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Moncalvillo B, Matesanz S, Escudero A, Sánchez AM. Habitat fragmentation and population features differently affect fruit predation, fecundity and offspring performance in a non-specialist gypsum plant. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2021; 23:184-192. [PMID: 32939896 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The effects of habitat fragmentation on plant populations are complex, as it might disrupt many ecological processes, including plant reproduction and plant-animal interactions. Gypsum specialist plants may be resilient to fragmentation due to their evolutionary history in fragmented landscapes, but the effects on non-specialist plants occurring in gypsum are unknown. We conducted a study focusing on different aspects of the reproductive cycle of Astragalus incanus subsp. incanus, a plant facultatively linked to gypsum soils. We focused on plant fecundity and pre-dispersal predation, obtained from field observations, and offspring performance, assessed in a common garden. Beyond fragment size and connectivity, we also considered habitat quality, population size and density and plant size as predictors. Fragment size and connectivity had no effect on plant fecundity, but jointly determined fruit predation, while fragment size was positively related to offspring growth. Population density, rather than population size, had a positive effect on predation but negatively affected plant fecundity and offspring performance. Habitat quality reduced both plant fecundity and predation incidence. In this non-specialist species, habitat fragmentation, population features and habitat quality affect different facets of plant performance. Predation was the only process clearly affected by fragmentation variables, fecundity mainly depended on population features and offspring performance and was better explained by mother plant identity. Our results show the need to consider habitat and population features together with fragment size and connectivity in order to assess the effects of fragmentation. Importantly, these effects can involve different aspects of plant reproduction, including plant-animal interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Moncalvillo
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - S Matesanz
- Biodiversity and Conservation Unit, Department Biology, Geology, Physics and Inorganic Chemistry, ESCET, URJC, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Escudero
- Biodiversity and Conservation Unit, Department Biology, Geology, Physics and Inorganic Chemistry, ESCET, URJC, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - A M Sánchez
- Biodiversity and Conservation Unit, Department Biology, Geology, Physics and Inorganic Chemistry, ESCET, URJC, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
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2
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Söderquist L, Broberg A, Rosenberg V, Sletvold N. Predicting heterosis and inbreeding depression from population size and density to inform management efforts. J Appl Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linus Söderquist
- Plant Ecology and Evolution Department of Ecology and Genetics Evolutionary Biology Centre Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | - Anna Broberg
- Plant Ecology and Evolution Department of Ecology and Genetics Evolutionary Biology Centre Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | - Viktor Rosenberg
- Plant Ecology and Evolution Department of Ecology and Genetics Evolutionary Biology Centre Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | - Nina Sletvold
- Plant Ecology and Evolution Department of Ecology and Genetics Evolutionary Biology Centre Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
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3
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Patterson TA, Grundel R, Dzurisin JDK, Knutson RL, Hellmann JJ. Evidence of an extreme weather‐induced phenological mismatch and a local extirpation of the endangered Karner blue butterfly. CONSERVATION SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/csp2.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ralph Grundel
- Great Lakes Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey Chesterton Indiana
| | - Jason D. K. Dzurisin
- Center for Environmental Management of Military Lands, Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado
| | - Randy L. Knutson
- National Park Service, Indiana Dunes National Park Porter Indiana
| | - Jessica J. Hellmann
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and BehaviorUniversity of Minnesota St. Paul Minnesota
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4
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Michaels HJ, Cartwright CA, Wakeley Tomlinson EF. Relationships Among Population Size, Environmental Factors, and Reproduction in Lupinus perennis (Fabaceae). AMERICAN MIDLAND NATURALIST 2019. [DOI: 10.1674/0003-0031-182.2.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Helen J. Michaels
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403
| | - Carrie A. Cartwright
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403
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5
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Spigler RB, Theodorou K, Chang S. Inbreeding depression and drift load in small populations at demographic disequilibrium. Evolution 2016; 71:81-94. [DOI: 10.1111/evo.13103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel B. Spigler
- Department of Biology Temple University 1900 N. 12th Street Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19122
| | - Konstantinos Theodorou
- Biodiversity Conservation Laboratory, Department of Environment, University of the Aegean University Hill 81100 Mytilene Greece
| | - Shu‐Mei Chang
- Department of Plant Biology University of Georgia 2502 Miller Plant Sciences Athens Georgia 30602–7271
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Sletvold N, Mousset M, Hagenblad J, Hansson B, Agren J. Strong inbreeding depression in two Scandinavian populations of the self-incompatible perennial herb Arabidopsis lyrata. Evolution 2013; 67:2876-88. [PMID: 24094340 DOI: 10.1111/evo.12174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Inbreeding depression is a key factor influencing mating system evolution in plants, but current understanding of its relationship with selfing rate is limited by a sampling bias with few estimates for self-incompatible species. We quantified inbreeding depression (δ) over two growing seasons in two populations of the self-incompatible perennial herb Arabidopsis lyrata ssp. petraea in Scandinavia. Inbreeding depression was strong and of similar magnitude in both populations. Inbreeding depression for overall fitness across two seasons (the product of number of seeds, offspring viability, and offspring biomass) was 81% and 78% in the two populations. Chlorophyll deficiency accounted for 81% of seedling mortality in the selfing treatment, and was not observed among offspring resulting from outcrossing. The strong reduction in both early viability and late quantitative traits suggests that inbreeding depression is due to deleterious alleles of both large and small effect, and that both populations experience strong selection against the loss of self-incompatibility. A review of available estimates suggested that inbreeding depression tends to be stronger in self-incompatible than in self-compatible highly outcrossing species, implying that undersampling of self-incompatible taxa may bias estimates of the relationship between mating system and inbreeding depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Sletvold
- Plant Ecology and Evolution, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen, 18 D, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
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Dart S, Eckert CG. Experimental and genetic analyses reveal that inbreeding depression declines with increased self-fertilization among populations of a coastal dune plant. J Evol Biol 2013; 26:587-99. [PMID: 23331965 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Revised: 11/12/2012] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Theory predicts that inbreeding depression (ID) should decline via purging in self-fertilizing populations. Yet, intraspecific comparisons between selfing and outcrossing populations are few and provide only mixed support for this key evolutionary process. We estimated ID for large-flowered (LF), predominantly outcrossing vs. small-flowered (SF), predominantly selfing populations of the dune endemic Camissoniopsis cheiranthifolia by comparing selfed and crossed progeny in glasshouse environments differing in soil moisture, and by comparing allozyme-based estimates of the proportion of seeds selfed and inbreeding coefficient of mature plants. Based on lifetime measures of dry mass and flower production, ID was stronger in nine LF populations [mean δ = 1-(fitness of selfed seed/fitness of outcrossed seed) = 0.39] than 16 SF populations (mean δ = 0.03). However, predispersal ID during seed maturation was not stronger for LF populations, and ID was not more pronounced under simulated drought, a pervasive stress in sand dune habitat. Genetic estimates of δ were also higher for four LF (δ = 1.23) than five SF (δ = 0.66) populations; however, broad confidence intervals around these estimates overlapped. These results are consistent with purging, but selective interference among loci may be required to maintain strong ID in partially selfing LF populations, and trade-offs between selfed and outcrossed fitness are likely required to maintain outcrossing in SF populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dart
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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Mannouris C, Byers DL. The impact of habitat fragmentation on fitness-related traits in a native prairie plant,Chamaecrista fasciculata(Fabaceae). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2012.01983.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Constantinos Mannouris
- School of Biological Sciences; Illinois State University; Campus Box 4120; Normal; IL; 61790-4120; USA
| | - Diane L. Byers
- School of Biological Sciences; Illinois State University; Campus Box 4120; Normal; IL; 61790-4120; USA
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Impact of Seed Predation by Mice on Wild Lupine in and near Oak Savannas. AMERICAN MIDLAND NATURALIST 2012. [DOI: 10.1674/0003-0031-168.1.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Winn AA, Elle E, Kalisz S, Cheptou PO, Eckert CG, Goodwillie C, Johnston MO, Moeller DA, Ree RH, Sargent RD, Vallejo-Marín M. Analysis of inbreeding depression in mixed-mating plants provides evidence for selective interference and stable mixed mating. Evolution 2011; 65:3339-59. [PMID: 22133210 DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2011.01462.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Hermaphroditic individuals can produce both selfed and outcrossed progeny, termed mixed mating. General theory predicts that mixed-mating populations should evolve quickly toward high rates of selfing, driven by rapid purging of genetic load and loss of inbreeding depression (ID), but the substantial number of mixed-mating species observed in nature calls this prediction into question. Lower average ID reported for selfing than for outcrossing populations is consistent with purging and suggests that mixed-mating taxa in evolutionary transition will have intermediate ID. We compared the magnitude of ID from published estimates for highly selfing (r > 0.8), mixed-mating (0.2 ≤ r ≥ 0.8), and highly outcrossing (r < 0.2) plant populations across 58 species. We found that mixed-mating and outcrossing taxa have equally high average lifetime ID (δ= 0.58 and 0.54, respectively) and similar ID at each of four life-cycle stages. These results are not consistent with evolution toward selfing in most mixed-mating taxa. We suggest that prevention of purging by selective interference could explain stable mixed mating in many natural populations. We identify critical gaps in the empirical data on ID and outline key approaches to filling them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice A Winn
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4295, USA.
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Influences of vegetation status on seedling survival of a river-endemic plant Aster kantoensis in the floodplain. LANDSCAPE AND ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11355-011-0166-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Severns PM, Liston A, Wilson MV. Habitat fragmentation, genetic diversity, and inbreeding depression in a threatened grassland legume: is genetic rescue necessary? CONSERV GENET 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-011-0191-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Cáceres CE, Hartway C, Paczolt KA. Inbreeding depression varies with investment in sex in a facultative parthenogen. Evolution 2009; 63:2474-80. [PMID: 19473400 DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00707.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The reproductive mode of facultative parthenogens allows recessive mutations that accumulate during the asexual phase to be unmasked following sexual reproduction. Longer periods of asexual reproduction should increase the accumulation of deleterious mutations within individuals, reduce population-level genetic diversity via competition and increase the probability of mating among close relatives. Having documented that the investment in sexual reproduction differs among populations and clones of Daphnia pulicaria, we ask if this variation is predictive of the level of inbreeding depression across populations. In four lake populations that vary in sex investment, we raised multiple families (mother, field-produced daughter, laboratory-produced daughter) on high food and estimated the fitness reduction in both sexually produced offspring relative to the maternal genotype. Inbred individuals had lower fitness than their field-produced siblings. The magnitude of fitness reduction in inbred offspring increased as population-level investment in sex decreased. However, there was less of a fitness reduction following sex in the field-produced daughters, suggesting that many field-collected mothers were involved in outcross mating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla E Cáceres
- School of Integrative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
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