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Zhang YB, Huang XY, Corrêa Scalon M, Ke Y, Liu JX, Wang Q, Li WH, Yang D, Ellsworth DS, Zhang YJ, Zhang JL. Mistletoes have higher hydraulic safety but lower efficiency in xylem traits than their hosts. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2025; 245:607-624. [PMID: 39538365 DOI: 10.1111/nph.20257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 10/22/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024]
Abstract
Both mistletoes and their hosts are challenged by increasing drought, highlighting the necessity of understanding their comparative hydraulic properties. The high transpiration of mistletoes requires efficient water transport, while high xylem tensions demand strong embolism resistance, representing a hydraulic paradox. This study, conducted across four environments with different aridity indices in Yunnan, China, examined the xylem traits of 119 mistletoe-host species pairs. Mistletoes showed lower water use efficiency, indicating a more aggressive water use. They also showed lower hydraulic efficiency (lower vessel diameter and theoretical hydraulic conductivity) but higher safety (lower vulnerability index and higher conduit wall reinforcement, vessel grouping index, and wood density) compared with their hosts, supporting the trade-off between efficiency and safety. Environmental variation across sites significantly affected xylem trait comparisons between mistletoes and hosts. Additionally, the xylem traits of mistletoes were strongly influenced by host water supply efficiency. The overall xylem trait relationships in mistletoes and hosts were different. These findings stress the impact of host and site on the hydraulic traits of mistletoes, and suggest that mistletoes may achieve high transpiration by maintaining high stomatal conductance under low water potentials. This study illuminates the distinctive adaptation strategies of mistletoes due to their parasitic lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Bing Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, 666303, Yunnan, China
| | - Xian-Yan Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, 666303, Yunnan, China
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Marina Corrêa Scalon
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, 81531-990, Brazil
| | - Yan Ke
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, 666303, Yunnan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jing-Xin Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, 666303, Yunnan, China
| | - Qin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, 666303, Yunnan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wen-Hua Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, 666303, Yunnan, China
| | - Da Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, 666303, Yunnan, China
| | - David S Ellsworth
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Yong-Jiang Zhang
- School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, USA
- Climate Change Institute, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, USA
| | - Jiao-Lin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, 666303, Yunnan, China
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Su GF, Chen J, Zhang L. The associational effects of host plant and mistletoe functional traits on leaf herbivory in mistletoe. Oecologia 2024; 204:213-225. [PMID: 38194086 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-023-05508-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Associational effects are a phenomenon in which herbivore damage on co-occurring plant species is influenced by neighboring plants. Mistletoes are a group of shrubs that obtain nutrients from host plants through haustoria. Despite the potential for mistletoe herbivory to be affected by associational effects with their hosts, the effects of host and mistletoe functional traits on mistletoe herbivory have been largely overlooked. This study aimed to evaluate the associational effects of host plants and the direct effects of mistletoe functional traits on mistletoe herbivory. To achieve this, we measured leaf herbivory and leaf traits of three mistletoe species (Dendrophthoe pentandra, Scurrula chingii var. yunnanensis, and Helixanthera parasitica) and their associated 11 host species during both dry and wet seasons. Our results showed that leaf herbivory of D. pentandra and S. chingii var. yunnanensis differed significantly on their respective host species, but H. parasitica did not. The relationships between mistletoe and the paired host herbivory differed between seasons, with a stronger positive relationship observed during the dry season. Furthermore, significant relationships were observed between paired leaf carbon, leaf nitrogen, and condensed tannin in mistletoes and their host plants, indicating that host plants can affect mistletoes' leaf functional traits. A group of mistletoe leaf traits provided significant predictions for leaf herbivory: leaves with higher leaf thickness and leaf total nitrogen showed higher herbivory. Overall, our study reveals that mistletoe leaf herbivory is directly affected by its leaf traits and indirectly affected by host associational effects, primarily through changes in mistletoes' leaf traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Fa Su
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, 666303, Yunnan, China
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, 65000, Yunnan, China
| | - Jin Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, 666303, Yunnan, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, 666303, Yunnan, China.
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Zhang YB, Corrêa Scalon M, Liu JX, Song XY, Yang D, Zhang YJ, Ellsworth DS, Zhang JL. You are what you eat: nutrient and water relations between mistletoes and hosts. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 238:567-583. [PMID: 36651017 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Mistletoes play important roles in biogeochemical cycles. Although many studies have compared nutrient concentrations between mistletoes and their hosts, no general patterns have been found and the nutrient uptake mechanisms in mistletoes have not been fully resolved. To address the water and nutrient relations in mistletoes compared with their hosts, we measured 11 nutrient elements, two isotope ratios and two leaf morphological traits for 11 mistletoe and 104 host species from four sites across a large environmental gradient in southwest China. Mistletoes had significantly higher phosphorus, potassium, and boron concentrations, nitrogen isotope ratio, and lower carbon isotope ratio (δ13 C) indicative of lower water-use efficiency than hosts, but other elements were similar to those in hosts. Sites explained most of the variation in the multidimensional trait space. With increasing host nitrogen concentration, both mistletoe δ13 C and the difference between mistletoe and host δ13 C increased, providing evidence to support the 'nitrogen parasitism hypothesis'. Host nutrient concentrations were the best predictors for that of the mistletoe nutrient elements in most cases. Our results highlight the important roles of environmental conditions and host nutrient status in determining mistletoe nutrient pools, which together explain their trophic interactions with hosts in subtropical and tropical ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Bing Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, 666303, Yunnan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Marina Corrêa Scalon
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, 81531-990, Brazil
| | - Jing-Xin Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, 666303, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiao-Yang Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, 666303, Yunnan, China
| | - Da Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, 666303, Yunnan, China
| | - Yong-Jiang Zhang
- School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, USA
| | - David S Ellsworth
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Jiao-Lin Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, 666303, Yunnan, China
- Yuanjiang Savanna Ecosystem Research Station, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuanjiang, Yunnan, 653300, China
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Zhou X, Xin J, Huang X, Li H, Li F, Song W. Linking Leaf Functional Traits with Soil and Climate Factors in Forest Ecosystems in China. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3545. [PMID: 36559655 PMCID: PMC9781696 DOI: 10.3390/plants11243545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plant leaf functional traits can reflect the adaptive strategies of plants to environmental changes. Exploring the patterns and causes of geographic variation in leaf functional traits is pivotal for improving ecological theory at the macroscopic scale. In order to explore the geographical variation and the dominant factors of leaf functional traits in the forest ecosystems of China, we measured 15 environmental factors on 16 leaf functional traits in 33 forest reserves in China. The results showed leaf area (LA), carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C/N), carbon-to-phosphorus ratio (C/P), nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio (N/P), phosphorus mass per area (Pa) and nitrogen isotope abundance (δ15N)) were correlated with latitude significantly. LA, Pa and δ15N were also correlated with longitude significantly. The leaf functional traits in southern China were predominantly affected by climatic factors, whereas those in northern China were mainly influenced by soil factors. Mean annual temperature (MAT), mean annual precipitation (MAP) and mean annual humidity (MAH) were shown to be the important climate factors, whereas available calcium (ACa), available potassium (AK), and available magnesium (AMg) were shown to be the important climate factors that affect the leaf functional traits of the forests in China. Our study fills the gap in the study of drivers and large-scale geographical variability of leaf functional traits, and our results elucidate the operational mechanisms of forest-soil-climate systems. We provide reliable support for modeling global forest dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Zhou
- College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
| | - Jiaxun Xin
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, No. 27 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaofei Huang
- College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
- Applied Nuclear Techniques in Geosciences Key Laboratory of Sichuan, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
| | - Haowen Li
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, No. 27 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Fei Li
- College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
- Applied Nuclear Techniques in Geosciences Key Laboratory of Sichuan, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
| | - Wenchen Song
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, No. 27 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian, Beijing 100081, China
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Li X, He D, Chen G, Yang J, Yang Z, Guo XJ, Wang C, Zhu S, Huang Y, Chen H, Huang G, Zhang D, Ye C. Responses of leaf functional traits to different hydrological regimes and leaf economics spectrum in the water level fluctuation zone of Three Gorges Reservoir, China. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:939452. [PMID: 36119629 PMCID: PMC9478546 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.939452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A unique riparian ecosystem has been created as a result of anti-seasonal flooding after reservoir operations, which notably influences the distribution patterns of plant communities and their functional characteristics in the riparian zone. Plant functional traits which reflect the physiological and ecological processes of plants in particular ecosystems are crucial for indicating the variations in the ecosystem structure and function. To better understand the adaptation strategies of plants to hydrological changes and provide a scientific basis for the selection of species in the re-vegetation of the newly formed ecosystems, 14 leaf functional traits and leaf economics spectrum (LES) of 19 dominant plants under different hydrological conditions were investigated in the water level fluctuation zone (WLFZ) of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR). The results showed that anti-seasonal flooding has significant effects on the leaf functional traits of plants (P < 0.05). The net photosynthetic rate of annual plants was significantly higher than that of perennial plants (P < 0.05), and there was a significant correlation between leaf phenotypic and photosynthetic traits (P < 0.05). Canonical correspondence analysis showed that soil water content and available phosphorus were the main factors affecting the leaf function of dominant species, indicating that hydrologic factors were still important environmental factors affecting leaf functional traits of dominant species in the WLFZ. And annuals from the WLFZ have characteristics of thick leaves, high photosynthetic rate, short lifespan, and high nutrient concentrations, which make them close to the fast investment-return end of LES. On the contrary, perennials are close to the slow investment-return end of LES. The high productivity investment of annuals is better than the high defense investment of perennials for adapting to the special habitats in the WLFZ. These results indicated that different functional plants in the WLFZ of the TGR under different hydrological regimes can adopt different strategies by weighing the associations and trade-offs between their economic traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Li
- Engineering Research Center of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Center of Ecological Conservation and Management in the Three Gorges Area, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Di He
- Engineering Research Center of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Center of Ecological Conservation and Management in the Three Gorges Area, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Gong Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Center of Ecological Conservation and Management in the Three Gorges Area, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Center of Ecological Conservation and Management in the Three Gorges Area, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Zhengjian Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Center of Ecological Conservation and Management in the Three Gorges Area, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Xiao juan Guo
- Engineering Research Center of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Center of Ecological Conservation and Management in the Three Gorges Area, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Congfeng Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Center of Ecological Conservation and Management in the Three Gorges Area, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Shijiang Zhu
- Engineering Research Center of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Center of Ecological Conservation and Management in the Three Gorges Area, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Yingping Huang
- Engineering Research Center of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Center of Ecological Conservation and Management in the Three Gorges Area, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Hongfeng Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Center of Ecological Conservation and Management in the Three Gorges Area, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Guiyun Huang
- Rare Plants Research Institute of Yangtze River, Three Gorges Corporation, Yichang, China
| | - Dingjun Zhang
- Rare Plants Research Institute of Yangtze River, Three Gorges Corporation, Yichang, China
| | - Chen Ye
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
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Guerin GR, Gallagher RV, Wright IJ, Andrew SC, Falster DS, Wenk E, Munroe SE, Lowe AJ, Sparrow B. Environmental associations of abundance-weighted functional traits in Australian plant communities. Basic Appl Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2021.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Richards JH, Damschen EI. Leaf economics in a three‐dimensional environment: Testing leaf trait responses in vascular epiphytes to land use, climate and tree zone. Funct Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeannine H. Richards
- Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies University of Wisconsin‐Madison Madison WI USA
| | - Ellen I. Damschen
- Department of Integrative Biology University of Wisconsin‐Madison Madison WI USA
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Zhu J, Cao Y, He W, Xu Q, Xu C, Zhang X. Leaf functional traits differentiation in relation to covering materials of urban tree pits. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:556. [PMID: 34814837 PMCID: PMC8609817 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03316-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the ecological strategies of urban trees to the urban environment is crucial to the selection and management of urban trees. However, it is still unclear whether urban tree pit cover will affect plant functional traits. Here, we study the response of urban trees to different tree pit covers, analyzed the effects of different cover types on soil properties and their trade-off strategies based on leaf functional traits. RESULTS We found that there were obvious differences in the physical properties of the soil in different tree pit covers. Under the different tree pit cover types, soil bulk density and soil porosity reached the maximum under cement cover and turf cover, respectively. We found that tree pit cover significantly affected the leaf properties of urban trees. Leaf thickness, chlorophyll content index and stomatal density were mainly affected by soil bulk density and non-capillary porosity in a positive direction, and were affected by soil total porosity and capillary porosity in a negative direction. Leaf dry matter content and stomata area were mainly negatively affected by soil bulk density and non-capillary porosity, and positively affected by soil total porosity and capillary porosity. Covering materials of tree pits promoted the functional adjustment of plants and form the best combination of functions. CONCLUSION Under the influence of tree pit cover, plant have low specific leaf area, stomata density, high leaf thickness, chlorophyll content index, leaf dry matter content, leaf tissue density and stomata area, which belong to "quick investment-return" type in the leaf economics spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyou Zhu
- Research Center for Urban Forestry, The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Forest Ecosystem of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yujuan Cao
- Research Center for Urban Forestry, The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Forest Ecosystem of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Weijun He
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520, Guangdong, China
| | - Qing Xu
- Research Center for Urban Forestry, The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Forest Ecosystem of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chengyang Xu
- Research Center for Urban Forestry, The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Forest Ecosystem of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Xinna Zhang
- Research Center for Urban Forestry, The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Forest Ecosystem of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
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Zhu J, Xu J, Cao Y, Fu J, Li B, Sun G, Zhang X, Xu C. Leaf reflectance and functional traits as environmental indicators of urban dust deposition. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:533. [PMID: 34773986 PMCID: PMC8590267 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03308-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND How to quickly predict and evaluate urban dust deposition is the key to the control of urban atmospheric environment. Here, we focus on changes of plant reflectance and plant functional traits due to dust deposition, and develop a prediction model of dust deposition based on these traits. RESULTS The results showed that (1) The average dust deposition per unit area of Ligustrum quihoui leaves was significantly different among urban environments (street (18.1001 g/m2), community (14.5597 g/m2) and park (9.7661 g/m2)). Among different urban environments, leaf reflectance curves tends to be consistent, but there were significant differences in leaf reflectance values (park (0.052-0.585) > community (0.028-0.477) > street (0.025-0.203)). (2) There were five major reflection peaks and five major absorption valleys. (3) The spectral reflectances before and after dust removal were significantly different (clean leaves > dust-stagnant leaves). 695 ~ 1400 nm was the sensitive range of spectral response. (4) Dust deposition has significant influence on slope and position of red edge. Red edge slope was park > community > street. After dust deposition, the red edge position has obviously "blue shift". The moving distance of the red edge position increases with the increase of dust deposition. The forecast model of dust deposition amount established by simple ratio index (y = 2.517x + 0.381, R2 = 0.787, RMSE (root-mean-square error) = 0.187. In the model, y refers to dust retention, x refers to simple ratio index.) has an average accuracy of 99.98%. (5) With the increase of dust deposition, the specific leaf area and chlorophyll content index decreased gradually. The leaf dry matter content, leaf tissue density and leaf thickness increased gradually. CONCLUSION In the dust-polluted environment, L. quihoui generally presents a combination of characters with lower specific leaf area, chlorophyll content index, and higher leaf dry matter content, leaf tissue density and leaf thickness. Leaf reflectance spectroscopy and functional traits have been proved to be effective in evaluating the changes of urban dust deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyou Zhu
- Research Center for Urban Forestry, The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Forest Ecosystem of State Forestry and Grassland Administration , Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jingliang Xu
- Research Center for Urban Forestry, The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Forest Ecosystem of State Forestry and Grassland Administration , Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yujuan Cao
- Research Center for Urban Forestry, The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Forest Ecosystem of State Forestry and Grassland Administration , Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jing Fu
- Research Center for Urban Forestry, The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Forest Ecosystem of State Forestry and Grassland Administration , Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Benling Li
- Production and Operation Management Department, China Communications Construction Company, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Guangpeng Sun
- Research Center for Urban Forestry, The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Forest Ecosystem of State Forestry and Grassland Administration , Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xinna Zhang
- Research Center for Urban Forestry, The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Forest Ecosystem of State Forestry and Grassland Administration , Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chengyang Xu
- Research Center for Urban Forestry, The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Forest Ecosystem of State Forestry and Grassland Administration , Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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Zhu J, Xu C. Intraspecific differences in plant functional traits are related to urban atmospheric particulate matter. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:430. [PMID: 34551719 PMCID: PMC8456647 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03207-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional trait-based ecological research has been instrumental in advancing our understanding of environmental changes. It is still, however, unclear how the functional traits of urban plants respond to atmospheric particulate matter, and which trade-off strategies are shown. In order to explore the variation of plant functional traits with the gradient of urban atmospheric particulate matter, we divided atmospheric particulate matter into three levels according to road distance, and measured the variation of six essential leaf functional traits and their trade-off strategies. RESULTS Here, we show that the functional traits of plants can be used as predictors of plant response to urban atmospheric particulate matter. Within the study, leaf thickness, leaf dry matter content, leaf tissue density, stomatal density were positively correlated with atmospheric particulate matter. On the contrary, chlorophyll content index and specific leaf area were negatively correlated with atmospheric particulate matter. Plants can improve the efficiency of gas exchange by optimizing the spatial distribution of leaf stomata. Under the atmospheric particulate matter environment, urban plants show a trade-off relationship of economics spectrum traits at the intraspecific level. CONCLUSION Under the influence of urban atmospheric particulate matter, urban plant shows a "slow investment-return" type in the leaf economics spectrum at the intraspecific level, with lower specific leaf area, lower chlorophyll content index, ticker leaves, higher leaf dry matter content, higher leaf tissue density and higher stomatal density. This finding provides a new perspective for understanding the resource trades-off strategy of plants adapting to atmospheric particulate matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyou Zhu
- Research Center for Urban Forestry, The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation ofMinistry of Education, Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Forest Ecosystem of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chengyang Xu
- Research Center for Urban Forestry, The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation ofMinistry of Education, Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Forest Ecosystem of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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