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Elucidation of the Interactions of Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidants in Model Membranes Mimicking Cancer Cells and Normal Cells. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12030286. [PMID: 35323761 PMCID: PMC8949560 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12030286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Photosensitizers (PSs) used in photodynamic therapy (PDT) have been developed to selectively destroy tumor cells. However, PSs recurrently reside on the extracellular matrix or affect normal cells in the vicinity, causing side effects. Additionally, the membrane stability of tumor cells and normal cells in the presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has not been studied, and the effects of ROS at the membrane level are unclear. In this work, we elucidate the stabilities of model membranes mimicking tumor cells and normal cells in the presence of ROS. The model membranes are constructed according to the degree of saturation in lipids and the bilayers are prepared either in symmetric or asymmetric form. Interestingly, membranes mimicking normal cells are the most vulnerable to ROS, while membranes mimicking tumor cells remain relatively stable. The instability of normal cell membranes may be one cause of the side effects of PDT. Moreover, we also show that ROS levels are controlled by antioxidants, helping to maintain an appropriate amount of ROS when PDT is applied.
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Ito Y, Izawa Y, Osaki T, Kamiya K, Misawa N, Fujii S, Mimura H, Miki N, Takeuchi S. A Lipid-Bilayer-On-A-Cup Device for Pumpless Sample Exchange. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11121123. [PMID: 33352964 PMCID: PMC7767076 DOI: 10.3390/mi11121123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Lipid-bilayer devices have been studied for on-site sensors in the fields of diagnosis, food and environmental monitoring, and safety/security inspection. In this paper, we propose a lipid-bilayer-on-a-cup device for serial sample measurements using a pumpless solution exchange procedure. The device consists of a millimeter-scale cylindrical cup with vertical slits which is designed to steadily hold an aqueous solution and exchange the sample by simply fusing and splitting the solution with an external solution. The slit design was experimentally determined by the capabilities of both the retention and exchange of the solution. Using the optimized slit, a planar lipid bilayer was reconstituted with a nanopore protein at a microaperture allocated to the bottom of the cup, and the device was connected to a portable amplifier. The solution exchangeability was demonstrated by observing the dilution process of a blocker molecule of the nanopore dissolved in the cup. The pumpless solution exchange by the proposed cup-like device presents potential as a lipid-bilayer system for portable sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihisa Ito
- Artificial Cell Membrane Systems Group, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 3-2-1 Sakado, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 213-0012, Japan; (Y.I.); (Y.I.); (T.O.); (K.K.); (N.M.); (S.F.); (H.M.); (N.M.)
- School of Integrated Design Engineering, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Yusuke Izawa
- Artificial Cell Membrane Systems Group, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 3-2-1 Sakado, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 213-0012, Japan; (Y.I.); (Y.I.); (T.O.); (K.K.); (N.M.); (S.F.); (H.M.); (N.M.)
- School of Integrated Design Engineering, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Toshihisa Osaki
- Artificial Cell Membrane Systems Group, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 3-2-1 Sakado, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 213-0012, Japan; (Y.I.); (Y.I.); (T.O.); (K.K.); (N.M.); (S.F.); (H.M.); (N.M.)
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Koki Kamiya
- Artificial Cell Membrane Systems Group, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 3-2-1 Sakado, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 213-0012, Japan; (Y.I.); (Y.I.); (T.O.); (K.K.); (N.M.); (S.F.); (H.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Nobuo Misawa
- Artificial Cell Membrane Systems Group, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 3-2-1 Sakado, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 213-0012, Japan; (Y.I.); (Y.I.); (T.O.); (K.K.); (N.M.); (S.F.); (H.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Satoshi Fujii
- Artificial Cell Membrane Systems Group, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 3-2-1 Sakado, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 213-0012, Japan; (Y.I.); (Y.I.); (T.O.); (K.K.); (N.M.); (S.F.); (H.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Hisatoshi Mimura
- Artificial Cell Membrane Systems Group, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 3-2-1 Sakado, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 213-0012, Japan; (Y.I.); (Y.I.); (T.O.); (K.K.); (N.M.); (S.F.); (H.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Norihisa Miki
- Artificial Cell Membrane Systems Group, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 3-2-1 Sakado, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 213-0012, Japan; (Y.I.); (Y.I.); (T.O.); (K.K.); (N.M.); (S.F.); (H.M.); (N.M.)
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Shoji Takeuchi
- Artificial Cell Membrane Systems Group, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 3-2-1 Sakado, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 213-0012, Japan; (Y.I.); (Y.I.); (T.O.); (K.K.); (N.M.); (S.F.); (H.M.); (N.M.)
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
- Department of Mechano-Informatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-5841-7056; Fax: +81-3-5841-7104
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Misawa N, Osaki T, Takeuchi S. Membrane protein-based biosensors. J R Soc Interface 2019; 15:rsif.2017.0952. [PMID: 29669891 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2017.0952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This review highlights recent development of biosensors that use the functions of membrane proteins. Membrane proteins are essential components of biological membranes and have a central role in detection of various environmental stimuli such as olfaction and gustation. A number of studies have attempted for development of biosensors using the sensing property of these membrane proteins. Their specificity to target molecules is particularly attractive as it is significantly superior to that of traditional human-made sensors. In this review, we classified the membrane protein-based biosensors into two platforms: the lipid bilayer-based platform and the cell-based platform. On lipid bilayer platforms, the membrane proteins are embedded in a lipid bilayer that bridges between the protein and a sensor device. On cell-based platforms, the membrane proteins are expressed in a cultured cell, which is then integrated in a sensor device. For both platforms we introduce the fundamental information and the recent progress in the development of the biosensors, and remark on the outlook for practical biosensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuo Misawa
- Artificial Cell Membrane Systems Group, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 3-2-1 Sakado, Takatsu, Kawasaki 213-0012, Japan
| | - Toshihisa Osaki
- Artificial Cell Membrane Systems Group, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 3-2-1 Sakado, Takatsu, Kawasaki 213-0012, Japan.,Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Shoji Takeuchi
- Artificial Cell Membrane Systems Group, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 3-2-1 Sakado, Takatsu, Kawasaki 213-0012, Japan .,Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
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Sarkar S, Tran N, Rashid MH, Le TC, Yarovsky I, Conn CE, Drummond CJ. Toward Cell Membrane Biomimetic Lipidic Cubic Phases: A High-Throughput Exploration of Lipid Compositional Space. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2018; 2:182-195. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sampa Sarkar
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Nhiem Tran
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Md Harunur Rashid
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Tu C. Le
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Irene Yarovsky
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Charlotte E. Conn
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Calum J. Drummond
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
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Booth MJ, Restrepo Schild V, Downs FG, Bayley H. Functional aqueous droplet networks. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2018; 13:1658-1691. [PMID: 28766622 DOI: 10.1039/c7mb00192d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Droplet interface bilayers (DIBs), comprising individual lipid bilayers between pairs of aqueous droplets in an oil, are proving to be a useful tool for studying membrane proteins. Recently, attention has turned to the elaboration of networks of aqueous droplets, connected through functionalized interface bilayers, with collective properties unachievable in droplet pairs. Small 2D collections of droplets have been formed into soft biodevices, which can act as electronic components, light-sensors and batteries. A substantial breakthrough has been the development of a droplet printer, which can create patterned 3D droplet networks of hundreds to thousands of connected droplets. The 3D networks can change shape, or carry electrical signals through defined pathways, or express proteins in response to patterned illumination. We envisage using functional 3D droplet networks as autonomous synthetic tissues or coupling them with cells to repair or enhance the properties of living tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Booth
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK.
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Venkatesan GA, Sarles SA. Droplet immobilization within a polymeric organogel improves lipid bilayer durability and portability. LAB ON A CHIP 2016; 16:2116-2125. [PMID: 27164314 DOI: 10.1039/c6lc00391e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The droplet interface bilayer (DIB) is a promising technique for assembling lipid membrane-based materials and devices using water droplets in oil, but it has largely been limited to laboratory environments due to its liquid construction. With a vision to transform this lab-based technique into a more-durable embodiment, we investigate the use of a polymer-based organogel to encapsulate DIBs within a more-solid material matrix to improve their handling and portability. Specifically, a temperature-sensitive organogel formed from hexadecane and poly[styrene-b-(ethylene-co-butylene)-b-styrene] (SEBS) triblock copolymer is used to replace the liquid solvent that surrounds the lipid-coated droplets to establish a novel liquid-in-gel DIB system. Through specific capacitance measurements and single-channel recordings of the pore forming peptide alamethicin, we verify that the structural and functional membrane properties are retained when DIBs are assembled within SEBS organogel. In addition, we demonstrate that organogel encapsulation offers improved handling of droplets and yields DIBs with a near 3× higher bilayer durability, as quantified by the lateral acceleration required to rupture the membrane, compared to liquid-in-liquid DIBs in oil. This encapsulated DIB system provides a barrier against contamination from the environment and offers a new material platform for supporting multilayered DIB-based devices as well as other digital microfluidic systems that feature water droplets in oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guru A Venkatesan
- Mechanical, Aerospace, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee, 1512 Middle Drive, 414 Dougherty Engineering Building, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
| | - Stephen A Sarles
- Mechanical, Aerospace, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Tennessee, 1512 Middle Drive, 414 Dougherty Engineering Building, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
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Schmidt J. Membrane platforms for biological nanopore sensing and sequencing. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2016; 39:17-27. [PMID: 26773300 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2015.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In the past two decades, biological nanopores have been developed and explored for use in sensing applications as a result of their exquisite sensitivity and easily engineered, reproducible, and economically manufactured structures. Nanopore sensing has been shown to differentiate between highly similar analytes, measure polymer size, detect the presence of specific genes, and rapidly sequence nucleic acids translocating through the pore. Devices featuring protein nanopores have been limited in part by the membrane support containing the nanopore, the shortcomings of which have been addressed in recent work developing new materials, approaches, and apparatus resulting in membrane platforms featuring automatability and increased robustness, lifetime, and measurement throughput.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Schmidt
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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Kim YR, Jung S, Ryu H, Yoo YE, Kim SM, Jeon TJ. Synthetic biomimetic membranes and their sensor applications. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2012; 12:9530-50. [PMID: 23012557 PMCID: PMC3444115 DOI: 10.3390/s120709530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Revised: 06/05/2012] [Accepted: 06/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic biomimetic membranes provide biological environments to membrane proteins. By exploiting the central roles of biological membranes, it is possible to devise biosensors, drug delivery systems, and nanocontainers using a biomimetic membrane system integrated with functional proteins. Biomimetic membranes can be created with synthetic lipids or block copolymers. These amphiphilic lipids and polymers self-assemble in an aqueous solution either into planar membranes or into vesicles. Using various techniques developed to date, both planar membranes and vesicles can provide versatile and robust platforms for a number of applications. In particular, biomimetic membranes with modified lipids or functional proteins are promising platforms for biosensors. We review recent technologies used to create synthetic biomimetic membranes and their engineered sensors applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Rok Kim
- Institute of Life Sciences and Resources & Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea; E-Mail:
| | - Sungho Jung
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 402-751, Korea; E-Mails: (S.J.); (H.R.)
| | - Hyunil Ryu
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 402-751, Korea; E-Mails: (S.J.); (H.R.)
| | - Yeong-Eun Yoo
- Nano-Mechanical Systems Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon 305-343, Korea; E-Mail:
| | - Sun Min Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 402-751, Korea; E-Mail:
- Biohybrid Systems Research Center, Inha University, Incheon 402-751, Korea
| | - Tae-Joon Jeon
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 402-751, Korea; E-Mails: (S.J.); (H.R.)
- Biohybrid Systems Research Center, Inha University, Incheon 402-751, Korea
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