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Brockmueller A, Sajeev A, Koklesova L, Samuel SM, Kubatka P, Büsselberg D, Kunnumakkara AB, Shakibaei M. Resveratrol as sensitizer in colorectal cancer plasticity. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:55-85. [PMID: 37507626 PMCID: PMC11016130 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10126-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Despite tremendous medical treatment successes, colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Chemotherapy as monotherapy can lead to significant side effects and chemoresistance that can be linked to several resistance-activating biological processes, including an increase in inflammation, cellular plasticity, multidrug resistance (MDR), inhibition of the sentinel gene p53, and apoptosis. As a consequence, tumor cells can escape the effectiveness of chemotherapeutic agents. This underscores the need for cross-target therapeutic approaches that are not only pharmacologically safe but also modulate multiple potent signaling pathways and sensitize cancer cells to overcome resistance to standard drugs. In recent years, scientists have been searching for natural compounds that can be used as chemosensitizers in addition to conventional medications for the synergistic treatment of CRC. Resveratrol, a natural polyphenolic phytoalexin found in various fruits and vegetables such as peanuts, berries, and red grapes, is one of the most effective natural chemopreventive agents. Abundant in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that resveratrol, in interaction with standard drugs, is an effective chemosensitizer for CRC cells to chemotherapeutic agents and thus prevents drug resistance by modulating multiple pathways, including transcription factors, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition-plasticity, proliferation, metastasis, angiogenesis, cell cycle, and apoptosis. The ability of resveratrol to modify multiple subcellular pathways that may suppress cancer cell plasticity and reversal of chemoresistance are critical parameters for understanding its anti-cancer effects. In this review, we focus on the chemosensitizing properties of resveratrol in CRC and, thus, its potential importance as an additive to ongoing treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aranka Brockmueller
- Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Pettenkoferstr. 11, D-80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Anjana Sajeev
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Lenka Koklesova
- Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Kollarova 2, 03601, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Samson Mathews Samuel
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar (Medbay), Education City, Qatar Foundation, 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4, 03601, Martin, Slovakia
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar (Medbay), Education City, Qatar Foundation, 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - Mehdi Shakibaei
- Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Pettenkoferstr. 11, D-80336, Munich, Germany.
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2
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Novoa Díaz MB, Carriere P, Gentili C. How the interplay among the tumor microenvironment and the gut microbiota influences the stemness of colorectal cancer cells. World J Stem Cells 2023; 15:281-301. [PMID: 37342226 PMCID: PMC10277969 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v15.i5.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains the third most prevalent cancer disease and involves a multi-step process in which intestinal cells acquire malignant characteristics. It is well established that the appearance of distal metastasis in CRC patients is the cause of a poor prognosis and treatment failure. Nevertheless, in the last decades, CRC aggressiveness and progression have been attributed to a specific cell population called CRC stem cells (CCSC) with features like tumor initiation capacity, self-renewal capacity, and acquired multidrug resistance. Emerging data highlight the concept of this cell subtype as a plastic entity that has a dynamic status and can be originated from different types of cells through genetic and epigenetic changes. These alterations are modulated by complex and dynamic crosstalk with environmental factors by paracrine signaling. It is known that in the tumor niche, different cell types, structures, and biomolecules coexist and interact with cancer cells favoring cancer growth and development. Together, these components constitute the tumor microenvironment (TME). Most recently, researchers have also deepened the influence of the complex variety of microorganisms that inhabit the intestinal mucosa, collectively known as gut microbiota, on CRC. Both TME and microorganisms participate in inflammatory processes that can drive the initiation and evolution of CRC. Since in the last decade, crucial advances have been made concerning to the synergistic interaction among the TME and gut microorganisms that condition the identity of CCSC, the data exposed in this review could provide valuable insights into the biology of CRC and the development of new targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Belén Novoa Díaz
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca 8000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)- Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca 8000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pedro Carriere
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca 8000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)- Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca 8000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claudia Gentili
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca 8000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)- Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca 8000, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Alzate-Yepes T, Pérez-Palacio L, Martínez E, Osorio M. Mechanisms of Action of Fruit and Vegetable Phytochemicals in Colorectal Cancer Prevention. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114322. [PMID: 37298797 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide and its incidence is expected to increase by almost 80% by 2030. CRC apparition is related to poor diet, mainly due to low consumption of phytochemicals present in fruits and vegetables. Hence, this paper reviews the most promising phytochemicals in the literature, presenting scientific evidence regarding potential CRC chemopreventive effects. Moreover, this paper reveals the structure and action of CRC mechanisms that these phytochemicals are involved in. The review reveals that vegetables rich in phytochemicals such as carrots and green leafy vegetables, as well as some fruits such as pineapple, citrus fruits, papaya, mango, and Cape gooseberry, that have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and chemopreventive properties can promote a healthy colonic environment. Fruits and vegetables in the daily diet promote antitumor mechanisms by regulating cell signaling and/or proliferation pathways. Hence, daily consumption of these plant products is recommended to reduce the risk of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresita Alzate-Yepes
- School of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Antioquia, Carrera 75 # 65-87, Medellín 050010, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - Lorena Pérez-Palacio
- School of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Antioquia, Carrera 75 # 65-87, Medellín 050010, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - Estefanía Martínez
- School of Engineering, Pontifical Bolivarian University, Circular 1 No. 70-01, Medellín 050031, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - Marlon Osorio
- School of Engineering, Pontifical Bolivarian University, Circular 1 No. 70-01, Medellín 050031, Antioquia, Colombia
- Systems Biology Group, School of Health Sciences, Pontifical Bolivarian University, Calle 78 B # 72 A 10, Medellín 050034, Antioquia, Colombia
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Liang Z, Fang S, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Xu Y, Qian H, Geng H. Cigarette Smoke-Induced Gastric Cancer Cell Exosomes Affected the Fate of Surrounding Normal Cells via the Circ0000670/Wnt/β-Catenin Axis. TOXICS 2023; 11:toxics11050465. [PMID: 37235279 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11050465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette smoke is a major risk factor for gastric cancer. Exosomes are an important part of intercellular and intra-organ communication systems and can carry circRNA and other components to play a regulatory role in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer. However, it is unclear whether cigarette smoke can affect exosomes and exosomal circRNA to promote the development of gastric cancer. Exosomes secreted by cancer cells promote cancer development by affecting surrounding normal cells. Herein, we aimed to clarify whether the exosomes secreted by cigarette smoke-induced gastric cancer cells can promote the development of gastric cancer by affecting the surrounding gastric mucosal epithelial cells (GES-1). In the present study, we treated gastric cancer cells with cigarette smoke extract for 4 days and demonstrated that cigarette smoke promotes the stemness and EMT of gastric cancer cells and cigarette smoke-induced exosomes promote stemness gene expression, EMT processes and the proliferation of GES-1 cells. We further found that circ0000670 was up-regulated in tissues of gastric cancer patients with smoking history, cigarette smoke-induced gastric cancer cells and their exosomes. Functional assays showed that circ0000670 knockdown inhibited the promoting effects of cigarette smoke-induced exosomes on the stemness and EMT characteristic of GES-1 cells, whereas its overexpression had the opposite effect. In addition, exosomal circ0000670 was found to promote the development of gastric cancer by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Our findings indicated that exosomal circ0000670 promotes cigarette smoke-induced gastric cancer development, which might provide a new basis for the treatment of cigarette smoke-related gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaofeng Liang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Shikun Fang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yumeng Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Hui Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Hao Geng
- Department of Urology, Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
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5
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Zhong C, Li Y, Li W, Lian S, Li Y, Wu C, Zhang K, Zhou G, Wang W, Xu H, Huang M, Katanaev V, Jia L, Lu Y. Ganoderma lucidum extract promotes tumor cell pyroptosis and inhibits metastasis in breast cancer. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 174:113654. [PMID: 36758785 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Regulation of tumor cell death is a fundamental mechanism for tumor treatment. However, most tumors are resistant to cell death. Triggering inflammatory cell death, pyroptosis, may provide a new view of enhancing tumor cell death. Here we report a new role of Ganoderma lucidum extract (GLE) in pyroptotic cell death. Treatment with GLE (50-200 μg/mL) significantly elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and caused pyroptotic cell death in breast cancer cells. Mechanistically, GLE activates caspase 3 and further cleaves the gasdermin E (GSDME) protein to form pores on the cell membrane, releasing massive amounts of inflammatory factors in breast cancer cells. We also showed that GLE enhanced antitumor immune responses by substantially increasing the subsets of natural killer (NK) and CD8+T cells in the peripheral immune system and tumor microenvironment. In addition, GLE destroys multiple steps of tumor metastasis, including adhesion, migration, invasion, colonization, and angiogenesis. Collectively, these results suggest that GLE provides a potential approach for breast cancer treatment, which may complement chemotherapy or immunotherapy for cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlian Zhong
- Fujian-Taiwan-Hongkong-Macao Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Intelligent Pharmaceutics, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China; Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Yumei Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, China
| | - Wulin Li
- Fujian-Taiwan-Hongkong-Macao Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Intelligent Pharmaceutics, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China; Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Shu Lian
- Fujian-Taiwan-Hongkong-Macao Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Intelligent Pharmaceutics, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China; Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Ye Li
- Fujian Xianzhilou Biological and Technology Co., Ltd., Fuzhou, China
| | - Changhui Wu
- Fujian Xianzhilou Biological and Technology Co., Ltd., Fuzhou, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Fujian Xianzhilou Biological and Technology Co., Ltd., Fuzhou, China
| | - Guiyu Zhou
- Fujian-Taiwan-Hongkong-Macao Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Intelligent Pharmaceutics, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China; Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Weiyu Wang
- Fujian-Taiwan-Hongkong-Macao Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Intelligent Pharmaceutics, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China; Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China; College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Huo Xu
- Fujian-Taiwan-Hongkong-Macao Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Intelligent Pharmaceutics, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China; Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China
| | - Mingqing Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China
| | - Vladimir Katanaev
- Fujian-Taiwan-Hongkong-Macao Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Intelligent Pharmaceutics, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China; Translational Research Center in Oncohaematology, Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lee Jia
- Fujian-Taiwan-Hongkong-Macao Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Intelligent Pharmaceutics, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China; Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China.
| | - Yusheng Lu
- Fujian-Taiwan-Hongkong-Macao Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Intelligent Pharmaceutics, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China; Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350108, China.
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6
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Liao W, Zhang L, Chen X, Xiang J, Zheng Q, Chen N, Zhao M, Zhang G, Xiao X, Zhou G, Zeng J, Tang J. Targeting cancer stem cells and signalling pathways through phytochemicals: A promising approach against colorectal cancer. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 108:154524. [PMID: 36375238 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are strongly associated with high tumourigenicity, chemotherapy or radiotherapy resistance, and metastasis and recurrence, particularly in colorectal cancer (CRC). Therefore, targeting CSCs may be a promising approach. Recently, discovery and research on phytochemicals that effectively target colorectal CSCs have been gaining popularity because of their broad safety profile and multi-target and multi-pathway modes of action. PURPOSE This review aimed to elucidate and summarise the effects and mechanisms of phytochemicals with potential anti-CSC agents that could contribute to the better management of CRC. METHODS We reviewed PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Ovid, ScienceDirect and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases from the original publication date to March 2022 to review the mechanisms by which phytochemicals inhibit CRC progression by targeting CSCs and their key signalling pathways. Phytochemicals were classified and summarised based on the mechanisms of action. RESULTS We observed that phytochemicals could affect the biological properties of colorectal CSCs. Phytochemicals significantly inhibit self-renewal, migration, invasion, colony formation, and chemoresistance and induce apoptosis and differentiation of CSCs by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway (e.g., diallyl trisulfide and genistein), the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway (e.g., caffeic acid and piperlongumine), the neurogenic locus notch homolog protein pathway (e.g., honokiol, quercetin, and α-mangostin), the Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway (e.g., curcumin, morin, and ursolic acid), and other key signalling pathways. It is worth noting that several phytochemicals, such as resveratrol, silibinin, evodiamine, and thymoquinone, highlight multi-target and multi-pathway effects in restraining the malignant biological behaviour of CSCs. CONCLUSIONS This review demonstrates the potential of targeted therapies for colorectal CSCs using phytochemicals. Phytochemicals could serve as novel therapeutic agents for CRC and aid in drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Liao
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Lanlan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xian Chen
- Department of Pathology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Juyi Xiang
- Center for drug evaluation, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing 100022, China
| | - Qiao Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Nianzhi Chen
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Maoyuan Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Gang Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Xiaolin Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Gang Zhou
- Center for drug evaluation, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing 100022, China.
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China; Department of Geriatrics, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China.
| | - Jianyuan Tang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China.
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Zhang Y, Liu K, Yan C, Yin Y, He S, Qiu L, Li G. Natural Polyphenols for Treatment of Colorectal Cancer. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27248810. [PMID: 36557939 PMCID: PMC9787795 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent and serious gastrointestinal malignancy with high mortality and morbidity. Chemoprevention refers to a newly emerged strategy that uses drugs with chemopreventive properties to promote antioxidation, regulate cancer cell cycle, suppress proliferation, and induce cellular apoptosis, so as to improve cancer treatment outcomes. Natural polyphenols are currently recognized as a class of chemopreventive agents that have shown remarkable anticarcinogenic properties. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have elucidated the anti-CRC mechanisms of natural polyphenols, such as regulation of various molecular and signaling pathways. Natural polyphenols are also reportedly capable of modulating the gut microbiota and cancer stem cells (CSCs) to suppress tumor formation and progression. Combined use of different natural polyphenols is recommended due to their low bioavailability and instability, and combination treatment can exert synergistical effects, reduce side effects, and avoid drug resistance in CRC treatment. In summary, the application of polyphenols in the chemoprevention and treatment of CRC is promising. Further clinical evaluation of their effectiveness is warranted and anticipated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Zhang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Kunjian Liu
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Chengqiu Yan
- Anorectal Department, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yu Yin
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Shuangyan He
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Li Qiu
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
| | - Guofeng Li
- Anorectal Department, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
- Correspondence:
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Sunitinib Reduced the Migration of Ectopic Endometrial Cells via p-VEGFR-PI3K-AKT-YBX1-Snail Signaling Pathway. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2022; 2022:6042518. [PMID: 35837295 PMCID: PMC9274230 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6042518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis (EMs) is one of the most common gynecological diseases, lacking effective treatment. EMs are currently being treated with small molecule targeted therapy, which has resulted in a significant reduction in patient suffering. Our previous studies have shown that sunitinib plays an obvious role in migration. Consequently, the purpose of this study is to explore the molecular mechanism by which sunitinib suppressed the ectopic endometrial migration. The ectopic endometrial cells from patients were divided into two groups: the control group and the sunitinib group. Co-IP and protein spectrum assay were employed to filtrate differential proteins between two groups, and then, our study discovered a signaling pathway, p-VEGFR-PI3K-AKT-YBX1-Snail, in the cell of EMs. To confirm this signaling pathway, VEGF165 was added to the sunitinib group to upregulate the expression of VEGFR. Next, the expression of p-VEGFR, PI3K, AKT, YBX1, and snail was measured in the control group and sunitinib group (compared with the control group: p-VEGFR, PI3K, AKT, YBX1, and snail,
) and the VEGFR+sunitinib group (compared with the sunitinib group: p-VEGFR, PI3K, AKT, and snail,
; YBX1,
); finally, the outcome was as expected. In addition to in vitro experiments, we also conducted in vivo experiments in mice. In the EMs mouse model, we found sunitinib reduced the number of heterotopic foci (
,
) and inhibited the expression of p-VEGFR, YBX1, and snail by immunofluorescence. To sum up, sunitinib exactly reduced the migration of ectopic endometrial cells with the involvement of the p-VEGFR-PI3K-AKT-YBX1-Snail signaling pathway in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. This study suggests that sunitinib presents a potential targeted drug for EMs therapy.
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Nasrollahpour H, Khalilzadeh B, Naseri A, Yousefi H, Erk N, Rahbarghazi R. Electrochemical biosensors for stem cell analysis; applications in diagnostics, differentiation and follow-up. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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10
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Pashirzad M, Sathyapalan T, Sheikh A, Kesharwani P, Sahebkar A. Cancer stem cells: An overview of the pathophysiological and prognostic roles in colorectal cancer. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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11
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Manoochehri H, Asadi S, Tanzadehpanah H, Sheykhhasan M, Ghorbani M. CDC25A is strongly associated with colorectal cancer stem cells and poor clinical outcome of patients. GENE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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12
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Targeting Cancer Stem Cells by Dietary Agents: An Important Therapeutic Strategy against Human Malignancies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111669. [PMID: 34769099 PMCID: PMC8584029 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As a multifactorial disease, treatment of cancer depends on understanding unique mechanisms involved in its progression. The cancer stem cells (CSCs) are responsible for tumor stemness and by enhancing colony formation, proliferation as well as metastasis, and these cells can also mediate resistance to therapy. Furthermore, the presence of CSCs leads to cancer recurrence and therefore their complete eradication can have immense therapeutic benefits. The present review focuses on targeting CSCs by natural products in cancer therapy. The growth and colony formation capacities of CSCs have been reported can be attenuated by the dietary agents. These compounds can induce apoptosis in CSCs and reduce tumor migration and invasion via EMT inhibition. A variety of molecular pathways including STAT3, Wnt/β-catenin, Sonic Hedgehog, Gli1 and NF-κB undergo down-regulation by dietary agents in suppressing CSC features. Upon exposure to natural agents, a significant decrease occurs in levels of CSC markers including CD44, CD133, ALDH1, Oct4 and Nanog to impair cancer stemness. Furthermore, CSC suppression by dietary agents can enhance sensitivity of tumors to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In addition to in vitro studies, as well as experiments on the different preclinical models have shown capacity of natural products in suppressing cancer stemness. Furthermore, use of nanostructures for improving therapeutic impact of dietary agents is recommended to rapidly translate preclinical findings for clinical use.
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Targeting cancer stem cells by nutraceuticals for cancer therapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 85:234-245. [PMID: 34273521 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that cancer stem cells (CSCs) play an essential role in tumor progression and reoccurrence and drug resistance. Multiple signaling pathways have been revealed to be critically participated in CSC development and maintenance. Emerging evidence indicates that numerous chemopreventive compounds, also known as nutraceuticals, could eliminate CSCs in part via regulating several signaling pathways. Therefore, in this review, we will describe the some natural chemopreventive agents that target CSCs in a variety of human malignancies, including soy isoflavone, curcumin, resveratrol, tea polyphenols, sulforaphane, quercetin, indole-3-carbinol, 3,3'-diindolylmethane, withaferin A, apigenin, etc. Moreover, we discuss that eliminating CSCs by nutraceuticals might be a promising strategy for treating human cancer via overcoming drug resistance and reducing tumor reoccurrence.
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14
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Erkisa M, Sariman M, Geyik OG, Geyik CG, Stanojkovic T, Ulukay E. Natural Products as a Promising Therapeutic Strategy to Target Cancer Stem Cells. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:741-783. [PMID: 34182899 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210628131409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is still a deadly disease, and its treatment desperately needs to be managed in a very sophisticated way through fast-developing novel strategies. Most of the cancer cases eventually develop into recurrencies, for which cancer stem cells (CSCs) are thought to be responsible. They are considered as a subpopulation of all cancer cells of tumor tissue with aberrant regulation of self-renewal, unbalanced proliferation, and cell death properties. Moreover, CSCs show a serious degree of resistance to chemotherapy or radiotherapy and immune surveillance as well. Therefore, new classes of drugs are rushing into the market each year, which makes the cost of therapy increase dramatically. Natural products are also becoming a new research area as a diverse chemical library to suppress CSCs. Some of the products even show promise in this regard. So, the near future could witness the introduction of natural products as a source of new chemotherapy modalities, which may result in the development of novel anticancer drugs. They could also be a reasonably-priced alternative to highly expensive current treatments. Nowadays, considering the effects of natural compounds on targeting surface markers, signaling pathways, apoptosis, and escape from immunosurveillance have been a highly intriguing area in preclinical and clinical research. In this review, we present scientific advances regarding their potential use in the inhibition of CSCs and the mechanisms by which they kill the CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Erkisa
- Molecular Cancer Research Center (ISUMKAM), Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Melda Sariman
- Molecular Cancer Research Center (ISUMKAM), Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Oyku Gonul Geyik
- Molecular Cancer Research Center (ISUMKAM), Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Caner Geyik Geyik
- Molecular Cancer Research Center (ISUMKAM), Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tatjana Stanojkovic
- Experimental Oncology Deparment, Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Pasterova 14. Serbia
| | - Engin Ulukay
- Molecular Cancer Research Center (ISUMKAM), Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
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15
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Brunel A, Bégaud G, Auger C, Durand S, Battu S, Bessette B, Verdier M. Autophagy and Extracellular Vesicles, Connected to rabGTPase Family, Support Aggressiveness in Cancer Stem Cells. Cells 2021; 10:1330. [PMID: 34072080 PMCID: PMC8227744 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Even though cancers have been widely studied and real advances in therapeutic care have been made in the last few decades, relapses are still frequently observed, often due to therapeutic resistance. Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) are, in part, responsible for this resistance. They are able to survive harsh conditions such as hypoxia or nutrient deprivation. Autophagy and Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) secretion are cellular processes that help CSC survival. Autophagy is a recycling process and EVs secretion is essential for cell-to-cell communication. Their roles in stemness maintenance have been well described. A common pathway involved in these processes is vesicular trafficking, and subsequently, regulation by Rab GTPases. In this review, we analyze the role played by Rab GTPases in stemness status, either directly or through their regulation of autophagy and EVs secretion.
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16
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Hassanpour M, Biray Avci Ç, Rahbarghazi R, Rezabakhsh A, Nourazarian A, Nabat E, Fathi F, Khaksar M. Resveratrol reduced the detrimental effects of malondialdehyde on human endothelial cells. J Cardiovasc Thorac Res 2021; 13:131-140. [PMID: 34326967 PMCID: PMC8302894 DOI: 10.34172/jcvtr.2021.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: According to the statistics, vascular injury occurs during the onset of diabetic changes after the production of several byproducts. Many authorities have focused to find an alternative therapy for diabetic patients. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of natural polyphenol like resveratrol on human endothelial cells exposed to malondialdehyde for 48 hours. Methods: Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells were randomly classified into four groups;control, malondialdehyde (2.5 mM), resveratrol (100 μM), and cells received the combined regime for 48 hours. Cell viability was determined by 3-(4, 5-dimethyl thiazol-2-yl) 2, 5-diphenyl-tetrazoliumbromide (MTT) assay. Griess reaction was performed to measure the content of Nitric oxide (NO).Apoptosis was studied by using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blotting assays. Levels of receptor tyrosine kinases like VEGFR-1, -2, Tie-1, and -2 were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). The affinity of resveratrol and malondialdehyde to serum albumin was measured by Surface Plasmon Resonance Assay. Any changes in chromatin remodeling were detected by PCR array analysis. Results: Resveratrol reduced cytotoxicity and NO content inside cells induced by malondialdehyde(MDA) (P < 0.05). Endothelial cell apoptosis was decreased by the reduction of pro-apoptotic factor Bax and increase of Bcl-2 following the incubation with resveratrol (P < 0.05). MDA-induced receptor tyrosine kinases increase was inhibited by resveratrol and reached near-to-normal levels (P < 0.05).Surface Plasmon Resonance revealed a higher affinity of resveratrol to albumin compared to the malondialdehyde-albumin complex. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array revealed the potency of resveratrol in chromatin remodeling following the treatment with malondialdehyde (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Based on our findings, resveratrol has the potential to decrease diabetic vascular injury induced by lipid byproducts such as MDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Hassanpour
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Çıgır Biray Avci
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aysa Rezabakhsh
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Nourazarian
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elahe Nabat
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Fathi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Majid Khaksar
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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17
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do Carmo MAV, Granato D, Azevedo L. Antioxidant/pro-oxidant and antiproliferative activities of phenolic-rich foods and extracts: A cell-based point of view. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2021; 98:253-280. [PMID: 34507644 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2021.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic compounds have demonstrated several in vitro beneficial properties by acting as antioxidant and pro-oxidant agents. This chapter approaches the relationship among oxidative stress, cancer, phenolic compounds and antiproliferative activity. Moreover, it discusses in vitro techniques and their biological applications, regarding cell viability and intracellular measure of reactive oxygen assays. The in vitro methods are important tools for screening and understanding the pathways involved on antiproliferative and antioxidant/pro-oxidant effects of phenolic compounds. These findings open avenues for the development of innovative food, chemical structures, technological applications and future perspectives in this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Granato
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Luciana Azevedo
- Federal University of Alfenas, Nutrition Faculty, Alfenas, MG, Brazil.
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18
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Haiaty S, Rashidi MR, Akbarzadeh M, Bazmany A, Mostafazadeh M, Nikanfar S, Zibaei Z, Rahbarghazi R, Nouri M. Thymoquinone inhibited vasculogenic capacity and promoted mesenchymal-epithelial transition of human breast cancer stem cells. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:83. [PMID: 33663486 PMCID: PMC7931333 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03246-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) is characterized by the formation of tubular structure inside the tumor stroma. It has been shown that a small fraction of cancer cells, namely cancer stem cells (CSCs), could stimulate the development of vascular units in the tumor niche, leading to enhanced metastasis to the remote sites. This study aimed to study the inhibitory effect of phytocompound, Thymoquinone (TQ), on human breast MDA-MB-231 cell line via monitoring Wnt/PI3K signaling pathway. Methods MDA-MB-231 CSCs were incubated with different concentrations of TQ for 48 h. The viability of CSCs was determined using the MTT assay. The combination of TQ and PI3K and Wnt3a inhibitors was examined in CSCs. By using the Matrigel assay, we measured the tubulogenesis capacity. The percent of CD24− CSCs and Rhodamine 123 efflux capacity was studied using flow cytometry analysis. Protein levels of Akt, p-Akt, Wnt3a, vascular endothelial-cadherin (VE-cadherin), and matrix metalloproteinases-2 and -9 (MMP-2 and -9) were detected by western blotting. Results TQ decreased the viability of CSCs in a dose-dependent manner. The combination of TQ with PI3K and Wnt3a inhibitors reduced significantly the survival rate compared to the control group (p < 0.05). TQ could blunt the stimulatory effect of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF) on CSCs (p < 0.05). The vasculogenic capacity of CSCs was reduced after being-exposed to TQ (p < 0.05). Western blotting revealed the decrease of CSCs metastasis by suppressing MMP-2 and -9. The protein level of VE-cadherin was also diminished in TQ-treated CSCs as compared to the control cell (p < 0.05), indicating inhibition of mesenchymal-endothelial transition (MendT). TQ could suppress Wnt3a and PI3K, which coincided with the reduction of the p-Akt/Akt ratio. TQ had the potential to decrease the number of CD24− CSCs and Rhodamine 123 efflux capacity after 48 h. Conclusion TQ could alter the vasculogenic capacity and mesenchymal-epithelial transition of human breast CSCs in vitro. Thus TQ together with anti-angiogenic therapies may be a novel therapeutic agent in the suppression of VM in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanya Haiaty
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Rashidi
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Akbarzadeh
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ahad Bazmany
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University Of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.,Research Center of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mostafa Mostafazadeh
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saba Nikanfar
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zohre Zibaei
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Research Center of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Imam Reza St., Golgasht St, Tabriz, Iran. .,Departmnt of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Imam Reza St., Golgasht St, Tabriz, Iran.
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19
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Zibaei Z, Babaei E, Rezaie Nezhad Zamani A, Rahbarghazi R, Azeez HJ. Curcumin-enriched Gemini surfactant nanoparticles exhibited tumoricidal effects on human 3D spheroid HT-29 cells in vitro. Cancer Nanotechnol 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s12645-020-00074-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Here, we examined the tumoricidal effect of Gemini surfactant nanoparticles enriched with curcumin on 3D spheroid HT-29 cells. The delivery of curcumin and other phytocompounds to the tumor niche is an important challenge.
Methods
Spheroid HT-29 cells were generated by using a conventional hanging drop method and exposed to different concentrations of Gemini-curcumin nanoparticles. The changes in spheroid integrity and cell viability were evaluated by measuring the spheroid diameter and LDH release, respectively. The uptake of Gemini-curcumin nanoparticles was detected by flow cytometry assay. Flow cytometric of Rhodamine 123 efflux was also performed. Migration capacity was analyzed using a Transwell insert assay. By using real-time PCR analysis and Western blotting, we studied the expression level of MMP-2, -9, Vimentin, and E-cadherin genes.
Results
Gemini-curcumin nanoparticles had the potential to disintegrate spheroids and decrease central density compared to the control group (p < 0.05). These changes coincided with enhanced LDH release by the increase of nanoparticle concentration (p < 0.05). Data highlighted the ability of cells to uptake synthetic nanoparticles in a dose-dependent manner. We found reduced Rhodamine 123 efflux in treated HT-29 spheroid cells compared to the control (p < 0.05). Nanoparticles significantly decreased the metastasis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) rate by the suppression of MMP-2 and MMP-9, Vimentin, and induction of E-cadherin (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
Our data confirmed that Gemini curcumin has the potential to suppress cell proliferation and inhibit metastasis in 3D spheroid HT-29 cells in vitro.
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20
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Bhaskara VK, Mittal B, Mysorekar VV, Amaresh N, Simal-Gandara J. Resveratrol, cancer and cancer stem cells: A review on past to future. Curr Res Food Sci 2020; 3:284-295. [PMID: 33305295 PMCID: PMC7718213 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2020.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains to be an unresolved medical challenge despite of tremendous advancement in basic science research and clinical medicine. One of the major limitations is due to the side effects of chemotherapy which remains to be palliative without offering any permanent cure for cancer. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are the subpopulation of cells in tumors that remain viable even after surgery, chemo- and radio-therapy that eventually responsible for tumor relapse. Hence, by eliminating non-stem cancer cells and cancer stem cells from the patient, permanent cure is expected. Phytochemicals have been under the intensive study to target these CSCs effectively and permanently as they do not cause any side effects. Resveratrol (RSV) is one such compound attaining lot of interest in recent days to target CSCs either alone or in combination. RSV has been used by several researchers to target cancer cells in a variety of disease models, however its CSC targeting abilities are under intensive study at present. This review is to summarize the effects of RSV under in vitro and in vivo conditions along with advantages and disadvantages of its uses against cancer cells and cancer stem cells. From the first reports on phytochemical applications against cancer and cancer stem cells in 1997 and 2002 respectively followed by later reports, up to date observations and developments are enlisted from PubMed in this comprehensive review. RSV is shown to be a potential compound having impact on altering the signal transduction pathways in cancer cells. However, the effects are variable under in vitro and in vivo conditions, and also with its use alone or in combination with other small molecules. Past research on RSV is emphasizing the importance of in vivo experimental models and clinical trials with different prospective combinations, is a hope for future promising treatment regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasanth K Bhaskara
- Department of Biochemistry-PG, Ramaiah Post Graduate Center, Ramaiah College - RCASC, Bengaluru 560054, India
| | - Bharti Mittal
- Immuniteit Lab Pvt Ltd., Electronic City, Bengaluru 560024, India
| | - Vijaya V Mysorekar
- Department of Pathology, Ramaiah Medical College & Hospitals (RMCH), Bengaluru 560054, India
| | - Nagarathna Amaresh
- Department of Biotechnology, Ramaiah Post Graduate Center, Ramaiah College - RCASC, Bengaluru 560054, India
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, E32004 Ourense, Spain
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21
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Adenina S, Louisa M, Soetikno V, Arozal W, Wanandi SI. The Effect of Alpha Mangostin on Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition on Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma HepG2 Cells Surviving Sorafenib via TGF-β/Smad Pathways. Adv Pharm Bull 2020; 10:648-655. [PMID: 33062605 PMCID: PMC7539313 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2020.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: This study was intended to find out the impact of alpha mangostin administration on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers and TGF-β/Smad pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma Hep-G2 cells surviving sorafenib. Methods: Hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells were treated with sorafenib 10 μM. Cells surviving sorafenib treatment (HepG2surv) were then treated vehicle, sorafenib, alpha mangostin, or combination of sorafenib and alpha mangostin. Afterward, cells were observed for their morphology with an inverted microscope and counted for cell viability. The concentrations of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 in a culture medium were examined using ELISA. The mRNA expressions of TGF-β1, TGF-β1-receptor, Smad3, Smad7, E-cadherin, and vimentin were evaluated using quantitative reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction. The protein level of E-cadherin was also determined using western blot analysis. Results: Treatment of alpha mangostin and sorafenib caused a significant decrease in the viability of sorafenib-surviving HepG2 cells versus control (both groups with P <0.05). Our study found that alpha mangostin treatment increased the expressions of vimentin (P <0.001 versus control). In contrast, alpha mangostin treatment tends to decrease the expressions of Smad7 and E-cadherin (both with P >0.05). In line with our findings, the expressions of TGF-β1 and Smad3 are significantly upregulated after alpha mangostin administration (both with P <0.05) versus control. Conclusion: Alpha mangostin reduced cell viability of sorafenib-surviving HepG2 cells; however, it also enhanced epithelial–mesenchymal transition markers by activating TGF-β/Smad pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syarinta Adenina
- Master Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia
| | - Melva Louisa
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia
| | - Vivian Soetikno
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia
| | - Wawaimuli Arozal
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia
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22
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Sun X, Lv X, Yan Y, Zhao Y, Ma R, He M, Wei M. Hypoxia-mediated cancer stem cell resistance and targeted therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 130:110623. [PMID: 32791395 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance is a major obstacle in the treatment of tumors, which easily lead to relapse or poor prognosis. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are regarded as one of the important targets that mediate tumor resistance. Increasing evidence shows that the tumor hypoxia microenvironment is closely related to the resistance of CSCs to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In this review, we intend to review the articles that have described how the hypoxic microenvironment affects CSC stemness and mediates tumor resistance and provide new directions and methods in the clinical treatment of tumors. Here, we also discuss the feasibility and development prospects of using hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) that regulate the hypoxic microenvironment of tumors as targeted agents to treat tumors, as well as to reduce or even reverse the resistance of tumors to chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China; Liaoning Engineering Technology Research Center for the Research, Development and Industrialization of Innovative Peptide Drugs, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Xuemei Lv
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China; Liaoning Engineering Technology Research Center for the Research, Development and Industrialization of Innovative Peptide Drugs, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China; Liaoning Engineering Technology Research Center for the Research, Development and Industrialization of Innovative Peptide Drugs, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Yanyun Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China; Liaoning Engineering Technology Research Center for the Research, Development and Industrialization of Innovative Peptide Drugs, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Rong Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China; Liaoning Engineering Technology Research Center for the Research, Development and Industrialization of Innovative Peptide Drugs, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Miao He
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China; Liaoning Engineering Technology Research Center for the Research, Development and Industrialization of Innovative Peptide Drugs, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
| | - Minjie Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China; Liaoning Engineering Technology Research Center for the Research, Development and Industrialization of Innovative Peptide Drugs, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
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23
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El-Benhawy SA, El-Sheredy HG, Ghanem HB, Abo El-Soud AA. Berberine can amplify cytotoxic effect of radiotherapy by targeting cancer stem cells. BREAST CANCER MANAGEMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.2217/bmt-2020-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Our objective was to investigate the effect of ionizing radiation (IR) and berberine on the expression of stem cell markers OCT4 and SOX2. Materials & methods: The study involved the following groups: Group I: MCF-7 spheroids as untreated control; Group II: MCF-7 spheroids treated with IR; Group III: MCF-7 spheroids treated with berberine; and Group IV: MCF-7 spheroids treated with berberine + IR. MCF-7 spheroids’ metabolic activity and viability was determined with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay. OCT4 and SOX2 genes expression were assayed by real time-plymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results: IR and berberine treatment decreased the viability of MCF-7 spheroids and reduced OCT4 and SOX2 genes expression. Combining berberine with IR leads to a significant reduction in cell viability and OCT4 and SOX2 genes expression when compared with radiation alone treated group. Conclusion: Berberine showed to be a good candidate for further studies as a new anticancer drug in the treatment of breast cancer. Berberine has a radiosensitizing effect through targeting cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaa A El-Benhawy
- Radiation Sciences Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Heba G El-Sheredy
- Cancer Management & Research Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Heba B Ghanem
- Clinical laboratory sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Amira A Abo El-Soud
- Radiation Sciences Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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24
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Sun X, Sun Y, Jiang P, Qi G, Chen X. Crosstalk between endothelial cell-specific calpain inhibition and the endothelial-mesenchymal transition via the HSP90/Akt signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 124:109822. [PMID: 31958767 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.109822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS The role of non-cardiomyocytes in cardiac remodeling and fibrosis has not been totally understood until now. This study investigated if endothelial cell (EC)-specific calpain participates in myocardial endothelial injury via the endothelial- mesenchymal transition (EndMT) and in cardiac fibroblasts during cell proliferation, thereby contributing to cardiac fibrosis eventually. METHODS in vitro cultured mouse cardiac ECs were induced with transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 (10 ng/ml) and calpain inhibitor III (20 μM) or Akt inhibitor (LY294002, 20 μM). Isolated cardiac fibroblasts were induced by TGF-β1 and an HSP90 inhibitor (17AAG, 20 μM), and EndMT were analysed. Capn4-knockout (KO) specific to ECs of mice was generated. We induced the pathological process mimicking cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in both Capn4-KO mice and their wild-type littermates. The histological analysis was used to measure cardiomyocyte size and collagen contained in the heart. The immunofluorescence analysis was performed to demonstrate that the ECs went through the EndMT, transforming mesenchymal cells into fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. RESULTS Capn4 deletion specific to ECs abrogated activity of both calpain 1 and calpain 2 in ECs, lowered the volume of cardiac collagen and cardiomyocytes size, and ameliorated myocardial dysfunction in the isoproterenol-treated cardiac fibrosis model. An ex vivo analysis of cardiomyocytes by Evans Blue staining revealed that isoproterenol increased cell death compared with the control, and Capn4-KO alleviated this result. Inhibiting calpain in cultured cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (MCECs) reversed the EndMT process, which was induced by TGF-β1. Overexpression of calpastatin decreased the pathological EndMT process, showing that the cultured MCECs have more mesenchymal markers, such as α-smooth muscle actin (SMA), and fewer endothelial markers, such as VE-cadherin. Activating calpain elevated phosphorylated Akt in mice cultured ECs, and inhibiting calpain decreased phosphorylated Akt. Upregulation of phosphorylated Akt by calpain promoted the EndMT, whereas inhibiting calpain switched on the protective mechanism during the EndMT via the heat shock protein (HSP)90/Akt signaling way in cultured ECs. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated a vital role of calpain in ECs for inducing myocardiocyte hypertrophy, cell death and the EndMT via the HSP90/Akt signaling pathway, thereby promoting cardiac fibrosis. The results indicate that inhibiting ECs calpain is a novel therapeutic target to retard cardiac fibrosis and has positive effects on heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodi Sun
- Department of Geriatric Cardiovascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yujiao Sun
- Department of Geriatric Cardiovascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Pengcheng Jiang
- Department of Geriatric Cardiovascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Guoxian Qi
- Department of Geriatric Cardiovascular Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xitao Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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Zhao YN, Cao YN, Sun J, Liang Z, Wu Q, Cui SH, Zhi DF, Guo ST, Zhen YH, Zhang SB. Anti-breast cancer activity of resveratrol encapsulated in liposomes. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:27-37. [PMID: 31746932 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb02051a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Resveratrol (RES) is a naturally occurring and effective drug for tumor prevention and treatment. However, its low levels of aqueous solubility, stability, and poor bioavailability limit its application, especially when used as a free drug. In this study, RES was loaded into peptide and sucrose liposomes (PSL) to enhance the physico-chemical properties of RES and exploit RES delivery mediated by liposomes to effectively treat breast cancer. RES loaded PSL (the complex: PSL@RES) were stable, had a good RES encapsulation efficiency, and prolonged RES-release in vitro. PSL@RES was exceptionally efficient for inhibiting the growth of cancer cells, as the IC50 of PSL@RES in MCF-7 cells was found to be only 20.89 μmol L-1. The therapeutic efficacy of PSL@RES was evaluated in mice bearing breast cancer. The results showed that PSL@RES at a dosage of 5 mg kg-1 was more effective than 10 mg kg-1 free RES, and PSL@RES inhibited tumor growth completely at a dosage of 10 mg kg-1. PSL@RES induced apoptosis in breast tumor by upregulation of p53 expression. This then downregulated Bcl-2 and upregulated Bax, thereby inducing Caspase-3 activation. More importantly, encapsulation of RES within peptide liposomes greatly reduced the toxicity of free RES to mice. Overall, the simple formulation of liposomal nanocarriers of RES developed in this study produces satisfactory outcomes to encourage further applications of liposomal carriers for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y N Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, Liaoning 116600, China.
| | - Y N Cao
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, Liaoning 116600, China.
| | - J Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, Liaoning 116600, China.
| | - Z Liang
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China.
| | - Q Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, Liaoning 116600, China.
| | - S H Cui
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, Liaoning 116600, China.
| | - D F Zhi
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, Liaoning 116600, China.
| | - S T Guo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Y H Zhen
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China.
| | - S B Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, Liaoning 116600, China.
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Yue L, Ailin W, Jinwei Z, Leng L, Jianan W, Li L, Haiming C, Ling H, Chuanjian L. PSORI-CM02 ameliorates psoriasis in vivo and in vitro by inducing autophagy via inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 64:153054. [PMID: 31401494 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.153054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease that affects an estimated 3% of the world's population. PSORI-CM02 is an empirically developed Chinese medicine formula optimised from Yin Xie Ling, summarised by national medical master Guo-Wei Xuan, that has been used for decades to treat psoriasis in the Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine. However, its anti-psoriatic mechanisms are still poorly understood. In this study, we explored the effects of PSORI-CM02 on autophagy and the underlying mechanisms in TNF-α-stimulated HaCaT cells and in a mouse model of imiquimod-induced psoriasis. METHODS Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. Apoptosis was detected by annexin V-FITC/PI double-staining and caspase-3 assays. Autophagy was detected by electron microscopy, RT-PCR and western blotting. The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway was analysed by western blotting and immunochemical analysis. RESULTS PSORI-CM02 induced autophagy and thus inhibited the proliferation of HaCaT cells via suppression of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. In mice with IMQ-induced psoriasis, PSORI-CM02 relieved psoriasis symptoms, induced autophagy and inhibited the phosphorylation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in the skin. CONCLUSION These results suggest that PSORI-CM02 treats psoriasis by inducing autophagy via inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yue
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; Dermatology Department, Guangdong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Wang Ailin
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; Dermatology Department, Guangdong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhang Jinwei
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Leng
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Jianan
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Li
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Chen Haiming
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Han Ling
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China.
| | - Lu Chuanjian
- The Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; Dermatology Department, Guangdong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China.
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Yang Y, Hao E, Pan X, Tan D, Du Z, Xie J, Hou X, Deng J, Wei K. Gomisin M2 from Baizuan suppresses breast cancer stem cell proliferation in a zebrafish xenograft model. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:8347-8361. [PMID: 31612865 PMCID: PMC6814583 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Gomisin M2 isolated from Schisandra viridis A. C. Smith has potential anti-tumor effects on certain cancers, including breast cancer. However, only a few investigations have been conducted on the effects of Gomisin M2 on breast cancer stem cells (CSCs), which have the ability to self-renew and differentiate, as a possible strategy to resolve cancer cell resistance to apoptosis and to improve treatments. It is essential to investigate the effects of Gomisin M2 on breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs). In this study, we enriched breast cancer stem cells with CD44+/CD24- from MDA-MB-231 and HCC1806 cells through magnetic-activated cell sorting and cultured these in serum-free medium. The ability of Gomisin M2 to kill breast cancer stem cells was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Gomisin M2 significantly inhibited the proliferation of the triple-negative breast cancer cell lines and mammosphere formation in breast CSCs and downregulated the Wnt/β-catenin self-renewal pathway. Moreover, Gomisin M2 induced apoptosis and blocked the mitochondrial membrane potential of BCSCs. Gomisin M2 suppressed the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 and HCC1806 xenografts in zebrafish. Together, these findings suggest that the anti-BCSC activity of Gomisin M2 could become a promising starting point for the discovery of novel BCSC-targeting drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeguo Yang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Erwei Hao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China
- Sino-Canada Joint Zebrafish Lab for Chinese Herbal Drug Screening, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Research on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China
| | - Xianglong Pan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China
- Sino-Canada Joint Zebrafish Lab for Chinese Herbal Drug Screening, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Research on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China
| | - Dechao Tan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China
- Sino-Canada Joint Zebrafish Lab for Chinese Herbal Drug Screening, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Research on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China
| | - Zhengcai Du
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China
- Sino-Canada Joint Zebrafish Lab for Chinese Herbal Drug Screening, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Research on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China
| | - Jinling Xie
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China
- Sino-Canada Joint Zebrafish Lab for Chinese Herbal Drug Screening, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Research on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China
| | - Xiaotao Hou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China
- Sino-Canada Joint Zebrafish Lab for Chinese Herbal Drug Screening, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Research on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China
| | - Jiagang Deng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Efficacy Study on Chinese Materia Medica, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China
- Sino-Canada Joint Zebrafish Lab for Chinese Herbal Drug Screening, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Research on Functional Ingredients of Agricultural Residues, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, China
| | - Kun Wei
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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