shandong Baolai-Leelai Bioengineering Co., Ltd., Tai'an, China
| | - Hong-Chao Jiao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Jing-Peng Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Fu-Chang Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Hai-Fang Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Hai Lin
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
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Watanabe T, Hiramatsu K, Nishimura K, Ono T. Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Expression in the Pancreatic D Cells of Three Avian Species; White Leghorn Chickens, Northern Bobwhites, and Common Ostriches. J Poult Sci 2018; 55:199-203. [PMID: 32055175 PMCID: PMC6756505 DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.0170185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 is released from the intestinal L cells in response to food ingestion and stimulates insulin secretion from the pancreatic B cells, by binding to its specific receptor (GLP-1R), which is expressed on the pancreatic B cells in the mammalian pancreas. Previously, we demonstrated that chicken GLP-1R was expressed on the pancreatic D cells by using a specific antibody against chicken GLP-1R. In the present study, we compared the localization of GLP-1R in the pancreases of three avian species; white leghorn chicken, northern bobwhite, and common ostrich, using the double immunofluorescence technique. We found that the types of pancreatic islets in the northern bobwhite pancreas were similar to those found in the chicken pancreas. The ostrich pancreas contained several types of pancreatic islets. GLP-1R-immunoreactive cells were found in all types of pancreatic islets in both northern bobwhite and ostrich and expressed somatostatin immunoreactivity. The present results indicate that the pancreatic D cells are the target cells of GLP-1, and GLP-1 might play a physiological role via somatostatin in the avian species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Watanabe
- Laboratory of Animal Functional Anatomy (LAFA), Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, Minami-minowa 8304, Kami-ina, Nagano 399-4598, Japan
| | - Kohzy Hiramatsu
- Laboratory of Animal Functional Anatomy (LAFA), Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, Minami-minowa 8304, Kami-ina, Nagano 399-4598, Japan
| | - Kei Nishimura
- Laboratory of Animal Functional Anatomy (LAFA), Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, Minami-minowa 8304, Kami-ina, Nagano 399-4598, Japan
| | - Tamao Ono
- Laboratory of Animal Developmental Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, Minami-minowa 8304, Kami-ina, Nagano 399-4598, Japan
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