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Goswami L, Kushwaha A, Napathorn SC, Kim BS. Valorization of organic wastes using bioreactors for polyhydroxyalkanoate production: Recent advancement, sustainable approaches, challenges, and future perspectives. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 247:125743. [PMID: 37423435 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Microbial polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are encouraging biodegradable polymers, which may ease the environmental problems caused by petroleum-derived plastics. However, there is a growing waste removal problem and the high price of pure feedstocks for PHA biosynthesis. This has directed to the forthcoming requirement to upgrade waste streams from various industries as feedstocks for PHA production. This review covers the state-of-the-art progress in utilizing low-cost carbon substrates, effective upstream and downstream processes, and waste stream recycling to sustain entire process circularity. This review also enlightens the use of various batch, fed-batch, continuous, and semi-continuous bioreactor systems with flexible results to enhance the productivity and simultaneously cost reduction. The life-cycle and techno-economic analyses, advanced tools and strategies for microbial PHA biosynthesis, and numerous factors affecting PHA commercialization were also covered. The review includes the ongoing and upcoming strategies viz. metabolic engineering, synthetic biology, morphology engineering, and automation to expand PHA diversity, diminish production costs, and improve PHA production with an objective of "zero-waste" and "circular bioeconomy" for a sustainable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalit Goswami
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Anamika Kushwaha
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Beom Soo Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Lhamo P, Mahanty B. Structural Variability, Implementational Irregularities in Mathematical Modelling of Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) Production– a State of the Art Review. Biotechnol Bioeng 2022; 119:3079-3095. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.28213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pema Lhamo
- Department of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and SciencesCoimbatore641114Tamil NaduIndia
| | - Biswanath Mahanty
- Department of Biotechnology, Karunya Institute of Technology and SciencesCoimbatore641114Tamil NaduIndia
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3
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Duvigneau S, Dürr R, Wulkow M, Kienle A. Multiscale modeling of the microbial production of polyhydroxyalkanoates using two carbon sources. Comput Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2022.107740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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4
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Haloarchaea as emerging big players in future polyhydroxyalkanoate bioproduction: Review of trends and perspectives. CURRENT RESEARCH IN BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crbiot.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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5
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Advanced Kinetic Modeling of Bio-co-polymer Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Production Using Fructose and Propionate as Carbon Sources. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9081260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Biopolymers are a promising alternative to petroleum-based plastic raw materials. They are bio-based, non-toxic and degradable under environmental conditions. In addition to the homopolymer poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), there are a number of co-polymers that have a broad range of applications and are easier to process in comparison to PHB. The most prominent representative from this group of bio-copolymers is poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV). In this article, we show a new kinetic model that describes the PHBV production from fructose and propionic acid in Cupriavidus necator (C. necator). The developed model is used to analyze the effects of process parameter variations such as the CO2 amount in the exhaust gas and the feed rate. The presented model is a valuable tool to improve the microbial PHBV production process. Due to the coupling of CO2 online measurements in the exhaust gas to the biomass production, the model has the potential to predict the composition and the current yield of PHBV in the ongoing process.
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El-malek FA, Khairy H, Farag A, Omar S. The sustainability of microbial bioplastics, production and applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 157:319-328. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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7
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Amaro TMMM, Rosa D, Comi G, Iacumin L. Prospects for the Use of Whey for Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) Production. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:992. [PMID: 31143164 PMCID: PMC6520646 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Plastic production and accumulation have devastating environmental effects, and consequently, the world is in need of environmentally friendly plastic substitutes. In this context, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) appear to be true alternatives to common plastics because they are biodegradable and biocompatible and can be biologically produced. Despite having comparable characteristics to common plastics, extensive PHA use is still hampered by its high production cost. PHAs are bacterial produced, and one of the major costs associated with their production derives from the carbon source used for bacterial fermentation. Thus, several industrial waste streams have been studied as candidate carbon sources for bacterial PHA production, including whey, an environmental contaminant by-product from the dairy industry. The use of whey for PHA production could transform PHA production into a less costly and more environmentally friendly process. However, the efficient use of whey as a carbon source for PHA production is still hindered by numerous issues, including whey pre-treatments and PHA producing strain choice. In this review, current knowledge on using whey for PHA production were summarized and new ways to overcome the challenges associated with this production process were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lucilla Iacumin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali, Università degli Studi di Udine, Udine, Italy
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Ghysels S, Mozumder MSI, De Wever H, Volcke EIP, Garcia-Gonzalez L. Targeted poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) bioplastic production from carbon dioxide. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 249:858-868. [PMID: 29136942 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.10.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
A microbial production process was developed to convert CO2 and valeric acid into tailored poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) bioplastics. The aim was to understand microbial PHBV production in mixotrophic conditions and to control the monomer distribution in the polymer. Continuous sparging of CO2 with pulse and pH-stat feeding of valeric acid were evaluated to produce PHBV copolyesters with predefined properties. The desired random monomer distribution was obtained by limiting the valeric acid concentration (below 1 gL-1). 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and chromatographic analysis of the PHBV copolymer confirmed both the monomer distribution and the 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV) fraction in the produced PHBV. A physical-based model was developed for mixotrophic PHBV production, which was calibrated and validated with independent experimental datasets. To produce PHBV with a predefined 3HV fraction, an operating diagram was constructed. This tool was able to predict the 3HV fraction with a very good accuracy (2% deviation).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stef Ghysels
- Ghent University, Department of Biosystems Engineering, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium.
| | - Md Salatul Islam Mozumder
- Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering and Polymer Science, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Heleen De Wever
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Business Unit Separation and Conversion Technology, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Eveline I P Volcke
- Ghent University, Department of Biosystems Engineering, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Linsey Garcia-Gonzalez
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Business Unit Separation and Conversion Technology, Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
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Koller M, Vadlja D, Braunegg G, Atlić A, Horvat P. Formal- and high-structured kinetic process modelling and footprint area analysis of binary imaged cells: Tools to understand and optimize multistage-continuous PHA biosynthesis. EUROBIOTECH JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.24190/issn2564-615x/2017/03.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Competitive polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHAs) production requires progress in microbial strain performance, feedstock selection, downstream processing, and more importantly according to the process design with process kinetics of the microbial growth phase and the phase of product formation. The multistage continuous production in a bioreactor cascade was described for the first time in a continuously operated, flexible five-stage bioreactor cascade that mimics the characteristics involved in the engineering process of tubular plug flow reactors. This process was developed and used for Cupriavidus necator-mediated PHA production at high volumetric and specific PHA productivity (up to 2.31 g/(Lh) and 0.105 g/(gh), respectively). Based on the experimental data, formal kinetic and high structured kinetic models were established, accompanied by footprint area analysis of binary imaged cells. As a result of the study, there has been an enhanced understanding of the long-term continuous PHA production under balanced, transient, and nutrient-deficient conditions that was achieved on both the micro and the macro kinetic level. It can also be concluded that there were novel insights into the complex metabolic occurrences that developed during the multistage- continuous production of PHA as a secondary metabolite. This development was essential in paving the way for further process improvement. At the same time, a new method of specific growth rate and specific production rate based on footprint area analysis was established by using the electron microscope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Koller
- University of Graz, Office of Research Management and Service, c/o Institute of Chemistry, NAWI Graz , Austria
- ARENA (Association for Resource Efficient and Sustainable Technologies), Graz , Austria
| | - Denis Vadlja
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemical Engineering, Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Gerhart Braunegg
- ARENA (Association for Resource Efficient and Sustainable Technologies), Graz , Austria
| | - Aid Atlić
- VTU Technology GmbH, Grambach/ Graz , Austria
| | - Predrag Horvat
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemical Engineering, Zagreb , Croatia
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Han J, Wu LP, Hou J, Zhao D, Xiang H. Biosynthesis, Characterization, and Hemostasis Potential of Tailor-Made Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Produced by Haloferax mediterranei. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:578-88. [DOI: 10.1021/bm5016267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Han
- State
Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lin-Ping Wu
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jing Hou
- State
Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dahe Zhao
- State
Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Xiang
- State
Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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In silico optimization and low structured kinetic model of poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate] synthesis by Cupriavidus necator DSM 545 by fed-batch cultivation on glycerol. J Biotechnol 2013; 168:625-35. [PMID: 24001933 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2013.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Revised: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Glycerol was utilized by Cupriavidus necator DSM 545 for production of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) in fed-batch fermentation. Maximal specific growth rates (0.12 and 0.3h(-1)) and maximal specific non-growth PHB production rate (0.16 g g(-1)h(-1)) were determined from two experiments (inocula from exponential and stationary phase). Saturation constants for nitrogen (0.107 and 0.016 g L(-1)), glycerol (0.05 g L(-1)), non-growth related PHB synthesis (0.011 g L(-1)) and nitrogen/PHB related inhibition constant (0.405 g L(-1)), were estimated. Five relations for specific growth rate were tested using mathematical models. In silico performed optimization procedures (varied glycerol/nitrogen ratio and feeding) has resulted in a PHB content of 70.9%, shorter cultivation time (23 h) and better PHB yield (0.347 g g(-1)). Initial concentration of biomass 16.8 g L(-1) and glycerol concentration in broth between 3 and 5 g L(-1) were decisive factors for increasing of productivity.
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12
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Horvat P, Vrana Špoljarić I, Lopar M, Atlić A, Koller M, Braunegg G. Mathematical modelling and process optimization of a continuous 5-stage bioreactor cascade for production of poly[-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate] by Cupriavidus necator. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2012; 36:1235-50. [PMID: 23135491 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-012-0852-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A multistage system for poly(hydroxyalkanoate) (PHA) production consisting of five continuous stirred tank reactors in series (5-CSTR) with Cupriavidus necator DSM 545 as production strain was modelled using formal kinetic relations. Partially growth-associated production of PHA under nitrogen limited growth was chosen as modelling strategy, thus the Luedeking-Piret's model of partial growth-associated product synthesis was applied as working hypothesis. Specific growth rate relations adjusted for double substrate (C and N source) limited growth according to Megee et al. and Mankad-Bungay relation were tested. The first stage of the reactor cascade was modelled according to the principle of nutrient balanced continuous biomass production system, the second one as two substrate controlled process, while the three subsequent reactors were adjusted to produce PHB under continuous C source fed and nitrogen deficiency. Simulated results of production obtained by the applied mathematical models and computational optimization indicate that PHB productivity of the whole system could be significantly increased (from experimentally achieved 2.14 g L(-1) h(-1) to simulated 9.95 g L(-1) h(-1)) if certain experimental conditions would have been applied (overall dilution rate, C and N source feed concentration). Additionally, supplemental feeding strategy for switching from batch to continuous mode of cultivation was proposed to avoid substrate inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Predrag Horvat
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6/IV, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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Koller M, Atlić A, Dias M, Reiterer A, Braunegg G. Microbial PHA Production from Waste Raw Materials. MICROBIOLOGY MONOGRAPHS 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-03287-5_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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Koller M, Atlić A, Gonzalez-Garcia Y, Kutschera C, Braunegg G. Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) Biosynthesis from Whey Lactose. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.200851212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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15
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Cui Y, Barford JP, Renneberg R. Gas Chromatographic Determination of Poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate) with Alkaline Hydrolysis and Acid Esterification. ANAL LETT 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/00032710701603959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Koller M, Hesse P, Bona R, Kutschera C, Atlić A, Braunegg G. Potential of Various Archae- and Eubacterial Strains as Industrial Polyhydroxyalkanoate Producers from Whey. Macromol Biosci 2007; 7:218-26. [PMID: 17295410 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.200600211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Three different microbial wild-type strains are compared with respect to their potential as industrial scale polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) producers from the feed stock whey lactose. The halophilic archaeon Haloferax mediterranei as well as two eubacterial strains (Pseudomonas hydrogenovora and Hydrogenophaga pseudoflava) are investigated. H. mediterranei accumulated 50 wt.-% of poly-3-(hydroxybutyrate-co-8%-hydroxyvalerate) from hydrolyzed whey without addition of 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV) precursors (specific productivity q(p): 9.1 mg x g(-1) x h(-1)). Using P. hydrogenovora, the final percentage of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) amounted to 12 wt.-% (q(p): 2.9 mg x g(-1) x h(-1)). With H. pseudoflava, it was possible to reach 40 wt.-% P-3(HB-co-5%-HV) on non-hydrolyzed whey lactose plus addition of valeric acid as 3HV precursor (q(p): 12.5 mg x g(-1) x h(-1)). A detailed characterization of the isolated biopolyesters and an evaluation with regard to the economic feasibility completes the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Koller
- Graz University of Technology, Institute of Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering, Petersgasse 12 A-8010 Graz, Austria.
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